BRM-MCQ1
BRM-MCQ1
1. Research is
(A) Searching again and again
(B) Finding solution to any problem
(C) Working in a scientific way to search for truth of any problem
(D) None of the above
2. Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process?
(A) Searching sources of information to locate problem.
(B) Survey of related literature
(C) Identification of problem
(D) Searching for solutions to the problem
5. A reasoning where we start with certain particular statements and conclude with a universal
statement is called
(A) Deductive Reasoning
(B) Inductive Reasoning
(C) Abnormal Reasoning
(D) Transcendental Reasoning
12. The method that consists of collection of data through observation and experimentation,
formulation and testing of hypothesis is called
(A) Empirical method
(B) Scientific method
(C) Scientific information
(D) Practical knowledge
(E)
13. Information acquired by experience or experimentation is called as
(A) Empirical
(B) Scientific
(C) Facts
(D) Scientific evidences
14. “All living things are made up of cells. Blue whale is a living being. Therefore blue whale is
made up of cells”. The reasoning used here is
(A) Inductive
(B) Deductive
(C) Both A and B
(D) Hypothetic-Deductive
15. The reasoning that uses general principle to predict specific result is called
(A) Inductive
(B) Deductive
(C) Both A and B
(D) Hypothetic-Deductive
18. Which of the following is not an appropriate source for academic research?
(A) An online encyclopedia
(B) A government-based research organization database
(C) A peer reviewed journal article
(D) A text book
21. Research is
(A) A purposeful, systematic activity
(B) Primarily conducted for purely academic purposes
(C) Primarily conducted to answer questions about practical issues
(D) A random, unplanned process of discovery
22. When conducting a review of literature on a particular subject, the researcher should
(A) Read all available material on the subject
(B) Read the whole journal article and then decide whether or not it is useful
(C) Read strategically and critically
(D) Read fully only those texts that appear to agree with his/her point of view
27. Of all the steps in the research process, the one that typically takes the most time is
(A) Data collection
(B) Formulating the problem
(C) Selecting a research method
(D) Developing a hypothesis
30. Which of the following was not identified as a major research design?
(A) secondary research
(B) Surveys
(C) Field Research
(D) ethnography
31. When a number of researchers use the same operational definition to measure a variable and
achieve the same results, the measure is said to be
(A) Instrumental
(B) Reliable
(C) Valid
(D) Factual
32. There are various types of research designed to obtain different types of information. What
type of research is used to define problems and suggest hypotheses?
(A) Descriptive Research
(B) Primary research
(C) Secondary research
(D) Causal research
35. The Internet is a powerful mechanism for conducting research. However it does have its
drawbacks. Which of the following signify these drawbacks?
(A) The possible inclusion of individuals not being targeted, that could skew the results
(B) Lack of information about the population responding to the questionnaire.
(C) Eye contact and body language, (two useful research indicators) are excluded from the
analysis
(D) All of the above
37. Which is the best type of research approach for gathering causal information?
(A) Observational
(B) Informative
(C) Experimental
(D) Survey
41. Ms. Casillas has been coordinating the Halloween Festival at her school for the last several
years. She wants to be sure the students and parents enjoy the festival again this year. On which
source is she LEAST likely to rely when making decisions about what to do?
(A) Tradition
(B) Research
(C) Personal experience
(D) Expert opinion
42. The scientific method is preferred over other ways of knowing because it is more
(A) Reliable
(B) Systematic
(C) Accurate
(D) All of these
43. Which of the following steps of the scientific method is exemplified by the researcher
reviewing the literature and focusing on a specific problem that has yet to be resolved?
(A) Describe the procedures to collect information
(B) Identify a topic.
(C) Analyze the collected information
(D) State the results of the data analysis
44. Which of the following is the LEAST legitimate research problem? The purpose of this study
is to
(A) understand what it means to be a part of a baseball team at a high school known for its
championship teams.
(B) study whether physical education should be taught in elementary parochial schools.
(C) examine the relationship between the number of hours spent studying and students test scores
(D) examine the effect of using advanced organizers on fifth grade students reading
comprehension
48. The statement 'To identify the relationship between the time the patient spends on the
operating table and the development of pressure ulcers' is best described as a research:
(A) Objective
(B) Aim
(C) Question
(D) Hypothesis
50. A statement of the expected relationship between two or more variables is known as the:
(A) Concept definition
(B) Hypothesis
(C) Problem statement
(D) Research question
51. There is no difference in the incidence of phlebitis around intravenous cannulae changed
every 72 hours and those changed at 96 hours' is an example of a:
(A) Null hypothesis
(B) Directional hypothesis
(C) Non-directional hypothesis
(D) Simple hypothesis
52. Which of the following statements meets the criteria for a researchable question?
(A) Is the use of normal saline to cleanse wounds harmful to patients?
(B) Do generalist registered nurses meet the mental health needs of general patients?
(C) Do palliative care patients have spiritual needs?
(D) What are the patients perceptions of the effectiveness of pre-operative education for
total hip replacement?
53. The researcher needs to clearly identify the aim of the study; the question to be answered; the
population of interest; information to be collected, and feasibility in order to decide on the
research
(A) Design and method
(B) Design and assumptions
(C) Purpose and data analysis
(D) Purpose and assumptions
54. A variable that changes due to the action of another variable is known as the
(A) Independent variable
(B) Extraneous variable
(C) Complex variable
(D) Dependent Variable
60. Because of the number of things that can go wrong in research there is a need for:
(A) Flexibility and Perseverance
(B) Sympathetic supervisors
(C) An emergency source of finance
(D) Wisdom to know the right time to quit
61. __________ research seeks to investigate an area that has been under researched with
preliminary data that helps shape the direction for future research.
(A) Descriptive
(B) Exploratory
(C) Explanatory
(D) Positivist
62. Research questions in qualitative studies typically begin with which of the following words?
(A) Why
(B) How
(C) What
(D) All of the above
65. Which of the following data collecting methods is not normally used in qualitative research?
(A) Participant observation
(B) Focus groups
(C) Questionnaire
(D) Semi-structured interview
67. The scientific method is preferred over other ways of knowing because it is more
(A) Reliable
(B) Systematic
(C) Accurate
(D) All of the above
71. The facts that should be collected to measure a variable, depend upon the
(A) Conceptual understanding
(B) Dictionary meaning
(C) Operational definition
(D) All of the above
73. Which of the following is the best hypothesis statement to address the research question?
“What impact will the new advertising campaign have on use of brand B”?
(A) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B image
(B) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B image trial
(C) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B usage at the expense of brand C
(D) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B’s market penetration
74. Qualitative and quantitative research are the classifications of research on the basis of
(A) Use of the research
(B) Time dimension
(C) Techniques used
(D) Purpose of the research
77. The application of the scientific method to the study of business problems is called
(A) Inductive reasoning
(B) Deductive reasoning
(C) Business research
(D) Grounded Theory
79. According to empiricism, which of the following is the ultimate source of all our concepts
and knowledge?
(A) Perceptions
(B) Theory
(C) Sensory experiences
(D) Logics and arguments
81. Which of the following is not a function of clearly identified research questions?
(A) They guide your literature search
(B) They keep you focused throughout the data collection period
(C) They make the scope of your research as wide as possible
(D) They are linked together to help you construct a coherent argument
89. After identifying the important variables and establishing the logical reasoning in
Theoretical framework, the next step in the research process is
A. To conduct surveys
B. To generate the hypothesis
C. To focus group discussions
D. To use experiments in an investigation
101. All of the following are true statements about action research, EXCEPT;
A. Data are systematically analyzed
B. Data are collected systematically
C. Results are generalizable
D. Results are used to improve practice
A. Discontinuous variable
B. Continuous variable
C. Dependent variable
D. Independent variable
106. Which of the following is not the source for getting information for exploratory
research?
A. Content analysis
B. Survey
C. Case study
D. Pilot study
108. A variable that is presumed to cause a change in another variable is known as:
A. Discontinuous variable
B. Dependent variable
C. Independent variable
D. Intervening variable
110. In ___________, the researcher attempts to control and/ or manipulate the variables in
the study.
a. Experiment
b. Hypothesis
c. Theoretical framework
d. Research design
111. In an experimental research study, the primary goal is to isolate and identify the effect
produced by the ____.
a. Dependent variable
b. Extraneous variable
c. Independent variable
d. Confounding variable
113. ______ is the evidence that the instrument, techniques, or process used to measure
concept does indeed measure the intended concepts.
a. Reliability
b. Replicability
c. Scaling
d. Validity
114. Experimental design is the only appropriate design where_________ relationship can
be established.
a. Strong
b. Linear
c. Weak
d. Cause and Effect
115. In which one of the following stage researcher consult the literature?
a. Operation test
b. Response analysis survey
c. Document design analysis
d. Pretest interviews
119. A scientific explanation that remains tentative until it has been adequately tested is called
a(n)
a.theory.
b.law.
c.hypothesis.
d.experiment.
122. A psychologist watches the rapid eye movements of sleeping subjects and wakes them to
find they report that they were dreaming. She concludes that dreams are linked to rapid eye
movements. This conclusion is based on
a.pure speculation.
b.direct observation.
c.deduction from direct observation.
d.prior prediction.
123. We wish to test the hypothesis that music improves learning. We compare test scores of
students who study to music with those who study in silence. Which of the following is an
extraneous variable in this experiment?
a.the presence or absence of music
b.the students' test scores
c.the amount of time allowed for the studying
d.silence
124. An experiment is performed to see if background music improves learning. Two groups
study the same material, one while listening to music and another without music. The
independent variable is
a.learning.
b.the size of the group.
c.the material studied.
d.music.
127. In the traditional learning experiment, the effect of practice on performance is investigated.
Performance is the __________ variable.
a.independent
b.extraneous
c.dependent
d.control
128. Collection of observable evidence, precise definition, and replication of results all form the
basis for
a.scientific observation.
b.the scientific method.
c.defining a scientific problem.
d.hypothesis generation.
134. Which of the following similarity is found in qualitative research and survey research?
a. Examine topics primarily from the participant’s perspectives
b. They are guided by predetermined variables to study
c. They are descriptive research methods
d. Have large sample sizes
168. ------------ are Questions the researcher, must answer to satisfactory arrive at a conclusion
about the research question.
a) Investigate questions
b) Research question
c) Measurement question
d) Fine-tuning the research question
174. A condition that exists when an instruments measures what it is supposed to measure is
called
a) validity
b) accuracy
c) reliability
d) none of the above
175. The major disadvantage with in depth interviews is that because of their time consuming
nature it is usually only possible to carry out a relatively small number of such interviews and
as such the results are likely to be highly ____________
a) subjective
b) objective
c) questionable
d) objectionable
176. A critical review of the information, pertaining to the research study, already available in
various sources is called
a) Research review
b) Research design
c) Data review
d) Literature review
177. ____________________ presents a problem, discusses related research efforts, outlines the
data needed for solving the data and shows the design used to gather and analyze the data.
a.) Marketing
b.) Causal
c.) Exploratory
d.) Descriptive
179. A systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical investigation of natural phenomena guided
by theory and hypothesis is called _____________
180. __________________ is the determination of the plan for conducting the research and as
such it involves the specification of approaches and procedures..
a.) Strategy
b.) Research Design
c.) Hypothesis
d.) Deductive
181. A proposal is also known as a:
a) Work plan
b) Prospectus
c) Outline
d) Draft plan
e) All of the above
182. Every research proposal, regardless of length should include two basic sections. They are:
a) Stimulus
b) Manipulated
c) Consequence
d) Presumed Cause
184. The following are the synonyms for dependent variable except
a) Presumed effect
b) Measured Outcome
c) Response
d) Predicted from…
185. Which of the following is not a characteristic of research?
187. What would NOT be a consideration during the research design stage?
a. The availability of literature
b. The availability of participants
c. The type of methods that would be used
d. The type of analysis that would take place
195. Which of the following are not normally a requirement for experimental research design?
a. Demonstrating co variation
b. Demonstrating time order
c. Demonstrating repeated measures
d. Demonstrating non spuriousness
Business Research Methods (BRM) MCQs [set-1]
A. Systematic
B. computerized
o m
C. general
.c
D. none of these
te
a
Answer: A
q M
2. Business research means c
the discovery of new knowledge in the field of
…. M
A. Management
B. administration
C. business
D. none of these
Answer: C
A. Management
B. administration
C. business
D. none of these
Answer: C
A. Marketing
B. financial
C. technical
D. investment
Answer: B
o m
5. ……….is a set of logically interrelated statements in the form of
empirical assertions about properties of infinite class of events or things.
.c
A. Abstract
te
B. theory a
C. conclusion q M
c
D. none of these
Answer: B
M
6. A theory explains and predict about a …………
A. Phenomenon
B. principles
C. conclusion
D. none of these
Answer: A
A. Induction
B. deduction
C. rational
D. none of these
Answer: B
A. Induction
B. deduction
C. rational
D. none of these
Answer: B
o m
.c
9. A ……….is an abstraction formed by generalizations from particulars
e
A. Constructs
at
B. concept
q M
C. induction
c
D. deduction M
Answer: B
A. construct
B. concept
C. proposition
D. hypothesis
Answer: C
A. Statement
B. conclusion
C. prediction
Answer: A
A. Basic
B. exploratory
C. applied
D. experimental
o m
Answer: C
.c
te
a with generalizations and with
13. ……………research is mainly concerned
the formulation of a theory.
q M
c
A. Basic
B. exploratory
M
C. applied
D. experimental
Answer: A
A. Basic
B. exploratory
C. applied
D. experimental
Answer: B
B. exploratory
C. applied
D. experimental
Answer: A
A. Formulative
o m
B. causal
.c
te
C. descriptive
a
D. none of these
q M
Answer: C
c
M
17. …………research seeks to explain what is happening in a particular
situation.
A. Formulative
B. causal
C. descriptive
D. none of these
Answer: B
A. Social
B. business
C. educational
D. none of these
Answer: B
A. Theory
B. concept
C. construct
D. hypothesis
Answer: A
o m
.c
20. ………….building broadly consists ofeobservation, induction and
deduction. at
q M
A. Theory
c
B. concept
M
C. construct
D. hypothesis
Answer: A
A. Retroduction
B. induction
C. deduction
D. none of these
Answer: C
A. Retroduction
B. induction
D. none of these
Answer: B
A. Retroduction
B. induction
C. deduction
o m
D. none of these
.c
te
Answer: C
a
q M
24. A …………….is an abstraction formed by generalizations from
particulars. c
A. Theory
M
B. concept
C. construct
D. hypothesis
Answer: B
A. Theory
B. concept
C. construct
D. hypothesis
Answer: C
For Discussion / Reporting / Correction of any MCQ please visit discussion page by clicking on
'answer' of respective MCQ.
PlayStore
o m
.c
te
a
q M
c
M
A. Operational definition
B. concept
C. proposition
o m
D. hypothesis
.c
te
Answer: A
a
q M
27. A ……….is a statement about observable phenomena that may be
judged as true or false. c
A. Operational definition
M
B. concept
C. proposition
D. hypothesis
Answer: C
A. Pure
B. exploratory
C. applied
D. action
Answer: D
A. Pure
B. exploratory
C. applied
D. experimental
Answer: A
o m
.c
30. …………research is a preliminary study of a new problem about which
te
the researcher has little or no knowledge.
a
A. Pure
q M
B. exploratory c
C. applied M
D. experimental
Answer: B
A. Formulative
B. causal
C. descriptive
D. none of these
Answer: C
A. Formulative
B. causal
D. none of these
Answer: B
A. Situational
B. causal
o m
C. descriptive
.c
D. exploratory
te
a
Answer: D
q M
34. Exploratory research is a c
……….study of an unfamiliar problem.
A. Final
M
B. preliminary
C. causal
D. none of these
Answer: B
A. Preliminary study
B. secondary study
C. case study
D. pilot
Answer: C
A. Preliminary
B. secondary
C. case
D. pilot
Answer: D
of background information. o m
37. A ………..analysis is a preliminary investigation or informal gathering
.c
A. Situational
te
B. causal a
C. descriptive q M
c
D. exploratory
Answer: A
M
38. ……..research is mainly concerned with discovery and with generating
or building theory.
A. Situational
B. causal
C. descriptive
D. exploratory
Answer: D
A. Situational
B. causal
C. descriptive
Answer: D
A. Situational
B. causal
C. descriptive
D. exploratory
o m
Answer: D
.c
t e
a on a limited scale before the
41. …………is a preliminary study conducted
original studies are carried out in M
c q order to gain some primary information.
A. case study
B. pilot study
M
C. descriptive study
D. diagnostic study
Answer: B
A. First
B. second
C. third
D. last
Answer: A
B. concept
C. construct
D. hypothesis
Answer: D
A. Research design
o m
B. research method
.c
te
C. research procedure
a
D. research problem.
q M
Answer: A
c
M
45. If one variable depends upon another variable is termed as
……………variable.
A. Independent
B. dependent
C. extraneous
D. none of these.
Answer: B
A. Descriptive
B. explorative
C. causal
D. none of these.
Answer: C
A. Dependent variables
B. independent variables
C. Extraneous variables
D. none of these.
Answer: C
o m
.c
48. The survey is a non- experimental, ………………. Research method.
te
A. Descriptive a
B. non descriptive
q M
c
C. causal
D. none of these.
M
Answer: A
A. Cross- sectional
B. longitudinal
C. sample
D. none of these.
Answer: B
A. Experiment
B. survey
C. research design
D. none of these.
Answer: A
For Discussion / Reporting / Correction of any MCQ please visit discussion page by clicking on
'answer' of respective MCQ.
PlayStore
o m
.c
te
a
q M
c
M
A. Secondary
B. primary
C. sample
o m
D. none of these.
.c
te
Answer: B
a
q M
52. A ……….. Design is a definite plan for obtaining a sample from a given
population. c
A. Research
M
B. sample
C. popular
D. none of these.
Answer: B
A. Chance
B. non random
C. restricted
D. none of these.
Answer: A
B. random route
C. cluster
D. none of these.
Answer: C
A. variable
o m
B. problem
.c
te
C. design
a
D. none of these.
q M
Answer: C
c
M
56. If the independent variable is not manipulated, is called ……hypothesis
testing research.
A. Non-experimental
B. experimental
C. working
D. none of these.
Answer: A
A. Descriptive
B. analytical
C. Causal
D. none of these.
Answer: A
A. Causal
B. Descriptive
C. analytical
D. none of these.
Answer: A
o m
.c
59. The survey is a………….. descriptive research method.
te
A. experimental a
B. non- experimental
q M
c
C. both (a) & (b)
D. none of these.
M
Answer: B
A. cross-sectional
B. historical
C. Longitudinal
D. none of these.
Answer: A
A. census
B. sample
Answer: A
A. dependent
B. Extraneous
C. independent
o m
D. none of these.
.c
Answer: B
te
a
q M
63. ………………..error is known as non- cumulative error.
c
A. Unbiased
B. biased
M
C. technical
D. none of these.
Answer: A
A. Ranking
B. measurement
C. scaling
D. rating
Answer: C
65. When a ……………… scale is used for the purpose of the identification,
there is strict one to one correspondence between the numbers and the
objects.
B. ordinal
C. interval
D. ratio
Answer: A
66. Which of the statistics is not permissible with nominally scaled data?
A. Chi square
o m
B. median
.c
te
C. range
a
D. both (b) and (c) are not permissible.
q M
Answer: D
c
M
67. In business research, attitudinal data obtained from rating scales are
often treated as …………….. Data.
A. Nominal
B. ordinal
C. interval
D. ratio
Answer: C
A. Semantic differential
B. constant sum
C. likert
Answer: D
A. Scaling
B. ratio
C. rating
D. none of these.
Answer: A
q M
C. interval
c
D. ratio.
M
Answer: B
A. Lickert
B. rating
C. dichotomous
D. category.
Answer: C
72. This type of scale makes extensive use of words rather than numbers.
A. Sematic
B. likert
C. rating
D. numerical.
Answer: A
A. Secondary
B. primary
C. both
D. none of these.
Answer: B
o m
.c
74. These questions are also called fixed alternative questions.
te
A. Open ended a
B. closed
q M
c
C. both
M
D. open response-option questions.
Answer: B
A. Unstructured
B. structured
C. closed form
D. none of these.
Answer: B
For Discussion / Reporting / Correction of any MCQ please visit discussion page by clicking on
'answer' of respective MCQ.
PlayStore
o m
.c
te
a
q M
c
M
A. Editing
B. entry
C. classification
D. none of these.
o m
.c
Answer: A
te
a
q M
77. ………….. helps to become the data accurate, consistent with the intent
of the question and other information in the survey, and to see the data is
complete in all respects. c
A. Coding
M
B. tabulation
C. editing
D. classification.
Answer: C
A. Editing
B. coding
C. tabulation
D. classification.
Answer: B
A. Qualitative
B. Quantitative
C. Geographical
D. chronological
Answer: A
.c
A. Classification
te
B. coding a
C. tabulation q M
c
D. editing.
Answer: C
M
81. In statistics, a ………….. is a graphical display of tabulated frequencies.
A. Histiogram
B. bar diagram
C. histogram
D. none of these.
Answer: C
A. Bivaralite
B. correlation
C. casual analysis
D. unidimensional
Answer: D
A. Mode
B. mean
C. median
D. range.
Answer: C
o m
.c
84. ……….. is the most common measure of central tendency.
te
A. Mode a
B. median
q M
c
C. mean
D. range
M
Answer: C
85. When the study is related with more than two variables it is termed as
……………. Analysis.
A. Bivaraite
B. multivariate
C. casual analysis
D. unidimensional.
Answer: B
A. Technical
B. popular
C. general
Answer: B
A. Bibliography.
B. Content
C. appendix
o m
D. none of these.
.c
Answer: A
te
a
q M
88. There are ……… primary scales of measurement.
c
A. One
B. two
M
C. three
D. four
Answer: D
A. Measurement
B. classification
C. scaling
D. tabulation.
Answer: A
A. Interval
C. ranking
D. ratio.
Answer: C
A. Interval
B. ordinal
o m
C. ratio
.c
te
D. ranking
a
Answer: A
q M
c
M
92. Nominal variables allow for ………….. classification.
A. Quantitative
B. qualitative
D. none of these.
Answer: B
A. Schedule
B. questionnaire
D. none of these.
Answer: C
B. open
D. none of these.
Answer: B
o m
A. Closed
.c
B. open
te
a
C. multiple choice question
q M
D. none of these.
c
Answer: C
M
96. A ………………. Is a set of questions which are asked and filled in by
the interviewer in a face to face situation with another person.
A. Schedule
B. questionnaire
C. check-list
D. none of these.
Answer: A
A. Secondary
B. primary
C. both
D. none of these.
Answer: B
A. Coding
B. editing
C. tabulation
D. none of these.
Answer: A
o m
.c
te
99. …………….. Is the process of summarizing
a compact form for further analysis. a
raw data and displaying it in
q M
A. Classification.
c
B. Editing
M
C. coding
D. tabulation.
Answer: D
A. Spreadsheets.
B. Microsoft word
C. Microsoft office
D. none of these.
Answer: A
For Discussion / Reporting / Correction of any MCQ please visit discussion page by clicking on
'answer' of respective MCQ.
PlayStore
o m
.c
te
a
q M
c
M
A. Ordinal
B. ratio
C. ranking
o m
D. interval
.c
te
Answer: D
a
q M
102. ……………… measurement is the highest level of measurement and is
used for quantitative data. c
A. Interval
M
B. ranking
C. ratio
D. ordinal
Answer: C
A. pie chart
B. bar
C. pictogram
D. none of these.
Answer: A
B. pie chart
C. bar
D. pictogram.
Answer: A
o m
A. Regression
.c
B. correlation
te
a
C. variance
q M
D. none of these.
c
Answer: B
M
106. Measures of the dispersion are a ………..of the entire group or data.
A. Typical value
B. central value
C. positional average
D. none of these.
Answer: B
A. Positional average
B. typical value
C. central values
D. none of these.
Answer: A
A. general
B. popular
C. technical
D. specific
Answer: C
o m
.c
te
109. The ……………phase in a research report is ordering the parts and
planning in writing. a
q M
A. first
c
B. second
M
C. third
D. last
Answer: A
A. Analysis
B. findings
C. suggestions
D. conclusion
Answer: B
A. Systematic
B. Collective
C. General
Answer: A
A. Management
B. Administration
C. Business
D. Natural science
o m
Answer: C
.c
t e
a based
113. Quantitative research is …………..
q M
A. Variables
c
B. Attributes M
C. Information
D. None of These
Answer: A
A. Features
B. Regularity
C. Events
D. Principles
Answer: B
A. Phenomenon
B. Principles
D. None of These
Answer: A
A. Particular
B. Collection
C. Group
o m
D. Some
.c
te
Answer: A
a
q M
117. A deductive reasoning works from general to particular, it is
called………… c
A. Bottom-Up Approach
M
B. Top - Down Approach
C. Balanced Approach
D. Linear Approach
Answer: B
A. Imagination
B. Insights
C. Experience
D. Events
Answer: C
A. Information
C. Equations
D. Basic Units
Answer: D
A. Hypothesis
B. Construct
o m
C. Proposition
.c
te
D. Operational Definition
a
Answer: D
q M
c
121. HDI is a ………….
M
A. Construct
B. Concept
C. Hypothesis
D. Proposition
Answer: A
A. Data
B. Attribute
C. Information
D. Unit
Answer: B
B. Indirect Influence
C. Marginal Influence
D. Casual Influence
Answer: D
o m
A. How
.c
B. When
te
a
C. What
q M
D. Why
c
Answer: D
M
125. When a proposition is formulated for empirical testing, it is called ……
A. Estimate
B. Theory
C. Principle
D. Hypothesis
Answer: D
For Discussion / Reporting / Correction of any MCQ please visit discussion page by clicking on
'answer' of respective MCQ.
PlayStore
o m
.c
te
a
q M
c
M
A. Exploratory
B. Descriptive
C. Casual
o m
D. Action
.c
te
Answer: A
a
q M
127. ………. Research does not follow any formalized pattern
c
A. Exploratory M
B. Descriptive
C. Casual
D. Experimental
Answer: A
A. Social Unit
B. Statistical unit
C. Several Units
D. None of These
Answer: A
A. Pilot
C. Casual
D. Focus
Answer: A
130. The person who runs the focus group session is called
A. Umpire
B. Coach
o m
C. Referee
.c
te
D. Moderator
a
Answer: D
q M
c
M
131. Variables that contain data have only two categories are
called…………
A. Interval
B. ordinal
C. nominal
D. dichotomous
Answer: D
A. Evidence
B. conclusion
C. frame work
D. guess
Answer: C
A. Destination
B. details
C. proof
D. source
Answer: D
o m
134. ………. Studies are designed primarily to describe what is going on or
what exists .c
te
A. Descriptive a
B. casual
q M
c
C. exploratory
D. analytical
M
Answer: A
A. Manipulation
B. method
C. result
D. event
Answer: B
A. Natural
B. artificial
C. controlled
D. uncontrolled
Answer: A
A. ad hoc
B. permanent
C. longitudinal
D. cross- sectional
Answer: D
m
o ……….
c
138. A complete survey of the population is called
.
e
A. Census
at
B. sample
q M
C. panel
c
D. trend M
Answer: A
A. Interview
B. group discussion
C. questionnaire
D. observation
Answer: D
A. control
B. focus
C. program
D. expert
Answer: C
A. Internal
B. ecological
C. external
D. construct
Answer: D
o m
c
142. The Solomon Four- Group Design has ………….groups.
.
e
A. One
at
B. two
q M
C. three
c
D. four M
Answer: D
A. Quasi
B. classical
C. modern
D. factorial
Answer: A
A. Verbal
B. numerical
C. photographs
D. none of these
Answer: B
A. Publication of report
B. processing of data
C. analysis of data
D. collection of data
Answer: D
m
o both as an observer and
c
146. In ………… observation, the researcher acts
.
a participant
e
at
A. Structured
q M
B. controlled
c
C. simple
D. non- participant
M
Answer: C
A. Lower
B. higher
C. far below
D. none of these
Answer: B
C. structured interview
Answer: B
A. Simple questionnaire
C. mailed questionnaire
D. anonymous questionnaire
o m
Answer: C
.c
t e
150. ………… techniques are designed a to tap the deeper state of
q M of unconscious motivation.
personality of the informant in terms
c
A. Focus group
B. depth interview
M
C. schedule
D. projective
Answer: D
For Discussion / Reporting / Correction of any MCQ please visit discussion page by clicking on
'answer' of respective MCQ.
PlayStore
o m
.c
te
a
q M
c
M
A. CSO
B. ICAR
C. FICCI
D. NCEAR
o m
.c
Answer: A
te
a
M
152. Data found from CDs and online journals are called ……….
q
A. Primary data c
B. electronic data
M
C. govt data
D. international data
Answer: B
A. Small
B. large
C. sizable
D. representative
Answer: D
A. Population
B. phenomenon
D. space
Answer: A
155. The listing of the accessible population from which the sample is
drawn is called the……….
A. Sample design
B. sample block
o m
C. sample frame
.c
D. sampling premises
te
a
Answer: C
q M
c of units to be chosen from the population
156. ………..refers to the number
A. Sampling plan
M
B. sampling method
C. sampling frame
D. sample size
Answer: D
A. Probability
B. non probability
C. accidental
D. snow ball
Answer: A
A. Tippet’s table
D. none of these
Answer: A
A. Systematic
B. homogeneous
o m
C. heterogeneous
.c
te
D. scattered
a
Answer: C
q M
c
M
160. Combining different methods of sampling is called…… sampling
A. Simple random
B. systematic
C. multi- stage
D. area
Answer: C
A. Systematic
B. convenience
C. judgment
D. random
Answer: B
B. snow ball
C. judgment
D. random
Answer: B
163. Under …….. ….sampling method, the samples are selected non-
randomly according to some fixed quota.
o m
A. Systematic
.c
B. snow ball
te
a
C. judgment
q M
D. quota
c
Answer: D
M
164. The greater the sample size, the smaller the …………..
A. standard error
B. mean
C. median
D. mode
Answer: A
A. Sampling error
B. standard error
D. standard deviation
Answer: C
A. Survey
B. interview
C. scaling
D. measurement
Answer: D
o m
.c
167. The assignment of objects to nu8mbers or semantics according to a
rule is called ………
te
a
A. Statistical analysis
q M
B. interpretation c
C. scaling M
D. labelling
Answer: C
A. Nominal
B. ordinal
C. interval
D. ratio
Answer: A
A. Nominal
B. ordinal
C. interval
Answer: B
A. Nominal
B. ordinal
C. interval
D. ratio
o m
Answer: C
.c
te
a zero point.
171. In ………. Scale, there is an absolute
q M
A. Nominal
c
B. ordinal M
C. interval
D. ratio
Answer: D
A. Nominal
B. ordinal
C. interval
D. ratio
Answer: D
173. ……… means judging the scalability of the phenomenon under study.
A. Continnum
B. range
D. variance
Answer: A
A. Observation
B. interview
C. test- retest
o m
D. schedule
.c
te
Answer: C
a
q M
175. The ………. Validity refers to the degree to which the actual program
reflects the ideal. c
A. Construct
M
B. face
C. concurrent
D. external
Answer: A
For Discussion / Reporting / Correction of any MCQ please visit discussion page by clicking on
'answer' of respective MCQ.
PlayStore
o m
.c
te
a
q M
c
M
A. Likert
B. semantic differential
C. nominal
D. ordinal
o m
.c
Answer: A
te
a
q M
177. a researcher uses paired comparison scaling techniques to measure
consumer preference between 7 brands of toilet soaps . He will
c
present…………pairs of brands to the respondents.
A. 14
M
B. 21
C. 35
D. 18
Answer: B
A. Paired comparison
B. rank order
C. constant sum
Answer: D
B. measurement
C. scaling
D. rating
Answer: C
A. Semantic differential
o m
B. constant sum
.c
te
C. Likert
a
D. both (a) and (c).
q M
Answer: D
c
M
181. A…….scale is used to draw out a yes or no answer.
A. likert
B. rating
C. dichotomous
D. category
Answer: C
A. Numerical
B. Likert
C. semantic
D. rating
Answer: C
A. Comparative
B. non comparative
C. verbal
D. numeric
Answer: B
o m
184. …………. Is an intermediary stage between the collection of data and
their analysis and interpretation? .c
te
A. Processing a
B. analyzing
q M
c
C. reporting
D. designing
M
Answer: A
A. Fourth
B. third
C. second
D. first
Answer: D
A. Editing
B. coding
C. classifying
Answer: B
A. Various
B. heterogeneous
C. homogeneous
o m
D. different
.c
Answer: C
te
a
q M
188. Classification on periodical basis is also called ……classification.
c
A. Geographical
B. chronological
M
C. simple
D. manifold
Answer: B
A. Dependent
B. independent
C. continuous
D. discrete
Answer: D
A. Normal
C. poison
D. frequency
Answer: D
191. ……… is the process of recording the classified facts in rows and
columns.
A. Editing
o m
B. coding
.c
C. classification
te
a
D. tabulation
q M
Answer: D
c
M
192. a ……… table may contain data pertaining to more than one
characteristic.
A. Simple
B. complex
C. frequency
D. normal
Answer: B
193. If the variables are measured on nominal and ordinal scales, the tools
of analysis are called ……..statistics.
A. Parametric
B. non parametric
C. descriptive
D. inferential
Answer: B
A. Frequency
B. simple
C. complex
D. contingency
Answer: D
o m
.c
195. In line graphs, values of dependent variables are taken on the ……….
te
A. X- axis a
B. Y – axis
q M
c
C. base line
D. none of these
M
Answer: B
A. Pie chart
B. bar chart
Answer: A
197. The diagram drawn for presenting the data in picture form is called
…….
A. Chart
B. frequency polygon
D. pictogram
Answer: D
A. Geographical
B. chronological
C. quantitative
o m
D. qualitative
.c
te
Answer: D
a
q M
199. If the study is related tone variable, it is called ………. Analysis
c
A. bivariate M
B. correlative
C. casual
D. unidimensional
Answer: D
200. When the study is related with more than two variables, it is termed
as……
A. bivariate
B. multivariate
C. casual
D. unidimensional
Answer: B
For Discussion / Reporting / Correction of any MCQ please visit discussion page by clicking on
'answer' of respective MCQ.
PlayStore
o m
.c
te
a
q M
c
M
201. atfter processing the data, the next step is its ………..
A. Editing
B. classifying
C. analysis
D. reporting
o m
.c
Answer: C
te
a
and ……….statistics. q M
202. The entire domain of statistics is divided in to descriptive statistics
c
A. Vital M
B. business
C. inferential
D. none of these
Answer: C
203. ……… statistics is used to describe the basic features of the data in a
study.
A. Descriptive
B. business
C. inferential
D. none of these
Answer: A
A. Mean
C. mean deviation
D. range
Answer: A
A. No
B. perfect
o m
C. imperfect
.c
te
D. positive
a
Answer: A
q M
c
M
206. The method helps to predict the unknown values of one variable from
the known values of another variable are called ………analysis.
A. Correlation
B. regression
C. factor
D. cluster
Answer: B
207. …………….is the best way of reflecting the central tendency of a set of
scores where the scores themselves are measured on a nominal scale.
A. Mode
B. median
C. mean
D. range
Answer: A
208. ……….is defined as the square- root of the average of the squared
A. Range
B. standard deviation
C. skewness
D. geometric mean
Answer: B
as …………….estimate. o m
209. If we estimate a parameter with the help of a single value, it is known
.c
A. Point
te
B. interval a
C. time q M
c
D. none of these
Answer: A
M
210. ……..is a specific statement of prediction.
A. Concept
B. construct
C. proposition
D. hypothesis
Answer: D
A. Alternative
B. relational
C. new
D. none of these
Answer: A
A. Parameters
B. statistics
C. estimates
D. hypotheses
Answer: A
m
o a…………..
c
213. Rejecting a true null hypothesis is committing
.
e
A. type- I error
at
B. type-II error
q M
C. type- III error
c
D. sampling error M
Answer: A
A. F- test
B. Z- test
C. T- test
D. U- test
Answer: C
A. Asking
B. answering
C. communicating
D. stating
Answer: C
A. Technical
B. popular
C. written
D. oral
Answer: D
o m
c
217. Popular report is a report prepared for ………
.
e
A. Academic audience
at
B. business managers
q M
C. administrators
c
D. laymen M
Answer: D
A. Appendix
B. bibliography
C. index
D. glossary
Answer: B
A. Name
B. author
C. subject
Answer: C
220. A list of special terms and phrases used is given in the form of a
……..
A. Glossary
B. bibliography
C. appendix
o m
D. reference
.c
Answer: A
te
a
q M
221. A treatise on a single subject is called a ………….
c
A. Monograph
B. thesis
M
C. dissertation
D. report
Answer: A
A. Technical
B. popular
C. general
D. specific
Answer: D
A. Final
B. preliminary
D. none of these
Answer: B
A. Pre-experimental designs
B. true-experimental designs
C. Quasi-experimental designs
o m
D. all of these
.c
te
Answer: D
a
q M
225. ……………..are characterized by an absence of randomization.
c
A. Pre-experimental designs M
B. true-experimental designs
C. Quasi-experimental designs
D. all of these
Answer: A
For Discussion / Reporting / Correction of any MCQ please visit discussion page by clicking on
'answer' of respective MCQ.
PlayStore
o m
.c
te
a
q M
c
M
A. Pre-experimental designs
B. true-experimental designs
C. Quasi-experimental designs
o m
D. all of these
.c
te
Answer: B
a
q M
227. ………..designs are using constructions that already exist in the real
world. c
A. Pre-experimental designs
M
B. true-experimental designs
C. Quasi-experimental designs
D. all of these
Answer: C
A. Life history
B. diary (
C. letter
D. newspaper
Answer: D
A. Newspapers
C. statistics
D. all of these
Answer: D
A. Concept
o m
B. theory
.c
C. construct
te
a
D. hypothesis
q M
Answer: B
c
M
231. When the hypothesis is verified and found to be true it becomes a……
A. Law
B. theory
C. fact
D. statement
Answer: B
A. Statement
B. fact
C. Law
D. hypothesis
Answer: C
A. Hypothesis
B. theory
C. fact
D. statement
Answer: C
o m
234. When a hypothesis relates to the cause and effect relationship of a
phenomenon it is called………. .c
te
A. Tentative a
B. descriptive
q M
c
C. explanatory
A. Tentative
B. descriptive
C. explanatory
Answer: A
A. Tentative
B. descriptive
C. explanatory
Answer: C
A. Tentative
B. descriptive
C. explanatory
o m
D. hypothesis concerning law
.c
Answer: D
te
a
q M
238. The smallest and the largest possible measurements in each class are
known as class…………. c
A. Boundaries
M
B. interval
C. limits
D. mark
Answer: C
A. Mid value
B. class mark
C. limits
Answer: D
B. interval
C. limits
D. mark
Answer: A
o m
A. Appendix
.c
B. glossary
te
a
C. literature cited
q M
D. bibliography
c
Answer: A
M
242. A ……….is an alphabetical listing of unfamiliar terms with their
meaning used in the thesis.
A. Appendix
B. glossary
C. literature cited
D. bibliography
Answer: B
A. Appendix
B. glossary
C. literature cited
D. bibliography
Answer: D
A. Appendix
B. glossary
C. literature cited
D. bibliography
Answer: C
m
ocollected and presentation
245. When there is long time gap between data
c
. In such cases………… report
e
of report, the study may lose its significance.
is presented.
at
A. Summary
q M
B. technical c
C. public
M
D. interim
Answer: D
A. Measurement
B. Scaling
C. Questionnaire
D. Interview
Answer: A
A. Projective Technique
C. Depth Interviews
D. Multi-dimensional Scales
Answer: B
A. Criterian-related Validity
o m
B. Content Validity
.c
C. Construct validity
te
a
D. Convergent Validity
q M
Answer: A
c
M
249. Scale that indicates the relative position of two or more objects or
some characteristics is called
A. Ranking Scale
B. Ordinal Scale
C. Arbitrary Scale
D. Ratio Scale
Answer: B
A. Cumulative scale
B. Arbitrary Scale
C. Item Analysis
D. Consensus Scaling
Answer: D
For Discussion / Reporting / Correction of any MCQ please visit discussion page by clicking on
'answer' of respective MCQ.
PlayStore
o m
.c
te
a
q M
c
M
A. Semantic Differential
B. Multi-dimensional scaling
C. Stapel Scale
o m
D. Standardised Instruments
.c
te
Answer: C
a
q M
252. Instrument’s ability to accurately measure variability in stimuli or
response is known as c
A. Sensitivity
M
B. Practicality
C. Generalisablity
D. Economy
Answer: A
253. 7-point rating scale with end-points associated with bipolar labels that
have semantic meaning is
D. Likert Scale
Answer: A
A. Ranking Scale
B. Rating Scale
C. Graphic Scale
D. None of these
Answer: A
o m
.c
255. Scales where respondent is asked to rate an item in comparison with
te
another item or a group of items each other based on a common criterion
is a
q M
A. Method of paired comparison
c
B. Forced Ranking
M
C. Constant Sum Scale
Answer: B
256. Original source from which researcher directly collects the data that
has not been previously collected
A. Primary data
B. Secondary Data
C. Tertiary Data
D. None of these
Answer: A
A. Online Ethnography
C. Online Questionnaire
Answer: D
258. Issue to be considered for the secondary data include which of the
following
A. Sufficiency
o m
B. Reliability
.c
C. Suitability
te
a
D. All of the above
q M
Answer: D
c
M
259. Method that involves recording the behavioural pattern of people,
objects and events in a systematic manner to obtain information about the
phenomenon of interest
A. Observation
B. Online Survey
C. Schedules
D. Warranty Cards
Answer: A
A. Panel Interview
C. Mail Interview
D. Electronic Interview
Answer: A
A. Questionnaire
B. Attitude Scales
C. Depth Interview
D. Observation
Answer: C
o m
.c
262. In validity of measurement scales, validity can be measured through
several methods like
te
a
A. Content
q M
B. Criterion c
C. Construct M
D. All of the above
Answer: D
A. Convergent
C. Split-Halves Method
Answer: C
A. Nominal
B. Ratio
C. Ordinal
Answer: D
A. Ratio Scale
B. Cumulative Scale
C. Nominal scale
D. Ordinal scale
o m
Answer: B
.c
t e
a by
266. The criteria for good scale is developed
q M
A. Reliability
c
B. Practicability M
C. Sensitivity
Answer: D
B. Greater Anonymity
D. None of these
Answer: C
A. Telephonic
B. Fax
Answer: A
A. i) Sampling method selection ii) Population definition iii) Sampling frame development iv)
Sampling unit specification v) Sample size determination
.c
C. i) Sampling method selection ii) Sampling unit specification iii) Sample size determination
te
iv)Population definition v) Sampling frame development
a
D. i) Sample size determination ii) Population definition iii) Sampling frame development
M
iv)Sampling unit specification v) Sampling method selection
q
Answer: B c
M
270. What are the two types of sampling methods?
Answer: A
A. Panel Sampling
B. Snowball sampling
C. Convenience sampling
D. Purposive Sampling
Answer: B
A. Population
B. Field setting
C. Dependent grouping
D. Sample
Answer: D
o m
.c
273. A good sampling frame must be
te
a
A. Relevant
q M
B. Complete c
C. Precise M
D. All of the above
Answer: D
274. How many different sample of size 3 can be taken from the population
comprising 5 elements?
A. 7
B. 12
C. 5
D. 10
Answer: D
Answer: C
o m
.c
te
a
q M
c
M
For Discussion / Reporting / Correction of any MCQ please visit discussion page by clicking on
'answer' of respective MCQ.
PlayStore
o m
.c
te
a
q M
c
M
276. In case the population has a normal distribution, then the sampling
distribution of the mean
C. Both a and b
o m
D. None of these
.c
te
Answer: C
a
q M
277. In which of the following sample designs, maps rather than lists or
c
registers are used as the sampling frame?
C. Area Sample
D. none of these
Answer: C
278. Suppose that a population with N = 200 has µ = 30. What is the mean
of the sampling distribution of the mean for sample of size 40?
B. 40
C. 25
D. 30
Answer: D
C. 51 items
D. None of these
Answer: B
o m
A. Systematic sampling
.c
B. Stratified sampling
te
a
C. Cluster sampling
q M
D. Quota sampling
c
Answer: D
M
281. Among the following methods which is not the non-probability
sampling method?
A. Convenient sampling
B. Quota sampling
C. Judgement sampling
D. Systematic sampling
Answer: B
B. Generating a list of numbers by picking numbers out of a hat and matching these numbers to
names in the telephone book
C. Taking every tenth or twentieth name from a list of everybody in the telephone book
Answer: B
A. Sample
B. Dependent variable
C. Population
D. Independent variable
o m
Answer: C
.c
te
aprobability sampling?
284. What are the types of Random or
q M
c
A. Area sampling and Judgemental sampling
M
B. Stratified sampling and Area sampling
D. Sequential sampling
Answer: B
285. Greg Beck of Quality Market Research tells placement student John
to go out and select for personal interview ten men and ten women. Greg
is using __________ sampling for this phase of the research.
A. Random
B. Stratified
C. Quota
D. Area
Answer: C
Answer: C
A. Double
B. Increase 6 times
C. Increase 4 times
Answer: C
289. Which type of sampling Mr. Weber use to draw a sample that is not
biased?
A. Non-probability
B. Concurrent
C. Random
Answer: C
A. Gender
B. Ethnicity
C. Socio-economic status
Answer: D
o m
.c
e
291. Which of the following is not a random sampling technique?
t
a
A. Purposive sampling
q M
B. Stratified Sampling
c
C. Cluster sampling
D. Systematic sampling
M
Answer: A
A. Univariate Analysi
B. Bivariate Analysis
C. Multivariate Analysis
Answer: D
A. Coding
B. Classification
C. Editing
Answer: D
A. Relative frequency
B. Percentage Frequency
C. Cumulative frequency
o m
D. None of the above
.c
Answer: A
te
a
q M
295. Which steps involves in processing operations of data after collection
of data? c
A. Coding
M
B. Classification
C. Editing
D. Tabulation
Answer: C
Answer: D
297. One where measurements are only approximations and are expressed
in class intervals ie within certain limits is
Answer: A
o m
A. Pie Chart
.c
B. Histogram
te
a
C. Candle Stick
q M
D. None of the above
c
Answer: A
M
299. In which analysis, when there is a single measurement of each of the
n sample objects or where there are several measurements of each of the
n observations but each variable is analysed in isolation?
A. Univariate Analysi
B. Bivariate Analysis
C. Multivariate Analysis
D. None of these
Answer: A
A. Mean
B. Median
C. Mode
D. None of these
Answer: B
For Discussion / Reporting / Correction of any MCQ please visit discussion page by clicking on
'answer' of respective MCQ.
PlayStore
o m
.c
te
a
q M
c
M
A. Positive correlation
B. Multiple correlation
C. Linear Correlation
D. Non-linear Correlation
o m
.c
Answer: B
te
a
Correlation? q M
302. Which characteristics come under Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of
c
M
A. Does not tell anything about cause-and-effect relationship
Answer: D
303. If one knows that the yield and rainfall are closely related then one
want to know the amount of rain required to achieve a certain production.
For this purpose we use analysis
A. Regression Analysi
B. Coefficient of Correlation
C. Scatter Plots/Diagram
D. None of these
Answer: A
A. Positive Association
B. Negative Association
C. Independent Association
D. None of these
Answer: A
o m
.c
305. Which is not type of test of significance for small sample ?
te
A. t- test a
B. z-test
q M
c
C. F-test
D. Q-test
M
Answer: D
A. Sign Test
C. Kruskal-Willis Test
D. z-test
Answer: D
A. Univariate Analysi
B. Bivariate Analysis
C. Multivariate Analysis
D. Hypothesis Testing
Answer: D
A. Coding
B. Classification
C. Editing
D. Tabulation
Answer: A
o m
.c
e
309. Which of the following constitute the essential elements of coding ?
t
a
A. Mutually exclusive
q M
B. Single Dimension
c
C. Code Sheet
D. all of these
M
Answer: D
A. Relative frequency
B. Percentage frequency
C. Cumulative frequency
Answer: D
A. Bar Chart
B. Histogram
C. Candle stick
Answer: B
B. Histogram
C. Candle Stick
o m
D. Bar chart
.c
Answer: C
te
a
q M
313. A group of observations is the quotient obtained by dividing the sum
c
of all the observations by their number, is called
A. Mean
M
B. Median
C. Mode
D. None of these
Answer: A
A. Univariate Analysis
B. Bivariate Analysis
C. Multivariate Analysis
D. None of these
Answer: B
C. Two-way ANOVA
Answer: D
A. Parametric Test
o m
.c
B. Non-Parametric Test
te
a
C. Both Parametric Test and Non-Parametric Test
A. Analysis of variance
B. Analysis of variation
C. Analysis of variant
D. None of these
Answer: A
For Discussion / Reporting / Correction of any MCQ please visit discussion page by clicking on
'answer' of respective MCQ.
PlayStore
o m
.c
te
a
q M
c
M