ART NOVEAU

1890-1910
ART NOVEAU
• An international philosophy and
sty of art, architecture, and
applied apart specially decorative
arts
• JUGENDSTIL French meaning for
“new art”
• 1890-1910
• Named after the magazine
JUGEND for “youth style
ART NOVEAU
• In
Architecture, hyperbolas and parabolas
in windows, arches, and doors are
common, and
decorative moldings 'grow' into
plant-derived forms.
• Like most design styles, Art Nouveau
sought to harmonize its forms. The text
above the Paris Metro entrance uses
the qualities of the rest of the iron
work in the structure.
ART NOVEAU
• Art Nouveau in architecture and interior
design eschewed the eclectic revival
styles of the 19th century.
• Though Art Nouveau designers selected
and 'modernized' some of the more
abstract elements of Rococo style, such
as flame and shell textures, they also
advocated the use of very stylized
organic forms as a source of inspiration,
expanding the 'natural' repertoire to
use seaweed, grasses, and insects.
ART NOVEAU
• Can be distinguished in two line taste.
• 1.)convex-concave and soft forms by
Horta, van de Velde and Gaudi
• 2.) Geometrical and hard forms of
Wagner and Makintosh
 RELATIONSHIP WITH CONTEMPORARY STYLES AND
MOVEMENTS

• As an art style, Art Nouveau has affinities with

the Pre-Raphaelites and the Symbolists styles,
• Art Nouveau has a distinctive appearance. Art
Nouveau artists readily used new materials, machined
surfaces, and abstraction in the service of pure
design..
• Art Nouveau architecture made use of
many technological innovations of the late 19th
century, especially the use of exposed iron and large,
irregularly shaped pieces of glass for architecture.
 RELATIONSHIP WITH CONTEMPORARY STYLES AND
MOVEMENTS
• This detail of a door decoration from a
building constructed in the early 20th
century in Milan, Italy, illustrates the
stylistic themes associated with art
nouveau. The handcrafted intricacy of the
work reflects the reaction of art nouveau
artists against the rise of machine-made
designs. The soft features of the human face
and the robust pattern of leaves illustrate
the importance of naturalistic
representation. Depictions of flora were so
integral to the movement that in Italy art
nouveau was also known as stile floreale
 ART NOVEAU
OTHER NAMES

JUGEND AND JUGENDSTIL (GERMANY)

LE STYLE MODERNE »THE MODERN STYLE » (FRANCE)
STILE LIBERTY (ITALY)
 Victor Horta

• Orignator of Art Noveau

• Work and studied in Paris
• Concieved Modern
Architecture as an
abstract principle derived
in relationship with
environment rather than
form
• Confirmed Baron for his
designs in Architecture
Tassel House
• Tassel's house
illustrates many of the
elements that went
into making art
nouveau: an alternate
"take" on historical
styles, an arts and
crafts sensibility, and
the modern materials
of iron and glass. Horta
himself did not see the
building as a total
break with the past.
Tassel House
• The stone exterior
includes the
consoles, moldings,
and columns of
classical architecture.
But the columns are
iron, not stone. The
building had a
smooth, fluid façade,
unlike the carefully
articulated planes of
true classical
buildings.
Tassel House
• In fact he built a
house consisting of
three different
parts.(BRICK,
NATURAL STONES
AND STEEL
STRUCTURE COVER
GLASS)
 Tassel House
• Through the glass roof it
functions as a light shaft that
brings natural light into the
centre of the building. In this
part of the house, that could
also be used for receiving
guests, Horta made the
maximum of his skills as an
interior designer. He designed
every single detail; door
handles, woodwork, panels and
windows in stained
glass, mosaic flooring and the
furnishing.
 Tassel House
• To achieve an integrated
whole, Horta also insisted
on designing all elements
of the interior decoration:
the stair rail and painted
wall decoration, the
mosaic flooring, electric
light fixtures, even the
door handle are elements
of a total design.
 Tassel House

• Horta's organization of interior space was

innovative -- the slide shows the first-floor stair
landing. Rooms were filled with natural light
(from two light wells), and the floor plan had a
fluid, asymmetrical flow.
Tassel House
 Maison Du Peuple
Victor Horta

The building in its program

reflects the socialists that
time. Functionally it is a social
cultural center for the people,
for workers.
 Maison Du Peuple
Victor Horta

• In spite of a rather restrictive very

irregular building place along a
circular square and on a slope,
Horta succeeded to construct
a building
 Maison Du Peuple
Victor Horta

• In spite of a rather restrictive very

irregular building place along a
circular square and on a slope,
Horta succeeded to construct
a building
Maison Du Peuple
Victor Horta
Charles Rennie Mackintosh
Water Color Artists and
Sculptor
Won Glassgow school
competition
Glassgow Government School of
Design
Glasgow School of Art in 1853.
Initially it was located at 12 Ingram
Street, but in 1869 it moved to the
McLellan Galleries . In 1897, work
started on a new building to house the
school on Renfrew Street.
Glassgow Government School of
Design
Glasgow Government School of
Design

The building massing and facades reflect

its context richly. The north side, facing
the major street, presents a simple,
horizontal rectangular mass with large,
industrial windows which light the studios
Glasgow Government School of
Design
This facade is set
behind a stone and
iron railing,
interrupted at the
center with an art
nouveau iron arch
under which steps
lead up to the
asymmetric
composition of the
entrance.
Glasgow Government School of
Design
In contrast the east
and west facades
are narrow,
towerlike masonry
walls above the
steeply sloping
streets, into which
small paned metal
windows recall
Scottish baronial
architecture.
Glassgow Government School of
Design

The building has an eclectic unity with

influences from Scottish baronial
architecture (volumetric masses of heavy
masonry), art nouveau motifs (floral and
geometric motifs in the iron work, tiles,
details) and modern materials and
 Glassgow Government School of
Design
The building plan is a long "E" with corridors along the spine
which link large art studios along the street side and smaller
ancillary rooms and offices on the back side. At the east and
west ends are larger rooms, most significantly the two story
library on the west. The entrance is located slightly off the
center, up steps from the street and leads to a toplit museum
in the back.
Glassgow Government School of
Design
Glassgow Government School of
Design
Glassgow Government School of
Design

The interiors were designed with equal emphasis

in collaboration with Margaret Macdonald. Art
nouveau floral and geometric motifs bring scale
and color to the rooms in details of mantlepieces,
lighting fixtures, carpets, furniture, and crockery.
Glassgow Government School of Design

"Mackintosh's School of Art, in answer to the Governor's

request for a plain building, is an austere statement, a bold
breakaway from the traditional methods of architectural
adornment. Built of masonry and brickwork, it occupies a
difficult, narrow sloping site. Mackintosh used wrought iron to
form structural decorative features, and meticulously detailed
every interior and exterior aspect of the building. The
asymmetric facades of the four main elevations are each
distinctive, while the lofty spaces and excellent lighting of the
interior are carefully and most successfully designed.
Glassgow Government School of
Design
Glassgow Government School of
Design

The library was redesigned and built later in 1906, a two

story volume with a mezzanine overlooking the first floor
A darkly finished wood structure supports the mezzanine
and ceiling. The pendant light fixtures, glass book cases,
carved balusters, chairs and work tables are all designed
with art nouveau motifs, polychrome paint and metal
details.
 Antoni Gaudí i Cornet

• Antoni Gaudi 1852 - 1926

Architect and designer, Antoni Gaudi
is the most internationally
prestigious figure in spanish
architecture.
Born in Reus, in Catalonia, he
graduated in Barcelona in 1878 and
this city became the center of his
activities. One important aspect is
his capacity as designer.
 Antoni Gaudí i Cornet

• Gaudí is usually considered the great

master of Catalan Modernism, but
his works go beyond any one style or
classification.
• They are imaginative works that find
their main inspiration in nature.
 Casa Mila
• Parabolic or catenary arches under
the terrace of Casa Milà.Casa Milà,
better known as La Pedrera (Catalan
for 'The Quarry'), is a building
designed by the Catalan architect
Antoni Gaudí and built in the years
1905 to 1907. It is located at 92,
Passeig de Gràcia ('passeig' is Catalan
for promenade or avenue) in the
Eixample district of Barcelona,
Catalonia, Spain. It was built for Roger
Segimon de Milà. It is part of the
UNESCO World Heritage Site
 Casa Mila

• The building does not have any straight lines. Most people
consider it magnificent and overwhelming -- some say it is
like waves of lava or a sand-dune. This building seems to
break our understanding of conventional architecture. The
most astonishing part is the roof with an almost lunar
appearance and dreamlike landscape.
 Casa Mila

• The building can be considered more of a sculpture than a

regular building. Critics remark on its detachment from
usefulness, but others consider it to be art. The
Barcelonese of the time considered it ugly, hence the
"quarry" nickname, but today it is a landmark of Barcelona.
 Casa Mila

• The apartment that is open for visitors is directly below the

sub-roof floor. This level shows the beautiful masonry
parabolic arches that Gaudi used to hold up the roof and
which probably provide structural support for the rest of
the building.
 Sagrada Familia

• Modernist architect Antoni Gaudí took over as lead architect at

the age of 31. From that moment on, Gaudí devoted most of his
life to the construction of the church. Instead of sticking to the
original plans, Gaudí changed the design drastically. The
neo-Gothic style made way for Gaudí's trademark modernist
style, which was based on forms found in nature. When he died in
1926 only .
 Sagrada Familia
• The first façade, facing east,
is known as the Nativity
Façade. It was finished by
Gaudí himself and is
ornamented in a Baroque
fashion with motifs of
animals and plants.

.
Sagrada Familia
Sagrada Familia
 Sagrada Familia
• The third and main façade is
the Glory Façade.
Construction of this façade -
the most monumental of the
three - started in 2002 and is
still ongoing. This façade, on
the south side of the church,
will picture life and death.

.
Sagrada Familia

• Even though the Sagrada Família is far from finished, the

remarkable church is well worth a visit. You can visit the
crypt were Gaudí is buried as well as the transept and
central nave with its giant, tree-like pillars and spectacular
vaulting. A museum narrates the history of the church and
tells the story of its great architect.
Sagrada Familia