utilisation. Hence, memory management concerns with
management of main memory so that maximum memory
is occupied or utilised by large number of processes
while keeping track of each and every location within
the memory as free or occupied.
(C) File Management
Data and programs are stored as files in the secondary
storage of acomputer system. File management involves
the creation, updation, deletion and protection of these
files in the secondary memory. Frotection is a crucial
function of an operating system, as multiple users can
aecess and use a computer system, There must be a
mechanism in place that will stop users from accessing
files that belong to some other user and have not been
shared with them. File managernent system manages
secondary memory, while memory management system
handles the main memory of a computer system.
@) Device Management
Acornputer systern has many I/O devices and hardware
connected to it. Operating system manages these
heterogeneous devices that are interdependent. The
operating systern interacts with the device driver and the
related software for a particular device. The operating
system must also provide the options for configuring
a particular device, so that it may be used by an end
user or some other device. Just like files, devices also
need security measures and their access to different
devices must be restricted by the operating system to
the authorised users, software and other hardware only,
SumMaRY
« A computing device, also referred as computer,
processes the input data as per given instructions
to generate desired output.
* Computer system has four physical components
wiz. (i] CPU, (ii) Primary Memory, (iti) Input Device
and (iv) Output Devices. They are referred to as
hardware of computer.
* Computer system has two types of primary
memories viz. (i] RAM, the volatile memory and
(ii) ROM, the non-volatile memory.