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ACEA Regulatory Guide 2021
ACEA Regulatory Guide 2021
It is with great pleasure that I present you ACEA’s Regulatory Guide, a unique
publication that provides a comprehensive overview of the national and international
regulations governing the automotive industry.
This first edition covers the regulatory frameworks of the European Union (EU),
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Gulf Cooperation
Council (GCC) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), as well as
countries such as Brazil, China, India, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan and Israel.
Looking at the many regulations that define how motor vehicles should be built
and approved, I cannot stress enough the importance of a harmonised regulatory
framework that allows for innovation and investment across our industry. Indeed,
the European automotive industry is one of the most heavily regulated sectors in
Europe with more than 100 EU Regulations and 80 Directives covering the sector’s
activities. That is why ACEA has long been advocating the need for smarter, rather
than simply more, legislation.
To give you an example, with over 50 different safety regulations in the EU, 77 at
UNECE level and 40 for the seven Gulf countries, the harmonisation of procedures
and standards is much needed to further advance the global objective of reducing
road fatalities to zero in the future. And the same applies to addressing the climate
change challenge of course; increased global harmonisation will allow us to get to
carbon-neutral mobility faster and more efficiently.
With the support of national and international regulators, the automotive industry is
fully committed to facing the challenges of today for a better tomorrow.
I hope that industry stakeholders and policy makers alike will find great added value
in this ACEA Regulatory Guide, the first of its kind in the world. I am already looking
forward to sharing the next edition which will include more countries
for an even more comprehensive overview.
Eric-Mark Huitema
ACEA DIRECTOR GENERAL
2
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1
DISCLAIMER
The information contained in this booklet is taken from various sources and is consolidated to the best of available knowledge
at the time of printing.
ACEA does not warrant that the information provided in this booklet is complete, accurate and in any case up to date.
Any liability for the use of the booklet content or accuracy of the content or accessibility of the booklet is excluded. Therefore,
ACEA is not liable for any special, consequential or indirect damages or any damages that may result from loss of use, data or
profits, arising in connection with the use of documents or information available from this booklet.
No warranty is given, either expressly or tacitly, for the completeness or correctness of the information in this publication or on
sources referred to in this booklet. Reproducing or publishing the document without consent of ACEA is prohibited.
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Safety
– external, internal, active
safety, operation,
occupant protection
Environment
– engine power, fuel
consumption, substances,
Yes:
emissions
regulation applicable
to type-approval
and spare parts
Technical
– technical requirements for Title or short description Relevant regulation(s) / No:
vehicles, components and of regulation / topic legal reference(s) regulation applicable
separate technical units to type-approval only
Empty cell:
no clear statement available,
Mixed needs to be checked
– diverse requirements,
other categories
Aftersales
– relevant for aftersales only
3
TABLE OF CONTENT
5
UNECE
13
EU
22
Brazil
34
China
57
India
65
South Korea
74
Japan
91
Taiwan
98
Israel
103
GSO – GCC Standardisation Organisation
110
Iraq
113
Saudi Arabia
118
United Arab Emirates
122
ASEAN – Association of Southeast Asian Nations
126
Indonesia
130
Malaysia
133
Myanmar
135
Philippines
139
Singapore
143
Thailand
148
Vietnam
4
UNECE
5
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 UNECE
The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) was set up in 1947 by the United Nations Economic and Social
Council (ECOSOC). Its main objective is to promote pan-European economic integration. It sets out norms, standards and
conventions to facilitate international cooperation within and outside the region.
Innovation, Competitiveness
Forests and Forest Industry
and Public-Private Partnerships
20 TECHNICAL ENVIRONMENT 11
MIXED 5
AFTERSALES 5
77 SAFETY
6
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 UNECE
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
7
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 UNECE
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
8
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 UNECE
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Mixed Rear marking plates for slow moving vehicles UN R69 Yes
Mixed Rear marking plates for heavy and long vehicles UN R70 Yes
Lateral protection
Safety UN R73 No
(goods vehicles and their trailers)
9
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 UNECE
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Retro-reflective markings
Safety UN R104 Yes
(heavy and long vehicles)
10
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 UNECE
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Unauthorised use
Technical UN R116 Yes
(anti-theft and alarm systems)
11
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 UNECE
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
12
EU
13
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 EU
EU INSTITUTIONS
Council of
European Parliament European Commission
the European Union
Together, these three institutions produce through the ‘Ordinary Legislative Procedure’ (ex ‘co-decision’) the policies and laws that
apply throughout the EU.
In principle, the European Commission proposes new laws, and the Parliament and Council adopt them.
The Commission and the member countries then implement them, and the Commission ensures that the laws are properly applied
and implemented.
ENVIRONMENT 12
36 TECHNICAL AFTERSALES 5
57 SAFETY
80
60
40
20
0
2001
2005
2006
2007
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2019
2020
14
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 EU
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Prevention of fire risks (liquid fuel tanks) Regulation (EC) No 2019 / 2144
Safety 3A No
(M, N, O category) UN R34
Door latches and door retention components Regulation (EC) No 2019 / 2144
Safety 6B No
(M1, N1 category) UN R11
Devices for indirect vision and their Regulation (EC) No 2019 / 2144
Safety 8A Yes
installation (M, N category) UN R46
Seats, their anchorages and any head Regulation (EC) No 2019 / 2144
Safety 15A No
restraints (M, N category) UN R17
15
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 EU
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Rear fog lamps for power-driven vehicles Regulation (EC) No 2019 / 2144
Safety 28A Yes
and their trailers (M, N, O category) UN R38
16
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 EU
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Safety glazing materials and their installation Regulation (EC) No 2019 / 2144
Safety 45A Yes
on vehicles (M, N, O category) UN R43
Safety 63 General safety (M, N, O category) Regulation (EC) No 2019 / 2144 Yes
17
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 EU
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Space for mounting and fixing rear Regulation (EC) No 2019 / 2144
Technical 4A No
registration plates (M, N, O category) Commission Regulation (EU) No 1003 / 2010
Pneumatic tyres for motor vehicles and their Regulation (EC) No 2019 / 2144
Technical 46B Yes
trailers (Class C1) (M1, N1, O1, O2 category) UN R30
18
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 EU
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
19
20
21
22
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Brazil
INMETRO CONTRAN
Brazilian Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology National Traffic Council
ANATEL ABNT
National Telecommunications Agency Brazilian Association on Technical Standards
DENATRAN
National Traffic Department
IBAMA CONAMA
Brazilian Institute for the Environment
National Environmental Council
& Renewable Natural Resources
AFTERSALES 6
28 TECHNICAL
ENVIRONMENT 31
50 SAFETY MIXED 10
25
20
15
10
0
1973
1974
1980
1985
1986
1987
1990
1992
1995
1996
1997
1998
2000
2001
2002
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
23
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Brazil
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Obligation to equip with Anti-lock Braking CONTRAN 380 / 2011 (amended by CONTRAN
Safety No
System (ABS) 596 / 16, 535 / 15 and 395 / 11)
Spare and temporary use wheels, Tyre Pressure CONTRAN 540 / 2015
Safety Yes
Monitoring System (TPMS) and run-flat tyres (amended by CONTRAN 719 / 17)
24
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Brazil
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
25
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Brazil
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Safety requirements
Road vehicles ABNT NBR 14400:2020
Child restraints
Steering equipment
Control of the direction of the energy
Safety ABNT NBR 7540:2016
absorber – Test method for determination
of characteristics
26
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Brazil
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
CONAMA 01 / 1993
Safety Replacement silencing systems
CONAMA 17 / 1995
CONTRAN 445 / 13
Strength of superstructure
Safety CONTRAN 629
(buses and coaches)
CONTRAN 644
CONTRAN 445 / 13
Buses and coaches
Safety CONTRAN 629
(Category M2 or M3 Vehicles)
CONTRAN 644
27
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Brazil
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Scope of application: headlight for high beam, CONTRAN 227 / 2007 (amended by CONTRAN
dimmed headlights, fog lights, reversing light, 294 / 2008 and 383 / 2011, superseded by
driving indicator (front, side, rear), brake / CONTRAN 667 / 2017 as of 01.01.2023)
Technical registration / limitation / tail / rear / fog / park No
/ outline marker lights, reflectors (front, side, CONTRAN 436 / 2013 (superseded by CONTRAN
rear), side marker / daytime running light / 667 / 2017 as of 01.01.2023)
turning light CONTRAN 761 / 2018
Technical Requirement for windscreen wiper and washer CONTRAN 224 / 2007 No
CONTRAN 24 / 1998
(amended by CONTRAN 581 / 16)
Requirement for structure of Vehicle
Technical CONTRAN 581 / 2016 No
Identification Number (VIN)
ABNT NBR 6066
DENATRAN Ordinance 17 / 2000
28
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Brazil
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
INMETRO 91 / 2009
Technical Dangerous goods transportation
INMETRO 457 / 2008
29
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Brazil
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
PROCONVE P7
CONAMA 403 / 2008
IBAMA Normative Instruction 04 / 2010
On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) requirements
Environment No
for heavy-duty vehicles
PROCONVE P8
CONAMA 490 / 2018
IBAMA Normative Instruction 20 / 2020
PROCONVE P7 and L6
CONAMA 01 / 1993
CONAMA 272 / 2000
PROCONVE L7 / L8
CONAMA 492 / 2018
Requirement for noise emission limits,
Environment CONAMA 01 / 1993 No
testing procedure and general requirements
CONAMA 272 / 2000
PROCONVE P8
CONAMA 490 / 2018
CONAMA 01 / 1993
CONAMA 272 / 2000
30
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Brazil
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
CONAMA 16 / 1995
CONAMA 226 / 1997
CONAMA 315 / 2002
Arla 32 Requirements
Environment Diesel smoke and power No
HDV:
CONAMA Resolution 403 / 2008 (PROCONVE P7)
CONAMA Resolution 490 / 2018 (PROCONVE P8)
31
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Brazil
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
INMETRO 16 / 2013
INMETRO 252 / 2015
Mixed General requirements for product certification No
INMETRO 512 / 2016
INMETRO 282 / 2020
INMETRO 41 / 2018
Certification of automotive components for low
Mixed INMETRO 194 / 2019 Yes
volume production
INMETRO 472 / 2014
Passive tests must be performed with DE- Port. DENATRAN 190 / 2009
Mixed NATRAN/INMETRO witness. However, tests (amended by 124 / 2014, 247 / 12, 631 / No
performed in an accredited laboratory by the 11, 197 / 16, 009 / 18, 1556 / 18 and 346 / 20)
accrediting agency, which is signatory of ILAC,
exempt this DENATRAN/INMETRO witness.
32
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Brazil
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
33
China
34
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
ADMINISTRATION
SAMR
State Administration for Market Regulation
CNCA SAC
Certification and Accreditation Administration of China Standardisation Administration of China
CNAS
China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment
EXECUTION OF
CCIC CQC CCAP
THE CERTIFICATION China Certification
China Certification China Quality
Centre for Automotive
& Inspection Group Certification Centre
Products
AFTERSALES 3
57 TECHNICAL
ENVIRONMENT 56
MIXED 66
123 SAFETY
40
30
20
10
0
1992
1995
1996
1998
1999
2001
2002
2003
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
35
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
GB 17675-1999
Safety Requirement for steering system No
GB 7258-2017 / XG1-2019
36
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
GB 7258-2017 / XG1-2019
Safety Requirement for pedals
Chapter 10.1.2, 10.1.3
37
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
GB 7258-2017 / XG1-2019
Safety Requirement to equip with reflective vest
Chapter 12.15.2
38
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
GB/Z 18333.1-2001
Safety Lithium-ion batteries for electric road vehicles
GB/T 18333.2-2015
39
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
GB/T 31467.3-2015
GB/T 31485-2015
Safety Safety requirements for traction batteries
(both to be superseded on 01.01.2021
by GB 38031-2020)
40
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
41
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
42
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
GB 15086 -2013
Requirement for locks and hinges CNCA-C11-10:2014 (abolished)
Safety Yes
for side doors (excluded from CCC certification per CNCA
Announcement No 44)
GB 15086
Requirement for locks and hinges CNCA-C11-10:2014 (abolished)
Safety Yes
for rear doors / flaps (excluded from CCC certification per CNCA
Announcement No 44)
GB 15083-2019
GB 11550-2009
GB 13057-2014
Requirement for CCC certification
Safety GB 8410-2006 Yes
of seats and head restraints
CNCA-C11-12:2014
(Self-Declaration per CNCA
Announcement No 44)
GB 14166-2013
Requirement for CCC certification CNCA-C11-04:2014
Safety Yes
of safety belts (Self-Declaration per
CNCA Announcement No 44)
GB 8410-2006
Requirement for CCC certification flammability CNCA-C11-09:2014 (abolished)
Safety Yes
of automotive interior materials (excluded from CCC certification per CNCA
Announcement No 44)
GB 20816-2006
Requirements for the certification CNCA-C19-01:2014
Safety Yes
of anti-theft alarm systems (excluded from CCC certification per
CNCA Announcement No 11)
GB 16897-2010
CNCA-C11-06:2014
Safety Requirement for brake hoses Yes
(excluded from CCC certification per CNCA
Announcement No 11)
GB 18296-2019
Requirement for safety and test methods CNCA-C11-11:2014
Safety Yes
for fuel tanks and their installation (excluded from CCC certification per CNCA
Announcement No 11)
43
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
GB 15742-2019
CNCA-C11-05:2014
Safety Requirement for horn components Yes
(excluded from CCC certification per CNCA
Announcement No 11)
Mandatory installation
Safety GB 7258-2017 / XG1-2019 Yes
of an event data recorder
GB 27887-2011 / XG1-2019
Safety Restraining devices for child occupants Yes
CNCA-C22-03:2014
GB 15084-2013
Requirement for CCC certification CNCA-C11-08:2014
Safety Yes
rear-view mirrors (Self-Declaration per
CNCA Announcement No 44)
GB 9656-2003
CNCA-04C-028:2006
Requirements for CCC certification
Safety CNCA-C13-01:2014 Yes
and type approval of safety glass
(Self-Declaration per
CNCA Announcement No 44)
44
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
GB 7258-2017 / XG1-2019
Technical Requirements for fanfare
Chapter 8.6.1
GB 24545-2019
Technical Requirement for speed limiter
GB 7258
45
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
46
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
CCC REGULATIONS
Announcement on reform and adjustment of the CCC catalogue and implementation method:
CNCA 2018 Announcement No 11, CNCA 2018 Announcement No 29
Implementing Regulation CNCA-C11-01:2014
CNCA-C11-01:2020 and Standards Mandated for CCC by GB 7258
GB 7258-2017 / XG1-2019
Technical Requirement for windscreen Yes
(Chapter 11.9)
GB 11564
CNCA-C11-07:2014
Technical Deletion CCC certificate rear retro reflector Yes
(excluded from CCC certification per CNCA
Announcement No 29)
CNCA-02C-058:2005
Requirements for CCC certification
(Self-Declaration per Yes
of exterior lighting and light-signaling device
CNCA Announcement No 44)
GB 7258-2017 / XG1-2019
Requirement for lighting equipment Yes
(Chapter 8.3)
GB 4599-2007
CNCA-C11-20:2020 &
Requirements for photometric characteristics
GB 7258
of halogen headlamps (driving beam, passing Yes
(Self-Declaration)
beam)
CNCA-C11-07:2014
CQC-C1107-2014
GB 4660-2016
CNCA-C11-20:2020
(Self-Declaration)
Requirements for the photometric
CNCA-C11-07:2014 Yes
performance of front fog lamps
CQC-C1107-2014
(class B approvals not permitted
Technical as of 01.01.2022)
GB 4785-2019
Requirements for the installation of lighting CNCA-C11-20:2020 and GB 7258
Yes
and light-signalling devices (Compliance with 2009 and 2019 allowed
for CCC)
GB 5920-2019
Requirements for photometric characteristics
CNCA-C11-20:2020 and GB 7258
of front and rear position lamps, end-outline
(Self-Declaration) Yes
marker lamps and stop lamps for motor
CNCA-C11-07:2014
vehicles and their trailers
CQC-C1107-2014
GB 11554-2008
Requirements for photometric characteristics CNCA-C11-01:2020
of rear fog lamp for power-driven vehicles Component – Self DoC required Yes
and their trailers CNCA-C11-07:2014
CQC-C1107-2014
47
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
CCC REGULATIONS
Announcement on reform and adjustment of the CCC catalogue and implementation method:
CNCA 2018 Announcement No 11, CNCA 2018 Announcement No 29
Implementing Regulation CNCA-C11-01:2014
CNCA-C11-01:2020 and Standards Mandated for CCC by GB 7258
GB/T 30511-2014
CNCA-C11-01:2020 and GB 7258
Requirement for photometric characteristics
Technical Component – Self DoC required Yes
of turning lights
CNCA-C11-07:2014
CQC-C1107-2014
GB 23255-2019
Requirements for photometric CNCA-C11-20:2020
Technical characteristics of daytime running lights Self DoC Yes
for power driven vehicles (Compliance with 2009 and 2019
allowed for CCC)
QC/T 29090-1992
QC/T 44-2009
Requirement for wiper motor CQC 16-461111-20101-2010 Yes
(excluded from CCC certification
per CNCA Announcement No 11)
GB 15085-2013
Technical Requirement for windshield wipers CNCA-V01-033:2003
Yes
and washer systems (excluded from CCC-Certification
per CNCA Announcement Nr. 11)
GB 15085-2013
CNCA-V01-034:2003
Requirement for windshield washer Yes
(excluded from CCC certification
per CNCA Announcement No 11)
GB 11564-2008
CNCA-C11-01:2020
(Retro reflectors combined with
other lamps must use Self DoC
Requirements for photometric characteristics
Technical for Compliance) Yes
of retro-reflector device for motor vehicles
CNCA-C11-07:2014
CQC-C1107-2014
CQC16-491286-2018
CCAP-GZ-4135-2018
GB 23254-2009
Technical Retro-reflective markings for trucks and trailers Yes
CNCA-C11-01:2020
GB 15235-2007
CNCA-C11-01:2020
Requirements for photometric characteristics
Technical Component – Self DoC required Yes
of reversing lamps for power-driven vehicles
CNCA-C11-07:2014
CQC-C1107-2014
GB 17509-2008
Requirements for photometric performance CNCA-C11-01:2020
Technical of direction indicator lamps for motor vehicles Component – Self DoC required Yes
and their trailers CNCA-C11-07:2014
CQC-C1107-2014
48
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
CCC REGULATIONS
Announcement on reform and adjustment of the CCC catalogue and implementation method:
CNCA 2018 Announcement No 11, CNCA 2018 Announcement No 29
Implementing Regulation CNCA-C11-01:2014
CNCA-C11-01:2020 and Standards Mandated for CCC by GB 7258
GB 18408-2015
Requirements for photometric characteristics CNCA-C11-01:2020
Technical of illumination of rear registration plates of Component – Self DoC required Yes
motor vehicles and their trailers CNCA-C11-07:2014
CQC-C1107-2014
GB 18409-2013
Requirements for the photometric CNCA-C11-01:2020
Technical characteristics of parking lamps Component – Self DoC required Yes
for power-driven vehicles CNCA-C11-07:2014
CQC-C1107-2014
GB 18099-2013
Requirements for photometric characteristics CNCA-C11-01:2020
Technical of side marker lamps for motor vehicles Component – Self DoC required Yes
and their trailers CNCA-C11-07:2014
CQC-C1107-2014
GB 21259-2007
Requirements for photometric performance CNCA-C11-01:2020
Technical of headlamps equipped with gas-discharge Component – Self DoC required Yes
light sources (driving beam / dipped beam) CNCA-C11-07:2014
CQC-C1107-2014
GB 25991-2010
CNCA-C11-01:2020 and GB 7258
Requirements for headlamps with LED light
Technical Component – Self DoC required Yes
sources / modules (main beam / dipped beam)
CNCA-C11-07:2014
CQC-C1107-2014
GB/T 30036-2013
CNCA-C11-01:2020
Technical Requirement for adaptive front-lighting system Component – Self DoC required Yes
CNCA-C11-07:2014
CQC-C1107-2014
49
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
GB 7258-2017 / XG1-2019
Environment Requirement for the position of the exhaust pipe
(Chapter 12.15.7)
GB/T 18697-2002
Environment Requirement for interior noise
GB 7258
50
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
GB 27999-2019
(Compliance with 2014 or 2019
Environment Requirement for fuel consumption / CO2
rules allowed for CCC)
GB 19578-2014
Test method for light-duty vehicle fuel GB/T 19233-2008 (to be superseded on
Environment
consumption 01.01.2021 by GB/T 19233-2020)
GB 15742-2019
CNCA-C11-01:2020
(Horns are exempt from component CCC
Requirements for the minimum sound pres-
but suppliers should apply for voluntary
Environment sure level and test methods of horn for motor
certification from CCAP or CQC).
vehicles
CNCA-C11-05:2014
CCAP-SB-3721-2018
CQC16-491283-2018
51
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
52
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
GB 7258-2017 / XG1-2019
Mixed Requirement for High Voltage (HV) systems
Chapter 12.13.3, 12.13.6, 12.13.7
GB/T 31467.1-2015
Tolerance limits for high-voltage memory
Mixed GB/T 31467.2-2015
and delimiting characteristics
GB/T 31467.3-2015 / XG1-2017
53
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
GB/T 18411-2018
Mixed Requirement for type plate GB 7258-2017 / XG1-2019
(Chapter 4.1.2)
Mixed Requirement for first aid kit State Council Decree No 276
Mixed Coupling balls for caravans and light trailers GB/T 25980-2010
54
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Aftersales CNCA supplement for small volume imports CNCA 2008 Announcement No 38 Yes
55
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 China
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
CCC REGULATIONS
Announcement on reform and adjustment of the CCC catalogue and implementation method:
CNCA 2018 Announcement No 11, CNCA 2018 Announcement No 29
Implementing Regulation CNCA-C11-01:2014
CNCA-C11-01:2020 & Standards Mandated for CCC by GB 7258
GB/T 3730.1-2001
GB/T 17350-2009
Requirement for parts marking
Mixed GB 7258-2017 / XG1-2019 Yes
of type approval relevant parts
GB/T 15089-2001
CNCA-C11-01:2014
56
India
57
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 India
MVA CMVR
Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989
CMVR-TSC
CMVR – Technical Standing Committee
Leading Automotive Transport Engineering
R&D Organisation Department (TED) ADVISES ON TECHNICAL
ASPECTS RELATED TO CMVR
ARAI BIS
Automotive Research Bureau of Indian Central Agency for Formulation & Implementation
Association of India Standards MoSRT&H
Ministry of Shipping, Road Transport & Highways
ENVIRONMENT 23
44 TECHNICAL
MIXED 34
53 SAFETY
20
15
10
0
1980
1986
1989
1993
1994
1995
1998
1999
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
58
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 India
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
IS-11948:2010
CMVR 1989, Chapter V, Rule 98
Safety Requirement for steering effort IS-12222:2011 No
CMVR 1989, Chapter V, Rule 98
GSR 1463 (E), Dt: 27.11.2017
IS-7079:2008 (Rev.03)
Safety Requirement for brake hoses No
Amd No 01
IS-15633:2005
Safety Requirement for tyres (PC, M1, M1G) Amd No 1, Import licensing requirement Yes
as per DGFT Notification No 12 / 2015-2020
CMVR 1989
Safety Requirement for condition of tyres No
Chapter V, Rule 94 (1), (2), (3)
AIS-120:2014
Safety Requirement for exterior projections No
Amd No 1
IS-13941:1994
Safety Requirement for wheel guards No
IS-13943:1994
Safety AIS-095:2007
Requirement for fuel tank (metal) Amd No 1 No
S.O. 6108, Dt: 10.12.2018
59
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 India
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
AIS-075:2006
Safety Protection against unauthorised use No
Amd No 1 and 2
AIS-076:2007
Safety Requirement for anti-theft alarm system
Amd No 1 and 2
AIS-035:2006
Safety Requirement for arrangement of foot controls No
Amd No 1 and 2
AIS-145:2018
Deactivation of child lock
Safety Amd No 1 and 2 No
for commercially used vehicles
GSR 1483 (E), Dt: 07.12.2017
AIS-145:2018
Requirement for manual override
Safety Amd No 1 and 2 No
for central locking system
GSR 1483 (E), Dt: 07.12.2017
IS-15140:2003
Safety Requirement for restraint systems No
Amd No 1
IS-15140:2003
Safety Requirements for safety belts No
Amd No 1
AIS-072:2009
Safety Requirement for child restraint systems No
GSR 1483 (E), Dt: 07.12.2017
AIS-099:2008
Safety Requirement for side impact No
Amd No 1, 2 and 3
AIS-145:2018
Safety Requirement for equipment with driver airbag Amd No 1 and 2 No
GSR 1483 (E), Dt: 07.12.2017
60
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 India
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Technical Requirement for rear fog lights AIS-012 (Part 2) (Rev 1): 2011 No
Technical Requirement for turning lights AIS-012 (Part 3) (Rev 1): 2011 No
Requirement for limiting lights, stop lights AIS-012 (Part 6) (Rev 1): 2011
Technical No
and outline marker lights Amd No 1
AIS-022:2001, Amd No 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Technical Mandatory equipment with warning triangle
CMVR 1989, Chapter VI, Rule 138
61
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 India
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
AIS-137:2019 (Part 3)
CMVR 1989, Rule 115 (18)(i), (2)(i), 115G (1)
Introduction of emission standard BS VI
Environment and (2) No
< GVW 3,500kg
GSR 889 (E), GSR 954 (E), GSR 1461 (E), GSR 103
(E)
62
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 India
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
AIS-037:2004, Amd No 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Procedures for type-approval and conformity
Environment CMVR 1989, Chapter V, Rule 124(A) Yes
assessment of component production
GSR 784 (E), Dt: 12.11.2008
IS-14272:2011
Mixed Requirement for vehicle classes No
GSR 1152 (E), Dt: 11.12.2018
Requirements for emissions test procedure CMVR 1989, Chapter V, Rule 93 (1), (2), (4), (6), (7)
Mixed No
(weight India) IS-9211:2003
Mandatory equipment with speed limiter CMVR 1989, Chapter V, Rule 118
Mixed No
for commercial vehicles AIS-018:2001, Amd No 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
63
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 India
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
AIS-065:2005, Amd No 1, 2, 3
Requirement for Vehicle Identification Number
Mixed CMVR 1989, Chapter V, Rule 122 No
(VIN), production date and engine number
GSR 590 (E), Dt: 02.06.1989
NFAP-18
Mixed National frequency allocation plan, 2018 No
As per Ministry of telecommunication updates
64
South Korea
65
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 South Korea
NEW CAR HOMOLOGATION POST MANAGEMENT MINISTRY SUBSIDIARY-ACTING BODY SUBSIDIARY-THINK TANK
CO2 CO2
AFTERSALES 16
50 TECHNICAL
ENVIRONMENT 42
65 SAFETY MIXED 18
20
15
10
0
2001
2003
2005
2006
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2022
2023
66
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 South Korea
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
KMVSS Art 15
Safety Requirement for braking capability No
KMVSS Art 90.1
Safety Requirement for pneumatic tyres KMVSS Art 12 (1) (2011) Yes
Safety Requirement for blow out test for wheels / tyres KMVSS Art 88-2 (2016) No
Requirement for interior fittings – sun visor KMVSS Art 101 (2016) No
67
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 South Korea
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
KMVSS Art 24
Elimination of the minimum seat cushion KMVSS Art 25
Safety No
width for new types KMVSS Art 25 (2)
KMVSS Art 97
Safety Requirement for belt warner KMVSS Art 27 (4) (2021 / 2022) No
Safety Requirement for safety belt anchorages KMVSS Art 103 (2012) No
Safety Requirement for mounting of windscreen KMVSS Art 105 (2) (2006) No
Safety Requirement for pole side impact, World-SID KMVSS Art 102-(4) (2022) No
68
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 South Korea
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Safety Requirement for door impression resistance KMVSS Art 104 (1) (2003) No
KMVSS Art 51
Safety Requirement for defrosting and demisting No
KMVSS Art 109, table 30
69
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 South Korea
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
KMVSS Art 38
Requirement for lighting and signalling system:
KMVSS Art 48, §3
head lamp
KMVSS Art 106, Item 1
Requirement for lighting and signalling system: KMVSS Art 43, §2, §3
centre high mounted stop lamp KMVSS Art 106, Item 8
Requirement for lighting and signalling system: KMVSS Art 49, §1, §2
retro-reflection devices KMVSS Art 107
70
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 South Korea
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
71
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 South Korea
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Environment Control standard for indoor air quality MOLIT Not 2013-889 No
72
* KMVSS table 4: KMVSS (Table 4) Equivalent Standards for Manufacturer’s test report (Article 4) -
Not allowed to choose between EEC/EEC and FMVSS regulations while stating compliance of overall vehicle
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 South Korea
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Requirement for Vehicle Identification MVMA 2019 (Motor Vehicle Management Act)
Mixed No
Number (VIN) Art 22-23
Aftersales Safety belts KMVSS Art 112-3 containing table 16 (2013) Yes
Aftersales Rear marking plates for heavy and long vehicles Harmonised with UN R70 Yes
Aftersales Rear marking plates for slow-moving vehicles Harmonised with UN R69 Yes
73
Japan
74
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
DEVELOPS DRAFTS
COORDINATES AND PUBLISHES
ENVIRONMENT 73
193 TECHNICAL
MIXED 14
229 SAFETY
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
75
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
TRIAS 12-R139-01
Ordinance No 7
Announcements No 88 and 89
Safety Testing of brake assist systems No
Announcement No 1395
Announcement No 52
Harmonised with UN R139
TRIAS 12-R140-01
Ordinance No 7
Announcements No 88 and 89
Testing of Electronic Stability
Safety Announcement No 1175 No
Control systems (ESC)
Announcement No 1395
Announcement No 52
Harmonised with UN R140
TRIAS 12-J010-01
Safety Brake system for commercial vehicles TRIAS 12-R013-02
Harmonised with UN R13
TRIAS 09-R064-02
Ordinance No 54,
Announcements No 675 and 676
Announcement No 1048
Safety Requirement for temporary use spare tyres No
Ordinance No 7
Announcements No 88 and 89
Announcement No 52
Harmonised with UN R64
76
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
TRIAS 09-R117-01
Ordinance No 74
Announcements No 1048 and 1049
Testing of tyres regarding rolling
Kokujikan No 136-2
Safety sound emission and / or adhesion No
Announcement No 226
on wet surfaces and / or roll resistance
Announcement No 88
Announcement No 52
Harmonised with UN R117
TRIAS 09-R141-01
Testing of Tyre Pressure Monitoring Systems Ordinance No 7
Safety
(TPMS) Announcements No 88 and 89
Harmonised with UN R141
TRIAS 09-R142-01
Ordinance No 7
Testing of pneumatic tyres mounted on motor Announcements No 88 and 89
Safety No
vehicles Kokujigi No 226-2
Announcement No 1175
Harmonised with UN R142
Safety Testing of light metal - disc wheels TRIAS 09-J002-02 (Attachment 2) (2012) No
TRIAS 18-J099(1)-01
TRIAS 18-J099(2)-01 (2018 / 2019)
Safety Pedestrian head and leg protection verification No
TRIAS 18-R127-01
Harmonised with UN R127
TRIAS 18-R127-X
Safety Test specification for active front flaps No
based on GTR 9
77
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
TRIAS 25-R011-01
Safety Testing of door locks and door suspensions TRIAS 25-J036-01 No
Harmonised with UN R11
TRIAS 20-R021-01
Safety Requirement for interior fittings No
Harmonised with UN R21
TRIAS 22(4)-J034R025-01
Safety Requirement for head restraints No
Harmonised with UN R25
TRIAS 22(3)-R014-01
TRIAS 22(5)-R014-02
Safety Seat belt anchorage
TRIAS 22(3)-J031-01
Harmonised with UN R14
22(5)-R044-01,
22(5)-R014-02 (ISOFIX),
Safety Crash Recovery System (CRS)
22(5)-R016-02 (ISOFIX CRS load ability)
Harmonised with UN R44, R 129
78
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
TRIAS 22(5)-R145-01
Safety CRS Installation
Harmonised with UN R145
Safety Requirement for signal torch Safety Regulation Art 43-2 (2006) No
TRIAS 18-J023(1)-01
Testing of occupants protection and fuel TRIAS 18-J023(2)-01 (2011)
Safety No
tank tightness in the event of frontal collision Announcements No 723 and 724
Kokujigi No 47-2
79
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
TRIAS 18-J024R095-01
Safety Side Collision TRIAS 18-R095-02
Harmonised with UN R95
Stability
TRIAS 05-001-02
Requirements for overturn angles for vehicles
Safety TRIAS 05-002-01
whose gravity point is lower when loaded than
Announcement No 675
when unloaded: 35° 30°
TRIAS 12-J113-01
Advanced Emergency Braking System (AEBS) TRIAS 12-R131-02
Safety
for passenger cars and trucks TRIAS 12-R152-01
Harmonised with UN R131, UN R152
TRIAS 17(2)-J110-01
TRIAS 17(2)-J111(1)-0
TRIAS 17(2)-J111(2) -02
TRIAS 17(2)-R012-02
Safety Electric safety TRIAS 17(2)-R094-02
TRIAS 17(2)-R095-02
TRIAS 17(2)-R100-01
TRIAS 17(2)-J101-01
Harmonised with UN R100
80
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
TRIAs 18(2)-J025-01
TRIAS 18(2)-J026-01
Safety Rear Underrun Protection Devices (RUPD) TRIAS 18(2)-R058(1)-01
TRIAS 18(2)-R058(2)-02
Harmonised with UN R58
TRIAS 18(2)-J107R093-01
Safety Front Underrun Protection Devices TRIAS 18(2)-J108R093-01
Harmonised with UN R93
Seats
TRIAS 22-J030-01
(Seats that are installed facing backwards
TRIAS 22-R017-01, 22-J030-01
excluded from the scope)
TRIAS 22-R080(1)-02 (bus single-unit)
- Requirements for folding seats
TRIAS 22-R080(2)-02 (bus vehicle)
- Requirements for luggage compartment
Safety Announcement No 675
- Clarification of requirements on damage
Announcements No 226 and 227
to seatbelt components after conducting
Ordinance No 8, Announcement No 68,
luggage compartment partition strength tests
Kokujigi No 26
- Applicable to buses and trucks
Announcement No 640
- Test procedures for side-facing seats
TRIAS 22(3)-R016(3)-03
Safety Seat belt reminder
Harmonised with UN R16
TRIAS 43(5)-J078R097R116-01
Safety Theft prevention device
Harmonised with UN R116
TRIAS 43(6)-R130-01
Safety Lane Departure Warning System (LDWS)
Harmonised with UN R130
81
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
TRIAS 32-J055R045-01
Technical Headlamp cleaner TRIAS 32-J056R045-01
Harmonised with UN R45
Maneuvering lamp
TRIAS 33(3)-R023-02
Harmonised with UN R23
Technical Adoption of R148, integrating UN Regulations
Ordinance No 40
for light signalling devices (R4, R7, R23, R38,
Announcement No 714
R50, R77, R87, R91)
82
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
83
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Backup lamp
TRIAS 40-J072R023-01
Harmonised with UN R23
Technical Adoption of R148, integrating UN Regulations
Ordinance No 40
for light signalling devices (R4, R7, R23, R38,
Announcement No 714
R50, R77, R87, R91)
Direction-indicator lamp
TRIAS 41-J073R006-01
Harmonised with UN R6
Technical Adoption of R148, integrating UN Regulations
Ordinance No 40
for light signalling devices (R4, R7, R23, R38,
Announcement No 714
R50, R77, R87, R91)
TRIAS 41-J073R006-02
Technical Testing of direction indicator lamps No
Harmonised with UN R6
TRIAS 32-J055-R045-01
Technical Requirement for headlamp cleaning systems No
TRIAS 32-J056-R045-01
TRIAS 29-R043(1)-02
Technical Requirement for safety glass TRIAS 29-R043(2)-01 No
Harmonised with UN R43
84
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Requirement for in-vehicle display systems JAMA Guidelines for In-vehicle Display Systems
Technical No
(Human Machine Interface) - Vers 3.0
TRIAS 17-J100-01
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles (HFCV)
17-GTR013(1)-01
Requirements for passenger cars with GVW
Technical 17-GTR013(2)-01
less than 4,540kg, fuelled by compressed
Announcements No 126 and 127
hydrogen gas, are harmonised UN GTR
Announcement No 1048
TRIAS 46-J088R039-02
Technical Speedometer and odometre
Harmonised with UN R39
TRIAS 09-J003R30-01
Announcements No 1437 and 1438
Tyre
Announcement No 89
Run flat tyre
Announcement No 206
Three-wheeler added for exempted vehicles
Announcement No 68
Application extended to include trucks
Announcements No 1048 and 1049
Technical with GVW of 3.5t or more
Kokujikan No 136-2
Abolish Technical Standards Attachment 3
Announcement No 88
and quote UN R30: Category M1
Announcement No 147
Abolish Technical Standards Attachment 3
Announcement No 1175
and quote UN R30: Category N1
Announcement No 52
Harmonised with UN R30
85
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
TRIAS 43-J074R028-01
TRIAS 43-J075R028-01
Technical Horns TRIAS 43-R028(1)-01
TRIAS 43-R028(2)-01
Harmonised with UN R28
TRIAS 09-J004R54-01
Announcement No 89
Announcement No 206
Announcement No 68
Tyre Announcement No 42
Three-wheeler added for exempted vehicles Announcements No 1048 and 1049
Technical
Application extended to include trucks Kokujikan No 136-2
with GVW of 3.5t or more Announcement No 226
Announcements No 88 and 89
Announcement No 147
Announcement No 1395
Harmonised with UN R54
TRIAS 11(2)-J007R018R116-01
Ordinance No 85
Announcement No 1217
Technical Locking device Announcement No 826
Announcement No 126
Announcement No 714
Harmonised with UN R18
Immobiliser
Voluntary installation
EMC test should be conducted based on R10 /
04: Vehicles with electric motors that can be
charged by external power supply
EMC test should be conducted based on R10 /
04: Vehicles other than those with electric
motors that can be charged by external power
supply
TRIAS 11(2)-J009R097R116-01
Technical Standards Attachment 9: Replace
Announcements No 1203 and 1204
‘Attachment 10’ with ‘R13’
Announcements No 725 and 726
EMC test should be conducted based on R10 / 05
Technical Announcement No 826
· Addition of devices using telecommunication
Announcements No 975 and 976
line to the definition of locking devices;
Announcement No 714
however, hardware designed and
Harmonised with UN R97
manufactured by non-vehicle manufacturers,
such as smartphones, is excluded from the
devices using telecommunication lines.
· When using the devices that use
telecommunication lines for the key, it is
necessary to prove that appropriate
measures are taken to prevent serious
problems due to unauthorised activities of
programs, etc.
86
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Environment Requirement for EVAP test procedure Safety Regulation Art 11-3-49 (2022) No
Environment Monitoring fuel consumption, Basis JC08 Energy Conservation Law (2020)
87
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
TRIAS 08-R085-01
TRIAS 99-014-01 (Benzin)
Environment Requirement for combustion engines TRIAS 99-015-01 (Diesel) No
TRIAS 99-017-02 (E-Motor)
(2011)
MLIT Ordinance No 85
Environment Completion inspection MLIT Announcement No 1168
(2019)
TRIAS 31-J042(2)-01
Environment Requirement for COP for fuel consumption TRIAS 31-J042(3)-01
(2016)
Fuel Standards
Diesel: Sulfur contained (0.005% 0.001%)
Gasoline: Sulfur contained (0.005% 0.001%) Announcement No 1513
Environment
E10 gasoline (Ethanol: over 3 volume % Announcement No 384
and 10 volume % or less; oxygen content:
over 1.3 mass % and 3.7 mass % or less, etc)
TRIAS 08-J001-01
TRIAS 08-001-01, 08-002-01
TRIAS 08-003-01, 08-003(1)-01
Environment Engine and powertrain system TRIAS 08-004-01, 08-005-01
TRIAS 08-006-01, 08-007-01
TRIAS 08-R085-01
Harmonised with UN R85
TRIAS 31-J042(2)-03
Gas emission for light-duty vehicles TRIAS 31-J042(3)-03
Environment
(3.5t or less) TRIAS 31-J042(4)-01
TRIAS 31-J119-01
88
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Fuel System
Addition of E10 gasoline specs to ‘Properties TRIAS 15-J016-01
Environment of Reference Fuel’ TRIAS 15-J017-01
Correction of standards for 50% distillation Announcement No 985
temperature to «Properties of Reference Fuel»
Fuel System
Addition of E10 gasoline specs to ‘Properties
of Reference Fuel’
Correction of standards for 50% distillation
temperature to ‘Properties of Reference Fuel’
Fuel System TRIAs15-R034(1)-01
Application of UN-R34 / 03 (Requirements TRIAS 15-R034(2)-01
for fuel tanks and pipes for automobiles and Announcement No 985
requirements for prevention of fuel leak from 15-R034(1)-01, 15-R034(2)-01
fuel tanks and pipes for passenger cars less Ordinance No 47
Environment
than 10 people and with GVW of less than 2.8t Announcements No 723 and 724
and trucks with GVW of less than 2.8t) Kokujigi No 47-2
Add requirements for fuel leak on collision Announcements No 826 and 827
by UN-R137, R94, R95 and R135 to the Details Announcement No 1121
Announcement Article No 18, Paragraph No 2 Announcement No 68
Change in vehicle speed for crash test in Annex
4 (38km/h 48-52km/h)
Revision to prepare provisions relating to fuel
tank protection in three official languages
(French, English and Russian)
89
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Japan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
TRIAS 17-R110(2)-01
Mixed CNG Vehicles
Harmonised with UN R110
90
Taiwan
91
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Taiwan
MOTC
Ministry of Transportation and Communications
SUPERVISES
VSCC
Vehicle Safety Certification Center
IMPLEMENTS
VSTD Certification
Vehicle Safety Testing Directions
ENVIRONMENT 13
45 TECHNICAL
MIXED 12
43 SAFETY
20
15
10
0
1980
2004
2010
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2023
2025
92
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Taiwan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
VSTD 2 (2025)
Safety Requirements for belt warning devices No
Chapter 2.7.1
Safety Requirements for Antilock Braking System (ABS) VSTD 43-2 (2020) No
Safety Requirement for door locks and hinges VSTD 51-2 (2023)
93
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Taiwan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Safety Rear marking plates for heavy and long vehicles VSTD 79 (2017)
94
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Taiwan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
VSTD 23-1
Technical Requirements for indirect vision
VSTD 23-2
95
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Taiwan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
96
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Taiwan
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Regulation A
Environment Requirement for consumption regulation No
Regulation B
Mixed Airbag warning label for sun visor VSTD 2 Chapter 2.8 (2017)
97
Israel
98
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Israel
Automobile Registration, Public Transportation, Training and Certification of Automotive and Transport Professionals
MoT
Ministry of Transport and Road Safety
DEVELOPED ACCORDING TO
European Community safety
and environmental directives
European Union Directives and regulation
IN COMPLIANCE WITH
6 MIXED ENVIRONMENT 1
SAFETY 8
39 TECHNICAL
40
30
20
10
0
1992
1995
1996
1998
1999
2001
2002
2003
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
99
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Israel
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
3821 / 85 / EEC
Recording equipment in road transport
Technical 165 / 2014 / EEC
(Tachograph) (M3, N2, N3 category)
amended by (EU) 2016 / 130, (EU) No 2018 / 502
Fuel type
Israeli Std 90 Part 2
Unleaded gasoline (M, N category)
Technical
Fuel type
Israeli Std 107 Part 1
Diesel engines (M, N category)
100
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Israel
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
SAE J994
Technical Reversing – Buzzer (M2, M3, N3, O4 category)
JSAE JASO D901
Electric vehicles
Israeli standard
Technical Electric vehicle conductive charging system :
61851-1
general requirements (M, N category)
Electric vehicles
Electrical cord extension set used for
Technical
the connection between the vehicle and
the charging station (M, N category)
101
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Israel
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Electric vehicles
Environment Energy consumption and range ECE 101
(M1, N1 category)
Mixed
(EU) 2018 / 858
Type approval of motor vehicles
amended by (EC) No 661 / 2009 up to (EU) No
and their trailers (M, N, O category)
2019 / 2144
Electric vehicles
External identification markings
Mixed
(in addition to the markings displayed
by the manufacturer) (M, N category)
102
GSO
GCC Standarsisation
Organisation
103
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 GSO
GSO facts
Established in 2005, the Gulf Standardisation Organisation (GSO) is a standardisation organisation and regulatory body for the
Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), whose members include all the Arab Gulf states (except Iraq).
Yemen is currently in negotiations for future GCC membership, and adheres to the Technical Regulations adopted by the GCC
countries.
GSO MEMBERS
QS BSMD
Qatar General Organisation for Standardisation Bahrain Standards and Metrology Directorate
KOWSMD ESMA
Kuwait Standards and Industrial Services Affairs Emirates Authority for Standardisation and Metrology
SASO DGSM
Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Organisation Oman Directorate general for Specifications & Measurements
15 TECHNICAL ENVIRONMENT 20
MIXED 12
40 SAFETY
12
0
1984
1988
1991
1993
1994
1996
1997
2000
2002
2003
2005
2006
2007
2008
2010
2011
2012
2015
104
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 GSO
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Safety
GSO 1707:2005
Part 3B: Moving barrier side impact
(In accordance to US standards)
GSO 1708:2005
Part 3C: Moving barrier side impact
(In accordance to European standards)
105
* Applicable for certification if the vehicle is designed for the seven Gulf countries
** Not applicable for certification
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 GSO
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Safety glasses -
GSO ISO 3538:1997
Test methods for optical properties
Speed limiters
Safety GSO 1626:2002*
Part 3: Methods of testing
106
* Applicable for certification if the vehicle is designed for the seven Gulf countries
** Not applicable for certification
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 GSO
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Speed limiters
Part 1: General limiters,
Technical GSO 1711:2005
equipment inspection, certification
and type approval
Speed limiters
Technical GSO 1625:2002*
Part 2: Technical requirements
107
* Applicable for certification if the vehicle is designed for the seven Gulf countries
** Not applicable for certification
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 GSO
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
108
* Applicable for certification if the vehicle is designed for the seven Gulf countries
** Not applicable for certification
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 GSO
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Environment Part 2: Element by-pass valve characteristics GSO ISO 4548- 2:2002**
Car upholstery
Mixed GSO 279:2005**
Testing methods of fabric for car seats
Car upholstery
Mixed GSO 280:2005**
Fabric for car seats
109
* Applicable for certification if the vehicle is designed for the seven Gulf countries
** Not applicable for certification
Iraq
National regulations
in addition to GSO regulations
110
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Iraq
LAW NO 54 OF 1979
ENVIRONMENT 1
3 MIXED
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
2015
111
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Iraq
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Environment Requirement for exhaust outlet pipes IQS 2315 / 2015 Art 11 No
Mandatory equipment with first aid kit IQS 2315 / 2015 Art 37.4
Mixed
(DIN 13164 ex works) IQS 2315 / 2015 Art 37.633957
112
Saudi Arabia
National regulations
in addition to GSO regulations
113
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Saudi Arabia
ACTIVITIES
Gulf Activity:
Gulf Standardisation Organisation (GSO)
Arab Activity:
Arab Industrial Development and Mining Organisation (AIDMO)
International Activities:
International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO)
International Organisation of Legal Metrology (OIML)
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
1 AFTERSALES ENVIRONMENT 7
4 MIXED
SAFETY 6
TECHNICAL 16
0
2001
2005
2008
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2017
2018
2019
114
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Saudi Arabia
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Technical Part 9: Inlet and outlet anti drain valve test SASO ISO 4548-9:2008**
Brake linings
Technical SASO ISO 6310:2014**
Compressive strain test method
Brake linings
Technical Shear test procedure for disc brake pad SASO ISO 6312: 2014**
and drum brake shoe assemblies
Brake linings
Technical Effects of heat on dimensions and form SASO ISO 6313: 2005**
of disc brake pads – test procedure
115
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Saudi Arabia
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Environment Fuel filters for diesel engines - Test methods SASO ISO 4020:2011 **
Environment Requirement for fleet consumption regulation SASO Standard 29242 / 2014 No
116
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Saudi Arabia
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
SASO 1919
Mixed Requirements for lead starter batteries
SASO 1920
Electric vehicles
SASO TR 03-01-17-162
Mixed (EV with a weight not exceeding 3,500kg
SASO TR for EV 2020
and speed not exceeding 25km/h)
117
United
Arab Emirates
National regulations
in addition to GSO regulations
118
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 United Arab Emirates
ESMA
Emirates Authority for Standardisation and Metrology
2 AFTERSALES ENVIRONMENT 3
4 MIXED
SAFETY 4
4 TECHNICAL
0
2006
2013
2014
2018
2019
2020
119
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 United Arab Emirates
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Seat requirements
Passenger cars and multipurpose vehicles UAE Notification via ECCS
Safety
(tower back type or equipped with adjustable 30.04.2020
head restraints (except 2 rear center seat))
Speed limiting devices UAE Notification via GSO Model Year 2021
Safety Busses with less than 22 seats with maximum requirements
speed of 100km/h 11.12.2019
DRAFT
Technical Automated driving system
In Discussion
UAE Notification
GSO Model Year 2021 requirements
11.12.2019
Euro VI exhaust emission pollutant limits from
Environment Until GSO regulation is not updated,
vehicles model year 2025
must comply with
ECE R49 Rev6
ECE R83 Rev5
120
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 United Arab Emirates
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
121
ASEAN
Association of
Southeast Asian Nations
122
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 ASEAN
Brunei
Vietnam Laos
Thailand Indonesia
Singapore Malaysia
Philippines Myanmar
Cambodia
ENVIRONMENT 5
14 TECHNICAL
2018
123
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 ASEAN
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
The following regulations will be implemented in stages starting from 2021 based on ASEAN series;
full harmonisation of UNR starting in 2025
UN R13
Technical Braking system Yes
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R13H
Technical Braking system (passenger vehicles) Yes
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R17
Technical Seats
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R25
Technical Head restraints Yes
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R39
Technical Speedometers (L category) Yes
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R46
Technical Rear view mirror Yes
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R79
Technical Steering system Yes
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R28
Technical Audible warning device Yes
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R41
Environment Noise (motorcycles) No
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R51
Environment Noise emissions No
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R14
Technical Seat belt anchorages Yes
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R16
Technical Seat belt Yes
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R30
Technical Pneumatic tyres (passenger vehicles) Yes
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R43
Technical Safety glass Yes
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R54
Technical Pneumatic tyres (commercial vehicles) Yes
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R75
Technical Pneumatic tyres (motorcycles) Yes
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
124
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 ASEAN
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
The following regulations will be implemented in stages starting from 2023 with EURO 4 level of compliance;
full harmonisation of UNR starting in 2027 (EURO 5)
UN R40
Environment Exhaust emissions (L category) No
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
UN R83
Environment Exhaust emissions for light-duty vehicles No
(planned for adoption under ASEAN MRA)
125
Indonesia
National regulations
126
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Indonesia
Technical Committee
FORMULATES
SNI
Indonesian National Standard
CONFIRMS
BSN
Badan Standardisasi Nasional
ENVIRONMENT 18
34 AFTERSALES
SAFETY 7
4 MIXED
TECHNICAL 39
20
15
10
0
1993
1998
2000
2002
2003
2004
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2017
2018
2020
127
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Indonesia
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
National requirement
Audible warning device
Safety KM No 63 / 1993 or No
Limit Value: 90-118dB
MoEF Regulation
Safety Motorised vehicle emergency response facility KP972 / AJ502 / DRJD / 2020 No
National requirement
Braking system
Technical KM No 63 / 1993 or No
Brake efficiency and parking brake
MoEF Regulation
National requirement
Speedometer
Technical KM No 63 / 1993 or No
-10% to 15% on speed of 50km/h
MoEF Regulation
National requirement
Turning radius
Technical KM No 63 / 1993 or No
Max 12,000mm
MoEF Regulation
128
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Indonesia
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
MoI No 15 / 2018
Aftersales Audio video Yes
SNI 04-6253-2003
129
Malaysia
National regulations
130
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Malaysia
DSM
Department of Standards Malaysia
JPJ
Road Transport Department
ENVIRONMENT 7
4 TECHNICAL
1 SAFETY
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
1959
1991
1996
2016
2017
2018
2020
131
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Malaysia
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
LN 170 / 1959 9A, 25, 26, 32, 71, 72, 73, 96, 98,
Technical Installation of light and light signalling devices No
99, 101, Anh 1, Anh 3
Requirement Euro 4
Gasoline: new models O1.01.2020, existing
Environment models 01.01.2022 Malaysia Automotive Association (MMA)
Diesel: new models 01.02.2022, existing
models 01.02.2023
132
Myanmar
133
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Myanmar
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Pneumatic tyres
Technical UN R30 Yes
(passenger cars)
134
Philippines
National regulations
135
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Philippines
Bureau within the department of trade and industry - national standards body
DTI-BPS Bureau of Philippine Standards
AFTERSALES 5
11 TECHNICAL
ENVIRONMENT 7
8 SAFETY
0
2000
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2012
2014
2015
2019
136
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Philippines
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
137
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Philippines
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
DAO 2015-04
Environment Exhaust emissions
Ref UN-R83-05B
138
Singapore
National regulations
139
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Singapore
ENVIRONMENT 9
16 TECHNICAL
SAFETY 1
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
2014
2016
2019
2020
140
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Singapore
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Requirement for TV / Video in driver's field S 345 Part IV 126 The Motor Vehicles Rules
Technical No
of vision (1974)
Control of pollution and waste, including Environment Protection and Management Act
Environment
for hazardous substances (EPMA)
141
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Singapore
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
142
Thailand
National regulations
143
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Thailand
18 TECHNICAL ENVIRONMENT 22
7 SAFETY
MIXED 2
0
1981
1982
1988
2008
2009
2011
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2023
144
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Thailand
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
UN R16
Safety Seat belt anchorage New Model: 01.01.2020 Yes
All Model: 01.01.2022
UN R17
Safety Seats New Model: 01.01.2020
All Model: 01.01.2022
UN R25
Safety Head restraints New Model: 01.01.2020 Yes
All Model: 01.01.2022
UN R79.03
Safety Steering equipment Draft Yes
Mandatory 2023
Technical Small size water cooled diesel engines TIS 787-2551 (2008)
UN R28
M1 & N1:
New model: 01.01.2019
Technical Warning devices All model: 01.01.2021 Yes
L3:
New model: 01.01.2018
All model: 01.01.2020
UN R30
Technical Passenger vehicle tyres Yes
TIS 2718-2560 (2017)
145
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Thailand
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
UN R54
Technical Commercial vehicle tyres Yes
TIS 2719-2560 (2017)
UN R13
Issued Plan: 2019
Technical Braking system Yes
New Model: 01.01.2022
All Model: 01.01.2024
UN R14
Technical Requirement for belt anchorages Yes
E. 2560
Exhaust emission
Environment UN R83.06 No
Emission standards Euro 5 within 2021
146
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Thailand
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
Safety requirements
Environment Emissions from engine TIS 2350-2551 (2008)
(Motorcycles)
UN R51
Enforcement:
Environment Noise (light-duty vehicle) No
New model: 01.01.2019
Existing model: 01.01.2021
UN R51.02
Environment Sound emissions New model: 01.01.2019
All model: 01.01.2021
147
Vietnam
National regulations
148
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Vietnam
– voluntary
TCVN National Technical Standards – shows provisions to be referred to by respective projects
4 TECHNICAL ENVIRONMENT 11
2 SAFETY MIXED 4
0
2009
2010
2011
2015
2017
2018
2019
149
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Vietnam
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
QCVN 35:2017/BGTVT
Technical Headlamp Yes
Adopted UN R112 Rev 03
QCVN 52:2013/BGTVT
Technical Fuel tank Yes
Adopted UN R34 Rev 01
QCVN 78:2014/BGTVT
Technical Light alloy wheel Yes
Adopted UN R124 Sup 1
TCVN 7357:2010
Environment Exhaust emissions (L category)
Based on UN R 40
150
A U T O M O T I V E R E G U L AT O RY G U I D E 2 0 2 1 Vietnam
Applicability
Item Subject Regulatory Act to spare parts
151
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