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Research Article: Construction Project Cost Management and Control System Based On Big Data
Research Article: Construction Project Cost Management and Control System Based On Big Data
Research Article
Construction Project Cost Management and Control System
Based on Big Data
Siyu Chen
School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, Sichuan, China
Received 29 December 2021; Revised 18 January 2022; Accepted 27 January 2022; Published 18 February 2022
Copyright © 2022 Siyu Chen. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
In today’s society, engineering cost management and control is very important content. With the increasing number and scale of
construction projects in China and huge investment funds, the collection and sorting of all kinds of information data in
construction projects has become one of the problems that need to be solved. Therefore, building the construction project cost
management and control system is one of the powerful means to improve the work efficiency of processing information and data,
which is also very necessary. This paper mainly analyzes the construction of a perfect, efficient, and rapid processing of relevant
information workflow based on large database technology to achieve the whole process of project tracking management and
effective cost management and control target system. First of all, this paper introduces the construction project cost management,
expounds the characteristics of the management system, and studies the application of big data in the construction project. On this
basis, the construction project management software is designed and developed. At the same time, the requirements of the system
are studied, and the system is tested. The final test results show that the system has a fast processing time and high processing
efficiency in processing the above data, which indicates that the construction project cost management and control system based
on big data has obvious advantages in processing large-scale data. When the amount of data is small, the processing speed
increases exponentially with the increase of nodes. When the amount of data is large, the acceleration ratio is positively correlated
with the number of nodes in a certain proportion. With the increase of nodes, the ratio almost remains unchanged, indicating that
the system has high operation efficiency and is relatively stable with the increase of nodes.
national engineering cost management and control system first, technical and economic indicators; second, factors that
in the international market. Japanese scholars use network are capital consumption and its balance rate; third, the
technology to establish a platform for a construction in- influence degree and quantity of factors that are quality
dustry association to provide consulting services to its assurance measures on project cost control determine the
members in order to achieve the goal of reducing costs, cost, duration, and cost level of construction projects and the
improving benefits, and maximizing project value. Since the classification standard of high and low prices [9, 10].
reform and opening up of China’s engineering cost man- Through the establishment of a comprehensive budget
agement and control, with the continuous improvement of management system, the dynamic adjustment and optimi-
economic and technological levels, engineering design, zation of the total cost expenditure and labor rate of the
construction technology, and other aspects have been greatly construction project are realized. According to the actual
improved. However, there are still many problems in the situation, the flexible precontrol method or the quota
implementation of construction projects in China due to the picking method is adopted to reasonably dispatch the ma-
imperfect construction market mechanism and the influence terial consumption on the construction site and timely feed
of institutional factors. Chinese scholars use the Internet and back to the relevant departments for analysis and research so
cloud computing technology to collect and process massive as to ensure the continuous improvement of the project cost
information, analyze and integrate it to provide strong management level.
support for investment decisions, and establish a set of
database systems required by various industry institutions
2.1.2. Basic Principles
and government organizations to control risks scientifically
and effectively. Big data technology is used to study the (1) Adhere to the market orientation, information is
problems in project cost management to improve its collected and processed, and then conclusions are
competitiveness [7, 8]. The above research has laid the drawn through analysis, and the whole process of the
foundation for this paper. construction project is considered comprehensively,
With the development of the social economy, a large including all stages of design, construction, and
number of engineering cost information and management completion [11, 12]
data have appeared in the investment field of construction (2) On the premise of ensuring safety, the investment is
projects in China. Therefore, how to effectively control the reduced as much as possible so as to achieve the
cost of construction projects has become an urgent problem. objectives of economic rationality and social har-
On the basis of large data, the whole process on the con- monious development, and the characteristics of
struction engineering construction stage and comprehensive technical feasibility and maximizing cost investment
dynamic monitoring system, and an analysis of deficiencies, benefits are taken into account so as to realize the
this paper puts forward improvement measures and sug- overall control and optimal allocation of construc-
gestions for reference, hoping to improve the level of en- tion projects
terprise of large database technology application so as to
(3) We should make full use of advanced resources,
reduce the investment risk of the construction project, which
improve efficiency, reduce the total cost expenditure,
is of great significance to promote the economic develop-
and save the occupation rate of limited funds as
ment of China.
much as possible to provide reliable and efficient
services for construction projects
2. Discussion on Construction Project Cost
Management and Control System Based on
2.2. Impact of Big Data on Construction Project Cost
Big Data Management. In traditional construction projects, due to
2.1. Construction Cost Management the lack of information collection and classification in the
traditional mode, relevant personnel can only obtain cor-
2.1.1. Basic Principle. The construction project cost man- responding data through on-site investigation, construction
agement and control under big data is mainly through the drawings, and other methods. However, in the investment
collection and sorting of various information in the project, decision-making stage of the construction project, there is
and on this basis, the corresponding technical means are no corresponding model to analyze the feasibility study and
used to analyze and deal with the construction design risk prediction of the project, and the lack of relevant
changes or other related expenses. The basic principle of technical support will also make it difficult to carry out the
project cost management is to control the relationship construction project cost management smoothly, and even
among construction project investment, progress, and cost. problems cannot be solved. Information means cannot be
In this process, we should follow the “separation of quantity well used in the project management. This affects the co-
and price,” that is, by grouping all data information gen- ordination and cooperation among all links in the whole
erated in the actual construction stage into one data source. construction project.
Investment estimation is to use scientific and reasonable However, with the continuous development and ma-
methods to calculate the total expenditure of construction turity of modern information technology and network
projects according to the characteristics of construction technology, these data can be mined, analyzed, and pro-
projects and contract conditions. It includes three aspects: cessed. Under the influence of big data, the project cost
Mobile Information Systems 3
management and control work is more scientific and rea- The redundancy between the algorithm D and the feature
sonable. At the same time, it also provides more effective subset u is determined by the correlation between the
suggestions and opinions for decision makers for reference. candidate feature D and the single selected feature u. The
For example, in the investment estimation, we should fully redundancy between D and u is calculated according to the
consider the feasibility of the engineering construction average value.
project and the rationality and scientificity of the cost
standard, and also take countermeasures against the possible
risks to avoid major losses. In the cost control and decision- 2.3.3. Clustering Algorithm. The main difference between
making stage of construction projects, it is necessary to make the clustering analysis algorithm and traditional classi-
a rapid response to market information and make a correct fication learning is that the samples of the traditional
judgment. Design changes and contract signing can be clustering analysis method cannot be labeled but need to
completed through the bill of quantities, and the cost be determined adaptively by the clustering algorithm.
management department should feed back this information Therefore, the cluster analysis algorithm is also one of the
to the construction unit in time so that they can adjust and main objectives of resource data mining. Its essence is to
improve their work according to relevant conditions so as to explore how to divide samples into several types without
realize the overall goal of the project. training. In the process of project construction, cluster
analysis is carried out for each region, which is divided
into the same category according to different charac-
2.3. Big Data Technology Support
teristic indexes. In this way, you can get objects with the
2.3.1. Agnes Algorithm. Agnes algorithm is a dynamic same properties and types. The clustering algorithm is
stochastic optimization method based on probability dis- highly scalable and can process a large number of data,
tribution. In essence, it is a probabilistic statistical method, find all types of clustering, and deal with abnormal data
which takes the discretization, processing, and analysis of and classification results. This makes it an indispensable
data as the working object and does not need any parameters technical medium in the field of data mining technology.
in the calculation. It takes the input parameters as input
variables and judges the problems existing in the system by G1 ∪ G2 ∪ G3 ∪ ..... ∪ Gn � X,
(3)
calculating the expected output value and the actual output Gi ∩ Gj � ⊗ , i ≠ j.
deviation. The model is mainly solved by PQI technology,
lngf neural network, and other theoretical knowledge and The input value of cluster analysis can be represented
mathematical analysis tools. The agnes algorithm continu- by an ordinal pair (x, s) or (x, f ), where x represents a
ously merges the two nearest clusters. The distance f > k (R) group of samples, and s and f represent the criteria for
to the two farthest points in the same cluster is the user- measuring the similarity or dissimilarity (distance) be-
defined distance threshold. The distance metric used in the tween samples.
algorithm is the Euclidean distance. The algorithm can re-
alize the computer automatic control function and can
combine the cost of the whole project with the construction 3. Experiment
schedule to analyze the best design scheme. In the algorithm, 3.1. Framework of Construction Project Cost Management
the Euclidean distance between two samples O and P is System. With the rapid development of network tech-
�����������2 nology and information technology, more and more
j
project management software has been applied to the
dist(o, p) � has − hjk . (1)
construction cost. The engineering information man-
s�o
agement system based on the big data platform is also
constantly improving. As can be seen from Figure 1, the
system is divided into three parts: project contract
2.3.2. Mrmr Algorithm. Mrmr is a feature selection algo- management, project cost statistics, and rapid estimation
rithm with minimum redundancy and maximum correla- query. In these three parts, project cost statistics is the
tion. It is a calculation method based on engineering core, including project cost index analysis, bill of
quantity. It takes the engineering construction project as the quantities query, and the comparative analysis of project
research object and collects and processes the project data by cost index. All the contents required to be calculated in
means of network technology, database management, and so the project design and construction stage shall be pro-
on. By controlling the whole process of construction project vided by the construction unit. During the bidding of the
cost management, a corresponding amount of information project, the bidder can determine the quotation
will be generated in each stage of the construction project. according to its own project budget, on-site management,
The evaluation function of the mrmr feature selection al- market survey, and other data, and it will also make
gorithm is corresponding adjustments to the prices of some mate-
6 rials and equipment. These costs are quantified through
f(d) � u(k, j) − u(f, u). (2) the big data system and then fed back to the owner and
|u| sec the contractor.
4 Mobile Information Systems
Bill of
Project
New project quantitie
summary
s query
Engineerin Comparative
Project g quantity analysis of
contract index project cost
statistics analysis indicators
3.2. System Requirement Analysis (2) Browser: IE7 or higher, Firefox or chrome is
recommended
3.2.1. Hardware Requirements. Hardware requirements of
the server are as follows:
(1) Processor: Intel (AMD) dual core or quad core 2G or 3.3. Construction Cost Data Mining Source Data. Data
higher warehouse or data mart is designed according to the mining
theme of the project cost. There are generally two kinds of
(2) Hard disk: 320G minimum, 1 t recommended
design patterns, star pattern and snowflake pattern. After
(3) Storage: 2G, 4G recommended selecting the mode, the fact table and dimension code table
(4) Durability: 6 × 24 hour continuous operation must are designed according to the theme you want. A relational
be observed database is created for exploration topics. The database is not
a database for transaction processing but a data store that
Customer’s material requirements are as follows: prepares source data for mining topics. After creating the
(1) CPU: 1.8 g or higher database, it will create the corresponding tables according to
(2) Storage: 512 M minimum, 1 g recommended the designed fact table and dimension code table, and create
the associated index. Data transformation services are used
(3) Hard disk: at least 80 g, 160 g recommended to extract, transform, and load relevant data scattered in
(4) Durability: it can meet the daily work different business databases, and they are collected and
standardized into fact tables. In addition to importing and
exporting data, DTS can also create software packages
3.2.2. Software Requirements. Server software requirements according to extraction requirements to realize the trans-
are as follows: formation and loading of heterogeneous data. Triggers can
(1) Operating system: server version Windows2003 or be used to insert new data records in the business system into
windows2008 the data mart fact table in time. In addition, DTS also
provides the ability to load data periodically, allowing data to
(2) Service software: the operating system comes with be loaded into the data store when the business database is
IIS6 0 not busy. When customers build a mining model, they must
(3) Database software: SQL Server 2005 or later first connect the PivotTable service to the data mining model
(4) Infrastructure services: Net FrameWork3. 0 in the analysis service. This connection can be made through
the local OLEDB provider. For example, ADO can also be
Client software requirements are as follows: implemented on the Internet using HTTP. When using the
(1) Operating system: Windows XP or Windows Vista PivotTable service to connect to analysis, the role between
Mobile Information Systems 5
350000 40
300000 35
30
250000
25
200000
20
150000
15
100000
10
50000 5
0 0
1 2 3 4 5
Test times
Data record
Data size (M)
Figure 2: Information comparison of the test data.
them is greatly simplified in the data mining model in the 3.4. Test of Construction Project Cost Management Control
service. Because the order of all AC alphabetic protocols and System. In the whole process of project implementation, we
cache management is invisible to the client. Using the URL should constantly find and solve problems in order to make
as the link, with the help of the data source function, you can the project cost management more scientific. Therefore, we
use the relevant port to establish a direct connection with the need to test the big data system to verify its function and
scanning service through the firewall through the Internet. performance. (1) Test objective: the application and inte-
This connection can be established through a special mso- gration degree, reliability and security of big data technology
lap.asp web page from active server pages, and the URL can are evaluated. (2) Method selection and use principle: it can
be used as the data source to connect to the standard subnet ensure that the design drawings can accurately run in the
in the form of ADO. process of putting them into use after completion. Then, it
6 Mobile Information Systems
3000
2456
2500
2024
2000
1785
Time (ms)
1241
1000
500
152
0
1 2 3 4 5
Test serial number
M(s)
N(s)
Figure 3: System frame runtime.
4
Test serial number
0 5 10 15 20 25
Speed-up ratio
Speed-up ratio
Number of nodes
Figure 4: Acceleration ratio test comparison.
Mobile Information Systems 7
can also ensure that the project cost management system can process of construction projects. This paper proposes to
effectively support the whole project implementation establish a set of scientific, effective, and in line with the
process. needs of national conditions based on the large database, and
controls the investment decision-making workflow and
4. Discussion software system to solve the above problems so as to improve
the economic benefits of the project and promote the sus-
4.1. System Performance Test Data. In this paper, five groups tainable development of the enterprise.
of data are selected in the test process, and Figure 2 shows
the data size of the test data. In the big data analysis, we must Data Availability
first have a detailed understanding of the information, data,
and technology of the project cost so that they can make a The data underlying the results presented in the study are
correct judgment. The second is to collect data. We can use available within the manuscript.
the database on the network or some platforms to obtain the
materials used in the process of project construction. After Conflicts of Interest
sorting out these materials, we can get complete and accurate
price information. Table 1 shows the information com- The authors declare that there are no potential conflicts of
parison of the test data. interest.
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