Yökdil

28 MART 2021 YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER
6. Millions of immigrants and refugees change homes

1. - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun
each year in pursuit of freedom, security, economic
düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.
betterment, or simply to ---- a more desirable
environment in which to live.
1. Skills assessment tests try to find out how well you are
A) turn down B) look for
likely to satisfy the technical or operational ---- of a job.
C) give up D) take off
A) requirements B) solutions
E) fall behind
C) shortcomings D) conflicts
E) punishments 7. Native American tribes and nations ---- their own

religions and political views long before Europeans ----
their lands.
2. The introduction of printing was delayed in Europe A) had been developing / had been invading
because of the ---- of paper until the 14th century.
B) were developing / have invaded
A) occupation B) variety
C) have developed / had invaded
C) expansion D) absence
D) developed / could have invaded
E) validation
E) had developed / invaded
3. The human face is a highly meaningful stimulus that

8. London ---- the oldest and most comprehensive
provides scholars with ---- information for adaptive
subway system in the world today, and all of the city’s
social interaction with people.
train stations ---- by subway.
A) weak B) deceptive
A) had / might be reached
C) redundant D) diverse
B) has had / could have been reached
E) erroneous
C) has / can be reached
D) is having / may have been reached

4. Centres and programmes that support excellence in
college and university teaching have grown ---- since E) will have / must be reached
the mid-20th century, and offer a broad range of
services and resources to various institutions.
9. Our brains are the most flexible when we are young
A) accurately B) severely children, as it is ---- this time that we learn the most ----
our environment.
C) incidentally D) extensively
A) before / for B) behind / without
E) temporarily
C) between / across D) during / about
E) against / from
5. If people ---- a group, they want to be like the group's
members and to hold similar characteristics and 10. With around 1.5 billion people living ---- its borders,
opinions. China is currently the most populous land ---- the
globe.
A) admire B) offend
A) from / around B) into / under
C) leave D) divide
C) throughout / upon D) within / across
E) defeat
E) about / for
1
11. The search ---- gold and silver and the control of their 16. They are some of the oldest monuments in the world,
sources have had a significant influence ---- human ---- much about Egypt's pyramids remains a mystery.
history as a motivation for exploration, trade, and
A) but B) otherwise
conflicts.
C) as D) supposed that
A) at / during B) for / on
E) once
C) about / beyond D) in / through
E) towards / around
17. ---- the rationalists, who thought that we were born
with certain ideas about the world, 17th-century
philosopher John Locke claimed that our minds were
12. ---- he was never regarded as a musical genius at a like a blank slate (tabula rasa) at birth, meaning we are
very young age like Mozart or Mendelssohn, not born with innate knowledge.
Beethoven's talent was quite impressive.
A) With the help of B) On behalf of
A) As long as B) Because
C) In terms of D) Unlike
C) Even though D) Once
E) Together with
E) Provided that
18. ---- disagreements over the definition, meaning and

value of privacy, most philosophers defend the unique
13. ---- attention is a process that is so widely distributed and fundamental value of privacy protection.
throughout the brain, different systems have been A) Such as B) In spite of
proposed to explain the varying types of attention.
C) By means of D) Similar to
A) Unless B) Once
E) In the hope of
C) After D) Because
E) As soon as
19. Much of the overall increase in population between
now and 2050 is projected to occur ---- in high fertility
countries ---- in countries with large populations.
14. Many animals can communicate with each other and A) so / that B) such / that
share information basically; ----, humans are the only
C) both / and D) as / as
creatures who can communicate using symbolic
language. E) the more / the more
A) that is B) however
C) accordingly D) likewise 20. Our rapidly changing society necessitates continuous

E) as a result updating of knowledge and competences in an
evolving work environment ---- lifelong learning
solutions are required.
A) how B) where
15. Computers and the Internet have greatly increased the
C) what D) whom
amount and range of information available to students
---- their benefits are often exaggerated in media E) which
reports.
A) until B) even if
C) in order that D) in case
E) unless
2
21.- 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış 23.

yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) effectively
B) reluctantly
Pedagogy is typically defined as the art and science of C) harshly
teaching. Teaching young children is a dynamic process
that demands not only that a teacher should have a fully D) instinctively
realised vision of the goals and content present in a E) adversely
curriculum but also a theoretical understanding of how best
(21) ---- students to learn. (22) ----, teachers must develop
and become expert at using a repertoire of strategies. With
this repertoire, they can respond (23) ---- to both an
individual student's learning and the class as a whole. In
other words, pedagogy is a teacher's toolkit that
encompasses his or her professional philosophy about
teaching and the purposes of early education (24) ---- a
range of methods for putting views into action. This toolkit
can be developed (25) ---- professional preparation
opportunities and teachers’ individual experiences of
schooling.
24.
21.
A) in case of
A) to assist B) as well as
B) assisting C) with the exception of
C) to be assisted D) regardless of
D) being assisted E) as opposed to
E) having assisted
22.
A) Otherwise B) By comparison 25.

C) In addition D) Instead A) beyond
E) On the contrary B) over
C) below
D) at
E) through
3
26. - 30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış 28.

yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) had been found
B) would be found
Described with majesty and respect in many historical texts, C) will be found
the Hanging Gardens of Babylon were said to be one of
humanity's greatest achievements. They were a multi-layered, D) have been found
irrigated paradise, and in many ways they (26) ---- the core E) were being found
values of Babylon: beauty, wealth and remarkable engineering
skills. Some academics, (27) ----, consider them pure myth.
After all, while the Hanging Gardens are mentioned in
numerous later texts, no documents from the time identifying
them (28) ----. What is more, ‘Father of History’ Herodotus
does not mention them at all in his Histories, (29) ---- visiting
the city and describing many of its other features in detail. As a
result, today debate rages fiercely (30) ---- whether or not
these legendary gardens were real. Unfortunately, while much
of the region today remains overrun by conflict, excavation
work to pin down if the Hanging Gardens did once exist is not
possible.
26.
29.
A) survived
A) instead of
B) demanded
B) prior to
C) exemplified
C) despite
D) destroyed
D) due to
E) diminished
E) for the purpose of
27.
A) however
B) moreover
30.
C) for instance
A) along
D) at first
B) without
E) eventually
C) for
D) over
E) in
4
31. - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde 34. Because the vast changes in altitude and terrain in
tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. Ecuador can make road travel slow and difficult, ----.
31. ----, they have no real evidence for what early society A) taxis and buses provide non-stop city transport for very
was like. reasonable fares
A) Now that the glyph writing system of the Maya B) telecommunication and electrical services in Ecuador
city-states were decoded by the archaeologists are state-owned and -operated
B) When archaeologists use radiocarbon dating in the C) tourists and Ecuadorians alike utilise in-country flights,
sites with materials that contain carbon which serve as a more practical alternative
C) Provided that an archaeological report describes D) the country harbours a lot of holiday destinations and
everything a researcher did in the field and laboratory tourist attractions
D) Since many archaeological reports are now available E) goods are still transported through rocky and tough
online roads
E) Although archaeologists can reconstruct what early

people ate and how they made some artefacts
35. Although only the well-to-do could afford to have their
own carriage in Victorian England, ----.
32. While many people in the US are only aware of anti-war
and peace movements from the period of social unrest A) electric trams were introduced at the end of the 19th
in the 1960s and 1970s, ----. century
A) people and groups resist war and armed conflict for B) ordinary people could hire a private coach by making
various reasons arrangements in advance
B) these efforts rarely receive mainstream attention in the C) the nobles often avoided using a public cab for door-to-
US door transportation in town
C) the goals of such movements vary according to the D) the cabs for private use were too expensive for most
dominant issue of the moment people’s ordinary daily use
D) they concentrate on a variety of issues related to E) the underground revolutionised the speed and cost of
violence, war, and oppression urban transportation
E) these notions have been in existence since long before
33. ---- if food security for all people in the world is to be 36. ----, it nevertheless does contribute to carbon
provided. emissions and climate change.
A) Supermarkets can now offer not only frozen and A) Because the transportability of natural gas makes it
packaged food, but also fresh food year-round from all suitable for various uses
over the world B) While natural gas is cleaner compared to other fossil
B) The way food is produced and distributed throughout fuels
the world has changed dramatically since the Industrial C) As long as natural gas fulfills a vital role in the global
Revolution supply of energy
C) In a world where food is abundant as never before, D) As natural gas has recently lost its role as a lighting
food supply is extremely vulnerable to economic and source
political interests
E) Since natural gas is a flammable mixture of
D) Fundamental changes in global trade and the hydrocarbon gases
international financial system must be introduced
E) Lack of access to food leads to undernourishment, a

problem that affects more than 800 million people
5
37. ----, water has been a dominant factor in determining 40. The modern concept of sport refers mainly to
the location and distribution of human settlement in organised physical activities such as football,
Afghanistan. basketball, or table tennis, ----.
A) Although many of the historically important towns are A) however, modern sports evolved mainly in the West
located near rivers and streams during the time of the Industrial Revolution
B) Since much of the country is covered by deserts and B) thus it leaves out board and card games such as
receives little rain bridge, chess, or poker
C) Whereas the country’s capital lies on the well-watered C) as there is no evidence that sports are necessary for
plains of a river human existence
D) Despite the fact that 80 percent of the country’s D) yet basketball has now become one of the most
population is rural, utilising water sources on a large popular sports around the world
scale
E) in other words, sports as a form of cultural expression
E) Even if humid air from the Persian Gulf produces reflects a culture’s history
summer showers in the southwest
41. Very few researchers have an interest in studying

whistled languages ----.
38. ----, written communication continues to change both
A) whereas their intelligibility does not always match that
in speed and fluency.
of spoken languages
A) As the world becomes increasingly interconnected via
B) although the populations that use them are located in
technologies such as e-mail and text messaging
isolated areas
B) Given that the Internet may have some undesirable
C) so that they are most ideally used in areas with high
effects on written communication
noise concentrations
C) Since the development of paper is thought to have
D) if users could detect an entire sentence from long
facilitated communication for commoners
distances
D) Although engaging in written communication over long
E) even though such speech has been around since
distances has become much easier
ancient times
E) Even though written communication is intricately
connected to the technology of writing
39. The earliest examples of plant and animal

domestication date back hundreds of thousands of
years, ----.
A) as domestication changed the natural behaviour and

characteristics of the plants and animals
B) although the domestication of their environment was a

great survival technique of the human population
C) instead, the domestication of plants and animals took

place in a single limited area
D) whereas domestication was one of the most

fundamental changes in human history
E) but the environmental effects of those lifestyle changes

are still apparent today
6
42.- 47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en 44. Some scholars argue that most European cultures
yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. stem from ancient Celts, who migrated from what is
now Eastern Europe to the British Isles in the 9th
42. People with disabilities have always been part of century BCE.
society, but what has changed is how society defines
these differences and how people with special needs A) Çoğu Avrupa kültürünün antik Keltlerden geldiğine
are treated. inanan bazı araştırmacılar, Keltlerin MÖ 9. yüzyılda
A) Toplumun her zaman bir parçası olan engellilere günümüzde Doğu Avrupa olarak bilinen bölgeden
yönelik farklılıkların tanımlanması ve özel ihtiyacı olan Britanya Adaları’na göç ettiğini öne sürmektedir.
insanlara nasıl davranıldığı konularında değişim B) Bazı araştırmacılara göre, MÖ 9. yüzyılda günümüzde
meydana gelmiştir. Doğu Avrupa olarak bilinen bölgeden Britanya
B) Engelliler toplumun her zaman bir parçası olmuşlardır, Adaları’na göç eden antik Keltler, çoğu Avrupa
ancak değişen şey toplumun bu farklılıkları nasıl kültürünün temelini teşkil etmektedir.
tanımladığı ve özel ihtiyaçları olan insanlara nasıl C) MÖ 9. yüzyılda Doğu Avrupa’dan Britanya Adaları’na
davranıldığı olmuştur. göç eden antik Keltlerin bugünkü çoğu Avrupa
C) Engelliler toplumun her zaman bir parçası olsa da kültürünün kökenini oluşturduğu, bazı araştırmacılar
toplumun onların bu farklılıklarının tanımlanması ve tarafından iddia edilmektedir.
özel ihtiyaçları olan insanlara nasıl davranıldığına D) Bazı araştırmacılar, çoğu Avrupa kültürünün MÖ 9.
yönelik yaklaşımı değişmiştir. yüzyılda günümüzde Doğu Avrupa olarak bilinen
D) Toplumun her zaman bir parçası olan engellilerin bölgeden Britanya Adaları’na göç eden antik Keltlerden
farklılıklarının tanımlanma biçimi ve özel ihtiyaçları olan geldiğini öne sürmektedir.
insanlara yönelik davranış biçimleri değişime E) Günümüzdeki çoğu Avrupa kültürünün MÖ 9. yüzyılda
uğramıştır. Doğu Avrupa’dan Britanya Adaları’na göç eden antik
E) Engelliler her zaman toplumun bir parçası olmalarına Keltlerden geldiğini öne süren bazı araştırmacılar
rağmen toplumun bu farklılıkları nasıl tanımladığı ve vardır.
özel ihtiyaçları olan insanlara nasıl davrandığı
konularında değişim yaşanmıştır.
45. As coffee spread from its native Africa to the Middle
East, then to Europe and other parts of the world, it
43. The Europeans’ exploration of the world began in the was transformed from the drink of a select few to a
second half of the 15th century when the desire to find product consumed by the masses.
a sea route to the East led the Portuguese to make a A) Kahve, ana vatanı Afrika’dan Orta Doğu’ya, oradan da
series of voyages to the west coast of Africa. Avrupa ve dünyanın diğer bölgelerine yayıldıkça seçkin
A) Doğu’ya deniz yolu bulma arzusunun Portekizlileri bir azınlığın içeceğinden kitlelerin tükettiği bir ürüne
Afrika’nın batı sahiline bir dizi seyahat gerçekleştirmeye dönüşmüştür.
yönelttiği 15. yüzyılın ikinci yarısı, Avrupalıların dünyayı B) Ana vatanı Afrika’dan Orta Doğu’ya, oradan da Avrupa
keşfinin başladığı zamandır. ve dünyanın diğer bölgelerine yayılan kahve, önceleri
B) Avrupalıların dünyayı keşfi, Doğu’ya deniz yolu bulma seçkin bir azınlığın içeceğiyken kitlelerin tükettiği bir
arzusunun Portekizlileri Afrika’nın batı sahiline bir dizi ürün hâline gelmiştir.
seyahat gerçekleştirmeye yönelttiği 15. yüzyılın ikinci C) Kahve, ana vatanı Afrika’da seçkin bir azınlığın
yarısında başlamıştır. içeceğiyken Orta Doğu’ya, oradan da Avrupa ve
C) Avrupalıların dünyayı keşfi, Doğu’ya deniz yolu bulma dünyanın diğer bölgelerine yayıldıkça kitlelerin tükettiği
arzusunun Portekizlileri Afrika’nın batı sahiline bir dizi bir ürüne dönüşmüştür.
seyahat gerçekleştirmeye yönelttiği 15. yüzyılın ikinci D) Kahveyi seçkin bir azınlığın içeceği olmaktan çıkarıp
yarısına dayanmaktadır. kitlelerin tükettiği bir ürüne dönüştüren şey, ana vatanı
D) Avrupalıların dünyayı keşfi, 15. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında, Afrika’dan Orta Doğu’ya, oradan da Avrupa ve
Portekizlilerin Doğu’ya deniz yolu bulma arzusuyla dünyanın diğer bölgelerine yayılması olmuştur.
Afrika’nın batı sahiline yönelerek bir dizi seyahat E) İlk zamanlarında seçkin bir azınlığın içeceği olarak
gerçekleştirmesiyle başlamıştır. bilinen kahve, ana vatanı Afrika’dan Orta Doğu’ya,
E) Avrupalıların dünyayı keşfi, Doğu’ya deniz yolu bulma oradan da Avrupa ve dünyanın diğer bölgelerine
arzusu ile Afrika’nın batı sahiline yönelen Portekizlilerin yayılması sonucunda kitlelerin tükettiği bir ürüne
bir dizi seyahat gerçekleştirmesiyle, 15. yüzyılın ikinci dönüşmüştür.
yarısında başlamıştır.
7
46. Although cities provide the optimum context for social 47. Despite advances in understanding of the anatomy
activities, daily life conditions in cities are becoming and physiology of pain and the development of
increasingly more difficult. treatments based on sophisticated technology,
chronic pain continues to be a prevalent and costly
A) Şehirlerdeki günlük yaşam koşulları gittikçe daha zor
problem.
bir hâle gelse bile şehirler sosyal aktiviteler için en
uygun ortamlardır. A) Ağrının anatomisinin ve fizyolojisinin anlaşılmasındaki
ilerlemelere ve üst düzey teknolojiye dayalı tedavilerin
B) Şehirlerdeki günlük yaşam koşulları gittikçe daha zor
geliştirilmesine rağmen, kronik ağrı yaygın ve maliyetli
bir hâl almaktadır, ancak şehirler sosyal aktiviteler için
bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir.
en uygun ortamı sunar.
B) Ağrının anatomisi ve fizyolojisi konusunda ilerlemeler
C) Sosyal aktiviteler için en uygun ortamı sağlayan
kaydedilmiş ve üst düzey teknolojiye bağlı tedaviler
şehirlerdeki günlük yaşam koşulları gittikçe daha zor bir
geliştirilmiştir, ancak kronik ağrı yaygın ve maliyetli bir
hâl almaktadır.
sorun olmaya hâlâ devam etmektedir.
D) Şehirler sosyal aktiviteler için en uygun ortamı sağlasa
C) Kronik ağrı, anatomisinin ve fizyolojisinin
da şehirlerdeki günlük yaşam koşulları gittikçe daha zor
anlaşılmasındaki ilerlemelere ve üst düzey teknolojik
bir hâle gelmektedir.
tedavilerin geliştirilmesine rağmen, yaygın bir sorun
E) Sosyal aktiviteler için en uygun ortam şehirlerde olmaya devam etmektedir ve tedavisi maliyetlidir.
bulunmasına rağmen şehirlerdeki günlük yaşam
D) Hâlâ yaygın ve maliyetli bir sorun olan kronik ağrıya
koşulları gittikçe daha zor bir hâl almaktadır.
karşı üst düzey teknolojik tedavilerin geliştirilmesi,
ağrının anatomisinin ve fizyolojisinin anlaşılmasındaki
ilerlemeler sayesinde olmuştur.
E) Ağrının anatomisinin ve fizyolojisinin anlaşılmasındaki

ilerlemeler sayesinde üst düzey teknolojiye dayalı
tedaviler geliştirilmiş olsa bile kronik ağrı yaygın ve
maliyetli bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir.
8
48. - 53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye anlamca en 49. Amazon yağmur ormanları insan topluluklarının varlığı
yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. için uygun olmayan bir yer olarak tanıtılagelmiştir,
fakat yeni çalışmalar çeşitli eski toplulukların bölgede
tarım yaptıklarını öne sürmektedir.
48. Immanuel Kant, deneyciliğin ve doğa bilimlerinin
oluşmasına katkıda bulunan bir düşünce sistemi A) While current studies suggest that numerous ancient
geliştirdiği için 19. yüzyıldan itibaren diğer Aydınlanma societies practiced agriculture in the Amazon rainforest,
Dönemi düşünürlerinden daha etkili olmuştur. the region has been introduced as a place unsuitable
for the presence of human societies.
A) Immanuel Kant, who has been more influential than
any other Enlightenment philosopher since the 19th B) The Amazon rainforest, introduced as a place
century, constructed a system of reason in order to unsuitable for the presence of human societies, has
contribute to the emergence of empiricism and the been shown by recent studies to be a region where
natural sciences. various ancient societies practiced agriculture.
B) The reason why Immanuel Kant has been more C) The Amazon rainforest has been introduced as a place
influential than any other Enlightenment philosopher unsuitable for the presence of human societies;
since the 19th century is that he contributed to the however, several ancient societies have been reported
emergence of empiricism and the natural sciences with by new studies to practice agriculture in the region.
the system of reason he developed. D) Although the Amazon rainforest has been introduced
C) Thanks to his contributions to the emergence of as a place unsuitable for the presence of human
empiricism and the natural sciences through a system societies, new studies have revealed that some ancient
of reason he constructed, Immanuel Kant has been societies practiced agriculture in the region.
more influential than any other Enlightenment E) The Amazon rainforest has been introduced as a place
philosopher since the 19th century. unsuitable for the presence of human societies, but
D) Immanuel Kant has been more influential than any new studies suggest that various ancient societies
other Enlightenment philosopher since the 19th century practiced agriculture in the region.
because he constructed a system of reason which
contributed to the emergence of empiricism and the
natural sciences. 50. Klasik koşullanma, davranışçılık olarak bilinen
psikoloji ekolünde önemli bir kavramdır ve davranış
E) Immanuel Kant, who developed a system of reason, terapisinde kullanılan bazı tekniklerin temelini
contributed to the emergence of empiricism and the oluşturmaktadır.
natural sciences, which is why he has been deemed
more influential than any other Enlightenment A) Providing the basis for some of the techniques used in
philosopher since the 19th century. behaviour therapy, classical conditioning is an
important concept in the school of psychology known
as behaviourism.
B) Classical conditioning, which is a key concept in the

school of psychology known as behaviourism, lays the
foundation for some of the techniques used in
behaviour therapy.
C) Classical conditioning is an important concept in the

school of psychology known as behaviourism, and it
forms the basis for some of the techniques used in
behaviour therapy.
D) The school of psychology known as behaviourism sees

classical conditioning as an important concept, and
some of the techniques used in behaviour therapy are
based on it.
E) Classical conditioning is a fundamental concept in the

school of psychology known as behaviourism, and
some of the techniques used in behaviour therapy have
originated from it.
9
51. İlk medeniyetlerdeki nüfuslar yoğunlaştıkça ve 53. Roma, MÖ 509 yılında bir cumhuriyet hâline
kasabalar şehirleştikçe bazı insan toplulukları bir dizi geldiğinde, karar alma gücü bulunan bir grup yaşlı
yeni özelliklere sahip olmaya başladılar. devlet adamından oluşan Senato dâhil olmak üzere,
eski monarşik düzenin bazı unsurlarını korumuştur.
A) A series of new features emerged in some human
societies when populations grew in density and towns A) The Senate, a group of elder statesmen with decision-
turned into cities in early civilisations. making powers, was preserved even after Rome
became a republic in 509 BCE as some elements of
B) A range of new characteristics were developed in some
the old monarchical system were to be retained.
human societies in early civilisations as populations
became denser and towns transformed into cities. B) When Rome became a republic in 509 BCE, it retained
some of the elements of the old monarchical system,
C) In early civilisations, some human societies began to
including the Senate comprised of a group of elder
demonstrate a series of new characteristics as a result
statesmen with decision-making powers.
of populations increasing in density and towns growing
into cities. C) Rome became a republic in 509 BCE; however, certain
elements of the old monarchical system such as the
D) With populations becoming denser and towns turning
Senate, consisting of a group of elder statesmen
into cities in early civilisations, it was possible for some
having decision-making powers, was maintained.
human societies to develop a group of new features.
D) Although Rome became a republic in 509 BCE, it
E) As populations increased in density and towns grew
maintained some of the elements of the old
into cities in early civilisations, some human societies
monarchical system, including the Senate, a group of
began to take on a set of new characteristics.
elder statesmen with decision-making powers.
E) Preserving certain elements of the old monarchical

52. Kıtlıkların hâlâ meydana geliyor olması küresel ölçekli system such as the Senate, which included a group of
gıda eksikliğinin değil, gıdanın yerel dağıtımıyla ilgili elder statesmen having decision-making powers, Rome
olanlar da dâhil olmak üzere siyasi ve sosyal became a republic in 509 BCE.
sorunların bir sonucudur.
A) A global food shortage is not responsible for the fact

that famines still occur, which is rather caused by
political and social problems such as those linked to
local distribution of food.
B) Famines that still occur are a consequence of not only

a global food shortage but also political and social
problems associated with local distribution of food.
C) Although there is not a global food shortage, famines

still occur due to political and social problems such as
those resulting from local distribution of food.
D) The fact that famines still occur is not a consequence

of a global food shortage, but of political and social
problems, including those associated with local
distribution of food.
E) Political and social problems, including those related to

local distribution of food, are contributing to the fact that
famines do still occur, along with a global food
shortage.
10
54. - 59. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada anlam 56. The purpose of a library, whether paper or digital, is to
bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek cümleyi facilitate communication across space and time by
bulunuz. selecting, preserving, organising, and making
accessible documents of all kinds. ---- For example,
technological methods of information retrieval make it
54. Anthropology literally means the science of mankind. possible to index books at the level of chapters, or
The word was used in this broad sense in English for even at the level of sections and paragraphs. However,
several centuries. In the 18th century, and even for just as a paper library can provide too many books,
most of the 19th century, it was conceived as a digital libraries can provide an even greater
primarily physiological study, though there were overabundance of documents, chapters, and
always those who insisted that anthropology should passages.
study body, soul, and the relations between them. ----
A) Some digital library collections contain images created
What remained was primarily ‘cultural’ anthropology
with human effort.
and an emphasis on the variety of human societies.
B) Like all professions, librarianship offers specialties and
A) This meant an emphasis on primitive societies which
can be studied in a more comprehensive way. subspecialties.
B) It is usually impossible to study advanced societies in C) Digital libraries provide many opportunities to improve
detail and compare them with primitive ones. upon paper libraries.
C) After the discovery of the DNA in 1953, physical D) A library must have a collection of materials that carry
anthropology became more significant than it had ever information.
been.
E) People tend to associate the word ‘librarian’ with
D) This has often cast the anthropologist in the role of the anyone who works in a paper library.
defender as well as the interpreter of the values of
societies.
E) With the development of zoology, sociology, and

economics, anthropology lost a great deal of its
territory.
57. The world's longest river, stretching for about 6,400

55. Before World War II, Brazil was the leading world km from the African tropics to the Mediterranean Sea,
producer of many agricultural goods. Sugar, rubber, the Nile was a great source of life flowing through the
and coffee were important exports. Yet, price heart of ancient Egypt. With much of the country
variations in the world market for these commodities covered in inhospitable desert, civilisation grew up
left the Brazilian economy vulnerable. After the war,
along the river’s banks. ---- The Egyptians relied on it
the government succeeded in rapidly industrialising
for transportation and entertainment, and to plant their
the economy in order to diversify and decrease its
crops on its nutrient-rich banks.
dependency on imported goods. ---- However, the
country's growing prosperity was damaged by the A) Ancient people living along the Nile wore jewellery to
inflation caused by budget deficits. honour their gods.
A) The agricultural sector of Brazil represented a larger B) High rainfall near the Nile’s source would cause the
percentage of the gross domestic product than industry waters to rise rapidly.
before World War II.
B) Brazil became one of the only industrialised nations of C) The farming year in ancient Egypt began following the
South America and an important exporter of annual flooding of the Nile.
manufactured goods.
D) Pharaohs would ride on large ceremonial boats on
C) Besides economic factors, Portuguese and African important occasions along the Nile.
immigrants had a remarkable impact on the social life
in Brazil for a long time. E) Every aspect of ancient Egyptian daily life depended on
D) The government debt, which highly increased during the Nile.
the 1980s, was due mainly to the borrowing of new
money to implement economic plans in the country.
E) Major imports were machinery and equipment,
chemical products, oil, and electricity, most of which
came from the United States.
11
58. North America was an arena of conflict between British 59. In 1925, Le Corbusier, the Swiss-French architect
and French colonialism in the mid-18th century. The suggested demolishing the homes, statues, and
British victory in the French and Indian War of 1754-63 streets of much of Paris’s Right Bank. In their place, he
settled this issue in Britain’s favour, but proposed erecting 18 glass towers, divided by lawns
disagreements between Britain and its thirteen North for pedestrians and elevated highways for cars. ---- A
American colonies arose in the aftermath of the war. quote attributed to him leaves no doubt as to which
---- Escalating conflict led them to unite in declaring side he was on: “Progress is achieved through
independence in 1776 and, with French help, they experimentation; the decision will be awarded on the
defeated British efforts to suppress the rebellion, field of battle of the new."
which led to the establishment of the United States of
A) Le Corbusier contended that lovers of antique
America.
architecture and progressive thinkers were at war
A) Most colonists who had remained loyal to Britain left about how humans should live.
the country, many moving to Canada, which remained
B) Based on the need for security and housing, or other
in British hands.
facilities, most people preferred to move to a new
B) Born of an uprising against the British rule in 1776, the neighbourhood.
United States of America was a new kind of state
C) High-rise buildings similar to those envisioned by Le
embodying the principles of democracy.
Corbusier have recently been dotting various urban
C) The new United States had an initial population of districts across China.
around 4 million, similar in size to the population of
D) Le Corbusier was one of the pioneers of modernism in
Ireland at that time.
architecture and insisted on this extraordinary
D) The war was followed by a burst of economic growth suggestion.
that radically changed the nature of the United States
E) Some leaders suggested that we should live in dense
of America.
urban areas with public transit and walkable facilities.
E) Colonists disputing the right of the British Parliament to
impose taxes and duties on them staged rebellious
acts that provoked a repressive response.
12
60.- 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda 63. (I) The Aborigines have a belief system based on events
parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz. believed to have occurred in what is called the Dream
Time, in which mystic ancestors gave shape to the
landscape. (II) The events that occurred in the Dream Time
60. (I) Elizabeth I reigned as queen of England from 1558 to are considered to be sacred. (III) A form of communal
1603. (II) During that time, England began its rise to ceremony to imitate such events involves a dramatic ritual
become the empire ‘on which the sun never sets’. (III) In based upon this magico-religious tradition. (IV) There are
her reign, popular culture flourished; her court became a
records of white settlers enjoying the spectacle of scripted
focal point for writers, musicians, and scholars such as
plays by the Aborigines in the 19th century as a sort of
Shakespeare and Francis Bacon. (IV) Elizabeth inherited
novelty. (V) It consists of song cycles, dancing, and mime
an England that was troubled by inflation, bankruptcy,
in a cleared performance space, and the belief is that
disastrous wars, and religious conflict. (V) She also
performers are born with a gift for performing.
encouraged a spirit of free inquiry that in turn facilitated the
Scientific Revolution and the Age of Enlightenment. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
61. (I) Poultry, birds kept for their meat and eggs, have long
64. (I) When we are sleeping, there is a brain mechanism that
figured in human symbolism and legend. (II) Geese
stops the neural activity associated with dreaming from
supposedly saved ancient Rome from a surprise attack in
triggering speech or body movements, but this system is
the 4th century BCE by cackling loudly when the invaders
not perfect, and sometimes signals can get through.
tried to sneak up on the Capitol. (III) Pigeons were offered
(II) This can lead to mumbling and groaning, and
as sacrifices by the Hebrews of the Bible. (IV) The 16th-
sometimes even proper speech while sleeping. (III) There
century Flemish artist Pieter Bruegel the Elder used the
turkey as a symbol of envy in his series of paintings on the are laboratory experiments proving that stress can
seven deadly sins. (V) The chicken has always been one increase the likelihood of body movements during sleep.
of the most familiar domesticated animals since almost any (IV) The content of sleep talking can be complex and
family could afford to keep a hen. usually varies from person to person. (V) It may be
influenced by recent events in the sleeper’s life, but can be
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V strange and nonsensical.
62. (I) All governments have some laws requiring location and
protection of historic and archaeological sites, at least on
public lands. (II) Important historic buildings, objects, or 65. (I) There has been much discussion of the potential
archaeological sites are only a few of cultural resources of consequences of early bilingualism. (II) Historically, early
a nation. (III) Historic preservation specialists may work in bilingualism was seen as dangerous, leading to language
private foundations or government agencies to achieve disorders and language delay. (III) Bilingualism is often the
these goals. (IV) In addition, they work as lobbyists with product of second language learning after the first
legislators to improve laws or raise funds to protect sites. language has been acquired. (IV) Research has made
(V) Sometimes they spend more time raising money and
clear that early bilingualism may well bring cognitive
public awareness than digging operations.
advantages, particularly in domains such as helping
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V children understand the arbitrary nature of language
systems. (V) Nonetheless, such advantages are also small
– they are only a few months ahead of monolingual
children in accomplishing some tasks.
13
66. - 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. 67. According to passage, some parts of the city
having ancient heritage ----.
A) have lately undergone some restorations

There is only one Turkish word that a foreigner should
learn before visiting Gaziantep: fistık (pistachio). This B) attract tourists from all around the world
fast-paced and gourmet city is believed to harbour more C) have recently lost their past magnificence
than 180 pastry shops producing the world’s most
famous pistachio baklava. Other gastronomic treats are D) are now being renovated with extreme care to attract
also on offer for adventurous foodie travelers. On the more tourists
other hand, Gaziantep is also known for its historic E) were under risk of demolition before they were restored
places. Some of them, including the fortress, bazaars,
caravanserai and old stone houses, have been recently
restored. One of south eastern Anatolia’s gateways,
Gaziantep, formerly known as Aintab, has rarely been as
full of confidence and hope for the future as it is today
because it witnessed great conflicts and wars in history.
By the time the Arabs conquered the town in 638, the
Persians, Alexander the Great, the Romans and the
Byzantines had all left their imprints on Gaziantep. The
region was politically unstable until the Seljuk Turks
arrived from the east around 1070. It was later taken over
by the Ottomans in 1516 and has remained
68. It is clearly stated in the passage that before the arrival
predominantly populated by Turks since then.
of the Seljuk Turks, ----.
A) great empires fiercely battled with each other in an

effort to not surrender the city
66. According to the passage, Gaziantep's cuisine
B) the Byzantines had the most significant impact on
----.
Gaziantep
A) has always been popular among foodie travelers
C) Gaziantep was a region that lacked political stability
B) offers several different pastries made with pistachio
D) Turks mainly lived in regions neighbouring Gaziantep
C) is known worldwide for its pistachio baklava
E) the city suffered from serious political conflicts caused
D) includes authentic foods from diverse civilisations by the Arabs
E) has delicious dishes whose names tourists learn even

before visiting the city
14
69. - 72. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. 70. The author of the passage states that in Tolstoy’s
novels ----.
A) characters seek happiness in various fields of life,

having no satisfying and long-lasting outcomes
Do we all pursue happiness? Is happiness something that can
be chased and sometimes captured? The phrase ‘the pursuit B) the pursuit of romantic love as a means to attain
of happiness’ contains at least two major assumptions: firstly, happiness is ridiculed
happiness lies outside of us, out there in the world; and
C) though the promise of happiness is deceptive, some
secondly, it is elusive, requiring intention and effort to capture
characters could achieve it with ease
it. The novels of Leo Tolstoy explore these assumptions in
great depth. His books are filled with characters in feverish D) characters seek to achieve bliss although they are
pursuit of happiness in many different ways. Yet few, if any, aware of its temporary nature
manage to attain it. Indeed, his stories often portray tempting
E) joining battles is shown to bring happiness to soldiers
yet deceptive pathways that promise happiness but end with
in every aspect of life
disasters: soldiers seeking the glory of battle; young men and
women plunging into the insanity of romantic love; greed
addicts pursuing wealth, power, or status. They often
experience a temporary bliss, which then fades away, leaving
behind emptiness. True, sustainable happiness, as opposed to
temporary pleasure, is a state of well-being and the harmony
of all aspects of one’s life – especially in relationships. But the
more manically Tolstoy’s characters pursue happiness, the
more it escapes them. Hence the paradox in Tolstoy’s works is
that the pursuit of happiness seems to result in deep
unhappiness.
71. According to the author, the irony implied in Tolstoy’s

works is that ----.
69. According to passage the ‘pursuit of happiness’ as a
phrase ----. A) even though happiness is elusive in nature, it can still
be attained if there is the will to do so
A) means that one cannot really capture happiness
because it is not within people’s reach B) the more one tries to attain happiness, the more
sadness this chase leads to
B) indicates that few people make an effort to attain true,
sustainable happiness C) the harmony in one‘s relationships will not necessarily
bring sustainable happiness
C) constitutes part of human nature that one should seek
to attain through interaction D) the temporary bliss one feels later turns into intense
happiness
D) implies that happiness is an external concept that could
be chased and achieved E) feverish pursuit of happiness is always bound to cause
disasters in romantic love
E) is a title of one of Tolstoy’s novels where he explores
the nature of happiness
15
72. - 74. Soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. 73. It can be understood from the passage that the Royal
Swedish Academy of Sciences ----.
A) was initially meant to be a national association but now

Scientific academies and associations played a key role in the functions as an international one
development of science prior to the 20th century, providing a
way for scientists to meet with each other and sponsoring B) is a less active association than the Royal Society in
publications in journals and books as a way to disseminate the UK although it has more international members
scientific knowledge so that it could be shared by everyone. C) is like the Royal Society in the UK in many ways even
These roles have continued through the 20th century and into though it was founded much later
the 21st century. Scientific associations are usually found
organized along national lines or within scientific disciplines. D) is the most important international association that
The Royal Society in the United Kingdom, founded in 1660, is engages in media relations
the premier example of a national society; it has remained E) serves a remarkable function in the advancement of
vigorous, publishing journals, funding research, and electing international research
distinguished scientists to be fellows of the society. Other
prominent national societies have played more important
roles. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, for instance,
selects the winners of the scientific Nobel prizes and plays a
much stronger role in promoting research in different fields
and countries. National associations often function as a
method to promote interdisciplinary research, as do the
broader international associations. Today, almost every
scientific discipline has an association that also engages in
media relations, campaigns for funding and promotion of
science as a way to knowledge. One of the best ways for
historians to see that a scientific subdiscipline has been
successfully created is to look for the founding of the
accompanying association.
74. According to the passage, scientific associations ----.

72. The underlined word in the passage ‘disseminate’ is A) were initially founded for the quick circulation of
closest in meaning to ----. innovative interdisciplinary research
A) refute B) are a sign of successful establishment of a scientific
B) spread subdiscipline
C) possess C) are criticised by scientists unless they support

international and interdisciplinary research
D) substitute
D) should commit themselves to research to encourage
E) approve more Nobel prize winners
E) give priority to fund-rising and receiving support

through media relations
16
75. - 77. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. 76. It is stated in the passage that Japan ----.
A) is the only developed country that has a higher life

expectancy than the US
Life expectancy is the average number of years to be lived by
an individual or a population at a given age. The term is often B) is currently the country with the highest life expectancy
confused with a related term, life span, which refers to the age in the world
to which the longest-lived members of a species survive. The C) has been cooperating with countries in southern
life expectancy of a country has been shown to be related to its Europe to increase its life expectancy
socioeconomic development. Most countries that are classified
as ‘more developed’ have higher levels of life expectancy at D) does better on life expectancy at birth, but not overall
birth than most of the countries classified as ‘developing’. life expectancy
While the US has a high level of life expectancy compared to E) has witnessed a dramatic improvement in life
that of the developing countries of the world, it ranks quite low expectancy despite high mortality rates from heart
in life expectancy among developed countries. Japan and most disease
European countries including some in southern Europe have
higher life expectancies at birth than the US for both males and
females. In recent years, Japan has become the world leader
in life expectancy at birth. The success of the Japanese in
raising their levels of life expectancy has been due to large
declines in mortality from heart disease relative to other
developed countries.
77. The passage is mainly about ----.

75. We can infer from the passage that life expectancy ----.
A) the difference between life expectancy and life span
A) is a concept that developing countries pay more
attention to B) how to increase life expectancy in developing countries
B) is not as reliable as life span in evaluating the C) life expectancy differences across genders
socioeconomic development of a country D) international differences in life expectancy
C) is noted as the most important difference between E) socioeconomic causes and outcomes of life
developed and developing countries expectancy
D) could be used as an indicator of a country’s level of
socioeconomic development
E) refers to the age to which the longest-lived members of

a species can reach
17
78. - 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız. 79. The underlined word in the passage ‘unfounded’ is
closest in meaning to ----.
A) undeniable
It has been estimated that the average child in the US spends
more time each week watching TV than attending school. This B) irreversible
is of great concern, as a surprisingly large proportion of what C) respectable
children watch is violent. Saturday morning cartoons, for
example, present as many as twenty violent acts per hour. D) groundless
Despite this concern, the producers of violent programming E) threatening
have often continued to claim that children will not imitate
what they see in those programmes. This claim has sounded
unfounded to psychologists ever since Albert Bandura’s
classic ‘Bobo doll’ studies in the early 1960s. In his seminal
experiment, Bandura showed pre-schoolers a film of an adult
playing with a new toy, known at the time as a Bobo doll. The
adult in the film committed abuse on the toy in various ways,
punching it, kicking it, striking its head with a hammer, and
throwing other toys at it, all the while clearly enjoying herself.
The children were then led into a room with various toys in it,
including the Bobo doll. Children who had seen the film were
far more likely to beat up the doll than children who had not.
This prompted Bandura to describe a new type of learning
theory: social learning or modeling.
78. Children’s excessive exposure to TV in the US is 80. It can be understood from the passage that the
concerning because ----. experiment carried out by Albert Bandura is significant
----.
A) most of the children do poorly on school subjects
A) but it has not received the attention it deserves over the
B) there is not enough empirical evidence on how it
decades
affects children
B) because it was the first psychological experiment that
C) producers admit that children may act out what they
used toys
see on TV
C) since it was conducted in collaboration with producers
D) violence is present in much of the content children
of TV programmes
watch
D) although more and more evidence now is in
E) children mostly prefer violent TV shows to cartoons
contradiction with its findings
E) as it led to the development of a new type of learning

theory
18
28 MART 2021
YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER CEVAPLARI
1. A 21. A 41. E 61. E
2. D 22. C 42. B 62. B
3. D 23. A 43. B 63. D
4. D 24. B 44. D 64. C
5. A 25. E 45. A 65. C
6. B 26. C 46. D 66. C
7. E 27. A 47. A 67. A
8. C 28. D 48. D 68. C
9. D 29. C 49. E 69. D
10. D 30. D 50. C 70. A
11. B 31. E 51. E 71. B
12. C 32. E 52. D 72. B
13. D 33. D 53. B 73. E
14. B 34. C 54. E 74. B
15. B 35. B 55. B 75. D
16. A 36. B 56. C 76. B
17. D 37. B 57. E 77. D
18. B 38. A 58. E 78. D
19. C 39. E 59. A 79. D
20. B 40. B 60. D 80. E

Yökdil

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Yökdil

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

28 MART 2021 YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER

6. Millions of immigrants and refugees change homes

E) punishments 7. Native American tribes and nations ---- their own

3. The human face is a highly meaningful stimulus that

D) is having / may have been reached

18. ---- disagreements over the definition, meaning and

C) accordingly D) likewise 20. Our rapidly changing society necessitates continuous

C) in order that D) in case

21.- 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış 23.

A) Otherwise B) By comparison 25.

26. - 30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış 28.

E) Although archaeologists can reconstruct what early

E) these notions have been in existence since long before

E) Lack of access to food leads to undernourishment, a

41. Very few researchers have an interest in studying

39. The earliest examples of plant and animal

A) as domestication changed the natural behaviour and

B) although the domestication of their environment was a

C) instead, the domestication of plants and animals took

D) whereas domestication was one of the most

E) but the environmental effects of those lifestyle changes

E) Ağrının anatomisinin ve fizyolojisinin anlaşılmasındaki

B) Classical conditioning, which is a key concept in the

C) Classical conditioning is an important concept in the

D) The school of psychology known as behaviourism sees

E) Classical conditioning is a fundamental concept in the

E) Preserving certain elements of the old monarchical

A) A global food shortage is not responsible for the fact

B) Famines that still occur are a consequence of not only

C) Although there is not a global food shortage, famines

D) The fact that famines still occur is not a consequence

E) Political and social problems, including those related to

E) With the development of zoology, sociology, and

57. The world's longest river, stretching for about 6,400

A) have lately undergone some restorations

A) great empires fiercely battled with each other in an

E) has delicious dishes whose names tourists learn even

A) characters seek happiness in various fields of life,

71. According to the author, the irony implied in Tolstoy’s

A) was initially meant to be a national association but now

74. According to the passage, scientific associations ----.

C) possess C) are criticised by scientists unless they support

E) give priority to fund-rising and receiving support

A) is the only developed country that has a higher life

77. The passage is mainly about ----.

E) refers to the age to which the longest-lived members of

E) as it led to the development of a new type of learning

YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER CEVAPLARI

1. A 21. A 41. E 61. E

2. D 22. C 42. B 62. B

3. D 23. A 43. B 63. D

4. D 24. B 44. D 64. C

5. A 25. E 45. A 65. C

6. B 26. C 46. D 66. C

7. E 27. A 47. A 67. A

8. C 28. D 48. D 68. C

9. D 29. C 49. E 69. D

10. D 30. D 50. C 70. A

11. B 31. E 51. E 71. B

12. C 32. E 52. D 72. B

13. D 33. D 53. B 73. E

14. B 34. C 54. E 74. B