Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The Effectiveness of The Police Patrol
The Effectiveness of The Police Patrol
BY THE COMMUNITY
Faculty of the
In Partial Fulfillment
S. Y. 2022-2023
By:
Faith E. Muaña
Kenneth Muñez
Alejo Noynay
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Before all else, we are grateful to almighty God for the good health and wellbeing that were
We wish to express our sincere gratitude to the Faculty of the College Criminology, for
To the Dean ROSALYN A. GALLO of the College of Criminology for her undying support.
To everyone in the College of Criminology and the Cebu Roosevelt Memorial Colleges for
sharing expertise, and sincere and valuable guidance and encourage extended to us.
We also place on record, our sense of gratitude to one and all, who directly or indirectly
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
Over the years, there have been several debates raised on the effectiveness of
police patrols in preventing crime. Society has placed a huge demand on the force of
police. This happens irrespectively of the fact that there is little police work that is directly
engaged with violent crimes. Yet, police work, the public, and the political elite work to be
centered on crime prevention. After the second world war, police force became a primary
responsibility of crime prevention. Mobile forces were invented to increase the number of
police forces to respond to emergency calls and crime scenes. Preventative police patrols
became the center of police activity, designed to deter criminal activities by having a visible
certain community acts to determine crime. The main reason for establishing police patrol
is to remind the criminals that the police are just one call away and it discourages them to
Police patrol refers to what the officers do whether it is a spying scenario, cops
walking the beat, or on in-depth criminal investigation. The operation of police patrol also
include various activities, initially, the police will identify crime areas and provide a physical
police presence at that location. This presence includes officers on foot, as well as officers
patrol work. Officers on patrol respond to calls, take reports, quell disturbances, and forth.
The combination these two sets of activities patrolling and handling calls occupy most of
The term patrol is associated with the police today. New police officers are usually
assigned to patrol duties and are often called patrol officers. The largest until in most police
department is the patrol division. In small police department, everyone patrols. When we
call for police assistance, weather for an emergency, to report a crime, to quite a
disturbance, or to request some type of routine service, patrol officers are typically
dispatched. Catching criminals is still very important work, but today's criminals use many
kinds of different weapons and can speed away from the scene of their crimes very quickly.
The police have to try and keep up with modern inventions that can be use to fight crime.
They have powerful cars and motorbikes, fast motors launches and helicopter The
information the police collect is often stored in computers. Police scientists have modern
laboratories where they study all the clues brought in by detectives. Police in over a
hundred countries share information with each other. They use the organization called
"Interpol" which is based in Paris. Machines have not been the answer to all the police
problems. They use dog to task criminals and sniff out explosive and drugs. Horses are still
used for controlling large numbers of people. Most of the police officers all over the world
carry guns.
Theoretical Background
This study is achored in the Kopers Curve Theory of Cristopher S. Coper and
supported by Crime Prevention Theory of Ronald V. Clarke and Rational Choice Theory of
Adam Smith.
Stated that this theory that crime is less likely to occur in the certain hotspot if there is a
noticeable police presence. Although the Koper Curve contribution to hot spots policing is
widely known, there is little discussed in relation to the frequency of visits to hot spots.
Surprisingly, the closest approximations of a test of the Koper Curve did not compare
different lengths of patrol visits; they simply required all visits to be 15 min in length (Telep
et al. 2012; Ariel and Sherman 2012; Ariel 2014; Ariel et al. 2016) For example, a
hot spots, matched them into 21 pairs and randomly assigned one member of each pair
treatment or control status for 90 days. In treatment hot spots, officers randomly rotated
between hot spots, spending about 15 min patrolling in each. The results in Sacramento
show statistically significant reductions in crime and disorder in the 15-min spots compared
to the no-minute spots. As well as the Telep et al. (2012) Sacramento study, there have
been other experiments conducted in the UK which have focused on the 15-min
recommendation from the Koper (1995) analysis of the Minneapolis (Sherman and
of directed patrol each day, where the hour of directed patrol was split into 15-min patrols
conducted four times per shift (Ariel and Sherman 2012). The preliminary analysis of this
study indicated that there was a 25% reduction in crime on treatment platforms compared
States that this theory are the settings for criminal acts rather than on the characteristics of
situational crime prevention, crime is the result of an interaction between disposition and
opportunities. Consequently, situational factors can stimulate crime and addressing these
factors can reduce crime. Situational crime prevention focuses on very specific categories
of crime or disorder, and takes particular note of crime concentrations. Understanding how
crimes are committed is critically important to situational crime prevention. It uses an action-
Situational crime prevention has been widely used across the globe and has been applied
to minor deviance (e.g., littering), standard crimes (e.g., burglary and robbery), and to
extremely serious crime (e.g., international terrorism and maritime piracy). The evidence for
that it does not inevitably displace crime. In fact, it often reduces crime near prevention
sites.
THE PROBLEM
This study aims to determine the Effectiveness of the Police Patrol for Public Safety as
perceieved by the community. The findings of the study will be the basis of action plan.
1.1 Age
2. How do the effectiveness of the different patrol methods be described by the police
3. What is the level of effectiveness of the police patrol methods as perceived by the
The results of this research study will benefit different groups of people:
Police Officers of Bogo City. The results of this research study shall build a good
relationship between the Police officers and the people. This study
Citizens of Bogo City. To become more disciplined. They need to help the Police officers
towards crime prevention by applying the patrol methods. Together with the other major
public and private services, results of the study may help to improve the quality of life of the
community by launching prevention programs, that will reduce the fear of crime and
Barangay Councils of selected Barangays of Bogo City. The results of this study will
help improve their jobs through the use of patrol methods. Working together with the PNP
officers, the community will be well protected from crimes that may occur in the locality.
Future Researchers. Students in criminology course who are interested on the same topic
Research Methodology
Profile of the
Respondents Descriptive
Methods
Effectiveness of Using
Different Patrol Correlational
Data Proposed
methods
Gathering Action Plan
Level of
Effectiveness of Treatment of
the Police Patrol Data
Methods
Research Environment
This study will conducted at Bogo City which has a total population of 88,867 as of
2020. This study focuses the Effectiveness of Police Patrol for Public Safety as Perceived
by the Community.
Research Respondents
The respondents of this will be the Police Officer, Citizens, and Barangay Officials of
Bogo City Cebu. The sampling technique that will be used in this study is purposive
The questionnare consist of three parts: part I, deals with profile of respondents .
Part II Effectiveness of the different patrol methods used for patrolling for public safety as
perceived by the community in Bogo City Cebu. Part III refers to the effectiveness of the
Table 1
Descriptive Weight
Equivalent
Effective (2)
The last part is the problems encountered in eacting police patrol for public safety.
Table 2 Distribution of Respondents
Police Officer 10
Citizens 10
Barangay Officials 10
TOTAL 30
Research Procedure
To achieve the goals of the study, the researchers used the descriptive method. It
was used in the study because through the aid of questionnaire suplemented with formal
interview.
Gathering Data
The researchers will follow the protocol by asking an approval from the Chief of
Police, Barangay Captain and the citizens live in Bogo City. After the letter will be approved
the researcher will start to conduct the survey and will be sent to the respondents. The
instrument will be explained carefully and clearly to the participants and assuring them that
the response will be used for the study and will be treated confidentiality. After the
Treatment of Data
Frequency count and percent will be used to determine the number of respondents profile
DEFINITION OF TERMS
In this part, the researcher identified the different terms which will offer technicalities to the
reader and may result to some vague and ambiguous interpretation, however the
characteristics in common.
Level of Effectiveness- means the percentage of time in a month that a product is
functioning properly in accordance with its Specifications. And the specific position that a
distributor has achieved depending on the amount and distribution of its Group turnover.
Police Patrol- A group of police authorities that go around an area or a building to see if
there is any trouble or danger. The whole town is patrolled by police because of the
possibility of riots.
Protection- the act of protecting or the state of being protected, preservation from injury or
harm.
Public Safety- the prevention of protection from events that could endanger the safety
and security of the public from significant danger, injury, or property damage.
Police Officers - Refers to people who are responsible for enforcing and manage the
patrolling regulations and controlling the crime rate, maintain the safety of the people in
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
Dear Respondents,
researchers
Kindly put a check (√) mark of the following information which implies to you.
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
Male
Female
Single
Married
QUESTIONNAIRE
Name:(Optional)
Part II. Effectiveness of the different patrol methods used for patrolling for public safety as
Direction: Evaluate the following indicators by putting a check (/). Please use the rating
2 Effective (E)
Indicatords VME ME E NE
1. Automobile Partrol
in responding accidents
1.2 Police officers use automobile when
conducting checkpoint
open area
2. Foot Patrol
patrol.
committed.
3. Motorcycle Patrol
the city.
Name:(Optional)
Part II. The effectiveness of the police patrol methods as perceived by the community.
Direction: Evaluate the following indicators by putting a check (/). Please use the rating
2 Effective (E)
Indicatords VME ME E NE
responding to accident.
commit.
curfew hours.
community affairs.
VME ME E NE
community
and barangays.
community.
3. Police officers asked the community