KRISTINE A.

ZAMORAS BSED-ENGLISH,FIRST YEAR

Lesson 1: INTELLECTUAL, REVOLUTIONS THAT DEFINE SOCIETY

* Learning Task
TASK 1
A. The significant contribution of these intellectual thinkers during the middle ages in Europe to modern science :
1. Copernicus

-Nicolaus Copernicus proposed his theory that the planets revolved around the sun in the 1500s,
when most people believed that Earth was the center of the universe.

2. Darwin

- Darwin's greatest contribution to science is that he completed the Copernican Revolution by drawing
out for biology the notion of nature as a system of matter in motion governed by natural laws. With
Darwin's discovery of natural selection, the origin and adaptations of organisms were brought into the
realm of science

3. Freud

- One of Freud's most important contributions to the field of psychology was the development of
the theory and practice of psychoanalysis. Some of the major tenets of psychoanalysis include the
significance of the unconscious, early sexual development, repression, dreams, death and life drives,
and transference.

B. Contribution to the development of early science and technology of these ancient civilization

4. Mesoamerica

- In Meso-America the Maya civilization made the greatest progress in science and
technology. Among its innovations were the position-value number system with zero,
the development of the most accurate known calendar,the invention of rubber and the
corbelled arch.

5. Asia

- In ancient times, Asian inventors came up with such fripperies as silk, soap, glass, ink,
parasols, and kites. Some inventions of a more serious nature also appeared at this
time, like writing, irrigation, and map-making.
 6. Africa

- Many advances in metallurgy and tool making were made across the entirety of
ancient Africa. These include steam engines, metal chisels and saws, copper and iron
tools and weapons, nails, glue, carbon steel and bronze weapons and art.

Task 2
Period/Era Major Discoveries and Development in
Science
In 1543
The Copernicum System

1664 Gravity (Isaac Newton)

1821 Electricity (Michael Faraday)

1859 Evolution ( Charles Darwin)

1860s Louis Pasteur ( experimenting the

bacteria )
1905 Theory of Relativity (Albert
Einstein’s theory)
 The Big Bang Theory ( Georges
1927 Lemaitre)
1928 Penicillin ( Alexander Fleming)

February 28, 1953 DNA

1913 Periodic table

1895 X-rays

1922 Quantum Theory

1940s Atomic Bomb

 ANALYSIS

TASK 3
1. How is science always interwoven with the society?
- It helps us live longer and healthier lives, keeps track of our health, pro
vides medicine to treat diseases, eases aches and pains, aids in the pro
vision of water for our basic needs, including our food, gives us energy, 
and makes life more enjoyable through sports, music, entertainment, a
nd cutting-edge communication technology.
- Science generates solutions for everyday life and help us to answer the
great mysteries of the universe. In other words, science is one of the
most important channels of knowledge.
- Science must respond to societal needs and global challenges.
2. Why were the ideas of the 3 intellectual thinkers Copernicus,
Darwin and Freud considered as revolutionary and controversial
that these contributed the spark of the scientific revolution?
- There ideas become revolutionary because they went against
the prevailing belief of the time.
3. Do you think the thought experiment of Copernicus is still useful
in science in the present time?
- Yes, It is still extremely useful. In my opinion, studying science
without doing experiments are just pointless.
4. Why are Darwin’s idea on evolution so important in science and
technology?
- Charles Darwin is centrally important in the development of
scientific and humanist ideas because he first made people aware
of their place in the evolutionary process when the most powerful
and intelligent form of life discovered how humanity had evolved.
5. How influential are Freud’s ideas in today’s society?
- Freud revolutionized the understanding and treatment of mental
disorders. He created the psychoanalytic theory of personality.
But beyond this, he profoundly changed our understanding of
humanity, thought, and culture.
6. Explain how scientific revolution transformed the natural world and the
world of ideas?
- It illustrated the capacity of the human mind, the Scientific Revolution 
had an 
impact on the emergence of individualistic values during the Age of Enl
ightenment. 
Scientists' independence from institutional authority and ability to dra
w their own judgments validated their abilities and value.

 ABSTRACTION
 1. What made the scientific revolution the golden age in
the history of science?
-  This period has been described as a "Golden Age of Science"
because of the wealth of discoveries in fundamental science and
engineering.

2. What revolutionary ideas did each of the notable

intellectual thinkers Copernicus, Darwin and Freud
proposed that contributed to the spark of scientific
revolution?
- Nicolaus Copernicus developed a heliocentric view of the cosmos
that displaced humans from the physical center of the universe.
Charles Darwin developed an evolutionary theory that placed
humans firmly within the organismic order of nature and
Freud developed a set of therapeutic techniques centered on talk
therapy that involved the use of strategies such as transference,
free association, and dream interpretation.

3. How did scientific revolution transform societies

throughout history?
- The Scientific Revolution influenced the development of the
Enlightenment values of individualism because it demonstrated
the power of the human mind. The ability of scientists to come to
their own conclusions rather than deferring to instilled authority
confirmed the capabilities and worth of the individual.

 APPLICATION

1. How did society shape science?

- Society came together in a variety of ways to support the development 
of science by examining an unmet need. Science helped people see the 
possibilities, enabling those who weren't aware of the results to create 
more for unmet needs.
2. How do social and human issues influence science?
- Social and human issues influence science in the sense that they
may prompt scientific studies aimed at solving them. For
example, the recent coronavirus pandemic is a social issue that
has resulted in countless scientific efforts aimed at combating
the disease.
3. Considering the current state of our society, do you
think science literacy among people has contributed to
our economy?
- The short answer is yes - it contributed to the growth of the
economy. Unless you are flat-earthier - then science is useless.
You can think about scientific literacy as the engine for the
technological progress you see around. Science literacy is
highly adaptable - this is why you find so many technological
and engineering feats around the world. Scientific literacy
gives people the ability to not accept the world as it is but
look for situations how to make it a better place. For example,
scientific research, medicine, safer and more efficient
transportation, prosthetic limbs, pharmaceuticals, artificial
intelligence and robotics etc. This is what science helps to
accomplish. Or in short - this is what STEM knowledge helps to
accomplish. Science literacy makes people smarter. And when
people become smarter - they can do smart things. Make the
economy more sophisticated, build smart cities, deal with
climate change in a less opinionated framework. When things
are lied down into empirical, statistical and historical data -
easier to make decisions because there is no need to do a lot
of guessing and hoping that some higher power is responsible
 for things. Generally, you will arrive at the conclusion that
everything around you is made with more or less science. So
science helps the economy because it preps people to deliver
smart solutions to current problems.

4. How can science influence government policies?

- When enough government leaders take science seriously, it ca
n have an impact on policy. The government would then ask sc
ientists who are knowledgeable in every field pertinent to its c
oncerns to notify it of what works and what doesn't in terms o
f policies based on scientific facts.

TASK 6.

A B

TELEPHONE
SMARTPHONE
 3.How did the developments in science and
technology shape human history?
- Technology has completely changed the way humans live, and
therefore has shaped human history. Telephones, the Internet, and
engines allow people and goods to move from place to place much
quicker, and we can communicate around the world instantly.

 REFLECTION
Things I have learned (knowledge)

- I have learned a lot of things especially in the

science revolutions, discoveries before that useful
up until now and some intellectuals and their
revolutionary ideas and their helpful contributions
 that transformed and molded our societies and
beliefs.

Things I have realized and appreciated (attitude)

- I have realized that these revolutions contributed a
lot to the people’s daily lives. And I appreciated all
the intellectuals and their revolutionary ideas.

Things I have discovered and wanted to do more

(skills)

- I have discovered t a lot of things, and I wanted to

do more discoveries.

 POST ASSESSMENT

1.A
2.B
3.A
4.D

5.B
6.A

7.B
8.D
9.B

10.B
LESSON 2:
KRISTINE A. ZAMORAS BSED-ENGLISH, FIRST YEAR, 1-A
 LEARNING TASK
Trace the development of science and technology from the Pre-colonial Philippines up to the present.

Here's the development of science and technology from precolonial period up to the
present:

800-1300 CE

indigenous clocks and feedback mechanisms were developed

 Chinese developed eyeglasses
1450s-1470s

 Modern printing press

 first parachute
16th century

 first compound microscope

17th century

 basic thermometer
 study of magnetism
 invention of telescope, microscope, barometer
 Isaac's three laws of motion
18th century

 Binary system
 first steam engine
 invention of sextant, pyrometer
19th century

 invention of first battery, papermaking machine, electric generators

 theory of the conservation of energy
20th century

 invention of electric clothes washer, mechanical television, refrigerator,

radar
 astronauts walk on the moon
21st century

 invention of vacuum cleaning robot, 3D TV

  electronic voting
 Quantum computing
 Supercomputers
Etc…

What have you observed?

1. I've observed that the early inventions are just the ancestors of the inventions
nowadays. The devices that we have now are very hi-tech and really helps
people in their daily activities. Because of this, work done by people became
more simple as time goes by because the machines and devices that we have
nowadays are "upgraded" or "evolved" version of what we have during the
precolonial period. Also, the things developed on the early years are the
reasons why discoveries of our times became possible.
 TASK 2

ESTRADA ADMINISTRATION

 Contribution of Estrada administration in Science And Technology

1. The philippine clean air act of 1999 and the Electronic Commerce act of 2000
were the two major legislation that turned into signed through the President
 Joseph Estrada.
2. The sustainable improvement is insured in Philippine easy air act this is
designed to protect the natural resources in preserve the environment.
3. The insurance of CARP ( the comprehensive agrarian Reform Program) turn
into widened with the aid of the estrada administration that in the
countryside facilitates the landless peasants.

 ANALYSIS
Task 3
1. How would you support the fact that science and
technology had been embedded in the way of life of our
ancestors since Pre-colonial Philippines?
- Its evident up until now
2. How significant are the contributions of the Spaniards and
Americans to the development of science and technology
in the Philippines?
- It is so significant, because of the contributions of the
Spaniards and Americans they make our country
more knowledgeable
3. How does school science shape science and technology in
our country?
- School science is very important for a rounded education. It
will pave the way to train your mind to explore scientific
methods. More than 60% of future jobs will require science
and math in advanced stages. Study your Filipino culture
and talk to people in the field who can tell you how science
will shape the future of the Philippines.
ABSTRACTION
TASK 4
1. What are considered indigenous science and how significant are
these practice to modern science?
-Indigenous science offers both key insights and philosophical
frameworks for problem solving that includes human values, which are much
needed as we face challenges such as climate change, sustainable resource
management, health disparities and the need for healing the ecological
damage we have done.

2. To further strengthen the science program in the Philippines, the

government establishes programs, projects and policies on science
and technology. What are the different variables that influenced or
shaped the development of these programs, projects, and policies?
- gain most from science and technology initiatives and
policies of the nation. Though the initiatives are
beneficial and many ways, their effect on mitigating
the hardships of the country maybe more minimal.
3. What do you think is the contribution of science and technology to the
country’s nation building?
- science and technology have played a significant role in our
country's development. And one of its major contributions has
been the rise and expansion of Philippine industries and
enterprises as a result of scientific and technological
advancements, discoveries, and innovations that have had a
direct impact on the growth of the economy, job creation,
wealth creation, and the resolution of a plethora of problems
that have made peoples' lives better. Furthermore, science and
technology have transformed the production of goods from a
manual manufacturing process to a factory-produced process,
with prices dropping as quantities increase to meet the
insatiable demand of people, who are regarded as the heart
and soul of the country's nation-building.
 APPLICATION
 TASK 5
1. Identify 3 issues in the Philippines. What science and technology-related
policies as clustered by NCRP could be developed and implemented to
solve these issues?
- Traffic congestion, food scarcity, and poverty are
the major issues in the Philippines. Traffic
congestion can be solved with science and
technology related policies, by taking a look at
the root cause of the traffic congestion, and
creating solutions to counter it. Food scarcity
such as rice supply can be also solved by science
and technology related solutions. Find ways to
plant rice in industrial buildings, shielded from
harsh elements, and pest. Poverty can be solved
also by science and technology related solutions.
Teach the poor to be able to do business online,
and be tech savvy.
2. What can you say about the implementation of science and technology
programs and projects supported by the philippine government through
DOST, through mention in our lesson?
- That’s good and it is a promising efforts of
the Department. Filipinos are really
competitive. And I think it would benefit
the Philippines and the Filipinos, as it is can
bolster the youth to think of newer ways to
improve the lives of the Filipinos.
3. What are the activities in your purok that relates to science and
technology and what is the status of implementation of these activities?
- The Forest Resources Assessment Programmed
 TASK 6
 CONTRIBUTIONS WHAT MADE THEM PURSUE A CAREER
IN SCIENCE
-developed “Enriched Rice,” a rice -Juan Salcedo conducted medical
variety fortified with vitamin B1, research to improve the health and
which helps prevent beriberi. His nutrition of Filipinos. He spent much
discovery helped reduce the cases of of his lifetime studying health
beriberi in the Philippines and in other factors, ranging from fatty acids to
countries. vitamins.
 CONTRIBUTIONS WHAT MADE THEM PURSUE A CAREER
-He pioneered studies in the isolation and IN SCIENCE
elucidation (or identifying the chemical -his aim in life was to use his skills to
structure) of chemical components from improve the health of his countrymen by
indigenous Philippine plants. In particular, developing new affordable medicines
he studied alkaloids, organic compounds from natural sources.
that can be derived from plants and mostly
contain basic nitrogen atoms.
-Arguably Dr Santos's most lasting
contribution to chemistry, and the world at
large, was his work in isolating
phaeantharine from certain orchids, such as
the dendrobium family, as well as
the bulbophyllum and cymbidium families.
Phenanthreoids have a multitude of uses in
the pharmaceutical industry, with
paheantharine, discovered by Dr Santos,
used to combat high blood pressure.

 REFLECTION
Things I have Learned (knowledge)
- I have learned a lot especially the Historical
Background of Science and Technology here I
 our country, and the role of Science and
Technology in nation-building and
Intellectual Revolutions That Defined Society.
Things I have realized and appreciated ( attitude)
- I have realized the Importance of Science and
Technology in our life’s, and I appreciated all
the Scientist who give all of their best and
time to researching how to stop diseases in
humans or in animals or just understanding the
world, I appreciate all your hard works to make
this world a better place.
Things I have discovered and wanted to do more (skills)
- I have discovered a lot of things and I wanted
to do more research about historical
background of science and technology.

 POST ASSESSMENT
1.T
2.T
3.T
4.F – Los Baños
5.T
6.T
7.F-mangoes
8.T
9.T
10.T