Piled Raft
Piled Raft
PILED RAFT
by
Prof. V.S.Raju
(Formerly: Director, IIT Delhi
& Professor, IIT Madras)
V.S.Raju Consultants 1
20-Oct-15
“The Piled Raft Foundation for The Burj Dubai – Design and
Performance “, IGS-Ferroco Terzaghi Oration – 2008, by Prof.Harry
Poulos.
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Load (t)
Raft
Piles
Settlement (mm)
Fig. 1 Load settlement curves for piles and Raft on cohesion-less soils
(sands & non plastic silts)
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Step 1:
The safe bearing capacity of raft from shear consideration is
checked so that raft can transfer the load to soil without failure.
The settlement criterion is also checked.
Commonly the safe bearing capacity (SBC) of raft on
cohesionless soils (sands and non-plastic silts) is very high.
For Raft size 20 m x 20 m, SBC will be in the range of 75 to
125 t/m2
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Step 3:
If the settlements are > 75 mm, then piles are provided to act as
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Step 4:
The load shared by the piles and the raft are estimated.
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Step 6:
The settlements of the raft due to the load shared by the raft are estimated
∗∗∗
𝑮𝒓𝒐𝒔𝒔 𝒃𝒆𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒐𝒏 𝑹𝒂𝒇𝒕
S𝐮𝐛𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐞 modulus of raft 𝒌 = 𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝐫𝐚𝐟𝐭 𝒔𝒆𝒕𝒕𝒍𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 (𝑾𝒊𝒕𝒉𝒐𝒖𝒕 𝒑𝒊𝒍𝒆𝒔)
*** More appropriate would be to use net bearing pressure. But in the structural
Analysis of the raft gross bearing pressure (actual loading from superstructure) is
used.
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Zone of Influence
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Soil Es (kN/m2)
Sand (Normally 500(N+15)
consolidated)
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300
N =40 and 50
200
Es = (Es for N = 50) + [(N – 50)*87.5] in t/m2
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I have been using this graph for last 40
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
years
N - Va l ue f or 3 0 c m Sta nda re d
For N = 40, Es = 730 kgf / cm2 pe ne tr a ti o n
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For N = 40 and P0 = 0, Ev is
800 kgf/cm2
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𝟏− 𝝁𝟐
𝑬𝒔 = 𝒒 𝑩 𝑰𝒘
𝒔
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Settlement (S) = 4 mm
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𝟏− 𝟎.𝟑𝟐
𝑬𝒔 = 𝟒 ∗ 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝟎.𝟒
* 0.82 15
= 1119 Kg/cm2 20
Es = 800 Kg/cm2
Ratio = 1119/800 = 1.4 24
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Settlement (mm)
Settlement (S) = 5.4 mm 5
𝟏− 𝟎.𝟑𝟐 10
𝑬𝒔 = 𝟑. 𝟖 ∗ 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝟎.𝟓𝟒
* 0.82
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= 787 Kg/cm2
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As per Shultze and Muhs for SPT N = 22
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Es = 530 Kg/cm2
Ratio = 787/530 = 1.48
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Permissible settlements:
Isolated Raft
Type of structure
foundation foundation
For reinforced concrete structures 50 75
Basement floors 0 2 3 4
Foundation area (m2) 2 x 430 3457 2940 3570
Foundation level below
-3 -14 -12.0/-14.0 -14
GL (m)
Raft thickness (m) 2.5 3.0-6.0 3.0-4.5 2
Number of piles 2 x 42 64 40 35
Observed pile load
(MN) 1.7-6.9 5.8-20.1 9.2-14.9 2.7-5.1
Observed Max.
150 144 110 55
settlements (mm)
Contd…
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Congress
Forum(Kastor
Structure Taunustor centre Main Tower Eurotheum
and pollux)
Japan- Messe
Centre Frankfurt
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Method:
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
Prof. Harry Poulos for the very good reference of his IGS-Ferroco
Terzaghi Oration – 2008, “The Piled Raft Foundation for The Burj Dubai
L&T Construction team at DIAL for carrying out the tests and sharing
the information.
Contd…
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All our Clients and many others who are in the process of executing the
THANK YOU
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