Activity - Intellectual Revolutions
Activity - Intellectual Revolutions
❖ Freudian Revolution
➢ He devised an observational method for studying human
inner life, with a particular emphasis on human
sexuality and the evil nature of man.
➢ Founded Psychoanalysis
■ Psychoanalysis is a clinical method in
psychopathology through a conversation between a
patient and a psychoanalyst.
■ Psychoanalysis is used to relieve the patient
from repressed emotions and experiences.
● Id is essentially a biological element.
● Ego is essentially a sociological element.
● Super-ego is the dispenser of punishment and
reward.
➢ This revolution started with Sigmund Freud in the
1850s to 1930s.
❖ Information Revolution
➢ Wide dissemination of the use of computers
➢ Used of new digital technologies and discoveries
➢ Started with Mass Communication in 1430s
➢ It provided power to people
➢ Ellin Withney-Smith
■ Divided information revolution into six:
● Agriculture
● Writing
● The Fall of Rome
● Printing Press
● Trains, telegraphs, and telephones
● Digital Revolution
■ Digital Revolution
● Started in the 1960s with a single silicon
chip that can process a lot of data and
information in a quick period of time.
❖ Mesoamerican
➢ Mayan
➢ Inca
➢ Aztec
■ The Aztecs had established a great military
force.
■ The chinampa of the Aztecs used a small
rectangular area of fertile land to grow crops on
the shallow lake beds.
■ The use of rubber is documented in the Maya ball
game called tlachtli.
■ They used cocoa beans as a currency
■ The Maya developed an accurate calendar, also
known as the Mayan Calendar.
■ The Quipos are used by the Incan for book-keeping
■ The Mita system was invented by the Inca. It is a
labor service that takes in road and bridge
construction, in cultivation of corn and textile
production.
❖ ASIAN
➢ Traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture and herbal
medicine were practiced
➢ Four great inventions in china: Compass, gunpowder,
papermaking, printing
➢ Alchemy was used for before chemistry; for plastic
surgery
❖ MIDDLE EAST
➢ The Arab applied the romans principles and improved
the watermill known as noria.
➢ The Middle East is known for their machine designed
for the improvement of irrigation, industrial work and
for war. The windmill and watermill are used for
crushing sugarcanes, grinding grain, and pumping
water.
➢ The book of Badic al-Zaman ibn al-Razaz al-Jazari
described candle and water clocks, water vessels,
fountains, automata, and water raising devices.
➢ The book written by Taqi al-Din ibn Maruf al-Rashid
al-Dimashqi explained steampower and a blueprint of a
six-piston pump
❖ Africa
➢ Africa is known for the production of Kola nuts and
coffee in Ethiopia (Kola nuts are mostly found in West
Africa and is the basis of cola drink).
➢ Coffee was developed as a consumable drink that spread
to Arabia and then throughout the world
➢ Africa used plants with salicylic acid for pain
(aspirin) and for diarrhea (Kaopectate).
➢ They are also highly advanced in medicine such as
operating autopsies and cesarean.
➢ The technology involved experimentation in drainage,
construction of polders, desalination, and irrigation.
Evidence in 1978 suggests that they already mastered
making steels.