SUMMER HOMEWORK

CONSOLIDATION
3 ESO

NAME:___________________________________________

COURSE:______

DATE:__________________________________
UNIT 1

Vocabulary
1 Tick ( ) the sentences T (true) or F (false). Pay attention to the words in bold.
T F
1. People often eat carrots in salad. …… ……
2. Water is a fizzy drink. …… ……
3. Vegetarians eat a lot of beef. …… ……
4. Crisps are a breakfast food. …… ……
5. Watermelon is a type of fruit. …… ……
6. You can buy chocolate with nuts. …… ……
7. People usually put olive oil in ice cream. …… ……
8. There are green and red peppers. …… ……
9. Biscuits are a snack food. …… ……
10. People often put popcorn in milk. …… ……

Grammar

2 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Simple.
1. Betty never …………………… (wash) the dishes.
2. …………………… you …………………… (buy) bread at this bakery?
3. We often …………………… (have) beef for dinner.
4. Chris …………………… (not drink) tea.
5. People …………………… (watch) TV at night.
6. I …………………… (not want) to eat fish now.

3 Write sentences with the words below. Use the Present Continuous.
1. we / put / dinner / on the table / now / .
............................................................................................................................................
2. at the moment / Dan / order / ice cream / .
............................................................................................................................................
3. she / eat / a healthy snack / ?
............................................................................................................................................
4. I / not drink / orange juice / now / .
............................................................................................................................................
5. the children / bake / biscuits / right now / ?
............................................................................................................................................

1
4 Choose the correct time expressions.
1. What is Janice eating never / at the moment / tomorrow?
2. Do you at the moment / often / every day clean your room?
3. Our grandparents today / right now / always give us gifts at Christmas.
4. The students are making sandwiches for the trip now / every day / often.
5. Steve doesn’t now / usually / tomorrow have breakfast before he goes to school.

5 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Simple or Present Continuous.
1. Quiet! I ……………………………… (try) to concentrate.
2. Jane ……………………………… (study) the piano on Mondays.
3. We ……………………………… (not have) lunch now.
4. The teacher ……………………………… (not give) us homework on Fridays.
5. Where …………………… you …………………… (go) every day after school?

6 Complete the questions with the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Simple or Present Continuous.
Then answer the questions so they are true for you.
1. Where …………………… your best friend …………………… (live)?
............................................................................................................................................
2. What …………………… you …………………… (wear) at the moment?
............................................................................................................................................
3. When …………………… you …………………… (go) to bed at night?
............................................................................................................................................
4. What …………………… you and your friends usually …………………… (do) at weekends?
............................................................................................................................................
5. What book …………………… you …………………… (read) right now?
............................................................................................................................................

2
UNIT 2

Vocabulary

1 Find words in the puzzle and complete the sentences.

cartonbottlerubbishbincanjarcardboard

1. The fizzy drink is in an aluminium … … … .

2. Put the … … … … … … … … … in the paper recycling bin.
3. I’ve got water in my … … … … … … .
4. You put waste in a … … … … … … … … … … .
5. You can buy milk in a … … … … … … .
6. There’s some sauce in a glass … … … in the fridge.

2 Match the materials in A to the items in B.

A B
1. glass
a b c
2. metal
3. cloth
4. paper
5. wood d e f
6. plastic

Grammar
3 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple.
1. Pam …………………… (dance) with Ashton at the party.
2. I …………………… (study) for the test at the weekend.
3. Last night, we …………………… (have) beef for dinner.
4. Yesterday, Mum …………………… (buy) flowers and she …………………… (plant) them in the garden
this morning.
5. Janis …………………… (put) the bottles in a carton and her dad …………………… (carry) them to the
recycling bin.

3
4 Write sentences with the words below. Use the Past Simple.
1. Jay / not stop / at the bakery / before school / .
............................................................................................................................................
2. you / get / peppers / for the salad / ?
............................................................................................................................................
3. I / prepare / breakfast / an hour ago / .
............................................................................................................................................
4. Andrea / not wash / the jars / .
............................................................................................................................................
5. why / the students / bring / wood / to school / ?
............................................................................................................................................
6. what / your brother / do / last Wednesday / ?
............................................................................................................................................

5 What were John and his family doing at 7.00 yesterday? Complete the sentences with
the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Continuous.

1. John ……………………………………… (not watch) television.

He ……………………………………… (study) for an exam.
2. John’s dad ……………………………………… (carry) old bottles and his sisters
……………………………………… (hold) a big bag with cans. They ………………………………………
(walk) to the recycling bin.
3. John’s mum ……………………………………… (not take) the rubbish to the rubbish bin.
She ……………………………………… (put) a chicken in the oven.
4. John’s brother ……………………………………… (not ride) his bike.
He ……………………………………… (play) with the dog.
5. John’s grandparents ……………………………………… (not help) John.
They ……………………………………… (sit) in the garden and they ………………………………………
(read) the newspaper.

4
UNIT 3

Vocabulary

1 Complete the puzzle and find out what Angela wants to be.

1 2 3 4

5 6 7

1. … … … … ………
2. … … … ………………
3. …… … … … ………………
4. …… … … …
5. … … … … ………
6. …… … … …
7. … … … … …… … … … ……

Angela wants to be a ………………… .

2 Match the jobs in A to the places of work in B.

A B
1. cook ....... a. swimming pool
2. lifeguard ....... b. hospital
3. film producer ....... c. car factory
4. nurse ....... d. studio
5. shop assistant ....... e. restaurant
6. engineer ....... f. department store

5
Grammar

3 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Simple.
1. The nurse …………………… (work) in that hospital for two years.
2. The cleaners …………………… (not wash) the windows yet.
3. You …………………… (not pay) the cashier for those shoes.
4. She …………………… (play) football for years but she …………………… (not score) any goals.
5. I …………………… (visit) Paris four times but I …………………… (not be) to London.

4 Look at the chart and write what the teenagers have and haven’t done in the last week.

Harry Kate Charles Beth

prepare a meal
meet a pilot
ride on a bus
go to school

Harry and Kate haven’t prepared a meal.

1. ............................................................................................................................................
2. ............................................................................................................................................
3. ............................................................................................................................................
4. ............................................................................................................................................
5. ............................................................................................................................................
6. ............................................................................................................................................

5 Choose the correct answers.

1. Has the childminder fed the baby yet / already / ever?
2. We have ever / just / never swum in the sea because I hate salty water.
3. The cleaner has already / yet / ever washed all the windows.
4. Daniel Radcliffe has been an actor for / since / already he was five years old.
5. My hairdresser has ever / just / yet opened a new salon.
6. Have you ever / yet / since eaten spicy ice cream?

6
READING AND WRITING UNITS 1-2-3

1 The words below appear in the text in Exercise 2. Find the words and guess their meanings. Use a
dictionary to check your guesses.
1. spaceship …………………… 3. rocket ……………………
2. screen …………………… 4. spacesuit ……………………

2 Read the text. Then complete the sentences below.

EATING AT MARS 2112

Are you looking for a different type of restaurant? Then Mars 2112 is the place for
you. Mars 2112 is a popular restaurant in New York City. But it’s not an ordinary
restaurant. People don’t come to Mars 2112 for the food. They come for an
interesting and fun experience.
The name Mars 2112 comes from the red planet – Mars. Going to the restaurant is
like visiting a different world. You sit in a “spaceship” – a room with some chairs in
front of a screen. There are a lot of lights and the room begins to move. On the
screen, you see pictures of a rocket, stars and a planet. Five minutes later, you
“land” on Mars – well, actually the dining room. It’s a big room with rocky walls and
red lights. Around 500 people can eat in it. Waiters in spacesuits bring your food,
and everything has got a Martian name like Full Moon Pizza, Martian Soup or Red
Star Fried Chicken. There are video games and music videos to entertain you, too.
The restaurant is very popular and there is usually a long queue of people in front of
it. A meal at Mars 2112 is a lot of fun.

1. People go to Mars 2112 for ...................................................................................................... .

2. The dining room is similar to the planet Mars because ........................................................... .
3. The waiters wear ...................................................................................................................... .
4. At the restaurant, you can play ................................................................................................ .
5. Many people usually wait to ..................................................................................................... .

3 Write questions with the words below. Then answer the questions according to the text
in Exercise 2.
1. how much time / it / take / to “land” on Mars
............................................................................................................................................
2. what / you / see / in the “spaceship”
............................................................................................................................................
3. how many people / the restaurant / serve
............................................................................................................................................
4. what / people / eat / at the restaurant
............................................................................................................................................

7
4 Complete the chart below about an unusual restaurant that you have visited or heard about. Then
write an e-mail to a friend describing it.

Name of restaurant: ....................................................................................

Address: .....................................................................................................
Type of restaurant: .....................................................................................
Types of food: .............................................................................................
Reason why you like it: ..............................................................................
.....................................................................................................................

8
UNIT 4

Vocabulary

1 Complete the words. Then match them to the correct pictures.

1. h……h h……l… a b c
2. ……r…i…g
3. …l…tf……m ……o…s
4. …r……e…et d e f
5. …l…p-f…o…s
6. n……k……c…
7. b…o…s…
g h i
8. h……d
9. li……t…c…

2 Complete the sentences with the words below.

cap • make-up • mini skirt • ring • sleeve • sunglasses • piercings

1. A ……………………………… is a part of a shirt or sweater.

2. You wear a ……………………………… on a finger.
3. A ……………………………… is always short.
4. You protect your eyes with ……………………………… .
5. Amy has got three ……………………………… – two in her ears and one in her nose.
6. You wear a ……………………………… on your head.
7. ……………………………… can make your eyes beautiful.

Grammar

3 Complete the sentences with the comparative form of the adjectives in brackets.
1. My sweater is ……………………………… (warm) my jacket.
2. The new fashion designer is ……………………………… (creative) the old one.
3. The long earrings are ……………………………… (silly) the short ones.
4. The bikini is ……………………………… (small) the swimsuit.
5. Kevin’s sunglasses are ……………………………… (unusual) Barbara’s.
6. On cold days, long sleeves are ……………………………… (good) short sleeves.

9
4 Complete the sentences with the superlative form of the adjectives in brackets.
1. Those high heels are ……………………………… (nice) shoes in the shop.
2. Jacques designed ……………………………… (amazing) dresses in the fashion show.
3. Are platform shoes ……………………………… (bad) type of shoes for your feet?
4. I didn’t wear my coat because it was ……………………………… (hot) day of the year.
5. The blonde model is ……………………………… (attractive) model in the advert.
6. Green is ……………………………… (ugly) colour for lipstick.

5 Choose the correct answers.

1. My bag is heavier than / the heaviest your bag.
2. The trainers are more expensive than / the most expensive the flip-flops.
3. Fashion Now is more boring than / the most boring programme on TV.
4. Abby’s dress is shorter than / the shortest a mini skirt.
5. Mum thinks piercings are more disgusting than / the most disgusting fashion in the world.
6. Look at that silly hat. It’s funnier than / the funniest hat in the shop.

10
UNIT 5

Vocabulary

1 Where can you find these things? Complete the words.

1. …r… g……l…r…

2. …a……

3. o…f…c…

4. r…s…de…tia… n……ghb…ur…oo…

5. …r…i… …t…ti…n

6. …qu………

7. t…n……s c……r…

8. p…a……r……n…

2 Match the places in A to the things people do there in B.

A B
1. power station ....... a. watch plays
2. theatre ....... b. wait for transport
3. basketball court ....... c. provide electricity
4. concert hall ....... d. play ball games
5. bus stop ....... e. work in offices
6. skyscraper ....... f. listen to music

11
Grammar

3 Write the words in the correct order to make predictions for the year 2500.
Use will or won’t.
1. to school / students / not go
............................................................................................................................................
2. be / planet / hot / too / the / for people
............................................................................................................................................
3. in space / there / residential neighbourhoods / be
............................................................................................................................................
4. in their ears / communicate / people / with telephones
............................................................................................................................................
5. doctors / solutions / medical problems / discover / to
............................................................................................................................................

4 Look at the diaries of Lisa and Tom. Then write sentences about their plans. Use the words below
and the affirmative or negative form of be going to.

Lisa
11.00 – meet Tom at tennis court
2.00 – hairdresser’s appointment
7.00 – dinner with friends at new
Chinese restaurant

Tom
8.00 – be at bus stop early –
important meeting at office
11.00 – meet Lisa at tennis court
5.00 – shopping with Debby

1. Lisa and Tom / play tennis

............................................................................................................................................
2. Lisa / stay home / in the afternoon
............................................................................................................................................
3. Tom / drive / to the office
............................................................................................................................................
4. Lisa / have dinner / at home
............................................................................................................................................
5. Tom and Debby / go shopping / before dinner
............................................................................................................................................

12
UNIT 6

Vocabulary

1 Find six words in the puzzle. Then use them to complete the sentences below.

r i n g t o n e d s h
a v o i c e m a i l e
r a h n i s t a s l a
l y o r e k e y p a d
n a l o s h n i l s s
s i c a l e n d a r e
m e l m k l a h y r t

1. You can leave me a message on my …………………… .

2. Which song have you chosen for your …………………… ?
3. My mum’s calling. Here’s her name on the …………………… .
4. You can talk with a …………………… when you can’t hold your phone.
5. Use the …………………… to write your text messages.
6. Can you have lunch with me tomorrow? Check your …………………… .

2 Choose the correct answers.

1. I get up in the morning when my … rings.
a. alarm clock b. calendar c. voicemail
2. We took photos at the concert with our … .
a. ringtones b. video calling c. digital cameras
3. You can see the names of your callers with … .
a. caller ID b. voicemail c. video calling
4. You must have a … for your mobile phone.
a. touch screen b. calendar c. mobile phone charger
5. With … , you can see your callers and they can see you.
a. a ringtone b. video calling c. caller ID
6. My new mobile phone has got … , not a keypad.
a. an alarm clock b. a touch screen c. a headset

13
Grammar

3 Complete the sentences with the verbs below. Use can, can’t, could or couldn’t.
bake • go • play • speak • swim

1. My mum is a good cook. She ……………………………… delicious biscuits.

2. I ……………………………… to the party yesterday because I was ill.
3. My father knows French and Spanish. He ……………………………… two languages.
4. My sister is frightened of the sea because she ……………………………… .
5. My brother is very musical. He ……………………………… the piano when he was three years old.

4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of must, should or have to. There may be more than
one possible answer.
1. You …………………… pay. The tickets are free.
2. That ring is nice. You …………………… buy it.
3. Hurry! We …………………… go now!
4. You …………………… talk on your mobile phone in the shower.
5. You …………………… say anything about the party. It’s a surprise.

5 Read the mini-dialogues and choose the best replies.

1. Son: It’s cold and cloudy outside.
Mum: a. You can’t wear flip-flops.
b. You should wear warm clothes.
2. Jack: I need to buy a mobile phone charger today.
Gena: a. I can go with you after school.
b. You must buy an expensive one.
3. Cory: Why didn’t you answer Mr Jones’ question?
Greg: a. I mustn’t listen.
b. I couldn’t hear him.
4. Abe: Why are you going to the library?
Alec: a. We have to study for an exam.
b. We shouldn’t talk loudly.

5. Tim: We’re having dinner at a restaurant this evening.

Ann: a. Great! I don’t have to wash the dishes after dinner.
b. We could wash the dishes after dinner.

14
READING AND WRITING UNITS 4-5-6

1 Read the text. Then answer the questions.

A FASHIONABLE WEDDING
Have you ever been to a wedding? The bride’s dress is one of the most important
parts of the event, and most women spend a long time choosing the right one. But
what is the right dress? Wedding dresses, like other types of clothing, reflect the
fashion of the time.
In Ancient Rome, people believed white was the favourite colour of the god of
marriage, so women wore white wedding dresses. But in the medieval period,
colourful material was more expensive than plain material. Rich women wore
colourful wedding dresses with a lot of cloth to show their status. Ordinary people
wore practical dresses from plain cloth. After their wedding, they wore their wedding
dress at church and for celebrations.
The long white wedding dress of today became fashionable after Queen Victoria got
married in 1840. Many brides saw her wedding photograph and decided to wear
similar dresses. People began using machines to make cloth in the 19th century, so
cloth wasn’t as expensive as before and more people had the money to pay for long
dresses. During World War II, people needed cloth to make uniforms, so brides wore
short dresses. But when the war was over, long dresses were “in” again. Since then,
the style and length of wedding dresses has changed as different fashions have
become trendy or outdated. So what do you think wedding dresses will look like a
hundred years from now?

1. Why did some medieval women wear colourful dresses?

............................................................................................................................................
2. What did other medieval women do with their dresses after their wedding?
............................................................................................................................................
3. What type of wedding dress did Queen Victoria wear?
............................................................................................................................................
4. What happened as a result of Queen Victoria’s wedding dress?
............................................................................................................................................
5. How did machines change fashion?
............................................................................................................................................
6. Why was cloth important during World War II?
............................................................................................................................................

15
2 Complete the sentences with the comparative form of the adjectives in brackets. Then tick ( ) the
sentences T (true) or F (false) according to the text. Copy the sentences that helped you decide.
T F
1. In Ancient Rome, white wedding dresses were ………………………………
(popular) colourful wedding dresses. …… ……
.....................................................................................................................
2. Plain cloth was ……………………………… (expensive) colourful cloth in the
medieval period. …… ……
.....................................................................................................................
3. Cloth was ……………………………… (cheap) in the 19th century than it was
in the 18th century. …… ……
.....................................................................................................................
4. Long wedding dresses were ……………………………… (fashionable) short
wedding dresses during World War II. …… ……
.....................................................................................................................

3 Write a letter to a friend about a wedding or other celebration that you have been to.
Include a description of some of the people’s clothes.

16
UNIT 7

Vocabulary

1 Complete the puzzle according to the clues below.

1 2

4 5

7 8

10

Across
1. There’s a high … next to the sea.
3. You must cross a … to go over the river.
4. A bear sometimes lives in a … .
7. The Eiffel Tower is a famous … in Paris.
8. San Diego is on the west … of the USA.
9. Africa is a … .
10. Rome is the … of Italy.
Down
2. There’s a … with carrots on our farm.
3. A … is an area next to a river.
5. A … separates France and England.
6. e = east; n = …

17
Grammar

2 Write sentences with the words below. Use the Present Simple Passive, affirmative or negative.
1. English / speak / in Australia
............................................................................................................................................
2. trees / use / to make glass
............................................................................................................................................
3. landmarks / visited / by tourists
............................................................................................................................................
4. a car / make / of cloth
............................................................................................................................................

3 A friend from another city wants to hear about your school. Write his / her questions with the words
below. Use the Present Simple Passive. Then answer the questions.
1. the school / situate / in the city centre
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
2. mobile phones / permit / in the school
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
3. homework / give / every day
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
4. school uniforms / wear
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
5. students / allow / to eat in lessons
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
6. students / expect / to stand / when the teacher comes in
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................

4 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple Passive.
1. The light bulb ……………………………… (invent) by Thomas Edison.
2. The Twilight books ……………………………… (write) by Stephenie Meyer.
3. Penicillin ……………………………… (discover) by Sir Alexander Fleming.
4. The first Levi jeans ……………………………… (make) by Levi Strauss.
5. The Mona Lisa ……………………………… (paint) by Leonardo da Vinci.

18
UNIT 8

Vocabulary

1 Match A to B to make sentences.

A B
1. You need strength ...... a. to win a race.
2. You wear rings ...... b. on your fingers.
3. A runner needs speed ...... c. to stand on one foot.
4. Fish haven’t got lungs ...... d. to lift heavy things.
5. You need balance ...... e. but people have.

2 Complete the sentences with the words below.

flexibility • bones • coordination • brain • blood • toes • heart

1. Your …………………… is a muscle.

2. People have got five …………………… on each foot.
3. We use our …………………… to think.
4. There are 206 …………………… in the human body.
5. We’ve got about five litres of …………………… in our bodies.
6. The most important quality of elastic is …………………… .
7. You need …………………… to throw a ball into a basket.

Grammar

3 Write the adverb form of the adjectives below.

1. careful …………………… 5. quiet ……………………
2. angry …………………… 6. slow ……………………
3. good …………………… 7. hard ……………………
4. fast …………………… 8. loud ……………………

4 Complete the sentences below using suitable adverbs from Exercise 3.

1. Please talk …………………… . The baby is sleeping.
2. I’m sorry, I can’t hear you. The band is playing very …………………… .
3. I ran …………………… so I didn’t miss the bus.
4. I don’t understand French very …………………… . Please speak …………………… .
5. She studied …………………… for the test and got an excellent mark.

19
5 Look at the chart of the results of an athletics competition. Complete the sentences with the
comparative form of the adverbs in brackets.

100 metres High Jump Long Jump

Tom 16 seconds 1 metre 72 4 metres
Sam 13 seconds 1 metre 60 5 metres
John 19 seconds 1 metre 60 5 metres

1. Sam ran ……………………………… (fast) Tom.

2. John jumped ……………………………… (far) Sam.
3. Tom jumped ……………………………… (high) Sam.
4. John jumped ……………………………… (high) Sam.
5. Sam did ……………………………… (bad) Tom in the high jump, but
……………………………… (good) Tom in the long jump.

6 Complete the sentences with the adverb form of the adjectives in brackets. Use the comparative
form or as ... as.
1. Ron swam …………………… (quick) the other swimmers and he won a medal.
2. Paula jumped 2.4 metres and I jumped 2.1 metres. I didn’t jump …………………… (far) Paula.
3. Jake and Adam are the worst players in the football team. They don’t play …………………… (good) the
other players.
4. Sally loves vegetables, but Sam doesn’t. Sally eats broccoli …………………… (happy) Sam.
5. Our team has never won a match and your team has also lost all of its matches. Your team
plays …………………… (terrible) our team!
6. Allison studied …………………… (hard) her friends for the English test and she got the highest mark,
too.

20
UNIT 9

Vocabulary

1 Choose the word with a similar meaning to the word in bold.

1. sad depressed / horrified
2. guilty ashamed / relieved
3. angry jealous / annoyed
4. happy delighted / furious
5. unhappy miserable / disgusted

2 Match each sentence in A to an emotion in B.

A
1. I was worried about you. I’m happy you’re safe.
2. It’s dirty and it smells bad in here.
3. My parents are buying me a mobile phone! It’s so exciting.
4. My sister always gets everything she wants and I never do. It’s not fair.
5. We didn’t win the match. Now we won’t be the champions.
6. I can’t find my wallet. I’ve looked everywhere.
B
…… a. delighted
…… b. frustrated
…… c. disappointed
…… d. relieved
…… e. disgusted
…… f. jealous

Grammar

3 Complete the sentences. Use the Present Simple or Present Continuous form of the verbs below.
wear • go • watch • worry • not wash

1. Mum always …………………… about me.

2. Be quiet, please! We …………………… a film.
3. …………………… you usually …………………… make-up at school?
4. Eric …………………… the dishes every day.
5. Where …………………… you …………………… tonight?

21
4 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple or Past Continuous.
1. David …………………… (play) football when he …………………… (break) his leg.
2. We …………………… (sit) in the garden when you …………………… (call).
3. While I …………………… (try) to study, everyone …………………… (make) a lot of noise.
4. What…………………… you …………………… (do) at six o’clock? You ……………………
(not answer) the telephone.

5 Choose the correct answers.

1. I didn’t see / haven’t seen a shark in the ocean yesterday.
2. That police officer won / has won many medals.
3. Amy didn’t go / hasn’t been to the hairdresser’s yet.
4. We recycled / have recycled all our bottles last week.
5. They lived / have lived here since 1997.
6. Did you study / Have you studied for the test at the weekend?

6 Write questions with the words below. Use the Present Simple Passive or Past Simple Passive. Then
answer the questions. Make the answers true for you.
1. what / language / speak / in your home
............................................................................................................................................
2. what / you / give / for your birthday / last year
............................................................................................................................................
3. when / dinner / serve / at your house / every night
............................................................................................................................................
4. when / your school / build
............................................................................................................................................

22
READING AND WRITING UNITS 7-8-9

1 Read the text. What do the numbers below refer to?

RUNNING A MARATHON
How many kilometres can you run? Maybe you can run two or three kilometres
easily. But what about 42.195 kilometres? That’s the official distance of a marathon.
The name marathon comes from an ancient Greek legend. According to the legend,
in 490 BC, a Greek messenger was sent from Marathon to Athens to tell the people
about the Greek victory over the Persians. The messenger, Pheidippides, ran to
Athens without stopping. It was about 40 kilometres, and after he gave people his
message, he fell down and died.
Is the legend of Pheidippides true? People don’t know the answer, but the legend is
very well known in Greece.
When the first modern Olympic games were held in Athens in 1896, Pierre de
Courbertin, the organiser of the games, decided to have a 40-kilometre marathon
race like the one in the legend. In 1908, 2.195 kilometres were added to the
marathon at the London Olympics so athletes could run from Windsor Castle to the
royal box at the Olympic stadium in White City. Later, people decided to make
42.195 kilometres the official distance.
Today, people compete in more than 800 marathons a year. They must train hard
for many months to run this distance. Some people run quickly and some run slowly,
but everyone receives a medal for finishing a marathon.

1. 42.195 …………………… 5. 1908 ……………………

2. 490 …………………… 6. 2.195 ……………………
3. 40 …………………… 7. 800 ……………………
4. 1896 ……………………

2 Make questions with the words below. Make any necessary changes. Then answer the questions
according to the article.
1. who / tell / the Greek people / about their victory
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2. what / Pierre de Coubertin / organise
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3. where / the 1908 marathon / begin
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4. what / all marathon participants / receive
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3 You are a newspaper reporter. You are interviewing a professional marathon runner who has just
won the New York marathon. Write questions to ask him / her. Then write his / her answers.

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