Lesson 2C

Lesson 2C:
 Os plat
A. CRANIAL BONES: B. OS ILIAQUES
-frontal has 2 faces :
-occipital -face interne
-temporal -face externe
-parietal
-sphenoid
-ethmoid
C. OMOPLAT
-has 2 faces : antérieur (face costale) et postérieur (face costale)
-has 3 bords :
 Bord supérieur ou bord cervical

 Bord spinal ou bord interne
 Bord externe ou bord axillaire
-has 3 angles :
 Angle supéro--interne
 Angle supéro--externe
 Angle supéro-inferieur
D. ROTULE
-has 2 faces :
 Face antérieure
 Face postérieure
A. ការសិក្សាពីឆ្អឹងលលដក្បាល le crane
-has 2 faces
1. Face interne:
 ផ្ទៃខាងក្នុងគឺ La cavité crânienne

 ដែលព៍ទ្វជុំវិញដោយស្រោមខួរ méninge នៅខាងក្រៅស្រោមខួរដែលមានស្នា មសរសៃឈាម Artère méninge
ុ ចូលទៅក្នុងឆ្អឹង
moyenne ឆ្លងកាត់នៅ Face interne du parietal ស្នា មទ្រត
 ខាងក្នុងស្រោមខួរមានខួរក្បាល
2. Face externe:
 ផ្នែកខាងមុខគឹឆង្អឹ frontal មានជាប់សាច់ដុំ

 ផ្នែកខាងក្រោយកឺឆ្អឹង occipital មានជាប់សាច់ដុំដែរ
Face latérale du crane Cavité crânienne : table externe, table interne

B. omoplate ou scapula
-has 2 faces
 Face costale : muscle sous scapulaire

 Face dorsale :
divided into 2 by épine
-ខាងលើ epine មានស្នា មខូងមួយហៅថា
fosse sus épineux and is attached to muscle sus épineux
-ខាងក្រោមមានស្នា មខូងមួយហៅថា fosse sous epineux and is attached to muscle sous epineux
-has 3 bords
 Bord superieur ou bord cervical (attach to 2 muscles)

 Bord spinal ou bord interne (one muscle)
 Bord axillaire ou bord externe (2 muscles)
-has 3 angles
 Angle supéro--interne, muscle omo-hoidien

 Angle supéro--externe, muscle angulaire or M. élévateur du scapula, glénoïdes cavité that has a
articular surface with the head of the humerus
+ above this cavity, there is a bump called: tubercule sus glenoide that is attached to the
longitudinal tendon of the brachial biceps (longue portion du muscle biceps brachial)
+below this cavity: tuber sous glenoide that is attached to the longitudinal tendon of the
brachial triceps ( longue portion du muscle triceps brachial)
 Angle inferieur- m. grand dorsale interne
9- Muscle sub-scapula
17- Muscle petit rond
21- Muscle infra-épineux
10- Muscle dentelé antérieur
18- Muscle trapèze
19- Muscle deltoïde
20- Muscle supra-épineu
C. OS ILIAQUE OU OS COXAL
-has 2 faces :
1. Face interne : the surface are divided into 2 by ligne inominee
 ខាងលើពី fosse iliaque interne that is attached to the m. iliaque interne

 ខាងក្រោម៖មាន corps du pubis
 មានជាប់សាច់ដុំ
 មាន trou obturateur មួយ
2. Face externe
 Fosse iliaque externe has 3 muscles attachements

 Muscle grand fessier
 Muscle moyen fessier
 Muscle petit fessier
 Cavitè ctyloide ou acètabulum មួយវាជាប់សន្លក់ជាមួយក្បាលឆ្អឹង femur
-has 4 bords
 Bord supérieur មានរាងដូចជាអក្សរ S ផ្តេកទ្រវែងនិមមាជាប់ 6 muscles :

 ខាងមុខជាប់សាច់ដ៣ុំ
 ខាងក្រោយជាប់សាច់ដុំ៣
 Bord anterieur
 Epine iliaque antéro-supérieure (EIAS) or Anterior Superior Illiac Pine has 2 muscle
attachments :
 Muscle tenseur du fascia lata
 Muscle sartorius ou muscle couturier
 Ligament inguinal
 Epine illiaque antero-inferieur (EIAI) or Anterior inferior iliac spine: has one muscle
attachment
 Eminence ilio-pubienne or iliopubic emminence : has one muscle attachement
 Tubercule pubien or Pubic tubercule : has 2 muscles has one ligament
 Bord inférieur (la branche ishcio-pubienne) has 6 muscles attachements

 Bord postérieur
 Epine iliaque postéro-supérieur (EIPS) or Posterior superior iliac pine
 Epine iliaque postéro-inferieur (EIPS) or Posterior inferior iliac pine
 Grand èchancrure sciatique (greater sciatic notch) មានឆ្លងកាត់
Grand nerf sciatique ou
nerf ischiatique
 Epine sciatique : has 2 muscle attachements
 Tubérosite ishciatique (figure 8) has one muscle attachement- Muscle ischio-
jambier ដែលមានសាច់ដុំ៣
7. គែមផ្ទៃសន្លា ក់ acetabulum (Bony

margin of acetabulum
8. Head of femur
9. Femur
10. epine du pubis (Pubic tubercule)
11. Obturator foramen
12. Ramus of ischium
5, 13. Lignee innomineè
Anterior View HIP JOINT Posterior view

រូបបង្ហា ញពីឈ្មោ ះឆ្អងឹ ផាលនៅ face externe និងឈ្មោ ះគែមទាំង៤ les 4 bords de l’ os iliaque
រូបនេះបង្ហា ញពីគែមលើ(bord sup) or crete iliaque and muscle attachments
ខាងមុខជាប់ grand oblique, petite oblique, m. transverse
-
ខាងក្រោយជាប់ grand dorsale, carré des lombes, masse sacro-lombaire and ligament ilio-lombaire
-
Os iliaque :
Faces externe et Bord supérieur, B.Antérieur, B.Inférieur, B.

postérieur
 B A:
• M. Tenseur fascia lata
• M. Couturier ou gracil
• Ligament inguinal
• Droit antérieur (tendon direct)
• Ligament de Bertin
• M. pectiné
• Ligament inguinal
• M. Grand droit de l’abdomen
•BI:
• M. Moyne adducteur
• M. Petit adducteur
• M. grand adducteur
D. Rotule
-a flat bone which is also called “seasamoide”
-has 2 faces:
 Face antierieure
 Face postérieure
FACE ANTÉRIEURE
- ឆឹងអង្គញុ rotule ស្ថិតនៅចន្លោ ះសន្លា ក់ក្បាលជង្គង់ហើយវាជាប្រដាប់ទាញសន្ធងឹ ជើង or appariel extenseur de la jambe

-face antierieur ឆ្លងកាត់ដោយ expansion fibreuse ដែលជាសារធាតុអោយរអិលរបស់ក្បាលជង្គង់
-ខាងលើ face anterieur គេហៅបាតឆ្អងឹ (la base) which attaches to tendon du muscle quadriceps
- ខាងក្រោម face anterieur គឺជាកំពលូ (sommet de la rotule) attaches to tendon or ligament rotulien
FACE POSTÉRIEURE: ផ្ទៃនេះសន្លា ក់ជាមួយនឹង La trochlée fémorale ហើយជុំវញិ នៃ face has capsule articulaire
Les bords latéraux

-attaches to aileron rotulien
 Les os court
Includes : carpe and tarse
- ឆ្អងឹ ទាំងនេះគេចាត់ទុកជាឆ្អឹងដែល វាមានទ្រង់ទ្រាយ ទំហមំ ិនស្មើគ្នា ដែរដូចគ្នា នឹងឆ្អឹងកងដែរ

- ផ្ទៃសងខាងជុំវិញនៃឆ្អឹងកដៃរឹឆ្អឹងកជើងវាច្រើនតែមានផ្ទៃសន្លា ក់
Os carpe: 2s, 2p, 2t, 2o
 2s=scaphoide, semi lunaire

 2p=pyramidal, pisiforme
 2t=trapéze, trepezoide
 2o=grand os, os crochu
- ផ្ទៃខាងមុខរឺខាងលើ និងផ្ទៃខាងក្រោយរឺខាងក្រោម វាច្រើនតែមានជាប់ពពួក ligaments ហើយឆ្អឹងខ្លះមានជាប់សាច់ដុំផងដែរ

Ligament radio-carpien
Face dorsale du carpe
Tarse has 2 divisions :
-Tarse antérieure (5)
 Scaphoid
 Cuboide
 3 cuneiformes
-Tarse postérieur (2)
 Astragale ou talus
 Calcanéium
-it also attaches to ligaments and

muscles of the foot
 Les os Irrégulier (colonne vertebrale)
-la colonne cevicale (C1-C7 or C8)
-la colonne thoracique ou colonne dorsale (T1-T12 or D1-D12)
-la colonne lombaire (L 1-L5)
-sacrum (S1-S5) which later merged as 1
-coccyx (3-6) which later merge as 1

Lesson 2C

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Lesson 2C

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Lesson 2C:

A. CRANIAL BONES: B. OS ILIAQUES

-frontal has 2 faces :

-occipital -face interne

-temporal -face externe

-has 2 faces : antérieur (face costale) et postérieur (face costale)

 Bord supérieur ou bord cervical

 ផ្ទៃខាងក្នុងគឺ La cavité crânienne

 ផ្នែកខាងមុខគឹឆង្អឹ frontal មានជាប់សាច់ដុំ

Face latérale du crane Cavité crânienne : table externe, table interne

 Face costale : muscle sous scapulaire

 Bord superieur ou bord cervical (attach to 2 muscles)

 Angle supéro--interne, muscle omo-hoidien

17- Muscle petit rond

21- Muscle infra-épineux

10- Muscle dentelé antérieur

18- Muscle trapèze

19- Muscle deltoïde

20- Muscle supra-épineu

1. Face interne : the surface are divided into 2 by ligne inominee

 ខាងលើពី fosse iliaque interne that is attached to the m. iliaque interne

 មាន trou obturateur មួយ

 Fosse iliaque externe has 3 muscles attachements

 Bord supérieur មានរាងដូចជាអក្សរ S ផ្តេកទ្រវែងនិមមាជាប់ 6 muscles :

 Bord inférieur (la branche ishcio-pubienne) has 6 muscles attachements

7. គែមផ្ទៃសន្លា ក់ acetabulum (Bony

10. epine du pubis (Pubic tubercule)

11. Obturator foramen

12. Ramus of ischium

5, 13. Lignee innomineè

Anterior View HIP JOINT Posterior view

Faces externe et Bord supérieur, B.Antérieur, B.Inférieur, B.

-a flat bone which is also called “seasamoide”

- ឆឹងអង្គញុ rotule ស្ថិតនៅចន្លោ ះសន្លា ក់ក្បាលជង្គង់ហើយវាជាប្រដាប់ទាញសន្ធងឹ ជើង or appariel extenseur de la jambe

Les bords latéraux

- ឆ្អងឹ ទាំងនេះគេចាត់ទុកជាឆ្អឹងដែល វាមានទ្រង់ទ្រាយ ទំហមំ ិនស្មើគ្នា ដែរដូចគ្នា នឹងឆ្អឹងកងដែរ

 2s=scaphoide, semi lunaire

- ផ្ទៃខាងមុខរឺខាងលើ និងផ្ទៃខាងក្រោយរឺខាងក្រោម វាច្រើនតែមានជាប់ពពួក ligaments ហើយឆ្អឹងខ្លះមានជាប់សាច់ដុំផងដែរ

Face dorsale du carpe

Tarse has 2 divisions :

-Tarse antérieure (5)

-Tarse postérieur (2)

-it also attaches to ligaments and

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