SEMINAR PROJECT

Construction of Rainwater harvesting

Pits and Drainage system

Presented by:-

VIRENDER KUMAR
20PGCEC17

Course: - Master of Technology Civil (Construction Management)

Semester: - 4nd SEM

Submitted: - Faculty Mr. Tauheed Rameez

 AIM AND OBJECTIVES

AIM: - Feasibility
and design of rainwater harvesting
system for power office Delhi.
OBJECTIVES:-

To determines the rainfall characteristics of area

To calculate the rainfall discharge
To find the rainwater potential and its relation
with groundwater
 To locate the different types of recharging
structures and propose design prototype for
each zone and each land use.

RAINWATER HARVESTING
The term Rainwater Harvesting is usually taken to
mean the immediate collection of rainwater
running off surfaces upon which it has fallen
directly. This definition excludes run off from land
watersheds into streams, rivers, lakes etc.

It included water that is collected within the

boundaries of a property from roofs and surfaces.
 NEED FOR RAIN WATER HARVESTING

Most of the rain failing on the surfaces tends to

flow away rapidly, leaving very little for the
recharge of groundwater. As a result most parts
of India experiences lack of water even for
domestic uses.
Hence the need for implementation of
measures to ensures that rain failing over a
region is tapped as fully as possible as possible
through rainwater harvesting, either by
recharging it into the groundwater aquifers or
storing it for direct use.
ADVANTAGES OF RAINWATER
HARVESTING

Augments groundwater table

Reduces runoff which chokes drains

and avoids flooding of roads

Provides self-sufficiency to water

supply and to supplement domestic
water requirement during summer
and drought conditions.

It reduces the rate of power

consumption for pumping of
groundwater. For every 1 m rise in
water level, there is a saving of 0.4
KWH of electricity.

In desert, where rainfall is low,

rainwater harvesting has been
providing relief to people.
 Structures generally
used

Pits: - Recharge pits are constructed

for recharging the shallow aquifer.
These are constructed 1 to 2 m, wide
and to 3 m. deep which are back filled
with boulders, gravels, coarse sand.
 Trenches: - These are constructed
when the permeable strata is available at
shallow depth.
Trench may be 0.5 to 1 m. wide, 1 to 1.5m
deep and 10 to 20 m. long depending up
availability of water. These are back filled
with filter materials.
Recharge wells: - Recharge wells of 100 to
300 mm. diameter are generally constructed
for recharging the deeper aquifers and water
is passed through filter media to avoid
choking of recharge wells.
 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

Three most important components, which need

to be evaluated for designing the rainwater
harvesting structure, are:-

• Hydrogeology of the area including nature

and extent of aquifer, soil cover,
topography, depth to water levels and
chemical quality of ground water

• Area contributing for runoff i.e. how much

area and land use pattern, whether
industrial, residential or green belts and
general built up pattern of the area

• Hydro-meteorological characters like

rainfall duration, general pattern and
intensity of rainfall.
ITEMS CONSIDERATIONS FOR CONSTRCTION
FOR DRAIN
ITEMS UNITS

Earth work in excavation by mechanical

means
(hydraulic excavator)/ manual means in CUBIC METERS
foundation trenches or drains (not
exceeding 1.5 m in width or 10 sqm on
plan) including dressing of sides and
ramming of bottoms, lift upto 1.5 m,
including getting out the excavated soil
and disposal of surplus excavated soil. as
directed, within a lead of 50 m. All kinds of
soil.
Providing and laying in position cement
concrete CUBIC METERS
of specified grade excluding the cost of
centring and shuttering- All work upto
plinth level 1:4:8 (1 Cement : 4 Coarse
Sand : 8 Graded stone agg. 40 mm
nominal size)
Providing and laying in position cement
concrete CUBIC METERS
of specified grade excluding the cost of
centring and shuttering - All work upto
plinth level-1:1.5:3 (1 Cement : 1.5 coarse
sand : 3 graded stone aggregate 20 mm
nominal size)
Centring and shuttering including strutting,
propping etc. and removal of form work for: SQUARE METERS
Retaining walls, return walls, walls (any
thickness) including attached pilasters,
buttresses, plinth and string courses fillets
, kerbs and step etc.

Reinforcement for R.C.C work including KILOGRAMS

straightening, cutting, bending, placing in
position and binding all complete. cold
twisted bars

Providing and fixing G.I. pipes complete with

G.I. METERS
fittings including trenching and refilling
etc. 80 mm nominal bore.
ITEMS CONSIDERATIONS FOR CONSTRCTION
FOR PITS
ITEMS UNITS

Boring/drilling bore well of required dia for casing/ METERS

strainer pipe, by suitable method prescribed in IS:
2800 (part I), including collecting samples from
different strata, reparing and submitting strata
chart/ bore log, including hire & running charges
of all equipments, tools, plants & machineries
required for the job, all complete as per
directionof Engineer-in-charge, upto 90 metre
depth below ground level. 300 mm dia

Supplying, assembling, lowering and fixing in METERS

vertical position in bor 150 mm dia well
unplasticized PVC medium well screen (RMS)
pipes with ribs, conforming to IS: 12818, ncluding
hire & labour charges, fittings & accessories etc.
all complete, for all depths, as per direction of
Engineer-in-charge.

Providing and fixing PVC cap / bail plug of EACH

approved quality and make as per direction of
Engineer- in- charge. 110mm dia.

Supplying, filling, spreading & leveling stone CUBIC METERS

boulders of size range 5 cm to 20 cm, in
recharge pit, in the required thickness, for all
leads & lifts, all complete as per direction of
Engineer-in-charge.

Supplying, filling, spreading & leveling gravels of CUBIC METERS

size range 5 mm to 10 mm, in the recharge pit,
over the existing layer of boulders, in required
thickness, for all leads & lifts, ll complete as per
direction of Engineer-in- charge.

Supplying, filling, spreading & leveling coarse CUBIC METERS

sand of size range 1. mm to 2 mm in recharge pit,
in required thickness over gravel layer, for all
leads & lifts, all complete as per direction of
Engineer -incharge.
RECHARGE STRUCTURES:-
DEPTH TO WATER LEVEL OF DELHI:-

oThe water table rises up and

down according to the time of
the month. Before monsoons it
is lower and after monsoons it is
higher.
oPre-monsoon Depth to water
level during 2011:20.58 mbgl.

oThe fluctuation in pre monsoon

and post monsoon ground
water level is approximately
0.6 mbgl.

o Master Plan 2001 was

formulated for an area of 100.4
sq. km, of which by 2001,
about 84.8 sq.km was
developed.
Master Plan and Land Use:-

o The existing land use of

Ghaziabad development area
(84.8 sq. km) shows that 60
percent of the land is under
residential use followed by
industrial areas.

oThe West Delhi Master Plan 2021

has been formulated to an area
of 155.54 sq. km.
 COST ANALYSIS

Cost of a Rainwater harvesting

system designed as an integrated
component of a new construction
project is generally low.

Designing a system onto an

existing building is costlier
because many of the shared
costs (roof and gutters) can be
designed to optimize system.

In general, maximizing storage

capacity and minimizing water use
through conservation and reuse
are important rules to keep in
mind.

With careful planning and design,

the cost of a rainwater system can
be reduced considerably.
Following steps are required for construction :-

Excavation 3.15 to 5 meters

Brickwork (330mm)
PCC 1:4:8
150MM Pipe inserted with 80meters boring :-
Plastering with Gravels filling
Slab Casting using 12mm bars

Channels supports-100X50
Harvesting Pit with Drainage system

Finishing with neat cement punning

 Rough Estimation of Construction
S.No Descriptions Amount

01 Overall Cost 18-23 lacs

02 Numbers of Pits 4
03 Size of Pits 3.15 X 4 M
04 Depth of Pits 4.50 M

05 Brick work 330mm

06 Reinforcement 12mm
CONCLUSION

The growing population and the rising demand

for water have put a great deal of pressure on
the natural resources. Underground water is
depleting at a very fast rate and soon there will
be shortage and scarcity of water all over the
globe. If artificial methods are adopted then
this problem can be solved. This report
elaborates in detail the need and solution for
the rainwater harvesting for the Indirapuram
area in Ghaziabad. Rainwater harvesting will
not only ensure flood control but it has other
benefits like ensuring a continues supply of
water, pollution control etc.
As per the discharge calculations for various
intensities of floods we can conclude that
rainwater in itself is not capable of
augmenting the groundwater water table. So
we need to employ rainwater harvesting
structures.
RECOMMENDATIONS
o Zone wise distribution of structures should
be done according to discharge
calculated to augment groundwater in the
area.

o Before construction of any building, proper

planning should be carried out such that a
watershed of the water bodies is not
disturbed.

o Apart from rainwater harvesting other

methods like recycling water should also be
used in every colony. This will ensure that
water from kitchen and wash basins is
being utilized again for irrigation and other
such practices

o Newer methods of water conservation

should be adopted and scientific research
should be encouraged for proper
utilization of water.