Adjective Clause

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Adjective
Clauses
A. ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
An adjective clause is a Clause (subject and verb and other words) that describes
another word in a sentence.
In other word, adjective clause = a clause functions as adjective.
Noun Defining adjective clause
Relative Pronoun
Noun Non-defining adjective clause
Relative Pronoun
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B. Fungsi Relative Pronoun
Relative
Used for Relative Pronoun Examples
Pronoun
Andrew who sent you the gift is my

Used for People son.
Who
Refers to Subject or Object Do you know Andrew who sent you the
gift?
Used for People The lady whom we talked about is a

Whom
Refers to Object nurse.
Used for People and Animals This is the man whose money was lost
Whose
Refers to Possession in stocks.
Used for Things and Animals My son bought a Tesla which is his

Which
Refers to Subject or Object favourite car.
Used for Things

What He follows what he says.
Refers to Subject or Object
Used for People, Animals, and

That Things This is the situation that I expected.
Refers to Subject or Object
Used in place of at which Refers I know a place where we can hide this

Where
to places horse.
Used in place of on which Refer to There will be a day when you realize

When
time everything.
Used in place of for which Refer to I don’t know the reason why you have

Why
reason insulted him.
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B. Fungsi Relative Pronoun (Part 2)
Relative
Arti Fungsi
pronoun
Who Yang  Who ini digunakan untuk menggantikan ORANG dalam kalimat

yang berkedudukan sebagai SUBJEC/OBJECT.
 ... who + verb ...
Contoh kalimat
o Clara is my close friend

Clara who will come here tonight is my closefriend.
o She will come here tonight.
o The girl is my girlfrined The girl who is standing under tree is my girlfriend.

o She is standing under tree.
o
Relative
Arti Fungsi
pronoun
Whom Yang  Whom ini Digunakan untuk menerangkan noun-ORANG dalam

kalimat yang posisinya sebagai OBJECT.
 ... whom + noun (orang) ...
Contoh kalimat:
That is the man whom we met yesterday.

o That is the man
o we met him yesterday.
The man whom I don’t like are angry.

o The man are angry
o I don’t like the man.
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Relative
Arti Fungsi
pronoun
Which Yang  Digunakan untuk menrangkan noun-BENDA MATI/BINATANG

(selain orang) sebagai SUBJECT atau OBJECT.
 Ada kesmaan dengan pemakaian who dan whom, yaitu sebagai
objek.
Contoh Kalimat:
o The movie wasn’t very good

o We saw it last night. The movie which we saw last night wasn’t very good.
o We enter the restaurant

We enter the restaurant which sell drink only.
o it sell drink only.
Relative
Arti Fungsi
pronoun
That Yang That adalah relative pronoun yang berfungsi netral dan biasanya

digunakan untuk menggantikan who/whom/which.
Cara pemakaiannya sama dengan who/whom/which.
Contoh kalimat:
o The person is my father The person who phone me last night is my father.

o he phone me last night.
. The person that phone me last night is my father
o The man is sleeping in the bedroom The man whom I hate is sleeping in the bedroom.
o I hate him
The man that I hate is sleeping in the bedroom
o The cat is mine The cat which runs fast is mine.

o it runs fast
The cat that runs fast is mine.
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Relative
Arti Fungsi
pronoun
Whose Yang... nya  Whose digunakan untuk menggantikan possessive

pronoun (her, his, their, your, etc)
Contoh kalimat:
o The girl is my old friend The girl whose car is very expensive is my old friend.
o Her car is very expensive.
o The woman is my old friend

o her car I want to buy. The woman whose car I want to buy is my old friend.
Selain dari kelima relative pronoun di atas terdapat juga emat jenis lainnya dari relative pronoun,
yaitu what, where, when, why.
Relative
Arti Contoh Kalimat
pronoun
What Yang I don’t understand that. I don’t understand what she like

That is what she like
I live in a town
Tempat I live in a town where I was born.
Where there I was born
(Dimana)
I will never forget the day I will never forget the day when I
Waktu
When first meet you.
(Kapan) the day I first meet you.
Alasan I know the reason

Why I know the reason why you love her.
(mengapa)
the reason you love her
EXERCISES
A. Underline the adjectival clause, and circle the relative pronoun in each
sentence.
1.
The artists who performed now are my students.
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2.
Ben, whose contact details I have sent to you, needs help with his project.
3.
Gary whom we have recommended for captaincy is really stepping up.
4.
The original painting that the artist had signed on was a rare piece of art.
5.
We always cherish the time when we first met as kids.
6.
This small town that lies among the mountains is like from a fairy tale.
7.
Is this the coffee shop where you mostly spend your free time?
8.
The candidates who are representing our school are already here.
9.
One of my favorite movies, which has won two Oscars, is playing on TV.
10.
Joe whom we interviewed first is selected for the job.
B. Combine the sentences use an ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
1. The car is very expensive. My father buy it for my birthday present

__________________________________________________________
2. I know Ms. Maria. We met Ms. Maria at party last night
__________________________________________________________
3. I go to Paris for holiday. Paris is my favorite city.
__________________________________________________________
4. John is doing Mathematic homework. The homework must be submitted tomorrow
__________________________________________________________
5. The picture is very beautiful. Sarah was painting it.
__________________________________________________________
6. The birthday party is very interesting. I went to it.
__________________________________________________________
7. I have a new teacher. She came from England
__________________________________________________________
8. Ellis got a new package. The package was from her parents
__________________________________________________________
9. Joanna has a dinner in that restaurant. The restaurant is near the airport
__________________________________________________________
10. Michelle are sitting in the sofa. The sofa is made from sponge
__________________________________________________________
C. Choose the best answer!

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1. The university … I earned my Bachelor’s degree has built a new bussiness school
building.
a. which
b. where
c. that
2. I’d like to teach the children … were with us last weekend about forgiveness.
a. who
b. whom
c. which
3. Someone sent her a letter, … made her smile all day long.
a. whom
b. which
c. that
4. The little girl … is running down the hill is my neighbor’s daughter.

a. whom
b. who
c. which
5. The homeless was sleeping on the sidewalk, … was dirty and smell very bad.
a. that
b. which
c. where
6. Today is the day … most people in Indonesia get the day off.
a. that
b. which
c. when
7. The Bogor Palace, … was rebuilt in 1856, is one of Indonesia’s Presidential Palaces.
a. which
b. that
c. who
8. The movie … they watched was very interesting.
a. whose
b. whom
c. that
9. The student, … IQ is higher that Albert Einstein, loves to learn foreign languages.
a. who
b. whose
c. that
10. It was my classmate … hit the tennis ball over the net.
a. which
b. that
c. whom
11. Vina’s brother, … is extremely dilligent, named his new baby Tommy.
a. that
b. whom
c. who
12. The car … was bought by Adam two year ago has broken down so many times.
a. whom
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b. which
c. whose
13. The man … is eating ramen noodles on the convenience store lives near my house.
a. which
b. who
c. whom
14. The poor boy is sleeping on the mattress, … is too dirty and old.
a. which
b. that
c. whose
15. The worker … you are looking won’t be back to the office today.
a. whom
b. for whom
c. to whom
16. Marie Curie, … husband worked as a laboratory instructor, was a pioneer in the
field of radiology.
a. whose
b. who
c. whom
17. It was Sarah … couldn’t stop fooling around.

a. whom
b. that
c. which
18. People … eat fruits and vegetables may have more attractive skin color.
a. that
b. which
c. whom
19. The software … maker was unknown was used by many retailers.
a. that
b. whom
c. whose
20. The person … I want to send this package has moved to unknown location.
a. to whom
b. whom
c. from whom
***

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P a g e | 12

In other word, adjective clause = a clause functions as adjective.

Noun Defining adjective clause

Noun Non-defining adjective clause

B. Fungsi Relative Pronoun

Andrew who sent you the gift is my

Used for People The lady whom we talked about is a

Used for Things and Animals My son bought a Tesla which is his

Used for Things

Used for People, Animals, and

Used in place of at which Refers I know a place where we can hide this

Used in place of on which Refer to There will be a day when you realize

Used in place of for which Refer to I don’t know the reason why you have

B. Fungsi Relative Pronoun (Part 2)

Who Yang  Who ini digunakan untuk menggantikan ORANG dalam kalimat

o Clara is my close friend

o The girl is my girlfrined The girl who is standing under tree is my girlfriend.

Whom Yang  Whom ini Digunakan untuk menerangkan noun-ORANG dalam

That is the man whom we met yesterday.

The man whom I don’t like are angry.

Which Yang  Digunakan untuk menrangkan noun-BENDA MATI/BINATANG

o The movie wasn’t very good

o We enter the restaurant

That Yang That adalah relative pronoun yang berfungsi netral dan biasanya

Cara pemakaiannya sama dengan who/whom/which.

o The person is my father The person who phone me last night is my father.

o The cat is mine The cat which runs fast is mine.

Whose Yang... nya  Whose digunakan untuk menggantikan possessive

o The woman is my old friend

What Yang I don’t understand that. I don’t understand what she like

Alasan I know the reason

B. Combine the sentences use an ADJECTIVE CLAUSE

1. The car is very expensive. My father buy it for my birthday present

C. Choose the best answer!

4. The little girl … is running down the hill is my neighbor’s daughter.

17. It was Sarah … couldn’t stop fooling around.

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