BCHE

Amad, Rolando Jr. T.
– I-BSCE- BCHE 111/L-3063
Let’s Check
1. Enumerate the classification of fires. Briefly discuss each.

Class A fire
The simplest flames to extinguish are Class A fires. They involve tangible substances like
fabric, paper, plastic, or wood. When you light a match or start a bonfire, you could
purposefully ignite Class A flames. Knocking over a candle, a stray spark from a fireplace, or
a lightning strike on a tree can all result in an unintended Class A fire. Fortunately, Class A
fires are the most straightforward to put out. On Class A fires, the Fire Equipment
Manufacturers Association advised using a water or foam fire extinguisher. Water can also be
used to put out a fire since it can cut off the heat source.
Class B fire
Combustible liquids like oil, alcohol, or gasoline are involved in class B fires. Anywhere
combustible liquids or gases are stored or used, fires of this type could occur. It's crucial to
avoid using a water extinguisher on a Class B fire since the water stream could actually make
the fire worse by spreading the blazing material. The Fire Equipment Manufacturer's
Association recommends utilizing foam, powder, or carbon dioxide extinguishers to put out
Class B flames. These extinguishers function by denying a fire its source of oxygen.
Class C fire
Class C fires involve an electrical source. This kind of fire may be caused by malfunctioning
appliances, frayed electrical cords, worn-out breaker boxes, or outdated wall wiring.
Electrical fires happen often in both residential and commercial settings. Disconnecting the
appliance or item from its power source is the first thing you should attempt to do if an
electrical fire develops, but only if doing so is safe. If at all possible, use a carbon dioxide or
dry powder fire extinguisher to put out the flames. If and when the power source is cut off,
the fire may change classes and become a Class A fire, normally. Avoid using a water or
foam extinguisher to put out an electrical fire since both of those materials can carry
electricity and could make the situation more dangerous.
Class D fire
Class D fires are uncommon but can occur when a metal catches fire. Since most metals
require a lot of heat to ignite, Class D fires outside of labs and industrial settings are rather
uncommon. Alkali metals like potassium, magnesium, aluminum, and sodium, which can
catch fire when exposed to oxygen or water, frequently start Class D fires. Although a Class
D fire is rare to break out in your home, it is nonetheless recommended that you use a dry
powder extinguisher to put out any such fires. Dry powder extinguishers put out metal fires
by severing the fuel from the oxygen or eliminating the heat source, but foam or water
extinguishers may intensify the flames and result in hazardous explosions.
2. What should be done if a chemical gets in the eye?
-Flush your eye with water.
-Don’t rub the eye.
3. Describe the procedure used to operate a fire extinguisher.
Pull (Pin)
-Break the seal by pulling the pin at the top of the extinguisher. The pin prevents the handle
from unintentionally being pressed and activating the extinguisher when it is in place. Test
the extinguisher right away. This is done to make sure the extinguisher works and to
demonstrate to the user how far the stream can reach.
Aim
-Standing a safe distance away, approach the flames. Direct the nozzle or outlet at the fire's
origin.
Squeeze
-To release the extinguishing agent inside, squeeze the handles collectively. Release the
handles to halt discharge.
Sweep
-As you get closer to the fire, move the nozzle side to side to aim the extinguishing agent at
the flames' base. After putting out an A Class fire, look for any lingering hot places that could
rekindle the fuel.
4. Describe the procedure for smelling a chemical.
-If you need to smell a chemical, use one hand to fan or waft the fumes in the direction of
your nose. Do not inhale the vapors by placing your nose over the container.
Let’s Analyze
1. Why is smoking not permitted in the laboratory?

-Because there are locations in laboratories that contain significant amounts of combustible
chemicals and a high risk of fire, smoking is not permitted there.
2. What is the difference between incident and accident?
-An "accident" is an unforeseen event that causes damage, injury, or harm; an "incident" is
any unanticipated event that does not cause major losses or harm.
3. What is the difference between risk and hazard?
- A risk is the possibility of harm occurring as a result of exposure to a hazard, whereas a
hazard is something that has the potential to cause harm.
4. What is the difference between acute and chronic effect?
-Acute illnesses typically appear unexpectedly and go quickly, frequently within a few days
or weeks, but chronic ailments take longer to appear and may deteriorate over months or
years.
5. What is the difference between lethal dose and lethal concentration?
-Lethal Concentration is referred to as LC. LC values typically speak of the concentration of
a chemical in the air, but in studies of the environment, it also refer to a chemical's
concentration in water. Lethal Dose, or LD50, is the concentration of the chemical in the air
that results in the death of 50% of the test animals during the observation period. The amount
of a substance that, when administered all at once, will kill 50% (one half) of a set of test
animals is known as the LD50. The acute toxicity (short-term poisoning potential) of a
substance can be measured using the LD50.
6. What is the difference between fire and flame?
- A flame is a hot, burning gas stream coming from an object that is burning. The term
"fire" refers to a material that is burning and producing flames that emit heat and light as well
as possible smoke.
7. What is the difference between flammable and combustible liquids?
- Combustible liquids require heat in order to ignite, whereas flammable liquids burn at
room temperature.
In a Nutshell
1. How does your country regulate and control chemical safety and security?
-By implementing law for chemical safety and implementing proper ways of using
chemicals. This law helps to maintain the chemical safety of my country. They also practiced
the proper disposal of chemicals, toxic substances, etc. These laws and ways of proper using
of chemicals implemented by DENR (Department of Environment and Natural Resources).
These laws and proper ways of using chemicals controls the safety and security of chemicals
in my country.

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Amad, Rolando Jr. T.

– I-BSCE- BCHE 111/L-3063

1. Enumerate the classification of fires. Briefly discuss each.

1. Why is smoking not permitted in the laboratory?

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