Reading Method Resume

By Reynaldo K. Silva G.
Reading approach is one of methods that can be used by teacher. It is one of way that will help students to solve
their problem in reading. In reading approach, students will improve their knowledge and get something new
because they are demanded to read more. Reading becomes important because it is an active skill which
involves inferencing, guessing, predicting etc. It also has, more often than not, a communicative function. By
reading students will know about the tenses, kinds of tenses and how to use it. They also will know about the
different of culture by reading cross cultural understanding, and they will learn how to pronounce the words
correctly. In reading approach, many things that will be achieved by students and they can master English well.
So, Because of the important of reading that have already mentioned before, teacher should teach and
emphasized the students to read effectively by using reading approach.
Types of Teaching and Learning Activities
 
Skimming
It is an activity to read shorter texts to extract accurate detailed information. Skimming is used to
quickly identify the main ideas of a text. Skimming is done at a speed three to four times faster than
normal reading. People often skim when they have lots of material to read in a limited amount of
time. There are many strategies that can be used when skimming. Some students read the first and
last paragraphs using headings, summarizes and other organizers as they move down the page or
screen. The students might read the title, subtitles, subheading, and illustrations. Consider reading
the first sentence of each paragraph. This technique is useful when the students are seeking specific
information rather than reading for comprehension. Skimming works well to find dates, names, and
places. It might be used to review graphs, tables, and charts.

 
Scanning
It is a quickly reading a text to get the gist of it. Scanning is a technique that often use when looking
up a word in the telephone book or dictionary. The students search for key words or ideas. Scanning
involves moving eyes quickly down the page seeking specific words and phrases. Scanning is also used
when the reader first find a resource to determine whether it will answer the questions. Once you’ve
scanned the document, you might go back and skim it.
When scanning, the students look for the author’s use of organizers such as numbers, letters, steps, or
the words, first, second, or next. They look for words that are bold faced, italics, or in a different font
size, style, or color. Sometimes the author will put key ideas in the margin.

Extensive reading
Extensive reading is a reading longer text, usually for pleasure. Extensive reading is an approach to
language learning, including foreign language learning, by the means of a large amount of reading.
The students view and review of unknown words in specific context will allow the student to infer the
word’s meaning, and thus to learn unknown words. While the mechanism is commonly accepted as
true, its importance in language learning is disputed. We can consider extensive reading as private
reading in width at a pace suited to the individual’s ability, taste, and mood. Extensive Reading is the
free reading of books and other written material that is not too difficult nor too easy!  Extensive
Reading is sometimes called Free Voluntary Reading.
Why use it?  ESL students always want to learn more words, acquire more grammatical structures and
be better readers and writers.  Doing extensive reading will help students with all of the above, along
with motivating them to enjoy reading and learning independently.
The role of extensive reading in language learning:

1. It can provide ‘comprehensible input.

2. It can enhance learners’ general language competence.
3. It increases the students’ exposure to the language.
4. It can increase knowledge of vocabulary.
5. It can lead to improvement in writing.
6. It can motivate learners to read.
7.  It can consolidate previously learned language.
8. It helps to build confidence with extended texts.
9. It encourages the exploitation of textual redundancy.
10. It facilitates the development of prediction skills
 

Intensive reading
It is a quickly going through a text to find a particular piece of information. It is essentially reading in
depth and is usually done in the class with each pupil having the same text. Intensive reading involves
students reading in detail with specific learning aims and tasks. It can be compared with extensive
reading, which involves students reading texts for enjoyment and to develop general reading skills.
The Intensive Reading Technique is reading for a high degree of comprehension and retention over a
long period of time. For example, the students read a short text and put events from it into
chronological order.

Kinds of instructional experiences and materials

 Reading aloud by the teacher is an important component of the struggling reader’s literacy
program. Teacher is as model in reading process and students listen and respond to the teacher.
Teachers should select stories, poems, and informational texts to read aloud that help expand and
strengthen the background knowledge of their students.
 Shared reading. Teacher leads and students participate. This is extremely valuable for the
child who is having trouble figuring out what reading is all about. The teacher reads a text
while the student observes and follows along silently. This method helps build reading fluency
and comprehension.
 Word study. Teacher leads and students participate. Word study fosters recognition of the
individual sounds of words and an understanding of the alphabetic principle and its
application to reading and spelling. Activities involve phonemic awareness, phonics, structural
analysis, and the development of sight vocabulary.
 Guided reading involves teachers’ structuring learning situation in which children work in
small group on material that is modestly challenging to them. Teacher monitors for application
of strategies.  A student reads with the assistance of an instructor as it is needed. When an
unfamiliar word appears, the instructor either tells the student the word or assists the student
in decoding the word. During the story, the teacher stops at certain points and questions the
student in order to determine/guide comprehension. This helps build practice in
comprehension, decoding, sight word vocabulary, and oral reading.
 Independent reading is as important for low-achieving children as for any others.
Independent reading is what struggling readers most need to practice. Struggling readers
should be encouraged to select books that match their interest and reading abilities. Teacher
can assist them in finding appropriate books by giving them tips on how to select books on
their own. Teacher monitors for time on task.
Learner Roles
–                Recognizing the script of a language.

–                Translating the text.

–                Deducing the meaning of unfamiliar lexical items.

–                Understanding explicitly stated information.

Teacher Roles
Teacher should create situations in which learners are most suggestible and then to present linguistic
material in a way most likely to encourage positive reception and retention by learners.

–                Motivating learners

–                Encouraging to set reading strategies

–                Supporting the students to develop reading comprehension

The Role of Instructional Materials

–                To get meaning from whole chunks of text

–                To have good vocabulary and integrate naturally with other class work.

Procedure
The students/ readers decode (figure out how to pronounce) each word in a text and automatically
comprehend the meaning of the words, as they do with their everyday spoken language. There are
specific comprehension strategies that some teachers are now using in the classroom.

Advantages of Reading Approach

There are some benefits in utilizing reading approach:

1. Reading approach can be used in a big class.

2. In reading approach, students can know much vocabulary because they have to read the passage.
3. Students focus what they are studying because they only learn grammar.
4. The reading method requires little teaching skill since the lesson-form is a standardized and fixed
procedure.
5. The reading method is economical of time since the pupils all read simultaneously.
6. The reading method does not demand deep knowledge of the language on the part of the teacher,
since the teacher does not have to compose the sentences and questions: everything is supplied in
the book.
 
Disadvantages of Reading Approach
Reading approach also has limitation since there is no single teaching method that is categorized as
the best based on some consideration such as: the curriculum, students’ motivation, financial
limitation, number of students, etc.

The main disadvantages of reading approach are as follow:

1. Since reading approach is only focused on written skill, this approach is lack in speaking skill.
2. Reading approach is oppressive approach because the vocabularies and grammar are controlled.
 

CONCLUSION
 
There are many factors that influence the successful of teaching English. One of them is approach.
Approach is the way of teacher to transfer the knowledge to the students besides encourages their
motivation to learn. Teacher should be creative and smart in choosing and using an appropriate
approach. Teacher can use Reading approach as the way they teach.

In this approach, students focus on identifying meaning, understanding the text quickly, and reading
actively. Reading approach also has some weakness and some benefits. It is a fact that no approach or
method is perfect, but the important thing that cannot be ignored is reading is a very important thing.
By doing reading students will get many things, and can understand everything related to the
language learning especially English. So, it is important to know how to read effectively by using
reading approach.