Lesson 1 (Part 3) - History of Visual Arts

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO VISUAL ARTS
LESSON 1 (PART 3):

HISTORY OF
VISUAL ARTS
Presented by: Joan Elizabeth G. Ibay
Presentation
Outline
POINTS FOR DISCUSSION
History of Visual Arts

Rocco to Neoclassicism
Romantic and Academic Art
Modernism
Contemporary Art
GEE3 - Reading Visual Arts

History of
VISUAL ARTS
Early Art Renaissance The Baroque Era

3000 BCE - 1300 CE 1300 - 1700 1600 - 1700

History of
VISUAL ARTS
Rocco to Romantic and Modernism Contemporary Art

Neoclassicism Academic Art 1900 - 1970 1970 - PRESENT
1700-1800 1800 - 1900

HISTORY OF VISUAL ARTS
ROCCO TO
NEOCLASSICISM
C. 1700-1800
ENLIGHTENMENT
This is the period wherein people
believe that human reason would resolve political and
religious dilemmas
explain the workings of the world, the universe, and
human nature
create harmonious relationships in which superstition,
tyranny, slavery, and oppression would be eliminated
Here, there was an emphasis on “a pursuit of happiness”
that manifested itself in many ways.
Enlightenment also liked intellectual and emotional
dualities.
Rococo Neo-
Classicism
Rococo with its
light-hearted Neoclassicism
subjects, with its serious
delicate colors, historical subjects,
and asymmetric straight lines, and
curves precise outlines
emphasizing prioritizing
frivolity, and morality and self-
sensuality. denial.
THE ROCOCO
By the early 18th century, the heroic
certainties of the Baroque were giving
way to the elegant intricacies of
Rococo.
A conspicuously courtly painting style,
it appealed to sophisticated,
aristocratic patrons.
As a reflection of a supremely
cultivated society, it was briefly
supreme.
Audora Art Gallery | 2020

STYLES SUBJECTS
Light colors and neat brushwork Rococo painting concentrated on
Shimmering surfaces aristocratic dalliance, small scale,
Luxuriant Landscape backgrounds and highly wrought.
Idealized world, elegant and Rococo rarely lent itself to religious
seemingly effortless subjects.
Allure is everything In the mid-18th century, Rococo
was being criticized for these
apparent frivolities.
An Italianate River Landscape by Francesco Zuccarelli, Marriage à la Mode: VI, The Lady’s Death William Hogarth
Mr. and Mrs. Andrews Thomas Gainsborough The Drummond Family Johann Zoffany
NEO-CLASSICISM
Neoclassicism was a deliberate reaction
against the decorative priorities of the
Rococo.
It was a self-conscious return to what was
thought the absolute, severe standards of
the ancient world.
On the whole, it generated huge, dreary
paintings of “improving” history subjects,
and radically fused contemporary political
concerns with a new artistic language.

STYLES SUBJECTS
Neoclassical works became measured, Overwhelmingly, subjects from Classical
grave, and self consciously noble. literature and history were favored.
Color schemes are often somber, Religious subjects always coexisted
though with brilliant highlights. uneasily with Neoclassicism.
Paint is applied with smoothly precise Self-sacrifice and self-denying heroism
consistency. were recurring themes.
Light falls evenly, draperies are simple Underlining the supposed moral worth
and chaste, poses invariably sternly and superiority, and thus truth, of ancient
heroic art.
ROMANTIC AND
ACADEMIC ART
c. 1800 - 1900
NATIONALISM AND REVOLUTION
In this era, the decisive event was the resurgence of France under the
galvanizing influence of Napoleon.
In 1812, at the height of Napoleon’s success, French rule extended across

almost the whole of western Europe. Only Britain, Portugal, and
Scandinavia remained free of French control.
Growing demands for self-rule by oppressed minorities saw Belgium,

Greece, Serbia, and Romania emerge as independent nations by the end
of the century.
Industrialization also changed the lives of the people and restructured

the society.

Romanticism Academic Art
Romanticism Academicism was
was embraced supported by
by those who those who resisted
wanted to change and
redefine the wanted art to
place of art and maintain the
humankind in a cultural and social
rapidly status quo.
changing world.
ROMANTICISM
As the rationalism promised by the
Enlightenment dissolved in the
bloodletting of the French Revolution,
artists struggled to come to terms with a
world that had plunged from apparent
certainty into chaos.
Heroic individualism defined Romanticism.
It also marked a decisive break with the
conformities of the past.

STYLES SUBJECTS
Self-expression in the modern sense Heightened emotions dominated.
inevitably led to a huge variety of Movement, color, and drama were
artistic styles. actively championed, exoticism
The desire to see everything as larger favored.
than life frequently expressed itself in This was a world of vast, elemental
bold color, vigorous brushwork, and forces, frequently destructive,
themes of love, death, heroism, and almost always beyond the reach of
the wonders of nature. man to control.
ACADEMICISM
Academies were the official institutions,
funded by a princely ruler or a State, that
arranged and promoted exhibitions,
organized art education, and dictated rules
and standards.
Enormously influential between the mid-
17th and late 19th centuries, the first
academy was founded in Florence in 1562.

MODERNISM
c. 1900 - 1970
MODERN ART
CUBISM EXPRESSIONISM ABSTRACTION

Cubism was the most
Expressionism is any style A true example of abstract
significant art and design
that conveys heightened art has intellectual or
innovation of the 20th
sensibility through distortion emotional meaning (or
century.
of e.g. color, drawing, space, both) but does not represent
scale, form, and/or intense or imitate any visible object
Similar in effect and
subject matter, or a or figure.
consequence to the
combination of these.
invention of the internal
Good abstract art is not easy
combustion engine,
to get to grips with, but it
manned flight, and wireless
will reward the effort
communications—all of
involved.
them developed at about
the same time.
CUBISM EXPRESSIONISM ABSTRACTION
The Cubist style emphasized Expressionist art tried to convey emotion It is characterized by non-
the flat, two-dimensional and meaning rather than reality. naturalistic imagery,
surface of the picture plane Expressionism refers to art in which the typically geometrical shapes
It employs geometric shapes image of reality is distorted in order to
in depictions of humans and make it expressive of the artist's inner
other forms. feelings or ideas.
CONTEMPORARY
ART
c. 1970 -
CONTEMPORARY ART
ART AND TECHNOLOGY
The place of new technologies in contemporary art
is ambiguous.
THE FUTURE
Western art reflects many of today’s headline issues:
among them, political correctness, green issues and
global warming, gender matters, health, and they
wish to deny the inevitability of aging and death.
The most prominent feature of
contemporary art is the fact
that it has no distinct feature
or a single characteristic. It is
defined by the artist's ability to
innovate and bring out a
modern masterpiece.
QUESTION?
References
Cumming, R. (2005). Eyewitness Companions: Art. United States of America: DK Publishing, Inc.
DeWitte, D., Larmann, R., & Shields, M. (2018). Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts. United
States of America: Thames & Hudson
The changing world of visual arts. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.toppr.com/guides/history/the-
changing-world-of-visual-arts/the-history-of-visualarts/
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (n.d.). Art history: visual arts. Retrieved from
https://www.britannica.com/art/art-history
Visual art. (n.d.). PBS Learning Media. Retrieved from https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/subjects/the-
arts/visual-art/society-and-history-of-visualart/

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO VISUAL ARTS

LESSON 1 (PART 3):

History of Visual Arts

GEE3 - Reading Visual Arts

Early Art Renaissance The Baroque Era

GEE3 - Reading Visual Arts

Rocco to Romantic and Modernism Contemporary Art

GEE3 - Reading Visual Arts

Audora Art Gallery | 2020

Audora Art Gallery | 2020

In 1812, at the height of Napoleon’s success, French rule extended across

Growing demands for self-rule by oppressed minorities saw Belgium,

Industrialization also changed the lives of the people and restructured

Audora Art Gallery | 2020

Audora Art Gallery | 2020

Audora Art Gallery | 2020

CUBISM EXPRESSIONISM ABSTRACTION

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