Occupationalhealthandsafety 130714104050 Phpapp01
Occupationalhealthandsafety 130714104050 Phpapp01
7 7/14/2013
OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS
Mechanical Psychological
hazards hazards
8
OCCUPATIONAL
DISEASES
9
DISEASE DUE TO PHYSICAL AGENT
• Heat: heat hyperpyrexia, heat exhaustion, heat syncope, heat
cramps, burns and local effects such as prickly heat.
• Electricity: burns.
DISEASE DUE TO CHEMICAL AGENT
2. Dusts (pneumoconiosis)
13
OCCUPATIONAL CANCER
• Cancer of the skin, lungs, bladder
OCCUPATIONAL DERMATOSIS
• Dermatitis, eczema
15
Hazardous effects of dust on lungs depend
upon a number of factors such as:
Chemical composition
Fineness
Period of exposure
17
LEAD POISONING
• Lead is a toxic metal for human body.
• It is used widely in industry.
• Non occupational sources
• Mode of absorption
• Body stores
• Distribution in the body
• Clinical picture
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Preventive measures
• Substitution of lead with less toxic materials.
• Isolation of all processes which gives rise to
lead dust and fumes.
• Local exhaust ventilation
• Personal protection, personal hygiene and
good house keeping.
• Periodic examination of workers and health
education
• Medical management- saline stomach wash
if ingested.
OCCUPATIONAL CANCER
24
HEALTH PROBLEM DUE TO
INDUSTRIALIZATION
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• Environmental sanitation problems
• Communicable disease
• Food sanitation
• Mental health
• Accidents and social problems
• Morbidity and mortality
MEASURES FOR HEALTH
PROMOTION OF WORKERS
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• Nutrition
• Communicable disease control
• Environmental sanitation
• Mental health
• Measures for women and children
• Health education
• Family planning
PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL
DISEASE
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MEDICAL MEASURES
Pre-placement examination
Periodical examination
Medical and health care services
Notification
Supervision of working environment
Maintenance and analysis of records
Health education and counseling
ENGINEERING MEASURES
Design of building
Good housekeeping
General ventilation
Mechanization
Substitution
Dust-enclosure and isolation
Local exhaust ventilation
Protection device
Environmental monitoring
Statistical monitoring and research
31
LEGISLATION
32