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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Sagittal View of Lower Urinary Tract
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Sagittal View of Lower Urinary Tract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is probably the most common neoplastic growth observed in men. It starts developing in the periurethral glands inside the prostate. Prostate growth begins at birth and continues at a very slow rate through puberty. The prostate grows more rapidly through the third decade. After 45 years of age, a benign hyperplasia may take place, which can evolve during the rest of the mans life, leading to hypertrophy. However, pathological changes may never occur.
POSTMICTIONAL DRIPPING
TREATMENT
Medications may be used to improve and/or prevent BPH. Surgery: There are various forms involving the removal of the central growing core of the prostate.
The illustration shows the bladder with hypertrophy of the detrusor muscle and the cells, columns, and diverticuli inside that compose the concordant bladder. The prostatic growth that causes the obstruction of the vesical neck can also be seen. With the increasing urethral compression as a result of the growing adenoma, the patient presents a series of symptoms called prostatism, consisting in alterations of the calibre and strength of urine flow, hesitancy (delayed start of urination), inability to stop urination, prolonged dribbling after urination, vesical tenesmus, nocturia, and even urinary retention.
Ureter
Pyramidal muscle
Bladder
Seminal vesicle
Ischiopubic ramus
Membranous urethra
There are two specific areas in the prostate: an internal area stimuated by oestrogens, and an external area modulated by androgens. After 40 years of age, nodular hyperplasia begins, where the collagen tissue intercalates with glandular acini and progresses, reaching two possible forms: 1. Rigid, nodular and fibrous, without significant size changes 2. Large adenoma which compresses the prostatic urethra
The subcervical development of lateral lobes raises the muscular ring of the vesical neck, resulting in the so-called median lobe. When the lobes grow laterally, they do so eccentrically or concentrically. The adenoma compress the muscular fibers against residual glandular tissue, forming the surgical capsule.
Aspen Pharmacare Australia Pty Ltd, 3436 Chandos Street, St Leonards NSW 2065 ABN 51 096 236 985 | Tel. +61 2 8436 8300 | [email protected] | www.aspenpharma.com.au
FD10099 First Issued 11/2010