Professional Documents
Culture Documents
M1D Gad
M1D Gad
LEARNING OBJECTIVES : At the end of the lesson, the trainees should be able to:
RA No. 7877
PPSC/NFTI-SLP1-2016-01
I. INTRODUCTION:
Preparatory Activities
• Opening Prayer
• Introduction of the instructor
• Checking of attendance
• Presentation of the lesson
• Clarification of personal learning
Developmental Activities:
• Film showing – United Nation’s “Impossible Dream.”
• Activity – students will identify how men and women work at home and in the
workplace.
• Introduce and discuss the following specific subject areas, give examples to clarify
every point when necessary.
• Definition of Gender-related concepts
• Difference between the biological sex and the social construction of gender
• Root cause of inequality (gender bias)
• Women’s role in media ads, prints and magazines: gender biased approach and
its disadvantages.
• Gender Mainstreaming overview
• Magna Carta for Women
Students/Trainees will be grouped into four (4), each group will be assigned to
perform activities of men and women at home and in the workplace.
After watching the film, the students / trainees should be able to discuss the
significant role of gender regardless of sex. (Film clip)
Presentation of output
IV. TEST
Formulate test items that are aligned with the learning objectives.
Closing Prayer
LESSON TIMETABLE
Gender - refers to the socially constructed roles, behavior, activities and attributes that a given
society considers appropriate for men and women (WHO).
Generally, gender roles are not inborn; these are learned in the early stage of life/ childhood.
Recognition of gender roles begins from childhood and this is first defined by parents
who are the primary influencing in gender role development.
Boys and girls are molded into these roles, behaviors, attributes and characteristics that
maybe masculine or feminine.
As children move through childhood into adolescence, they are exposed to many factors
which influence their attitudes regarding gender roles.
Gender roles vary, these can be changed or improved because these are dictated by the
society and are transmitted through the process of socialization.
1. Family – basic unit of the society. Socialization begins at the time when baby is
born, the parents serve to influence them during their formative years..
Socialization promotes gender stereotyping through the following processes:
a. Manipulation
b. Canalization
c. Verbal appellation
d. Activity exposure
Female Male
Textbook Mothers, housewives Father, workers, adventurous
or Well-behaved girls
Courses Cooking, Carpentry, gardening
Sewing
Education Secretary, Engineer
Teacher, Lawyer,
Social worker Doctor
- The natural biological attributes of males and females which arte universal.
Female – produces the egg cell or ovum and has the capacity to bear a child.
- Male provides the sperm cells that fertilize the ovum during union of fertilization.
Uterus Penis
Primary Ovary (estrogen and Testes (androgen and
progesterone) testosterone)
Ovum Scrotum
Cervix Sperm
Vagina Vas deferens
Clitoris
Sex Role – is biologically determined, which can be performed by one of the sexes.
These roles are not exchangeable because they are biologically determined –
sex is inborn and are imposed by nature through biological differences between
men and women.
Pregnancy is a sex role because only women have the ability to bear children.
SEX VS. GENDER
SEX GENDER
Male’ and ‘female’ are sex categories, while ‘masculine’ and feminine’ are gender categories.
1. MARGINALIZATION
- Non-valuation of women’s work
2. SUBORDINATION
- This situation can be traced back to the patriarchal culture, which according to
historical records, dates back to the ‘neolitic” or agriculture period.
3. MULTIPLE BURDEN
– Involvement in the three spheres of work, reproductive, productive and
community work.
4. GENDER STEREOTYPES
- Women are stereotyped from birth because of social perception and value
systems ingrain an image of women as weak, dependent, subordinate,
emotional and submissive.
Physical Violence – refers to any act that includes bodily or physical harm;
Sexual Violence - Acts causing or attempting to cause the victim to engage in any
sexual activity by force, physical or other harm or coercion
• Declaration of policies
• Principles of human rights
• Rights of women
• Empowerment as a definition
• Institutionalized mechanism
Any person who directs or induces another to commit any act of sexual harassment as
herein defined, or who cooperates in the commission thereof by another without which it
would not been committed, shall also be held liable under this Act.
FEMINISM
• It is worldwide movement that seeks to raise women's political, economic, and social
status and fights for gender equality in all aspects of life in all societies.
• Feminist have worked to protect women and girls from domestic violence and sexual
harassment. They advocated for workplace rights, including maternity and against all
forms of discrimination against women.
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
• The concept of gender sensitivity has been developed as a way to reduce barriers to
personal and economic development created by sexism. Gender sensitivity helps to
generate respect for the individual regardless of sex.
• Gender sensitivity is not about putting women against men. On the contrary, education
that is gender sensitive benefits members of both sexes. It helps them determine
which assumptions in matter of gender are valid and which are stereotyped
generalizations.
• Gender awareness requires not only intellectual effort but also sensitivity and open-
mindedness. It opens up the widest possible range of life options for both women and
men.
• Although 'gender and development' includes both women and men, however, in most
cases focus is given only to women. It is because of imbalance and unequal status of
women in most of the societies where women do not have the same opportunities and
personal freedom as men. Therefore, there is need to focus women compared to
men. It is like two glasses, where one is half full and another is empty, thus, the empty
glass should get water first and when both glasses become equal then fill both. If
someone tries to fill both glasses without noticing the level of water it is very
impractical.
Why GAD is important?
• In the mid 1980s, there has been a growing consensus that sustainable development
requires an understanding of both women and men's roles and responsibilities within
the community and their -relation to each other. This has come to be known as the
Gender and Development (GAD) approach.
• The main objective of GAD is mainstreaming women's needs and perspective into all
activities.
1991- GAD was introduced into the mainstream of government programs and as one
of the priority programs.
EO 273 approved and adopted the Phil. Plan for Gender-Responsive Devt. (PPGD
1995-2025) a national blueprint that guides different government agencies in
responding to GAD issues and concerns.
The early 90’s and years following, was marked by the issuance / adoption of
pioneering policies and programs:
RA 7192 accords women equal opportunities for appointment, admission, training, graduation
and commissioning in all military and similar schools of the Armed Forces of the Philippines and
the Philippine National Police.
Family Code (FC) which was signed in 1988, answered the clamor of women to remove
the discriminatory provisions of the Civil Code:
Provides more equal rights to women by equalizing the marriage age requirements at 18
years.
Gives husband and wife joint authority to choose the family residence, manage the
conjugal property, grants to the spouse joint custody of children.
Grants the wife the right to exercise her profession and career.
Grants the right to accept gifts without the need of her husband’s consent.
Gives the wife the right to remarry even before the expiration of 300 days after her
husband’s death.
Gives the wife the right to retain parental authority over her children after remarriage.
Believes in equality, strives to serve other women and serves to be a positive role model;
Appreciates the value of domestic work, and does not overwork;
Values herself, is open minded and appreciative of others;
Is conscious and proud of her contribution to her home, her family and her country;
Controls her life and questions negative attitudes, customs and superstitions which
adversely affect her;
Finds time for group activities and recognizes her potential for leadership and organization;
Seeks to improve her knowledge and skills;
Enjoys life and looks forward to each new day;
Finds time for leisure and hobbies;
Knows her rights as a citizen and recognizes the law which are unjust to women in society;
Maintains good health, respects the dignity of women and appreciates her daughters as
much as her sons.