SỞ GD-ĐT TỈNH THÁI NGUYÊN KỲ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI KHU VỰC

TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN THÁI NGUYÊN DUYÊN HẢI – ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ
NĂM HỌC 2018 – 2019
ĐỀ THI ĐỀ NGHỊ
(Đề thi gồm 12 trang) MÔN THI: TIẾNG ANH 10
Thời gian: 180 phút (không kể thời gian giao đề)

B. SECTION TWO: LEXICO-GRAMMAR (50 points)

Part 1. Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C or D) which best completes each sentence. (20 pts)
1. My brother found it impossible to _____ his anger and started shouting.
A. restrict B. inhibit C. reserve
D. contain

 restrict sth to sth: to limit the size, amount or range of something

restrict something to something Speed is restricted to 30 mph in towns.
We restrict the number of students per class to ten.
 inhibit (v): to prevent something from happening or make it happen more slowly or less
frequently than normal
A lack of oxygen may inhibit brain development in the unborn child.
 reserve (v): to ask for a seat, table, room, etc. to be available for you or somebody else at a
future time
 contain (v) = restrain: to keep your feelings under control (quản lý cảm xúc)

2. We don’t have a secretary _____, but we do have a student who comes in to do a bit of filing.
A. as such B. the least bit C. whatsoever D. little
more

 as such: theo đúng nghĩa của nó, theo đúng nghĩa của từ
 no, nothing, none, etc. whatsoever: not at all; not of any kind
They received no help whatsoever.
‘Is there any doubt about it?’ ‘None whatsoever.’

3. The problem _____ because neither side was prepared to compromise.

A. amassed B. escalated C. proliferated
D. enhanced

 amass (v) = accumulate: to collect something, especially in large quantities over a period of
time (tích lũy, chất đống)
They amassed enough evidence to convict her.
 escalate (v): to become greater, worse, more serious, etc.; to make something greater, worse,
more serious, etc. (trở nên / làm cho tồi tệ hơn) (INTO STH)
The battle escalated into a full-scale war.

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  proliferate (v): to increase rapidly in number or amount (tăng nhanh về số lượng)
Time passed and animal life proliferated.
 enhance (v): to increase or further improve the good quality, value or status of
somebody/something
This is an opportunity to enhance the reputation of the company.

4. A meeting was held so that staff could _____ their view freely.
A. divulge B. vent C. utter
D. air

 divulge (v) = reveal: tiết lộ

 vent sth (anger) on sb: trút giận lên ai
 utter (v): to make a sound with your voice; to say something
He uttered a great cry of anger.
She did not utter a word during lunch (= said nothing).
 air (v) = voice: express one’s view publicly (nói lên tiếng nói của mình)

5. This evidence should prove _____ that he was telling the truth.
A. once and for all B. now and then C. over and above
D. from time to time

 once and for all: now and for the last time; finally or completely
 (every) now and then: thỉnh thoảng
 over and above: in addition to something
There are other factors over and above those we have discussed.
 from time to time: occasionally but not regularly
She has to work at weekends from time to time.

6. Not even losing all the time could ______ his enthusiasm for tennis.
A. recede B. dampen C. delete
D. belittle

 recede (v): (especially of a problem, feeling or quality) to become gradually weaker or smaller
(trở nên ít lại, nhỏ dần)
The prospect of bankruptcy has now receded
 dampen (v): to make something such as a feeling or a reaction less strong (làm giảm đi – cảm
xúc, sự phản ứng,…)
None of the setbacks could dampen his enthusiasm for the project.
 delete (v): xóa đi
 belittle (v): to make somebody, or the things that somebody does, seem unimportant
She felt her husband constantly belittled her achievements.
By saying this, I do not mean to belittle the importance of his role.

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7. It was a _____ lie and nobody at all believed it.
A. blatant B. salient C. conspicuous
D. pronounced

 blatant (adj) = flagrant: done in an obvious and open way without caring if people are
shocked (được thực hiện, tạo ra một cách hiển nhiên, dễ nhận biết)
 blatant lie: lời nói dối rành rành
 salient (adj): the salient facts about something or qualities of something are the most important
things about them:
She began to summarize the salient features/points of the proposal.
 conspicuous (adj): easy to see or notice; likely to attract attention (nỗi bật)
Mary's red hair always made her conspicuous at school.
I felt very conspicuous in my new car.
 pronounced (adj): very obvious, easy to notice or strongly expressed (hiển nhiên, được bày tỏ
một cách mạnh mẽ) (không đi với “lie”)
She has very pronounced views on art.

8. You’ll just have to ______ yourself to the fact that you can’t always have what you want.
A. acknowledge B. reconcile C. concede
D. allow

 reconcile/resign oneself to sth: to make somebody/yourself accept an unpleasant situation

because it is not possible to change it (chấp nhận sự thật)
 acknowledge (v): to accept that something is true (công nhận)
 concede (v): to admit that something is true, logical, etc. after first denying it or resisting it
(công nhận sau một hồi chối cãi)
I had to concede the logic of this.
 allow sb to do sth = let sb do sth: cho phép ai làm gì

9. We were under no _____ about how difficult it would be to achieve our aims.
A. fantasies B. daydreams C. illusions
D. deceptions

 fantasy (n): a pleasant situation that you imagine but that is unlikely to happen (sự mơ tưởng)
He spoke of his childhood fantasies about becoming a famous football player.
 daydream (n): pleasant thoughts that make you forget about the present (mộng tưởng)
She stared out of the window, lost in a daydream.
 illusion (n): an idea or belief that is not true (cơn ảo tưởng)
 have an illusion about sth: ảo tưởng về điều gì
 under the illusion that = believe wrongly that
 under no illusion about sth = understand the truth about sth
 deception (n): the act of hiding the truth, especially to get an advantage (che đậy sự thật để
kiếm lời)

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 He was found guilty of obtaining money by deception.

10. I’m afraid that the facts don’t ______your theory.

A. pull off B. check out C. show off
D. bear out

 pull off:
 check out:
 show off:
 bear out:

11. You'd better pack those glasses extremely carefully if you want them to arrive ______.
A. entire B. intact C. whole
D. complete

 entire (adj):
 intact (adj):
 whole (adj):
 complete (adj):

12. We are not in a ______ hurry so let’s have another coffee.

A. dashing B. racing C. rushing
D. tearing

 be in a tearing hurry:

13. It was a bad mistake but it had no ______on the outcome of the match.
A. bearing B. relevance C. significance
D. repercussion

 have a bearing on sth:

14. Time was running out, so the committee had to make a ____________ decision.
A. brief B. snap C. sharp
D. curt

 a snap decision:

15. The island was quite content with its _____ prosperity.
A. heinous B. burgeoning C. insatiable
D. abortive

 henious (adj):

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  burgeoning (adj):
 insatible (adj):
 abortive (adj):

16. He _____ at the last minute and withdrew from the competition.
A. put his foot down B. got up his nose

C. couldn’t keep a straight face D. got cold feet

 put one’s foot down:

 get up one’s nose:
 keep a straight face:
 get cold feet:

17. George wasn’t in a particularly good mood, but then he is always a bit ____ in the morning.
A. irate B. crotchety C. indignant
D. infuriated

 irate (adj):
 crotchety (adj):
 indignant (adj):
 infuriated (adj):

18. We were alerted to the fire when we saw thick, heavy smoke ____ out of the window.
A. clouding B. billowing C. choking
D. pushing

 billow out:

19. I must take this watch to be repaired; it ____ over twenty minutes a day.
A. increases B. progresses C. accelerates
D. gains

 gain (v):

20. Why don’t you have a night out? It would take your ______ off your worries.
A. thoughts B. heart C. mind
D. head

 take one’s mind off worries:

Part 2. The following passage contains 10 errors. Identify and correct them.
1 An environmental history of mankind would have to be a history of the exploitation of abundant

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 2 natural resources, the spiral demand for these resources, and their inevitable depletion. As
3 humanity spread over the globe, leaving colonies in their wake, essential resources such as coal,
4 oil, and even fresh water were extracted through industrial mining and manufacturing operations
5 that had a massive impact on the earth itself. That was once a plethora of riches has inexorably
6 declined, and entrepreneurs are now looking into the limits of land, sea, and sky; the new target
7 is the stars and, more especially, asteroids. Spinning around the Sun are tens of thousands of
8 asteroids, and scientists have convinced that these mountain-like formations contain a treasure
9 trove of minerals and metals. The asteroid 16 Psyche has enough iron-nickel ore to sustain the
10 Earth for several million years. Even a comparatively small asteroid could contain more than
11 2,000 million metric tons of serviceable mineral-metal reserves. In addition, some asteroids have
12 a high ice content which means that they could be an economically viable source of fresh water.
13 Large –scale mining of asteroids is possibly the key to solve many of our escalating
14 environmental problems. Any mining venture contains an element of risk, however. Asteroids
15 have traditionally been considered dead perils lurking out in the dark depths of space, bided their
16 time before smashing headlong into our insignificant planet. In order to transplant mining
17 operations from the Earth to the stars, we need to find solutions to extensive safety and logistical
problems.

YOUR ANSWERS:
Line Mistake Correction Line Mistake Correction

Part 3. Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition or particle. (10 points)
1. Josie banked ________the fire to last till morning.
2. The education expenses of the children are eating _______ their savings, but they do not mind at all.
3. The school has certainly lived _______ its reputation as one which produces top scholars year after
year.
4. After some careful consideration, James decided to turn _______ the post which carried heavy
responsibilities.
5. Looking _______, we must expect radical changes to be made in our system of government.
6. My wife backed me ______ over my decision to quit my job.
7. Traditionally, Amish weddings are held on Tuesdays and Thursdays, so there is time in _______ to get
ready for and clean up after each.
8. According to a government study, Korean elderly women are much more vulnerable ________ social
isolation and illnesses compared to their male counterparts.
9. The practice of acupuncture is rooted ________ the idea of promoting harmony between humans and
the world around them and a balance between yin and yang.
10. I never doubt that this candidate can pull ______ a victory.

YOUR ANSWERS:

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 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 4. Write the correct form of the words given in the brackets. Write your answers in the spaces
provided below. (10 points)
The Media Commentators
A live broadcast of any public event, such as a space flight or sporting occasion, is
almost (1) ________ accompanied by the thoughts of a commentator. This may be on 1. VARY
television, along with the relevant pictures, or (2) ________ on radio. The technique 2. ALTER
involved differs between the two media, with radio broadcasters needing to be more
explicit and (3) ________. Because of the (4) _______ of visual information. TV 3. DESCRIBE
commentators do not need to paint a picture for their audience; instead their various 4. ABSENT
observations should add to the images that are already there. There will sometimes be
silences and pauses in TV (5) ________, although these are becoming increasingly rare. 5. COMMENT
Both types of commentators should try to be more informative, but should avoid
sounding (6) _______. In sports ones, fairness and (7)_______ to both sides is vital, but 6. OPINION
spontaneity and (8)________ are valued by those watching or listening. Sports 7. PART
commentators usually broadcast live in an essentially unscripted way, although they may 8. ENTHUSE
refer to previously prepared materials such as sports statistics. Because of the (9) 9. PREDICT
________ nature of live events, thorough preparation in advance is vital. The internet has
helped enormously with this aspect of the job. Anyone interested in becoming a
commentator should have excellent (10)________ skills, the willingness to work 10.ORGANIZE
irregular hours and a strong voice.

YOUR ANSWERS:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

C. SECTION III: READING (50 points)

Part 1. For questions 1- 10, read the passage and choose the best answer A, B, C or D (10 points)
Greenhouse gases are being released into the atmosphere 30 times faster than the time when the
Earth experienced a (1)______ episode of global warming. A study comparing the rate at which carbon
dioxide and methane are being (2)______ now, compared to 55 million years ago when global warming
also occurred, has found dramatic differences in the speed of release. James Zachos, professor of earth
sciences at the University of California, Santa Cruz, said the speed of the present build-up of greenhouse
gases is far greater than during the global warming after the (3)______ of the dinosaurs. "The emissions
that caused this past episode of global warming probably lasted 10,000 years," Professor Zachos told the
American Association for the Advancement of Science at a meeting in St. Louis. "By burning fossil fuels,
we are likely to emit the same amount over the next three centuries." He warned that studies of global
warming events in the geological past (4)__________the Earth's climate passes a (5)__________beyond
which climate change accelerates with the help of positive feedbacks - vicious circles of warming.
professor Zachos is a leading (6)__________on the episode of global warming known as the palaeocene-

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eocene thermal maximum, when average global temperatures increased by up to 5 oC due to a massive
release of carbon dioxide and methane.
His research into the deep ocean (7)__________suggests at this time that about 4.5 billion tons of
carbon entered the atmosphere over 10,000 years. "This will be the same amount of carbon released into
the atmosphere from cars and industrial emissions over the next 300 years if present
(8)__________continue", he said. Although carbon can be released suddenly and naturally into the
atmosphere from volcanic activity, it takes many thousands of years for it to be removed permanently by
natural processes. The ocean is capable of removing carbon, and quickly, but this natural
(9)__________can be easily (10)__________which is probably what happened 55 million years ago. "It
will take tens of thousands of years before atmospheric carbon dioxide comes down to preindustrial
levels," the professor said. "Even after humans stop burning fossil fuels, the effects will be long-lasting."

1. A. prearranged B. premier C. previous

D. fundamental
2. A. emitted B. exhaled C. incorporated
D. digested
3. A. dementia B. demolition C. detachment D.
demise
4. A. comment B. mark C. compliment
D. indicate
5. A. barricade B. verge C. threshold
D. perimeter
6. A. autocrat B. authority C. administrator
D. proprietor
7. A. dusts B. sediments C. dirt
D. powder
8. A. trends B. gadgets C. fads
D. crazes
9. A. capacity B. competence C. intelligence
D. bulk
10. A. overcharged B. overstated C. overshadowed D.
overwhelmed

YOUR ANSWERS:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 2. For questions 1 - 10, fill each of the following numbered blanks with ONE suitable word. Write
your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. (15 points)
MALNUTRITION GOALS IN AFRICA “VERY FAR AWAY”
A new report shows that no country in Africa will meet goals (1)______ to end childhood
malnutrition by the year 2030. That target was set by the United Nations in 2015 (2)______ a Sustainable
Development Goal. The UN adopted a set of goals, "to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure

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prosperity for all as part of a new sustainable development agenda". The new report is published in the
journal Nature. It identifies poor child nutrition and (3)_______ levels of education across 51 African
countries. These were (4)______ factors in countries battling to (5)_______ children with sufficient food.
Researcher Simon Hay said the goal of ending childhood malnutrition was always an "aspirational"
target. He said: "This aspiration is very, very far away."
There was some good news in the report. It highlighted the fact that many African nations,
(6)_______ Ghana and Nigeria, have shown (7)______ of improvement in childhood development since
the year 2000. However, it is a different story for countries like Chad, Central African Republic and
Eritrea. The report indicates that malnutrition remained "persistently high" in 14 countries between
Senegal in the west and Somalia in the east. Many of these countries have (8)_______ war, famine and
mass migration, all of (9)____ have put massive strains (10)_______ health and agriculture. One
researcher said considerable investment was needed in health and infrastructure in order to address
"serious inequalities".

Part 3: Read the passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions ( 10 points)
HISTORY OF THE CHICKENPOX VACCINE
Chickenpox is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the Varicella zoster virus; sufferers
develop a fleeting itchy rash that can spread throughout the body. The disease can last for up to 14 days
and can occur in both children and adults, though the young are particularly vulnerable. Individuals
infected with chickenpox can expect to experience a high but tolerable level of discomfort and a fever as
the disease works its way through the system. The ailment was once considered to be a “rite of
passage” by parents in the U.S. and thought to provide children with greater and improved
immunity to other forms of sickness later in life. This view, however, was altered after additional
research by scientists demonstrated unexpected dangers associated with the virus. Over time, the fruits of
this research have transformed attitudes toward the disease and the utility of seeking preemptive measures
against it.
A vaccine against chickenpox was originally invented by Michiaki Takahashi, a Japanese doctor
and research scientist, in the mid-1960s. Dr. Takahashi began his work to isolate and grow the virus in
1965 and in 1972 began clinical trials with a live but weakened form of the virus that caused the human
body to create antibodies. Japan and several other countries began widespread chickenpox vaccination
programs in 1974. However, it took over 20 years for the chickenpox vaccine to be approved by the U.S.
Food & Drug Administration (FDA), finally earning the U.S. government’s seal of approval for
widespread use in 1995. Yet even though the chickenpox vaccine was available and recommended by the
FDA, parents did not immediately choose to vaccinate their children against this disease. Mothers and
fathers typically cited the notion that chickenpox did not constitute a serious enough disease against
which a person needed to be vaccinated.
Strong belief in that view eroded when scientists discovered the link between Varicella zoster, the
virus that causes chickenpox, and shingles, a far more serious, harmful, and longer-lasting disease in older
adults that impacts the nervous system. They reached the conclusion that Varicella zoster remains
dormant inside the body, making it significantly more likely for someone to develop shingles. As a result,
the medical community in the U.S. encouraged the development, adoption, and use of a vaccine against
chickenpox to the public. Although the appearance of chickenpox and shingles within one person can be
many years apart - generally many decades - the increased risk in developing shingles as a younger adult

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(30-40 years old rather than 60-70 years old) proved to be enough to convince the medical community
that immunization should be preferred to the traditional alternative.
Another reason that the chickenpox vaccine was not immediately accepted and used by parents in
the U.S. centered on observations made by scientists that the vaccine simply did not last long enough and
did not confer a lifetime of immunity. In other words, scientists considered the benefits of the vaccine to
be temporary when given to young children. They also feared that it increased the odds that a person
could become infected with chickenpox later as a young adult, when the rash is more painful and
prevalent and can last up to three or four weeks. Hence, allowing young children to develop chickenpox
rather than take a vaccine against it was believed to be the “lesser of two evils.” This idea changed over
time as booster shots of the vaccine elongated immunity and countered the perceived limits on the
strength of the vaccine itself.
Today, use of the chickenpox vaccine is common throughout the world. Pediatricians suggest an
initial vaccination shot after a child turns one year old, with booster shots recommended after the child
turns eight. The vaccine is estimated to be up to 90% effective and has reduced worldwide cases of
chickenpox infection to 400,000 cases per year from over 4,000,000 cases before vaccination became
widespread. ■ (A) In light of such statistics, most doctors insist that the potential risks of developing
shingles outweigh the benefits of avoiding rare complications associated with inoculations. ■ (B) Of
course, many parents continue to think of the disease as an innocuous ailment, refusing to take
preemptive steps against it. ■ (C) As increasing numbers of students are vaccinated and the virus becomes
increasingly rarer, however, even this trend among parents has failed to halt the decline of chickenpox
among the most vulnerable populations. ■ (D).

1. The word “tolerable” in the passage 1 is closest in meaning to

A. sudden B. bearable C. infrequent D.
unexpected
2. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of the chickenpox virus?
A. It leads to a potentially deadly disease in adults.
B. It is associated with a possibly permanent rash.
C. It is easily transmittable by an infected individual.
D. It has been virtually eradicated in the modern world.
3. Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence? Incorrect
answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
A. U.S. parents believed that having chickenpox benefited their children.
B. U.S. parents believed that chickenpox led to immunity against most sickness.
C. U.S. parents wanted to make sure that their children developed chickenpox.
D. U.S. parents did not think that other vaccinations were needed after chickenpox.
4. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 2 about the clinical trials for the chickenpox
vaccine?
A. They took longer than expected. B. They cost a lot of money to complete.
C. They took a long time to finish. D. They were ultimately successful.
5. The word “notion” in the passage 2 is closest in meaning to
A. history B. findings C. fact
D. belief
6. According to paragraph 3, which of the following is true of Varicella Zoster?
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10
 A. It typically attacks adults who are over 60 years old.
B. It is linked to a serious disease that occurs more commonly in adults.
C. It likely is not a serious enough threat to human health to require a vaccine.
D. It is completely eradicated from the body after chickenpox occurs.
7. According to paragraph 3, all of the following is true about the chickenpox virus EXCEPT:
A. It causes two distinct yet related ailments.
B. People did not view it as a serious public health threat.
C. It tended to quickly become dormant and remain inoperative over time.
D. Vaccination against it would help prevent the onset of shingles.
8. The author uses booster shots as an example of
A. a way to increase the effectiveness of the chickenpox vaccine
B. a preferred method of chickenpox rash and fever treatment
C. a scientifically approved medicine to eliminate chickenpox
D. a strategy for parents to avoid vaccinating their child altogether
9. According to paragraph 4, many parents did not choose the chickenpox vaccine because
A. they believed that the virus was weak and not especially harmful
B. they thought that scientists did not have enough data to reach a conclusion
C. they were unsure about the utility of the vaccine given its expected duration
D. they were convinced it was potentially very toxic, particularly for older children
10. Look at the four squares [▪] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
Meanwhile, some continue to remain unconvinced, citing a supposed potential of the vaccine to do
harm.
Where would the sentence fit best?
A. A B. B C. C
D. D

YOUR ANSWERS:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 4: Read the following passage then do the tasks that follow. (15 points)
HOW DOES THE BIOLOGICAL CLOCK TICK?
A. Our life span is restricted. Everyone accepts this as 'biologically' obvious. ‘Nothing lives for
ever!’ However, in this statement we think of artificially produced, technical objects, products which are
subjected to natural wear and tear during use. This leads to the result that at some time or other the object
stops working and is unusable ('death' in the biological sense). But are the wear and tear and loss of
function of technical objects and the death of living organisms really similar or comparable?
B. Our ‘dead’ products are ‘static’, closed systems. It is always the basic material which constitutes
the object and which, in the natural course of things, is worn down and becomes 'older’. Ageing in this
case must occur according to the laws of physical chemistry and of thermodynamics. Although the same
law holds for a living organism, the result of this law is not inexorable in the same way. At least as long
as a biological system has the ability to renew itself it could actually become older without ageing; an
organism is an open, dynamic system through which new material continuously flows. Destruction of old

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material and formation of new material are thus in permanent dynamic equilibrium. The material of
which the organism is formed changes continuously. Thus our bodies continuously exchange old
substance for new, just like a spring which more or less maintains its form and movement, but in which
the water molecules are always different.
C. Thus ageing and death should not be seen as inevitable, particularly as the organism possesses
many mechanisms for repair. It is not, in principle, necessary for a biological system to age and die.
Nevertheless, a restricted life span, ageing, and then death are basic characteristics of life. The reason for
this is easy to recognise: in nature, the existent organisms either adapt or are regularly replaced by new
types. Because of changes in the genetic material (mutations) these have new characteristics and in the
course of their individual lives they are tested for optimal or better adaptation to the environmental
conditions. Immortality would disturb this system - it needs room for new and better life. This is the basic
problem of evolution
D. Every organism has a life span which is highly characteristic. There are striking differences in life
span between different species, but within one species the parameter is relatively constant. For example,
the average duration of human life has hardly changed in thousands of years. Although more and more
people attain an advanced age as a result of developments in medical care and better nutrition, the
characteristic upper limit for most remains 80 years. A further argument against the simple wear and tear
theory is the observation that the time within which organisms age lies between a few days (even a few
hours for unicellular organisms) and several thousand years, as with mammoth trees.
E. If a lifespan is a genetically determined biological characteristic, it is logically necessary to
propose the existence of an internal clock, which in some way measures and controls the aging process
and which finally determines death as the last step in a fixed programme. Like the fife span, the metabolic
rate has for different organisms a fixed mathematical relationship to the body mass. In comparison to the
life span this relationship is ‘inverted’: the larger the organism the lower its metabolic rate. Again this
relationship is valid not only for birds, but also, similarly on average within the systematic unit, for all
other organisms (plants, animals, unicellular organisms).
F. Animals which behave ‘frugally’ with energy become particularly old for example, crocodiles and
tortoises. Parrots and birds of prey are often held chained up. Thus they are not able to ‘experience life’
and so they attain a high life span in captivity. Animals which save energy by hibernation or lethargy (e.g.
bats or hedgehogs) live much longer than those which are always active, The metabolic rate of mice can
be reduced by a very low consumption of food (hunger diet) They then may live twice as long as their
well fed comrades. Women become distinctly (about 10 per cent) older than men. If you examine the
metabolic rates of the two sexes you establish that the higher male metabolic rate roughly accounts for the
lower male life span. That means that they live life ‘energetically’ - more intensively, but not for as long.
G. It follows from the above that sparing use of energy reserves should tend to extend life. Extreme
high performance sports may lead to optimal cardiovascular performance, but they quite certainly do not
prolong life. Relaxation lowers metabolic rate, as does adequate sleep and in general an equable and
balanced personality. Each of us can develop his or her own ‘energy saving programme’ with a little self
observation, critical self-control and, above all, logical consistency. Experience will show that to live in
this way not only increases the life span but is also very healthy. This final aspect should not be forgotten.

The Reading Passage has seven paragraphs, A-G,

For question 1-6, choose the correct heading for paragraphs A-G from the list of headings below.
Write the correct number, i-x, in the corresponding numbered boxes.
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 LIST OF HEADINGS
i The biological clock
ii Why dying is beneficial
iii The ageing process of men and women
iv Prolonging your life
v Limitations of life span
vi Modes of development of different species
vii A stable life span despite improvements
viii Energy consumption
ix Fundamental differences in ageing of objects and organisms
x Repair of genetic material

Example answer: Paragraph A: v

YOUR ANSWERS:
1. Paragraph B 2. Paragraph C 3. Paragraph D
_______________. _______________. _______________.
4. Paragraph E 5. Paragraph F 6. Paragraph G
_______________. _______________. _______________.

Questions 7-10, complete the notes below

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in
boxes 7-10
 Objects age in accordance with principles of (7) __________ and of (8) _________
 Through mutations, organisms can (9) __________ better to the environment
 (10) __________ would pose a serious problem for the theory of evolution

YOUR ANSWERS:
7. 8. 9. 10.

D. SECTION IV: WRITING (50 points)

Part 1. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it has the same meaning as the
printed above. (10 points)
1. He is very good at cooking spaghetti.
He is a dab ___________________________________________________.
2. I’ll have to wait before I know whether he’ll keep his promise or not.
It remains ____________________________________________________.
3. I expected the book to be far better because it had been written by such a good novelist.
The book fell _________________________________________________.
4. We only came to this restaurant because you insisted that we did so.
It was at _____________________________________________________.
5. Arguing with her won’t get you anywhere.
It won’t do ___________________________________________________.

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Part 2: Rewrite the following sentences without changing their meaning, using the words given. These
words must not be changed in any way. (10 points)
1. Sally became known throughout the country as a result of her popular TV series.
(HOUSEHOLD)
Sally became ______________________________________ of her popular TV series.
2. I treated him in the same way as he had treated me.
(PAID)
I ___________________________________________________________________.
3. Jenny isn’t a bad accountant, but I don’t think it is a very suitable occupation for her.
(CUT)
I don’t think Jenny ____________________________________________________.
4. You can't just suddenly decide to go on a safari. You need to plan things very carefully.
(SPUR)
Going on safari isn't a decision you can make ______________________ moment. You need to plan
things very carefully.
5. If they ever discover your role in the incident, you will go to prison.
(LIGHT)
If your role in the incident ________________________________, you'll go to prison.

Part 3. Write about the following topic. You should write at least 200 words. (30 points)
School children are becoming far too dependent on computers. This is having an alarming effect on
reading and writing skills. Teachers need to avoid using computers in the classroom at all costs and go
back to teaching basic study skills. Do you agree or disagree?

__THE END__

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