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    1) Rizal annotated Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas to argue that Filipinos had their own culture before Spanish colonization, that colonization oppressed and marginalized Filipinos, and that the Philippines was not necessarily more advanced under Spanish rule. 2) Rizal believed it was important to acknowledge the cultural identity of pre-colonial Filipinos. He used Morga's account, as a less biased Spanish conquistador, to support his view that Filipinos suffered under colonial rule. 3) While some of Rizal's assertions have been validated by modern research, his work is now considered secondary and dated. However, it

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    1) Rizal annotated Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas to argue that Filipinos had their own culture before Spanish colonization, that colonization oppressed and marginalized Filipinos, and that the Philippines was not necessarily more advanced under Spanish rule. 2) Rizal believed it was important to acknowledge the cultural identity of pre-colonial Filipinos. He used Morga's account, as a less biased Spanish conquistador, to support his view that Filipinos suffered under colonial rule. 3) While some of Rizal's assertions have been validated by modern research, his work is now considered secondary and dated. However, it

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    35 views3 pages

    Chapter-6 202211110741

    Uploaded by

    Rowena Mariano
    1) Rizal annotated Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas to argue that Filipinos had their own culture before Spanish colonization, that colonization oppressed and marginalized Filipinos, and that the Philippines was not necessarily more advanced under Spanish rule. 2) Rizal believed it was important to acknowledge the cultural identity of pre-colonial Filipinos. He used Morga's account, as a less biased Spanish conquistador, to support his view that Filipinos suffered under colonial rule. 3) While some of Rizal's assertions have been validated by modern research, his work is now considered secondary and dated. However, it

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    of 3

    CHAPTER 6

    ANNOTATION OF ANTONIO MORGA’S


    SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS
    Learning Outcomes:
    At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
    1. Analyze Rizal's ideas on how to rewrite Philippine history.
    2. Compare and contrast Rizal and Marga's different views about Filipinos and
    Philippine culture.

    Class Activity:
    1. Read the introduction and last chapter of RizaJ's Annotation of Antonio Morga 's
    Sucesos de tas Islas Fiiipinas.
    2. Read: "A Legacy of the Propaganda: The Tripartite View of Philippine History" by
    Zeus Salazar.
    S

    Background

    Among Rizal's works that


    typically shown his nationalistic
    sentiments, his annotations of
    Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas by
    Antonio Morga was not as popular as
    his two novels, Noli Me Tangere and El
    Filibusterismo. We can actually say
    that his annotations of Sucesos is as
    equally-important as all his works. As
    Ocampo in his article published in
    Philippines Studies would say, it
    shows that there is history of the
    Philippines before the time of
    colonization.

    Rizal's Propositions

    Rizal agued in three main propositions in his annotations: 1) The inhabitants of the
    Philippines has a culture even before Spanish colonization; 2) Filipinos then, were depressed,
    oppressed and marginalized by mechanism of colonization and; 3) Philippines at present was
    not necessarily more ahead than to its past.

    In these arguments, we can see how much in favor is Rizal in the history of his
    motherland. He insisted on the importance of knowing the cultural identity Filipinos have even
    before colonization. Basing his arguments on the notes of a Spanish conquistador himself
    (Morga), He has supported in full conviction the state of the Philippines and its people under the
    rule of the colonizers. That, even if the Philippines was largely Hispanized because of more than
    300 years of colonization, Filipinos and the Philippines itself can equally be proud of the pre-
    conquest past with its culture and existence.

    Rizal's annotation of the Morga shows his social scientist side, most especially his side
    of being a historian. Even if it is a question whether his work (being a mere annotation of
    somebody else's work) can be a contribution in Philippine historiography, we cannot argue for
    the fact that he was a nationalist in his arguments. Although in the streams of historical writing,
    what he had written was somewhat invaluable because of it being as secondary source. As
    what Ocampo has written in his journal article:

    Rizal's annotation are largely disregarded today stems basically from the recent
    advances in historical, archeological and ethnographic research. Although many of
    Rizal's assertions have been validated by recent research, the fact is that his work is
    now dated. Moreover Rizal's annotations are secondary, and today's scholars
    concentrate more on the primary source, Morga, than on Rizal's notes. Few Filipinos
    today, even the most patriotic, would find the time and energy to read the small text of
    Rizal's footnotes, even if penned by the national hero (Ocampo, 1998).

    Rizal's views on pre-conquest past were valid if and only if we have to look into his
    nationalistic ideals. However, there are some notes on Morga which were validated by today's
    scholars which are exaggerations on the part of Rizal so as not to deviate in his major
    argument. Some examples were actually mentioned in Ocampo's article. For the matter it was
    however obvious why he made those inconsistencies. Morga, being a Spanish who actually,
    according to Rizal made one of the most accurate accounts of history before and during
    Spanish colonization, had still his own biases in writing. Other writers would even immortalize
    almost everything because it is their way of pacifying the Filipino natives. How religious groups
    (religious missionaries, the first three before the Jesuits) have made stories just to get everyone
    is something Rizal, himself resent. His choice of annotating the work of Morga has somehow
    show his anti-clergy sentiments and that would also show, ironically his own bias in how history
    is portrayed during Spanish colonization. As Ocampo would say: Rizal maintained mixed
    feelings for the Morga, depending on its usefulness for his thesis, that, 'Spanish colonization
    retarded, rather than brought civilization to the Philippines and its inhabitants' (Ocampo, 1998).

    Conclusion

    Rizal's annotation of Sucesos delas ls-las Filipinas is a gem in the stream of Philippine
    historiography. He did well in his ambitions of giving justice in the pre-colonial life of the
    Filipinos. His patriotism was very evident in this piece and he did not get away in his personality
    in doing this work. He also has set a good example in doing making researches (thus having his
    social scientist side).

    Among many Spanish writers who had so much interest in writing about the Philippines
    and his People, he chose Morga because he believes he was less biased than those from the
    religious orders. Morga had connections to the Spanish government being a lieutenant but he
    was not a part of the church. He also chose Morga because of his wide experience in the
    different places and cultures in the Philippines. And as Rizal has said in his annotations, it is
    very much evident in the accounts made by Morga that our country can stand in terms of the
    richness of culture even without the influence of the Spaniards.
    Rizal has his own biases in writing his annotations, but he was never unaware of his
    arguments and he never get away in his love for his country and countrymen. And more
    importantly, Rizal began the task of writing the first Philippine history from the viewpoint of a
    Filipino. (Ocampo, 1998).

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