Irish Standard

I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003

Plastics — Injection moulding of test

specimens of thermoplastic materials —
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

Part 4: Determination of moulding

shrinkage (ISO 294-4:2001)

© NSAI 2003 No copying without NSAI permission except as permitted by copyright law.
 EN ISO 294-4:2003/AC:2011
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

The National Standards Authority of Ireland (NSAI) produces the following categories of formal
documents:

I.S. xxx: Irish Standard – national specification based on the consensus of an expert panel and
subject to public consultation.

S.R. xxx: Standard Recommendation - recommendation based on the consensus of an expert

panel and subject to public consultation.

SWiFT xxx: A rapidly developed recommendatory document based on the consensus of the
participants of an NSAI workshop.

EN ISO 294-4:1998 EN ISO 294-4:2003 16 May, 2003

EN ISO 294-4:1998 22 July, 1998

ICS number:
This document was published 83.080.20
under the authority of the NSAI
and comes into effect on:
16 May, 2003

1 Swift Square, T +353 1 807 3800 T +353 1 857 6730

Northwood, Santry F +353 1 807 3838 F +353 1 857 6729
Dublin 9 E [email protected] W standards.ie
W

Údarás um Chaighdeáin Náisiúnta na hÉireann

 I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN ISO 294-4:2003/AC

NORME EUROPÉENNE June 2011
Juin 2011
EUROPÄISCHE NORM Juni 2011

ICS 83.080.20

English version
Version Française
Deutsche Fassung

Plastics - Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials -

Part 4: Determination of moulding shrinkage - Technical Corrigendum 1
(ISO 294-4:2001/Cor 1:2007)

Plastiques - Moulage par injection des Kunststoffe - Spritzgießen von

This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

éprouvettes de matériaux thermoplastiques Probekörpern aus Thermoplasten - Teil 4:

- Partie 4: Détermination du retrait au Bestimmung der Verarbeitungsschwindung
moulage - Rectificatif technique 1 (ISO 294- (ISO 294-4:2001/Cor 1:2007)
4:2001/Cor 1:2007)

This corrigendum becomes effective on 15 June 2011 for incorporation in the three official language
versions of the EN.

Ce corrigendum prendra effet le 15 juin 2011 pour incorporation dans les trois versions linguistiques
officielles de la EN.

Die Berichtigung tritt am 15.Juni 2011 zur Einarbeitung in die drei offiziellen Sprachfassungen der EN
in Kraft.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members.
Tous droits d'exploitation sous quelque forme et de quelque manière que ce soit réservés dans le monde entier aux
membres nationaux du CEN.
Alle Rechte der Verwertung, gleich in welcher Form und in welchem Verfahren, sind weltweit den nationalen Mitgliedern
von CEN vorbehalten.
Ref. No.:EN ISO 294-4:2003/AC:2011 D/E/F
 I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003
EN ISO 294-4:2003/AC:2011 (E)

Contents Page

Foreword ..............................................................................................................................................................3
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

2
 I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003
EN ISO 294-4:2003/AC:2011 (E)

Foreword
This document (EN ISO 294-4:2003/AC:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61
"Plastics" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by
NBN.

Endorsement notice

The text of ISO 294-4:2001/Cor 1:2007 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 294-4:2003/AC:2011 without
any modification.
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

3
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.
I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003

This page is intentionally left BLANK.

 I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 294-4:2001

TECHNICAL CORRIGENDUM 1

Published 2007-11-15

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION • МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ • ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION

Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of

thermoplastic materials —
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

Part 4:
Determination of moulding shrinkage
TECHNICAL CORRIGENDUM 1

Plastiques — Moulage par injection des éprouvettes de matériaux thermoplastiques —

Partie 4: Détermination du retrait au moulage

RECTIFICATIF TECHNIQUE 1

Technical Corrigendum 1 to ISO 294-4:2001 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics,
Subcommittee SC 9, Thermoplastic materials.

Page 1, Clause 2

For the second of the normative references (ISO 294-3), insert the year of publication (2002) and delete the
footnote.

In addition, insert the year of publication throughout the document where appropriate.

Page 3, Subclause 4.1

In the fourth paragraph, change “parts 1 to 3 of this International Standard” to “parts 1 and 3 of this
International Standard”.

ICS 83.080.20 Ref. No. ISO 294-4:2001/Cor.1:2007(E)

© ISO 2007 – All rights reserved

Published in Switzerland
 I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003
ISO 294-4:2001/Cor.1:2007(E)

Page 5, Subclause 5.6.4

Correct Equation (1) to read:

–∆x ≈ 4h2/3x
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

2 © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved

 I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN ISO 294-4

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM February 2003

ICS 83.080.20 Supersedes EN ISO 294-4:1998

English version

Plastics - Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic

materials - Part 4: Determination of moulding shrinkage (ISO
294-4:2001)
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

Plastiques - Moulage par injection des éprouvettes de Kunststoffe - Spritzgießen von Probekörpern aus
matériaux thermoplastiques - Partie 4: Détermination du Thermoplasten - Teil 4: Bestimmung der
retrait au moulage (ISO 294-4:2001) Verarbeitungsschwindung (ISO 294-4:2001)

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 December 2002.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

© 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 294-4:2003 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
 I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003
EN ISO 294-4:2003 (E)

CORRECTED 2003-03-19

Foreword

The text of ISO 294-4:2001 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 "Plastics" of
the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO
294-4:2003 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 "Plastics", the secretariat of which is held by
IBN.
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2003, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2003.

This document supersedes EN ISO 294-4:1998.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of

the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
the United Kingdom.

Endorsement notice

The text of ISO 294-4:2001 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 294-4:2003 without any
modifications.

NOTE Normative references to International Standards are listed in Annex ZA (normative).

2
 I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003
EN ISO 294-4:2003 (E)

Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications

with their relevant European publications

This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of
any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to
applies (including amendments).
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

NOTE Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated
by (mod.), the relevant EN/HD applies.

Publication Year Title EN Year

ISO 294-1 1996 Plastics - Injection moulding of test EN ISO 294-1 1998
specimens of thermoplastic materials -
Part 1: General principles, and moulding
of multipurpose and bar test specimens

ISO 294-3 1996 Plastics - Injection moulding of test EN ISO 294-3 1998
specimens of thermoplastic materials -
Part 3: Small plates

3
 I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 294-4

Second edition
2001-12-15
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

Plastics — Injection moulding of test

specimens of thermoplastic materials —
Part 4:
Determination of moulding shrinkage
Plastiques — Moulage par injection des éprouvettes de matériaux
thermoplastiques —

Partie 4: Détermination du retrait au moulage

Reference number
ISO 294-4:2001(E)

© ISO 2001
 I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003
ISO 294-4:2001(E)

PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be
edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file,
parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area.

Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.

Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters
were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event
that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

© ISO 2001

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's
member body in the country of the requester.

ISO copyright office

Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [email protected]
Web www.iso.ch

Printed in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

 I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003
ISO 294-4:2001(E)

Contents Page

1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................................... 1
2 Normative references ....................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions ........................................................................................................................................ 2
4 Apparatus ......................................................................................................................................................... 3
5 Procedure ......................................................................................................................................................... 3
6 Expression of results ........................................................................................................................................ 6
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

7 Precision ........................................................................................................................................................... 7
8 Test report ........................................................................................................................................................ 7

Annex
A Reference points for length and width measurement........................................................................................ 8
Bibliography............................................................................................................................................................. 9

© ISO 2001 – All rights reserved iii

 I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003
ISO 294-4:2001(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 294 may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

International Standard ISO 294-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 9,
Thermoplastic materials.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 294-4:1997), which has been technically revised.

ISO 294 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of
thermoplastic materials:
— Part 1: General principles, and moulding of multipurpose and bar test specimens
— Part 2: Small tensile bars
— Part 3: Small plates
— Part 4: Determination of moulding shrinkage
— Part 5: Preparation of standard specimens for investigating anisotropy

Annex A of this part of ISO 294 is for information only.

iv © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

 I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003
ISO 294-4:2001(E)

Introduction
See ISO 294-1.

In the injection moulding of thermoplastics, the difference between the dimensions of the mould cavity and those of
the moulded articles produced from it may vary with the design and operation of the mould. Such differences may
depend on the size of the injection-moulding machine, the shape and dimensions of mouldings including any
restrictive action this may have on the shrinkage, the degree and direction of flow or movement of the material in the
mould, the sizes of the nozzle, sprue, runner and gate, the cycle on which the machine is operated, the temperature
of the melt and the mould, and the magnitude and duration of the hold pressure. Moulding and post-moulding
shrinkage are caused by crystallization, volume relaxation and orientation relaxation of the material and by thermal
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

contraction of both the thermoplastic material and the mould. Post-moulding shrinkage may also be influenced by
humidity uptake.

The measurement of moulding and post-moulding shrinkage is useful in making comparisons between
thermoplastics and in checking uniformity of manufacture.

The method is not intended as a source of data for design calculations of components. Information on the typical
behaviour of a material can be obtained, however, by carrying out measurements at different melt and mould
temperatures, injection velocities and hold pressures, as well as at different values of other injection-moulding
parameters. The information thus obtained is important in establishing the suitability of the moulding material for the
production of moulded articles with accurate dimensions.

© ISO 2001 – All rights reserved v

This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.
I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003
 I.S. EN ISO 294-4:2003
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 294-4:2001(E)

Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic

materials —
Part 4:
Determination of moulding shrinkage

1 Scope
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

This part of ISO 294 specifies a method of determining the moulding shrinkage and post-moulding shrinkage of
injection-moulded test specimens of thermoplastic material in the directions parallel to and normal to the direction of
melt flow.

For the determination of shrinkage of thermosets see ISO 2577 [2].

Moulding shrinkage as defined in this part of ISO 294 excludes the effects of humidity uptake. This is included in
post-moulding shrinkage and thus in total shrinkage. For cases when post-moulding shrinkage is caused by the
uptake of humidity only, see ISO 175 [1].

Moulding shrinkage as defined in this part of ISO 294 represents the so-called free shrinkage with unrestricted
deformation of the cooling plates in the mould during the hold period. It may be considered therefore as the maximum
value of any restricted shrinkage.

2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this part of ISO 294. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do
not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 294 are encouraged to investigate the possibility
of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest
edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid
International Standards.

ISO 294-1:1996, Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 1: General
principles, and moulding of multipurpose and bar test specimens

ISO 294-3:—1), Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 3: Small plates

1) To be revised. (Revision of ISO 294-3:1996)

© ISO 2001 – All rights reserved 1

 This is a free preview. Purchase the entire publication at the link below:

I.S. EN ISO 294-4 : 2003 : INC : COR 1 : 2011 : EN :

COMBINED PDF
This is a free 18 page sample. Access the full version online.

Looking for additional Standards? Visit SAI Global Infostore

Learn about LexConnect, All Jurisdictions, Standards referenced in Australian legislation

Need to speak with a Customer Service Representative - Contact Us