Questions Jelizza
Questions Jelizza
He advocated the ‘Anomie Theory”, the theory that focused on the sociological point of the
positivist school, which explains that the absence of norms in a society provides a setting
conductive to crimes and other anti-social acts
2. He was the best-known Lombroso’s associate. His greatest contribution was his attack on
the classical doctrine of free will, which argued that criminals should be held morally
responsible for their crimes because they must have made a rational decision to commit the
crime.
4. P
a. Raffaele Garofalo c. David Emile Durkheim s
b. Enrico Ferri d. Sigmund Freud y
c
hologists have considered a variety of possibilities to account for individual differences –
defective conscience, emotional immaturity, inadequate childhood socialization, maternal
deprivation, and poor moral development.
5. . He advocated the “Human Ecology Theory”. Human Ecology is the study of the
interrelationship of people and their environment. This theory maintains that crime is
function of social change that occurs along with environmental change.
6. -
a. Robert Ezra Park c. David Emile Durkheim
b. Ernest Kretschmer d. William H. Sheldon
The idea of somatotyping was originated from the work of a German Psychiatrist, Ernest
Kretschmer.
Italian leader of the positivist school of criminology, was criticized for his methodology and
his attention to the biological characteristics of offenders, but his emphasis on the need to
study offenders scientifically earned him the “father of modern criminology.”
There are born criminals according to Lombroso, the belief that being criminal behavior is
inherited.
15. He has been referred to as “the most important criminologist of the twentieth century”
because his explanation about crime and criminal behavior can be seen as a corrected
extension of social perspective.
class behavior
20. He advocated the Neutralization Theory
21. - He advocated the DOT – Differential Opportunity Theory
22. One of the advocates of the Labeling Theory – the theory that explains about social reaction
to behavior
23. He was a Marxist criminologist who advocated the Instrumentalist Theory of capitalist rule.
24. Our modern concept of _____ has its basis in the idea of _____ originally conceived by the
Classical School of Criminology.
a. rehabilitation; punishment c. rehabilitation; positivism
b. deterrence; punishment d. deterrence; positivism
25. In the theory of evolution, he claimed that humans, like other animals, are parasite. Man is an
organism having an animalistic behavior that is dependent on other animals for survival.
Thus, man kills and steals to live.
28. . He discovered, basing on his research, that crimes against persons increased during
summer and crimes against property tends to increase during winter
29. One of the earliest explanations of criminality is called the demonological theory or
demonology. Under this theory, crimes are believed to be caused by the devil or other
supernatural explanations.
30. The classical school criminology was born in Italy in the mid-1700 during the Enlightenment
period in Europe
31. It is a set of statements devised to explain behavior, events or phenomenon, especially one
that has been repeatedly tested and widely accepted
a. Theory c. Freewill
b School of Thought d. Hendonism
32. It is a term that refers to a group of beliefs ideas that support a specific theory or idea
a. Theory c. Freewill
b School of Thought d. Hendonism
33. a philosophy advocating punishment severe enough for people to choose to avoid criminal
acts. It includes the belief that a certain criminal act warrants a certain punishment without
any punishment without any variation.
a. Theory c. Freewill
b School of Thought d. Hendonism
34. the belief that people choose pleasure and avoid pain.
a. Theory c. Freewill
b School of Thought d. Hendonism
35. a type with relatively predominance of soft, roundness throughout the regions of the body.
They have low specific gravity. It is also a person with typically relaxed and comfortable
disposition.
a. Theory c. Mesomorphy
b Endomorphy d. Ectomorphy
36. it is athletic type, predominance of muscle, bone and connective tissue, normally heavy,
hard and firm, sting and tough. They are the people who are routinely active and aggressive,
and they are the most likely to commit crimes
a. Theory c. Mesomorphy
b Endomorphy d. Ectomorphy
37. – thin physique, flat chest, delicacy through the body, slender, poorly muscled. They tend to
look more fatigue and withdrawn
a. Theory c. Mesomorphy
b Endomorphy d. Ectomorphy
38. which maintain that the society is composed of different group organization, the societies
consist of a group.
42. law and justice. However, in the late 1800's the use of scientific methods in studying human
behavior started to become widespread. It was no longer enough to rely on pure thought and
reason, use of observation and dominant method.
43. Is an indeterminate factor in mobilizing the criminal act. As each person has a unique
pyschological make up, he follows that only he can achieve a particular aim in a given
environment
52. It treats all men as if they are robots regard to individual differences and su circumstances
when the crime is committed. first offenders
a. Theory c. Unfair
b. Unjust d. Magna Carta
a. Theory c. Unfair
b. Unjust d. Magna Carta
55. He was a medical doctor, an Italian criminologist and is one of the proponents of the
positivists’ school of criminology
56. He focused his study on the influences of psychological factors, such as economics, on
crimes. He traced the roots of criminal behavior not to their psychological equivalents, which he
referred as moral anomalies.
57. Like Ferri, he was also a follower of Lombroso in the sense that he also rejected the doctrine
of the classical school of criminology. He also believed that crimes should be studied using
scientific methods
58. A type of criminal who are satisfied from vengeance/revenge
a. Murderers c. Criminals
b. Violent Criminals d. Lasciviousness Criminals
a. Murderers c. Criminals
b. Violent Criminals d. Lasciviousness Criminals
a. Murderers c. Criminals
b. Violent Criminals d. Lasciviousness Criminals
61. It is assigns the causes of crimes predetermined individual or environmental factors
62. This refers to the set of theory point to physical, physiological and other natural factors
causes for the commission of crimes of certain individuals
63. This refers to the theories that attribute criminal behavior of individuals to psychological
factors, such as emotional and mental problems
64. Sociological factors refer to things, places and people with whom we come in contact with
66. It refers to the study of the body build of a person in relation to his temperament and
a. Physiognomy. c. Heredity.
b. Physiology d. SOCIOLOGICAL DETERMINISM
67. It is the transmission of traits from parents to offspring. Studies have been conducted, and
are still being conducted, as to the relationship of genetics to criminality
a. Physiognomy. c. Heredity.
b. Physiology d. SOCIOLOGICAL DETERMINISM
68. He was an American criminologist who in 1877 conducted a study of the Jukes family
arching their family tree as far back as 200 years. He vexed that most of the ascendants of the
Jukes were criminals
69. He was an American psychologist and eugenicist whose classic work was titled "The
Kallikak family: A Study in Heredity of Feeble- Mindedness."
70. He was an English physician and psychiatrist who published a book entitled "The English
Convict."
71. He is best known for his psychotherapy, dream analysis and psychoanalysis theory.
72. His work entitled "The Division of Labor in Society" was published in 1893 of societies
73. He was a French sociologist and psychologist who introduced the theory of imitation, which
proposes the process by which people a become criminals
74. A statisticians, are credited for founding what is known as the cartographic school of
criminology
75. Environmental factors, such as the kind of rearing or family upbringing, quality of teaching
in the school, influences of peers and friends, conditions of the neighborhood and economic
and other societal factors are believed to be contributory to crime and criminal behavior.
77. This theory was popularized by Clifford Shaw and Henry Mckay.
78. This is popularized by Robert King Merton (1938) that applies the concept of anomie in the
field of criminology.
79. This theory gives emphasis on the concept of culture and sub-culture. Culture refers to the
system of values and meanings shared by a group of individuals including the embodiment of
those values and meanings in a material object
80. These theories cite interaction with environment as the primary factors in criminality. Under
this group of theory are the social learning theory and the social reaction theory.
81. The theory was first introduced by Albert Bandura in 1977. This theory holds that people
learn from one another through observation, imitation, and modeling.
84. This was introduced by David Matza and Gresham Sykes (1957) who are both criminologists
based in Chicago.
85. Social reaction theory states that people become criminals when become criminals when
significant members of society label them as such and they accept those labels as a personal
identity (Siegel, 2017). This theory is more commonly called labeling theory.
86. Social control theories maintain that everyone has the potential to become a criminal but
most people ate controlled by their bonds to society (Siegel, 2017).
87. This was proposed by Walter Reckless in 1973 when he conducted studies pertaining to
juvenile delinquency
88. It was theorized by Travis Hirschi in 1969, this theory views crime as a result of individual
with weakened bonds to social institutions (Barkan, 2017). According to this theory, there are
four (4) elements of social bonds, and these are: attachment, commitment, involvement and
belief
90. This theory modified the doctrine of free will by stating that free will of men may be affected
by other factors and crime is committed due to some compelling reasons that prevail
91. During the late eighteenth century, significant advances in knowledge of both the physical
and social world influenced thinking about crime. Forces of positivism and evolutionism moved
features and their relation to human behavior; the study of judging a person’s character from
facial features to determine whether the shape of the ears, nose and eyes and the distances
between them were associated with anti-social behavior.
93. Swiss theologian who believed that people's true characters and inclinations could be read
95. He believed that criminal characteristics were inherited and recommended that people with
such characteristics should not be allowed to reproduce
97. He correlated body build and constitution with characters or temperamental reactions and
mentality.
99.He studied the lives of the members of the JUKES FAMILY and referred to ADA
JUKES as the MOTHER OF CRIMINALS
100. He studied the lives of the KALLIKAK FAMILY and found that among the descendants from
MARTIN KALLIKAK's
a JOHANN KASPAR SPURZHEIM c HENRY GODDARD
b ERNST KRETCHMER d. RICHARD DUGDALE
101. The classic studies of the Juke and Kallikak families were among the first to show that
feeblemindedness or low-intelligence can be inherited and transferred from one generation to
the next.
102. This explains the psychological determinants which define behavior of a person.
103. This stands for instinctual drives: the primitive part of the individual’s mental make-up
present at birth; it is governed by the “pleasure principle”; represents the unconscious
biological drives for pleasure: the id impulses are not social and must be repressed or adapted
so that they may become socially acceptable
a. ID c. SUPEREGO
b. Eros d. EGO
104. This is considered to be the sensible and responsible part of an individual's “personality
and is governed by the “reality principle”; it is developed early in life and compensates for the
demands of the id by helping the individual guide his actions to remain within the boundaries of
accepted social behavior; it is the objective, rational part of the personality.
a. ID c. SUPEREGO
105. “responsible for making a person follow the moral codes of society. conscience principle”,
serves as the moral conscience of an individual; it is structured by what values were taught by
the parents
a. ID c. SUPEREGO
b. Eros d. EGO
106. The most basic human drive present at birth (the instinct to preserve and create life). An
expressed sexually.
a. ID c. SUPEREGO
b. Eros d. EGO
107. Usually during the first year of life when the child attains pleasure by sucking and biting.
108. Focus on the elimination of bodily wastes during the second and third years of life.
109. During the third year when child focus their attention on their genitals.
110. a stage of development when male begin to have sexual feelings for their mother.
111. A stage of development when girls begin to have sexual feelings for their fathers.
112. Begins at age 6. Feelings of sexuality are expressed until the genital stage begins at
puberty; this marks the beginning of adult sexuality
114. The emotional problem theories look at the offender as having the same psychological
make-up as that of a non-offender. There is no disease or psychological disorder present in the
offender. But the offender does not cope well with his environment and this creates frustration
that results in crime
115. There are two general types of mental disorders. First, the organic disorder, where the
physiological cause can be identified, such as head injuries that left the mind blank, senility
116. also known as anxiety state or anxiety reaction; characterized by the person feeling
anxious, fearful anticipation or apprehension; the person may be irritable, have poor
concentration and over reacts to things that are annoying
a. Anxiety c. OBSESSION
b. OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE BEHAVIOR d. COMPULSION
117. people who suffer from this have unwanted, intrusive and repetitive thoughts or behaviors
a. Anxiety c. OBSESSION
b.OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE BEHAVIOR d. COMPULSION
a. Anxiety c. OBSESSION
b.OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE BEHAVIOR d. COMPULSION
119. A repetitive behavior that is thought to produce or prevent something that is thought to be
magically connected to the behavior
a. Anxiety c. OBSESSION
b.OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE BEHAVIOR d. COMPULSION
120. An excessive and unexplainable fear of something, generally exaggerated fear of things
that normal people do not fear with the same degree
121. An extreme feeling of low morale, sadness, loneliness, self-pity, despair, rejection,
boredom and pessimism; a person is said to be depressed if these feelings become pervasive
and can already affect all aspects of a person's life
123. A more serious type of mental disorder, which can be organic or functional psychotic
people lose contact with reality and have difficulty distinguishing reality from fantasy.
a. PSYCHOSES c. SCHIZOPRENIA
b. PARANOIA d. DELUSIONS OF GRANDEUR
124. Also called dementia praecox; characterized by distortions or withdrawal from reality,
disturbances of thoughts and language and withdrawal from social contact.
a. PSYCHOSES c. SCHIZOPRENIA
b. PARANOIA d. DELUSIONS OF GRANDEUR
a. PSYCHOSES c. SCHIZOPRENIA
b. PARANOIA d. DELUSIONS OF GRANDEUR
126. A false belief that you are greater than everybody else
a. PSYCHOSES c. SCHIZOPRENIA
b. PARANOIA d. DELUSIONS OF GRANDEUR
127. A false belief that other people are conspiring to kill, harm or embarrass you
128. Founder of individual psychology and coined the term “inferiority complex” people who
have feelings of inferiority and compensate for them with a superiority.
129. He concluded that sociatal stress, though damaging, could not alone result in a life of
crime unless a predisposition existed that psychologically prepared youths for antisocial acts
130. He described the so called “identity crisis” which youth face inner turmoil and uncertainty
about life roles.
131. An acknowledged American psychiatrist who popularized the concept of “moral insanity”
in his book, “A treatise on the Medical Jurisprudence of Insanity”.
133.A forerunner of modern day learning theorists. He introduced the Theory of Imitation,
which governs the process by which people become criminals.
135. A member of the Italian parliament. he believed that criminals could not be held morally
responsible because they did not choose to commit crimes but was driven to commit them by
conditions of their lives
136. The study of sociology provides many ideas and opinions that help in understanding a
person becomes a criminal.
a. SOCIOLOGICAL CONCEPTS AND CRIME CAUSATIONS c. SOCIALIZATION
b. SOCIAL NORMS d. CULTURE
137. Also called rules of conduct,shared standard of behavior which in tum require certain
expectations of behavior in a given situation
138. refers to the learning process by which a person learns and internalizes the ways
of society so that he can function and become an active part of society.
139. It refers to the system of values and meanings shared by a group of individuals including the
embodiment of those values and meanings in a material object
140. It ties a person has to the institutions and process of society. According to Hirschi,
elements of the social bond include commitment, attachment, involvement, and belief.
a. Social bond c. SOCIAL REACTION THEORY
b. Containment theory d. DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT THEORY
141. According to Walter Reckless, it is the idea that strong self-image insulates a youth from
the pressures and pulls of criminogenic influences in the environment.
143. The concept that conduct norms are passed down from one generation to the next so that
they become stable within the boundaries of a culture
144. Combines the elements of both strain and disorganization theories. theorizes that in order
to cope with social isolation and economic deprivation, members of the lower class create an
independent subculture with its own set of rules and values
a. SOCIAL DISORGANIZATION THEORY c. Cultural transmission
b. SOCIAL PROCESS THEORIES d. CULTURAL DEVIANCE THEORY
145. It focuses on the conditions within the urban environment that affect crime rates
146. The views that criminality is a function of people's interaction with various organization,
institutions, and process in society.
147.Lean, slightly built, narrow shoulders; their crimes are petty thievery and fraud.
148. Medium height, rounded figures, massive neck, broad face; they tend to commit deception,
fraud and violence.
150. Introvert prone to allergies, skin troubles, chronic fatigue, insomnia, sensitive skin and
sensitive to noise and with relatively small body.
a. asthenic c. cerebrotonic
b. athletic d. pyknik