Case Analysis Nutri Fernandez Alexandra I.

Alexandra I.
Fernandez
BSN 2-3
Mrs. Samantha Reyes, a 59-year-old homemaker, attends a community hospital -
sponsored health fair. She approaches the nutrition information booth, and the clinical
specialist in nutritional support gathers a nutritional history. Mrs. Reyes is very upset
about her 9kg weight gain. She relates to the nurse clinician that since the death of her
husband 1 month ago she has lost interest in many of her usual physical and social
activities. She no longer attends Zumba class and swimming sessions and has lost
contact with her couple's bridge group. Mrs. Reyes states she is bored, depressed, and
very unhappy about her appearance. She has a small frame and has always prided
herself on her petite figure. She says her eating habits have changed considerably. She
snacks while watching TV and rarely prepares a complete meal.
Guide questions:
1. How do Mrs. Reyes personal characteristics influence her nutritional needs?
-The personal characteristics of Mrs.Reyes influenced her nutritional needs. It is stated
above that Mrs. Reyes is very upset because of the death of her husband. It is mostly
possible that she is experiencing psychological stress which is a common feature of
modern life and can modify behaviors that affect health, such as physical activity. And
this can be seen on how Mrs.Reyes has lost interest in many of her usual physical and
social activities like Zumba and swimming lessons. The influence of stress on food
choice is complex not least because of the various types of stress one can experience.
The effect of stress on food intake depends on the individual, the stressor and the
circumstances. In general, it influences nutritional needs, some people eat more like
Mrs.Reyes while some eat less than normal when experiencing stress.
Moreover, Mrs.Reyes stated that she’s bored, depressed and very unhappy about her
appearance. And poorly managed negative emotions are not good for health. Negative
attitudes and feelings of helplessness and hopelessness can create chronic stress,
which upsets the body's hormone balance, depletes the brain chemicals required for
happiness, and damages the immune system.
Lastly, Mrs. Reyes stated that she snacks while watching TV and rarely prepares a
complete meal. The effects of snacking on health have been debated widely. Evidence
shows that snacking can have effects on energy and nutrient intakes but not necessarily
on body mass index28. However, individuals with normal weight or overweight may differ
in their coping strategies when snack foods are freely available and also in their
compensatory mechanisms at subsequent meals. Moreover, snack composition may be
an important aspect in the ability of individuals to adjust intake to meet energy needs.
Helping adults like Mrs.Reyes to choose healthy snack choices poses a challenge to
many health professionals. In the home, rather than forbidding unhealthy snacks, a
more positive approach may be the introduction of healthy snack options over time.
2. What further information do you need regarding Mrs. Reyes present diet?
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-The further information that is needed regarding Mrs.Reyes present diet is about what
is her eating habits before and how do it differ from her eating habits at the present.
Then what snack does she eats while watching TV,what kind of meal she prefers to eat,
how does she view herself, how can she describe her diet, what does a healthy diet
looks like to her, how often does she eat fish, does she include fruits and
vegetables in her meal, and if she is taking any medications.
3. Offer suggestions for ways to modify Mrs. Reyes tendency to snack.

-Suggestions for ways to modify Mrs.Reyes tendency to snack are as follows:
 Don't skip or delay meals and be sure to schedule your snacks. If you ignore your
feelings of hunger, you may end up eating too much or choosing an unhealthy
snack. If you often feel too hungry, it can cause you to focus a lot on food.
 Other meal alternatives that are just as easy include portable fruit (apples,
bananas), 100% fruit juice, low-fat cheese, crackers, bagels, yogurts, peanut
butter, nuts, dry cereal, graham crackers, cereal, or granola bars.
 Put your snacks on a plate instead of eating from the package. This helps you
control how much you eat.
 Eat your meals with others when you can. Relax and enjoy your meals, and don't
eat too fast. Try to make healthy eating a pleasure, not a chore.
 Eating more protein to keep you from overeating. It also reduces cravings, and
helps you feel full and satisfied for longer .
 When you feel a craving, try to distance yourself from it. For example, you can
take a brisk walk or a shower to shift your mind onto something else. Some
studies have also shown that chewing gum can help reduce appetite and
cravings
 If possible, try to plan your meals for the day or upcoming week.
By already knowing what you’re going to eat, you eliminate the factor of
spontaneity and uncertainty.
 Be mindful of the foods you keep at hand in your home. It becomes harder to eat
in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks all around you. Instead, make sure to
surround yourself with healthy choices. That way, when you are ready to snack,
you only have good options.
 Besides eating for hunger, many of us also turn to food to relieve stress or cope
with loneliness, boredom, or sadness. By learning healthier ways to manage
those emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and how you eat it.
4. Mrs. reyes ask what her weight should be. How do you respond?
-I will respond to her that her weight should match her height and I will add that Ages
40–59-year-old should weigh 176.4 pounds (estimated).
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3. Offer suggestions for ways to modify Mrs. Reyes tendency to snack.

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