Professional Documents
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JJ Act 2015 Alongwith 2021 Amendment 1
JJ Act 2015 Alongwith 2021 Amendment 1
A SIDE-BY-SIDE COMPARISON
In 2021, the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Amendment Act, 2021 was passed to amend
various provisions of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015. The Amendment Act
brought about 29 amendments. This document contains both the pre-amendment language as well as the
changes that were made in the Act.
This document aims to assist in a clause-by-clause analysis of the amendments and to assist practicing lawyers,
academicians, and law students who need to refer to both the previous as well as current law.
The clauses or sections which have been deleted are in red and struck through, and new additions
are in green and underlined.
THE JUVENILE JUSTICE (CARE AND PROTECTION OF CHILDREN) ACT, 2015
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
Chapter I
PRELIMINARY
Chapter II
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CARE AND PROTECTION OF CHILDREN
Chapter III
JUVENILE JUSTICE BOARD
Chapter IV
PROCEDURE IN RELATION TO CHILDREN IN CONFLICT WITH LAW
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SECTIONS
21. Order that may not be passed against a child in conflict with law.
22. Proceeding under Chapter VIII of the Code of Criminal Procedure not to apply against child.
23. No joint proceedings of child in conflict with law and person not a child.
24. Removal of disqualification on the findings of an offence.
25. Special provision in respect of pending cases.
26. Provision with respect of run away child in conflict with law.
CHAPTER V
The Child Welfare Committee
CHAPTER VI
PROCEDURE IN RELATION TO CHILDREN IN NEED OF CARE AND PROTECTION
CHAPTER VII
REHABILITATION AND SOCIAL RE-INTEGRATION
CHAPTER VIII
ADOPTION
56. Adoption.
57. Eligibility of prospective adoptive parents.
58. Procedure for adoption by Indian prospective adoptive parents living in India.
59. Procedure for inter-country adoption of an orphan or abandoned or surrendered child.
60. Procedure for inter-country relative adoption.
61. Court procedure and penalty against payment in consideration of adoption.
62. Additional procedural requirements and documentation.
63. Effect of adoption.
64. Reporting of adoption.
65. Specialised Adoption Agencies.
66. Adoption of children residing in institutions not registered as adoption agencies.
67. State Adoption Resource Agency.
68. Central Adoption Resource Authority.
69. Steering Committee of Authority.
70. Powers of Authority.
71. Annual Report of Authority.
72. Grants by Central Government.
73. Accounts and audit of Authority.
CHAPTER IX
OTHER OFFENCES AGAINST CHILDREN
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SECTIONS
78. Using a child for vending, peddling, carrying, supplying or smuggling any intoxicating liquor, narcotic
drug or psychotropic substance.
79. Exploitation of a child employee.
80. Punitive measures for adoption without following prescribed procedures.
81. Sale and procurement of children for any purpose.
82. Corporal punishment.
83. Use of child by militant groups or other adults.
84. Kidnapping and abduction of child.
85. Offences committed on disabled children.
86. Classification of offences and designated court.
87. Abetment.
88. Alternative punishment.
89. Offence committed by child under this Chapter.
CHAPTER X
MISCELLANEOUS
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SECTIONS
An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to children alleged and found to be in conflict with law and
children in need of care and protection by catering to their basic needs through proper care, protection,
development, treatment, social re-integration, by adopting a child-friendly approach in the adjudication and
disposal of matters in the best interest of children and for their rehabilitation through processes provided, and
institutions and bodies established, herein under and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
WHEREAS, the provisions of the Constitution confer powers and impose duties, under clause (3) of article 15,
clauses (e) and (f) of article 39, article 45 and article 47, on the State to ensure that all the needs of children are
met and that their basic human rights are fully protected;
AND WHEREAS, the Government of India has acceded on the 11th December, 1992 to the Convention on the
Rights of the Child, adopted by the General Assembly of United Nations, which has prescribed a set of standards
to be adhered to by all State parties in securing the best interest of the child;
AND WHEREAS, it is expedient to re-enact the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 (56
of 2000) to make comprehensive provisions for children alleged and found to be in conflict with law and children
in need of care and protection, taking into consideration the standards prescribed in the Convention on the
Rights of the Child, the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice, 1985
(the Beijing Rules), the United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty (1990), the
Hague Convention on Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Inter-country Adoption (1993), and
other related international instruments.
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CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY
1) This Act may be called the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015.
2) It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir.
3) It shall come into force on such date1 as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette,
appoint.
4) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, the provisions of this Act
shall apply to all1 matters concerning children in need of care and protection and children in conflict with law,
including —
(i) apprehension, detention, prosecution, penalty or imprisonment, rehabilitation and social re-
integration of children in conflict with law;
(ii) procedures and decisions or orders relating to rehabilitation, adoption, re-integration, and
restoration of children in need of care and protection.
1
15th January, 2016, vide notification No. S.O. 110(E), dated 12th January, 2016, see Gazette of India, Extraordinary, Part II, sec. 3(ii).
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8) “begging” means—
(i) soliciting or receiving alms in a public place or entering into any private premises for the
purpose of soliciting or receiving alms, under any pretence;
(ii) exposing or exhibiting with the object of obtaining or extorting alms, any sore, wound, injury,
deformity or disease, whether of himself or of any other person or of an animal;
9) “best interest of child” means the basis for any decision taken regarding the child, to ensure
fulfilment of his basic rights and needs, identity, social well-being and physical, emotional and
intellectual development;
10) “Board” means a Juvenile Justice Board constituted under section 4;
11) “Central Authority” means the Government department recognised as such under the Hague
Convention on Protection of Children and Cooperation in Inter-country Adoption (1993);
12) “child” means a person who has not completed eighteen years of age;
13) “child in conflict with law” means a child who is alleged or found to have committed an offence
and who has not completed eighteen years of age on the date of commission of such offence;
14) “child in need of care and protection” means a child—
(i) who is found without any home or settled place of abode and without any ostensible means
of subsistence; or
(ii) who is found working in contravention of the provisions of this Act or labour laws for the time
being in force or is found begging, or living on the street; or
(iii) who resides with a person (whether a guardian of the child or not) and such person—
(a) has injured, exploited, abused or neglected the child or has violated any other law for
the time being in force meant for the protection of child; or
(b) has threatened to kill, injure, exploit or abuse the child and there is a reasonable
likelihood of the threat being carried out; or
(c) has killed, abused, neglected or exploited some other child or children and there is a
reasonable likelihood of the child in question being killed, abused, exploited or neglected
by that person; or
(iv) who is mentally ill or mentally or physically challenged or suffering from terminal or incurable
disease, having no one to support or look after or having parents or guardians unfit to take care,
if found so by the Board or the Committee; or
(v) who has a parent or guardian and such parent or guardian is found to be unfit or
incapacitated, by the Committee or the Board, to care for and protect the safety and well-being
of the child; or
(vi) who does not have parents and no one is willing to take care of, or whose parents have
abandoned or surrendered him; or who does not have parents and no one is willing to take care
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of and protect or who is abandoned or surrendered;
(vii) who is missing or run away child, or whose parents cannot be found after making reasonable
inquiry in such manner as may be prescribed; or
(viii) who has been or is being or is likely to be abused, tortured or exploited for the purpose of
sexual abuse or illegal acts; or
(ix) who is found vulnerable and is likely to be has been or is being or is likely to be inducted into
drug abuse or trafficking; or
(x) who is being or is likely to be abused for unconscionable gains; or
(xi) who is victim of or affected by any armed conflict, civil unrest or natural calamity; or
(xii) who is at imminent risk of marriage before attaining the age of marriage and whose parents,
family members, guardian and any other persons are likely to be responsible for solemnisation
of such marriage;
15) “child friendly” means any behaviour, conduct, practice, process, attitude, environment or
treatment that is humane, considerate and in the best interest of the child;
16) “child legally free for adoption” means a child declared as such by the Committee after making
due inquiry under section 38;
17) “Child Welfare Officer” means an officer attached to a Children’s Home child care institution, for
carrying out the directions given by the Committee or, as the case may be, the Board with such
responsibility as may be prescribed;
(i) “Child Welfare Police Officer” means an officer designated as such under sub-section (1) of
section 107;
18) “Children’s Home” means a Children’s Home, established or maintained, in every district or
group of districts, by the State Government, either by itself, or through a voluntary or non-
governmental organisation, and is registered as such for the purposes specified in section 50;
19) “Children’s Court” means a court established under the Commissions for Protection of Child
Rights Act, 2005 (4 of 2006) or a Special Court under the Protection of Children from Sexual
Offences Act, 2012 (32 of 2012), wherever existing and where such courts have not been
designated, the Court of Sessions having jurisdiction to try offences under the Act;
20) “child care institution” means Children Home, open shelter, observation home, special home,
place of safety, Specialised Adoption Agency and a fit facility recognised under this Act for
providing care and protection to children, who are in need of such services;
21) “Committee” means Child Welfare Committee constituted under section 27;
22) “court” means a civil court, which has jurisdiction in matters of adoption and guardianship and
may include the District Court, Family Court and City Civil Courts;
23) “corporal punishment” means the subjecting of a child by any person to physical punishment
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that involves the deliberate infliction of pain as retribution for an offence, or for the purpose of
disciplining or reforming the child;
24) “childline services” means a twenty-four hours emergency outreach service for children in crisis
which links them to emergency or long-term care and rehabilitation service;
25) “District Child Protection Unit” means a Child Protection Unit for a District, established by the
State Government under section 106, which is the focal point which shall function under the
supervision of the District Magistrate to ensure the implementation of this Act and other child
protection measures in the district;
(26 A) “District Magistrate” includes Additional District Magistrate of the District.
26) “fit facility” means a facility being run by a governmental organisation or a registered voluntary
or non-governmental organisation, prepared to temporarily own the responsibility of a
particular child for a specific purpose, and such facility is recognised as fit for the said purpose,
by the Committee, as the case may be, or the Board, under sub-section (1) of section 51;
27) “fit person” means any person, prepared to own the responsibility of a child, for a specific
purpose, and such person is identified after inquiry made in this behalf and recognised as fit for
the said purpose, by the Committee or, as the case may be, the Board, to receive and take care
of the child;
28) “foster care” means placement of a child, by the Committee for the purpose of alternate care in
the domestic environment of a family, other than the child’s biological family, that has been
selected, qualified, approved and supervised for providing such care;
29) “foster family” means a family found suitable by the District Child Protection Unit to keep
children in foster care under section 44;
30) “guardian” in relation to a child, means his natural guardian or any other person having, in the
opinion of the Committee or, as the case may be, the Board, the actual charge of the child, and
recognised by the Committee or, as the case may be, the Board as a guardian in the course of
proceedings;
31) “group foster care” means a family like care facility for children in need of care and protection
who are without parental care, aiming on providing personalised care and fostering a sense of
belonging and identity, through family like and community based solutions;
32) “heinous offences” includes the offences for which the minimum punishment under the Indian
Penal Code (45 of 1860) or any other law for the time being in force is imprisonment for seven
years or more;
33) “inter-country adoption” means adoption of a child from India by non-resident Indian or by a
person of Indian origin or by a foreigner;
34) “juvenile” means a child below the age of eighteen years;
35) “narcotic drug” and “psychotropic substance” shall have the meanings, respectively, assigned to
them in the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (61 of 1985);
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36) “no objection certificate” for inter-country adoption means a certificate issued by the Central
Adoption Resource Authority for the said purpose;
37) “non-resident Indian” means a person who holds an Indian passport and is presently residing
abroad for more than one year;
38) “notification” means the notification published in the Official Gazette of India, or as the case may
be, in the Gazette of a State, and the expression “notify” shall be construed accordingly;
39) “observation home” means an observation home established and maintained in every district or
group of districts by a State Government, either by itself, or through a voluntary or non-
governmental organisation, and is registered as such, for the purposes specified in sub-section
(1) of section 47;
40) “open shelter” means a facility for children, established and maintained by the State
Government, either by itself, or through a voluntary or non-governmental organisation under
sub-section (1) of section 43, and registered as such, for the purposes specified in that section;
41) “orphan” means a child—
(i) who is without biological or adoptive parents or legal guardian; or
(ii) whose legal guardian is not willing to take, or capable of taking care of the child;
42) “overseas citizen of India” means a person registered as such under the Citizenship Act, 1955
(57 of 1955);
43) “person of Indian origin” means a person, any of whose lineal ancestors is or was an Indian
national, and who is presently holding a Person of Indian Origin Card issued by the Central
Government;
44) “petty offences” includes the offences for which the maximum punishment under the Indian
Penal Code (45 of 1860) or any other law for the time being in force is imprisonment up to three
years;
45) “place of safety” means any place or institution, not being a police lockup or jail, established
separately or attached to an observation home or a special home, as the case may be, the person
in- charge of which is willing to receive and take care of the children alleged or found to be in
conflict with law, by an order of the Board or the Children’s Court, both during inquiry and
ongoing rehabilitation after having been found guilty for a period and purpose as specified in the
order;
46) “prescribed” means prescribed by rules made under this Act;
47) “probation officer” means an officer appointed by the State Government as a probation officer
under the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958 (20 of 1958) or the Legal-cum-Probation Officer
appointed by the State Government under District Child Protection Unit;
48) “prospective adoptive parents” means a person or persons eligible to adopt a child as per the
provisions of section 57;
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49) “public place” shall have the same meaning assigned to it in the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act,
1956 (104 of 1956);
50) “registered”, with reference to child care institutions or agencies or facilities managed by the
State Government, or a voluntary or non-governmental organisation, means observation homes,
special homes, place of safety, children’s homes, open shelters or Specialised Adoption Agency
or fit facility or any other institution that may come up in response to a particular need or
agencies or facilities authorised and registered under section 41, for providing residential care
to children, on a short-term or long-term basis;
51) “relative”, in relation to a child for the purpose of adoption under this Act, means a paternal
uncle or aunt, or a maternal uncle or aunt, or paternal grandparent or maternal grandparent;
52) “State Agency” means the State Adoption Resource Agency set up by the State Government for
dealing with adoption and related matters under section 67;
53) “serious offences” includes the offences for which the punishment under the Indian Penal Code
(45 of 1860) or any other law for the time being in force, is imprisonment between three to seven
years; “serious offences” includes the offences for which the punishment under the Indian Penal
Code or any other law for the time being in force, is,-
(a) minimum imprisonment for a term more than three years and not exceeding seven years;
or
(b) maximum imprisonment for a term more than seven years but no minimum imprisonment
or minimum imprisonment of less than seven years is provided.
(This definition has already been brought into effect by the Supreme Court Judgment Shilpa
Mittal v. State (NCT of Delhi), [(2020) 2 SCC 787])
54) “special juvenile police unit” means a unit of the police force of a district or city or, as the case
may be, any other police unit like railway police, dealing with children and designated as such
for handling children under section 107;
55) “special home” means an institution established by a State Government or by a voluntary or non-
governmental organisation, registered under section 48, for housing and providing rehabilitative
services to children in conflict with law, who are found, through inquiry, to have committed an
offence and are sent to such institution by an order of the Board;
56) “Specialised Adoption Agency” means an institution established by the State Government or by
a voluntary or non-governmental organisation and recognised under section 65, for housing
orphans, abandoned and surrendered children, placed there by order of the Committee, for the
purpose of adoption;
57) “sponsorship” means provision of supplementary support, financial or otherwise, to the families
to meet the medical, educational and developmental needs of the child;
58) “State Government”, in relation to a Union territory, means the Administrator of that Union
territory appointed by the President under article 239 of the Constitution;
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59) “surrendered child” means a child, who is relinquished by the parent or guardian to the
Committee, on account of physical, emotional and social factors beyond their control, and
declared as such by the Committee;
60) all words and expressions used but not defined in this Act and defined in other Acts shall have
the meanings respectively assigned to them in those Acts.
CHAPTER II
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CARE AND PROTECTION OF CHILDREN
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treatment shall be provided to every child.
(xi) Principle of right to privacy and confidentiality: Every child shall have a right to protection of his
privacy and confidentiality, by all means and throughout the judicial process.
(xii) Principle of institutionalisation as a measure of last resort: A child shall be placed in institutional care
as a step of last resort after making a reasonable inquiry.
(xiii) Principle of repatriation and restoration: Every child in the juvenile justice system shall have the
right to be re-united with his family at the earliest and to be restored to the same socio- economic and
cultural status that he was in, before coming under the purview of this Act, unless such restoration and
repatriation is not in his best interest.
(xiv) Principle of fresh start: All past records of any child under the Juvenile Justice system should be
erased except in special circumstances.
(xv) Principle of diversion: Measures for dealing with children in conflict with law without resorting to
judicial proceedings shall be promoted unless it is in the best interest of the child or the society as a
whole.
(xvi) Principles of natural justice: Basic procedural standards of fairness shall be adhered to, including the
right to a fair hearing, rule against bias and the right to review, by all persons or bodies, acting in a judicial
capacity under this Act.
CHAPTER III
JUVENILE JUSTICE BOARD
1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974), the
State Government shall, constitute for every district, one or more Juvenile Justice Boards for
exercising the powers and discharging its functions relating to children in conflict with law under
this Act.
2) A Board shall consist of a Metropolitan Magistrate or a Judicial Magistrate of First Class not being
Chief Metropolitan Magistrate or Chief Judicial Magistrate (hereinafter referred to as Principal
Magistrate) with at least three years’ experience and two social workers selected in such manner
as may be prescribed, of whom at least one shall be a woman, forming a Bench and every such
Bench shall have the powers conferred by the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974) on
a Metropolitan Magistrate or, as the case may be, a Judicial Magistrate of First Class.
3) No social worker shall be appointed as a member of the Board unless such person has been
actively involved in health, education, or welfare activities pertaining to children for atleast
seven years or a practicing professional with a degree in child psychology, psychiatry, sociology
or law.
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4) No person shall be eligible for selection as a member of the Board, if he—
(i) has any past record of violation of human rights or child rights;
(ii) has been convicted of an offence involving moral turpitude, and such conviction has not been
reversed or has not been granted full pardon in respect of such offence;
(iii) has been removed or dismissed from service of the Central Government or a State
Government or an undertaking or corporation owned or controlled by the Central Government
or a State Government;
(iv) has ever indulged in child abuse or employment of child labour or any other violation of human
rights or immoral act.
5) The State Government shall ensure that induction training and sensitisation of all members
including Principal Magistrate of the Board on care, protection, rehabilitation, legal provisions
and justice for children, as may be prescribed, is provided within a period of sixty days from the
date of appointment.
6) The term of office of the members of the Board and the manner in which such member may
resign shall be such, as may be prescribed.
7) The appointment of any member of the Board, except the Principal Magistrate, may be
terminated after holding an inquiry by the State Government, if he—
(i) has been found guilty of misuse of power vested under this Act; or
(ii) fails to attend the proceedings of the Board consecutively for three months without any valid
reason; or
(iii) fails to attend less than minimum three-fourths of the sittings in a year; or
(iv) becomes ineligible under sub-section (4) during his term as a member.
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5. Placement of person, who cease to be a child during process of inquiry.—Where an inquiry has been
initiated in respect of any child under this Act, and during the course of such inquiry, the child completes the
age of eighteen years, then, notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or in any other law for the time
being in force, the inquiry may be continued by the Board and orders may be passed in respect of such person
as if such person had continued to be a child.
6. Placement of persons, who committed an offence, when person was below the age of eighteen years.—
1) Any person, who has completed eighteen years of age, and is apprehended for committing an offence
when he was below the age of eighteen years, then, such person shall, subject to the provisions of this
section, be treated as a child during the process of inquiry.
2) The person referred to in sub-section (1), if not released on bail by the Board shall be placed in a place
of safety during the process of inquiry.
3) The person referred to in sub-section (1) shall be treated as per the procedure specified under the
provisions of this Act.
7. Procedure in relation to Board.—
1) The Board shall meet at such times and shall observe such rules in regard to the transaction of business
at its meetings, as may be prescribed and shall ensure that all procedures are child friendly and that
the venue is not intimidating to the child and does not resemble as regular courts.
2) A child in conflict with law may be produced before an individual member of the Board, when the
Board is not in sitting.
3) A Board may act notwithstanding the absence of any member of the Board, and no order passed by
the Board shall be invalid by the reason only of the absence of any member during any stage of
proceedings:
Provided that there shall be atleast two members including the Principal Magistrate present at the time of
final disposal of the case or in making an order under sub-section (3) of section 18.
4) In the event of any difference of opinion among the members of the Board in the interim or final
disposal, the opinion of the majority shall prevail, but where there is no such majority, the opinion of
the Principal Magistrate, shall prevail.
8. Powers, functions and responsibilities of the Board.—
1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force but save as otherwise
expressly provided in this Act, the Board constituted for any district shall have the power to deal
exclusively with all the proceedings under this Act, relating to children in conflict with law, in the area
of jurisdiction of such Board.
2) The powers conferred on the Board by or under this Act may also be exercised by the High Court and
the Children’s Court, when the proceedings come before them under section 19 or in appeal, revision
or otherwise.
3) The functions and responsibilities of the Board shall include—
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a) ensuring the informed participation of the child and the parent or guardian, in every step of
the process;
b) ensuring that the child’s rights are protected throughout the process of apprehending the
child, inquiry, aftercare and rehabilitation;
c) ensuring availability of legal aid for the child through the legal services institutions;
d) wherever necessary the Board shall provide an interpreter or translator, having such
qualifications, experience, and on payment of such fees as may be prescribed, to the child if
he fails to understand the language used in the proceedings;
e) directing the Probation Officer, or in case a Probation Officer is not available to the Child
Welfare Officer or a social worker, to undertake a social investigation into the case and submit
a social investigation report within a period of fifteen days from the date of first production
before the Board to ascertain the circumstances in which the alleged offence was committed;
f) adjudicate and dispose of cases of children in conflict with law in accordance with the process
of inquiry specified in section 14;
g) transferring to the Committee, matters concerning the child alleged to be in conflict with law,
stated to be in need of care and protection at any stage, thereby recognising that a child in
conflict with law can also be a child in need of care simultaneously and there is a need for the
Committee and the Board to be both involved;
h) disposing of the matter and passing a final order that includes an individual care plan for the
child’s rehabilitation, including follow up by the Probation Officer or the District Child
Protection Unit or a member of a non-governmental organisation, as may be required;
i) conducting inquiry for declaring fit persons regarding care of children in conflict with law;
j) conducting at least one inspection visit every month of residential facilities for children in
conflict with law and recommend action for improvement in quality of services to the District
Child Protection Unit and the State Government;
k) order the police for registration of first information report for offences committed against any
child in conflict with law, under this Act or any other law for the time being in force, on a
complaint made in this regard;
l) order the police for registration of first information report for offences committed against any
child in need of care and protection, under this Act or any other law for the time being in force,
on a written complaint by a Committee in this regard;
m) conducting regular inspection of jails meant for adults to check if any child is lodged in such
jails and take immediate measures for transfer of such a child to the observation home that
child to an observation home or place of safety, as the case may be,; and
n) any other function as may be prescribed.
9. Procedure to be followed by a Magistrate who has not been empowered under this Act.—
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1) When a Magistrate, not empowered to exercise the powers of the Board under this Act is of the opinion
that the person alleged to have committed the offence and brought before him is a child, he shall,
without any delay, record such opinion and forward the child immediately along with the record of
such proceedings to the Board having jurisdiction.
2) In case a person alleged to have committed an offence claims before a court other than a Board, that
the person is a child or was a child on the date of commission of the offence, or if the court itself is of
the opinion that the person was a child on the date of commission of the offence, the said court shall
make an inquiry, take such evidence as may be necessary (but not an affidavit) to determine the age
of such person, and shall record a finding on the matter, stating the age of the person as nearly as may
be:
Provided that such a claim may be raised before any court and it shall be recognised at any stage, even after
final disposal of the case, and such a claim shall be determined in accordance with the provisions contained
in this Act and the rules made thereunder even if the person has ceased to be a child on or before the date of
commencement of this Act.
3) If the court finds that a person has committed an offence and was a child on the date of commission
of such offence, it shall forward the child to the Board for passing appropriate orders and the sentence,
if any, passed by the court shall be deemed to have no effect.
4) In case a person under this section is required to be kept in protective custody, while the person’s
claim of being a child is being inquired into, such person may be placed, in the intervening period in a
place of safety.
CHAPTER IV
PROCEDURE IN RELATION TO CHILDREN IN CONFLICT WITH LAW
23
monitoring authority for the remainder of the prescribed term of stay;
(ii) decide that the child shall complete the remainder of his term in a jail:
Provided that each State Government shall maintain a list of monitoring authorities and monitoring
procedures as may be prescribed.
21. Order that may not be passed against a child in conflict with law.— No child in conflict with law shall be
sentenced to death or for life imprisonment without the possibility of release, for any such offence, either
under the provisions of this Act or under the provisions of the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) or any
other law for the time being in force.
22. Proceeding under Chapter VIII of the Code of Criminal Procedure not to apply against child.—
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974), or
any preventive detention law for the time being in force, no proceeding shall be instituted and no order shall
be passed against any child under Chapter VIII of the said Code.
23. No joint proceedings of child in conflict with law and person not a child.—
1) Notwithstanding anything contained in section 223 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974)
or in any other law for the time being in force, there shall be no joint proceedings of a child alleged to
be in conflict with law, with a person who is not a child.
2) If during the inquiry by the Board or by the Children’s Court, the person alleged to be in conflict with
law is found that he is not a child, such person shall not be tried along with a child.
24. Removal of disqualification on the findings of an offence.—
1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, a child who has
committed an offence and has been dealt with under the provisions of this Act shall not suffer
disqualification, if any, attached to a conviction of an offence under such law:
Provided that in case of a child who has completed or is above the age of sixteen years and is found to be in
conflict with law by the Children’s Court under clause (i) of sub-section (1) of section 19, the provisions of sub-
section (1) shall not apply.
2) The Board shall make an order directing the Police, or by the Children’s Court to its own registry that
the relevant records of such conviction shall be destroyed after the expiry of the period of appeal or,
as the case may be, a reasonable period as may be prescribed:
Provided that in case of a heinous offence where the child is found to be in conflict with law under clause (i) of
sub-section (1) of section 19, the relevant records of conviction of such child shall be retained by the Children’s
Court.
25. Special provision in respect of pending cases.—Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, all
proceedings in respect of a child alleged or found to be in conflict with law pending before any Board or court
on the date of commencement of this Act, shall be continued in that Board or court as if this Act had not been
enacted.
26. Provision with respect of run away child in conflict with law.—
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1) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any other law for the time being in force, any
police officer may take charge of a child in conflict with law who has run away from a special home or
an observation home or a place of safety or from the care of a person or institution under whom the
child was placed under this Act.
2) The child referred to in sub-section (1) shall be produced, within twenty-four hours, preferably before
the Board which passed the original order in respect of that child, if possible, or to the nearest Board
where the child is found.
3) The Board shall ascertain the reasons for the child having run away and pass appropriate orders for
the child to be sent back either to the institution or person from whose custody the child had run away
or any other similar place or person, as the Board may deem fit:
Provided that the Board may also give additional directions regarding any special steps that may be deemed
necessary, for the best interest of the child.
4) No additional proceeding shall be instituted in respect of such child.
CHAPTER V
CHILD WELFARE COMMITTEE
2) Where a Committee has been constituted for any area, such Committee shall, notwithstanding
anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, but save as otherwise expressly
provided in this Act, have the power to deal exclusively with all proceedings under this Act relating to
children in need of care and protection.
30. Functions and responsibilities of Committee.—The functions and responsibilities of the Committee shall
include—
(i) taking cognizance of and receiving the children produced before it;
(ii) conducting inquiry on all issues relating to and affecting the safety and well-being of the children under this
Act;
(iii) directing the Child Welfare Officers or probation officers or District Child Protection Unit or non-
governmental organisations to conduct social investigation and submit a report before the Committee;
(iv) conducting inquiry for declaring fit persons for care of children in need of care and protection;
(v) directing placement of a child in foster care;
(vi) ensuring care, protection, appropriate rehabilitation or restoration of children in need of care and
protection, based on the child’s individual care plan and passing necessary directions to parents or guardians
or fit persons or children’s homes or fit facility in this regard;
(vii) selecting registered institution for placement of each child requiring institutional support, based on the
child’s age, gender, disability and needs and keeping in mind the available capacity of the institution;
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(viii) conducting at least two inspection visits per month of residential facilities for children in need of care and
protection and recommending action for improvement in quality of services to the District Child Protection
Unit and the State Government;
(ix) certifying the execution of the surrender deed by the parents and ensuring that they are given time to
reconsider their decision as well as making all efforts to keep the family together;
(x) ensuring that all efforts are made for restoration of abandoned or lost children to their families following
due process, as may be prescribed;
(xi) declaration of orphan, abandoned and surrendered child as legally free for adoption after due inquiry;
(xii) taking suo motu cognizance of cases and reaching out to children in need of care and protection, who are
not produced before the Committee, provided that such decision is taken by at least three members;
(xiii) taking action for rehabilitation of sexually abused children who are reported as children in need of care
and protection to the Committee by Special Juvenile Police Unit or local police, as the case may be, under the
Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (32 of 2012);
(xiv) dealing with cases referred by the Board under sub-section (2) of section 17;
(xv) co-ordinate with the police, labour department and other agencies involved in the care and protection of
children with support of the District Child Protection Unit or the State Government;
(xvi) in case of a complaint of abuse of a child in any child care institution, the Committee shall conduct an
inquiry and give directions to the police or the District Child Protection Unit or labour department or childline
services, as the case may be;
(xvii) accessing appropriate legal services for children;
(xviii) such other functions and responsibilities, as may be prescribed.
CHAPTER VI
PROCEDURE IN RELATION TO CHILDREN IN NEED OF CARE AND PROTECTION
28
(iv) Child Welfare Officer or probation officer;
(v) any social worker or a public spirited citizen;
(vi) by the child himself; or
(vii) any nurse, doctor or management of a nursing home, hospital or maternity home:
Provided that the child shall be produced before the Committee without any loss of time but within a period
of twenty-four hours excluding the time necessary for the journey.
2) The State Government may make rules consistent with this Act, to provide for the manner of
submitting the report to the Committee and the manner of sending and entrusting the child to
children’s home or fit facility or fit person, as the case may be, during the period of the inquiry.
32. Mandatory reporting regarding a child found separated from guardian.—
1) Any individual or a police officer or any functionary of any organisation or a nursing home or hospital
or maternity home, who or which finds and takes charge, or is handed over a child who appears or
claims to be abandoned or lost, or a child who appears or claims to be an orphan without family
support, shall within twenty-four hours (excluding the time necessary for the journey), give
information to the Childline Services or the nearest police station or to a Child Welfare Committee or
to the District Child Protection Unit, or hand over the child to a child care institution registered under
this Act, as the case may be.
2) The information regarding a child referred to in sub-section (1) shall be mandatorily uploaded on a
portal as may be specified by the Central Government or the Committee or the District Child Protection
Unit or the child care institution, as the case may be. The information regarding a child referred to in
sub-section (1) shall be uploaded by the Committee or the District Child Protection Unit or the child
care institution, as the case may be, on a portal as may be specified by the Central Government in this
behalf.
33. Offence of non-reporting.—If information regarding a child as required under section 32 is not given within
the period specified in the said section, then, such act shall be regarded as an offence.
34. Penalty for non-reporting.—Any person who has committed an offence under section 33 shall be liable to
imprisonment up to six months or fine of ten thousand rupees or both.
35. Surrender of children.—
1) A parent or guardian, who for physical, emotional and social factors beyond their control, wishes to
surrender a child, shall produce the child before the Committee.
2) If, after prescribed process of inquiry and counselling, the Committee is satisfied, a surrender deed
shall be executed by the parent or guardian, as the case may be, before the Committee.
3) The parents or guardian who surrendered the child, shall be given two months time to reconsider their
decision and in the intervening period the Committee shall either allow, after due inquiry, the child to
be with the parents or guardian under supervision, or place the child in a Specialised Adoption Agency,
if he or she is below six years of age, or a children’s home if he is above six years.
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36. Inquiry.—
1) On production of a child or receipt of a report under section 31, the Committee shall hold an inquiry
in such manner as may be prescribed and the Committee, on its own or on the report from any person
or agency as specified in sub-section (2) of section 31, may pass an order to send the child to the
children’s home or a fit facility or fit person, and for speedy social investigation by a social worker or
Child Welfare Officer or Child Welfare Police Officer:
Provided that all children below six years of age, who are orphan, surrendered or appear to be abandoned
shall be placed in a Specialised Adoption Agency, where available.
2) The social investigation shall be completed within fifteen days so as to enable the Committee to pass
final order within four months of first production of the child:
Provided that for orphan, abandoned or surrendered children, the time for completion of inquiry shall be as
specified in section 38.
3) After the completion of the inquiry, if Committee is of the opinion that the said child has no family or
ostensible support or is in continued need of care and protection, it may send the child to a Specialised
Adoption Agency if the child is below six years of age, children’s home or to a fit facility or person or
foster family, till suitable means of rehabilitation are found for the child, as may be prescribed, or till
the child attains the age of eighteen years:
Provided that the situation of the child placed in a children’s home or with a fit facility or person or a foster
family, shall be reviewed by the Committee, as may be prescribed.
4) The Committee shall submit a quarterly report on the nature of disposal of cases and pendency of
cases to the District Magistrate in the manner as may be prescribed, for review of pendency of cases.
5) After review under sub-section (4), the District Magistrate shall direct the Committee to take necessary
remedial measures to address the pendency, if necessary and send a report of such reviews to the
State Government, who may cause the constitution of additional Committees, if required:
Provided that if the pendency of cases continues to be unaddressed by the Committee even after three
months of receiving such directions, the State Government shall terminate the said Committee and shall
constitute a new Committee.
6) In anticipation of termination of the Committee and in order that no time is lost in constituting a new
Committee, the State Government shall maintain a standing panel of eligible persons to be appointed
as members of the Committee.
7) In case of any delay in the constitution of a new Committee under sub-section (5), the Child Welfare
Committee of a nearby district shall assume responsibility in the intervening period.
37. Orders passed regarding a child in need of care and protection.—
1) The Committee on being satisfied through the inquiry that the child before the Committee is a child in
need of care and protection, may, on consideration of Social Investigation Report submitted by Child
Welfare Officer and taking into account the child’s wishes in case the child is sufficiently mature to take
a view, pass one or more of the following orders, namely:—
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a) declaration that a child is in need of care and protection;
b) restoration of the child to parents or guardian or family with or without supervision of Child
Welfare Officer or designated social worker;
c) placement of the child in Children’s Home or fit facility or Specialised Adoption Agency for the
purpose of adoption for long term or temporary care, keeping in mind the capacity of the
institution for housing such children, either after reaching the conclusion that the family of the
child cannot be traced or even if traced, restoration of the child to the family is not in the best
interest of the child;
d) placement of the child with fit person for long term or temporary care;
e) foster care orders under section 44;
f) sponsorship orders under section 45;
g) directions to persons or institutions or facilities in whose care the child is placed, regarding
care, protection and rehabilitation of the child, including directions relating to immediate
shelter and services such as medical attention, psychiatric and psychological support including
need-based counselling, occupational therapy or behaviour modification therapy, skill training,
legal aid, educational services, and other developmental activities, as required, as well as
follow-up and coordination with the District Child Protection Unit or State Government and
other agencies;
h) declaration that the child is legally free for adoption under section 38.
2) The Committee may also pass orders for—
(i) declaration of fit persons for foster care;
(ii) getting after care support under section 46 of the Act; or
(iii) any other order related to any other function as may be prescribed.
38. Procedure for declaring a child legally free for adoption.—
1) In case of orphan and abandoned child, the Committee shall make all efforts for tracing the parents or
guardians of the child and on completion of such inquiry, if it is established that the child is either an
orphan having no one to take care, or abandoned, the Committee shall declare the child legally free
for adoption:
Provided that such declaration shall be made within a period of two months from the date of production of
the child, for children who are up to two years of age and within four months for children above two years of
age:
Provided further that notwithstanding anything contained in this regard in any other law for the time being
in force, no first information report shall be registered against any biological parent in the process of inquiry
relating to an abandoned or surrendered child under this Act.
2) In case of surrendered child, the institution where the child has been placed by the Committee on an
application for surrender, shall bring the case before the Committee immediately on completion of the
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period specified in section 35, for declaring the child legally free for adoption.
3) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, a child of a mentally
retarded parents or a unwanted child of victim of sexual assault, such child may be declared free for
adoption by the Committee, by following the procedure under this Act.
4) The decision to declare an orphan, abandoned or surrendered child as legally free for adoption shall
be taken by at least three members of the Committee.
5) The Committee shall inform the District Magistrate, the State Agency and the Authority regarding the
number of children declared as legally free for adoption and number of cases pending for decision in
the manner as may be prescribed, every month.
CHAPTER VII
REHABILITATION AND SOCIAL RE-INTEGRATION
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of eighteen years of age may be provided with financial support in order to facilitate child’s re-integration into
the mainstream of the society in the manner as may be prescribed.
47. Observation homes.—
1) The State Government shall establish and maintain in every district or a group of districts, either by
itself, or through voluntary or non-governmental organisations, observation homes, which shall be
registered under section 41 of this Act, for temporary reception, care and rehabilitation of any child
alleged to be in conflict with law, during the pendency of any inquiry under this Act.
2) Where the State Government is of the opinion that any registered institution other than a home
established or maintained under sub-section (1), is fit for the temporary reception of such child alleged
to be in conflict with law during the pendency of any inquiry under this Act, it may register such
institution as an observation home for the purposes of this Act.
3) The State Government may, by rules made under this Act, provide for the management and monitoring
of observation homes, including the standards and various types of services to be provided by them
for rehabilitation and social integration of a child alleged to be in conflict with law and the
circumstances under which, and the manner in which, the registration of an observation home may be
granted or withdrawn.
4) Every child alleged to be in conflict with law who is not placed under the charge of parent or guardian
and is sent to an observation home shall be segregated according to the child’s age and gender, after
giving due consideration to physical and mental status of the child and degree of the offence
committed.
48. Special homes.—
1) The State Government may establish and maintain either by itself or through voluntary or non-
governmental organisations, special homes, which shall be registered as such, in the manner as may
be prescribed, in every district or a group of districts, as may be required for rehabilitation of those
children in conflict with law who are found to have committed an offence and who are placed there
by an order of the Juvenile Justice Board made under section 18.
2) The State Government may, by rules, provide for the management and monitoring of special homes,
including the standards and various types of services to be provided by them which are necessary for
social re-integration of a child, and the circumstances under which, and the manner in which, the
registration of a special home may be granted or withdrawn.
3) The rules made under sub-section (2) may also provide for the segregation and separation of children
found to be in conflict with law on the basis of age, gender, the nature of offence committed by them
and the child’s mental and physical status.
49. Place of safety.—
1) The State Government shall set up atleast one place of safety in a State registered under section 41,
so as to place a person above the age of eighteen years or child in conflict with law, who is between
the age of sixteen to eighteen years and is accused of or convicted for committing a heinous offence.
36
2) Every place of safety shall have separate arrangement and facilities for stay of such children or persons
during the process of inquiry and children or persons convicted of committing an offence.
3) The State Government may, by rules, prescribe the types of places that can be designated as place of
safety under sub-section (1) and the facilities and services that may be provided therein.
50. Children’s Home.—
1) The State Government may establish and maintain, in every district or group of districts, either by itself
or through voluntary or non-governmental organisations, Children’s Homes, which shall be registered
as such, for the placement of children in need of care and protection for their care, treatment,
education, training, development and rehabilitation.
2) The State Government shall designate any Children’s Home as a home fit for children with special
needs delivering specialised services, depending on requirement.
3) The State Government may, by rules, provide for the monitoring and management of Children’s Homes
including the standards and the nature of services to be provided by them, based on individual care
plans for each child.
51. Fit facility.—
1) The Board or the Committee shall recognise a facility being run by a Governmental organisation or a
voluntary or non-governmental organisation registered under any law for the time being in force to be
fit to temporarily take the responsibility of a child for a specific purpose after due inquiry regarding the
suitability of the facility and the organisation to take care of the child in such manner as may be
prescribed.
2) The Board or the Committee may withdraw the recognition under sub-section (1) for reasons to be
recorded in writing.
52. Fit person.—
1) The Board or the Committee shall, after due verification of credentials, recognise any person fit to
temporarily receive a child for care, protection and treatment of such child for a specified period and
in the manner as may be prescribed.
2) The Board or Committee, as the case may be, may withdraw the recognition granted under sub- section
(1) for reasons to be recorded in writing.
53. Rehabilitation and re-integration services in institutions registered under this Act and management
thereof.—
1) The services that shall be provided, by the institutions registered under this Act in the process of
rehabilitation and re-integration of children, shall be in such manner as may be prescribed, which may
include—
(i) basic requirements such as food, shelter, clothing and medical attention as per the prescribed
standards;
(ii) equipment such as wheel-chairs, prosthetic devices, hearing aids, braille kits, or any other suitable
37
aids and appliances as required, for children with special needs;
(iii) appropriate education, including supplementary education, special education, and appropriate
education for children with special needs:
Provided that for children between the age of six to fourteen years, the provisions of the Right of Children to
Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (35 of 2009) shall apply;
(iv) skill development;
(v) occupational therapy and life skill education;
(vi) mental health interventions, including counselling specific to the need of the child;
(vii) recreational activities including sports and cultural activities;
(viii) legal aid where required;
(ix) referral services for education, vocational training, de-addiction, treatment of diseases where
required;
(x) case management including preparation and follow up of individual care plan;
(xi) birth registration;
(xii) assistance for obtaining the proof of identity, where required; and
(xiii) any other service that may reasonably be provided in order to ensure the well-being of the child,
either directly by the State Government, registered or fit individuals or institutions or through referral
services.
2) Every institution shall have a Management Committee, to be set up in a manner as may be prescribed,
to manage the institution and monitor the progress of every child.
3) The officer in-charge of every institution, housing children above six years of age, shall facilitate setting
up of children’s committees for participating in such activities as may be prescribed, for the safety and
well-being of children in the institution.
54. Inspection of institutions registered under this Act.—
1) The State Government shall appoint inspection committees for the State and district, as the case may
be, for all institutions registered or recognised to be fit under this Act for such period and for such
purposes, as may be prescribed.
2) Such inspection committees shall mandatorily conduct visits to all facilities housing children in the area
allocated, at least once in three months in a team of not less than three members, of whom at least
one shall be a woman and one shall be a medical officer, and submit reports of the findings of such
visits within a week of their visit, to the District Child Protection Units or State Government, as the case
may be, District Magistrate for further action.
3) On the submission of the report by the inspection committee within a week of the inspection,
appropriate action shall be taken within a month by the District Child Protection Unit or the State
Government District Magistrate and a compliance report shall be submitted to the State Government.
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55. Evaluation of functioning of structures.—
1) The Central Government or State Government or District Magistrate may independently evaluate the
functioning of the Board, Committee, special juvenile police units, registered institutions, or recognised
fit facilities and persons, at such period and through such persons or institutions as may be prescribed
by that Government.
2) In case such independent evaluation is conducted by both the Governments, the evaluation made by
the Central Government shall prevail.
CHAPTER VIII
ADOPTION
56. Adoption.—
1) Adoption shall be resorted to for ensuring right to family for the orphan, abandoned and surrendered
children, as per the provisions of this Act, the rules made thereunder and the adoption regulations
framed by the Authority.
2) Adoption of a child from a relative by another relative, irrespective of their religion, can be made as
per the provisions of this Act and the adoption regulations framed by the Authority.
3) Nothing in this Act shall apply to the adoption of children made under the provisions of the Hindu
Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956 (78 of 1956).
4) All inter-country adoptions shall be done only as per the provisions of this Act and the adoption
regulations framed by the Authority.
5) Any person, who takes or sends a child to a foreign country or takes part in any arrangement for
transferring the care and custody of a child to another person in a foreign country without a valid order
from the Court District Magistrate, shall be punishable as per the provisions of section 80
1) The prospective adoptive parents shall be physically fit, financially sound, mentally alert and highly
motivated to adopt a child for providing a good upbringing to him.
2) In case of a couple, the consent of both the spouses for the adoption shall be required.
3) A single or divorced person can also adopt, subject to fulfilment of the criteria and in accordance with
the provisions of adoption regulations framed by the Authority.
5) Any other criteria that may be specified in the adoption regulations framed by the Authority.
58. Procedure for adoption by Indian prospective adoptive parents living in India.—
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1) Indian prospective adoptive parents living in India, irrespective of their religion, if interested to adopt
an orphan or abandoned or surrendered child, may apply for the same to a Specialised Adoption
Agency, in the manner as provided in the adoption regulations framed by the Authority.
2) The Specialised Adoption Agency shall prepare the home study report of the prospective adoptive
parents and upon finding them eligible, will refer a child declared legally free for adoption to them
along with the child study report and medical report of the child, in the manner as provided in the
adoption regulations framed by the Authority.
3) On the receipt of the acceptance of the child from the prospective adoptive parents along with the
child study report and medical report of the child signed by such parents, the Specialised Adoption
Agency shall give the child in pre-adoption foster care and file an application in the court before the
District Magistrate for obtaining the adoption order, in the manner as provided in the adoption
regulations framed by the Authority.
4) On the receipt of a certified copy of the court order order passed by the District Magistrate, the
Specialised Adoption Agency shall send immediately the same to the prospective adoptive parents.
5) The progress and wellbeing of the child in the adoptive family shall be followed up and ascertained in
the manner as provided in the adoption regulations framed by the Authority.
1) If an orphan or abandoned or surrendered child could not be placed with an Indian or non-resident
Indian prospective adoptive parent despite the joint effort of the Specialised Adoption Agency and
State Agency within sixty days from the date the child has been declared legally free for adoption, such
child shall be free for inter-country adoption:
Provided that children with physical and mental disability, siblings and children above five years of age may
be given preference over other children for such inter-country adoption, in accordance with the adoption
regulations, as may be framed by the Authority.
2) An eligible non-resident Indian or overseas citizen of India or persons of Indian origin shall be given
priority in inter-country adoption of Indian children.
3) A non-resident Indian or overseas citizen of India, or person of Indian origin or a foreigner, who are
prospective adoptive parents living abroad, irrespective of their religion, if interested to adopt an
orphan or abandoned or surrendered child from India, may apply for the same to an authorised foreign
adoption agency, or Central Authority or a concerned Government department in their country of
habitual residence, as the case may be, in the manner as provided in the adoption regulations framed
by the Authority.
4) The authorised foreign adoption agency, or Central Authority, or a concerned Government
department, as the case may be, shall prepare the home study report of such prospective adoptive
parents and upon finding them eligible, will sponsor their application to Authority for adoption of a
child from India, in the manner as provided in the adoption regulations framed by the Authority.
5) On the receipt of the application of such prospective adoptive parents, the Authority shall examine
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and if it finds the applicants suitable, then, it will refer the application to one of the Specialised
Adoption Agencies, where children legally free for adoption are available.
6) The Specialised Adoption Agency will match a child with such prospective adoptive parents and send
the child study report and medical report of the child to such parents, who in turn may accept the child
and return the child study and medical report duly signed by them to the said agency.
7) On receipt of the acceptance of the child from the prospective adoptive parents, the Specialised
Adoption Agency shall file an application in the court before the District Magistrate for obtaining the
adoption order, in the manner as provided in the adoption regulations framed by the Authority.
8) On the receipt of a certified copy of the court order order passed by the District Magistrate, the
specialised adoption agency shall send immediately the same to Authority, State Agency and to the
prospective adoptive parents, and obtain a passport for the child.
9) The Authority shall intimate about the adoption to the immigration authorities of India and the
receiving country of the child.
10) The prospective adoptive parents shall receive the child in person from the specialised adoption
agency as soon as the passport and visa are issued to the child.
11) The authorised foreign adoption agency, or Central Authority, or the concerned Government
department, as the case may be, shall ensure the submission of progress reports about the child in the
adoptive family and will be responsible for making alternative arrangement in the case of any
disruption, in consultation with Authority and concerned Indian diplomatic mission, in the manner as
provided in the adoption regulations framed by the Authority.
12) A foreigner or a person of Indian origin or an overseas citizen of India, who has habitual residence in
India, if interested to adopt a child from India, may apply to Authority for the same along with a no
objection certificate from the diplomatic mission of his country in India, for further necessary actions
as provided in the adoption regulations framed by the Authority.
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a) the adoption is for the welfare of the child;
b) due consideration is given to the wishes of the child having regard to the age and
understanding of the child; and
c) that neither the prospective adoptive parents has given or agreed to give nor the specialised
adoption agency or the parent or guardian of the child in case of relative adoption has received
or agreed to receive any payment or reward in consideration of the adoption, except as
permitted under the adoption regulations framed by the Authority towards the adoption fees
or service charge or child care corpus.
2) The adoption proceedings shall be held in camera and the case shall be disposed of by the court
District Magistrate within a period of two months from the date of filing.
62. Additional procedural requirements and documentation.—
1) The documentation and other procedural requirements, not expressly provided in this Act with regard
to the adoption of an orphan, abandoned and surrendered child by Indian prospective adoptive
parents living in India, or by non-resident Indian or overseas citizen of India or person of Indian origin
or foreigner prospective adoptive parents, shall be as per the adoption regulations framed by the
Authority.
2) The specialised adoption agency shall ensure that the adoption case of prospective adoptive parents
is disposed of within four months from the date of receipt of application and the authorised foreign
adoption agency, Authority and State Agency shall track the progress of the adoption case and
intervene wherever necessary, so as to ensure that the time line is adhered to.
63. Effect of adoption.—A child in respect of whom an adoption order is issued by the court District Magistrate,
shall become the child of the adoptive parents, and the adoptive parents shall become the parents of the child
as if the child had been born to the adoptive parents, for all purposes, including intestacy, with effect from the
date on which the adoption order takes effect, and on and from such date all the ties of the child in the family
of his or her birth shall stand severed and replaced by those created by the adoption order in the adoptive
family:
Provided that any property which has vested in the adopted child immediately before the date on which the
adoption order takes effect shall continue to vest in the adopted child subject to the obligations, if any,
attached to the ownership of such property including the obligations, if any, to maintain the relatives in the
biological family.
64. Reporting of adoption.—Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force,
information regarding all adoption orders issued by the concerned courts District Magistrate, shall be
forwarded to Authority on monthly basis in the manner as provided in the adoption regulations framed by the
Authority, so as to enable Authority to maintain the data on adoption.
43
c) to frame regulations on adoption and related matters from time to time as may be necessary;
d) to carry out the functions of the Central Authority under the Hague Convention on Protection of
Children and Cooperation in respect of Inter-country Adoption;
e) any other function as may be prescribed.
69. Steering Committee of Authority.—
1) The Authority shall have a Steering Committee with following members:
a) Secretary, Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India, who shall be the
Chairperson—ex officio;
b) Joint Secretary, Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India, dealing with
Authority—ex officio;
c) Joint Secretary, Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India, dealing with
Finance—ex officio;
d) one State Adoption Resource Agency and two Specialised Adoption Agencies;
e) one adoptive parent and one adoptee;
f) one advocate or a professor having at least ten years of experience in family law;
g) Member-Secretary, who shall also be Chief Executive Officer of the organisation.
2) Criteria for the selection or nomination of the Members mentioned at (d) to (f), their tenure as well as
the terms and conditions of their appointment shall be such as may be prescribed.
3) The Steering Committee shall have the following functions, namely:—
a) to oversee the functioning of Authority and review its working from time to time so that it
operates in most effective manner;
b) to approve the annual budget, annual accounts and audit reports as well as the action plan
and annual report of Authority;
c) to adopt the recruitment rules, service rules, financial rules of Authority as well as the other
regulations for the exercise of the administrative and programmatic powers within the
organisation, with the prior approval of the Central Government;
d) any other function that may be vested with it by the Central Government from time to time.
4) The Steering Committee shall meet once in a month in the manner as may be prescribed.
5) The Authority shall function from its headquarter and through its regional offices as may be set up as
per its functional necessity.
70. Powers of Authority.—
1) For the efficient performance of its functions, Authority shall have the following powers, namely:—
a) to issue instructions to any Specialised Adoption Agency or a Children Home or any child care
44
institution housing any orphan, abandoned or surrendered child, any State Agency or any
authorised foreign adoption agency and such directions shall be complied by such agencies;
b) recommending to the concerned Government or Authority to take appropriate action against
any official or functionary or institution under its administrative control, in case of persistent
non- compliance of the instructions issued by it;
c) forwarding any case of persistent non-compliance of its instructions by any official or
functionary or institution to a Magistrate having jurisdiction to try the same and the Magistrate
to whom any such case is forwarded shall proceed to hear the same as if the case has been
forwarded to him under section 346 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974);
d) any other power that may be vested with it by the Central Government.
2) In case of any difference of opinion in an adoption case, including the eligibility of prospective adoptive
parents or of a child to be adopted, the decision of Authority shall prevail.
71. Annual Report of Authority.—
1) The Authority shall submit an annual report to the Central Government in such manner as may be
prescribed.
2) The Central Government shall cause the annual report of Authority to be laid before each House of
Parliament
72. Grants by Central Government.—
1) The Central Government shall, after due appropriation made by Parliament by law in this behalf, pay
to the Authority by way of grants such sums of money as the Central Government may think fit for
being utilised for performing the functions of Authority under this Act.
2) The Authority may spend such sums of money as it thinks fit for performing the functions, as prescribed
under this Act, and such sums shall be treated as expenditure payable out of the grants referred to in
sub-section (1).
73. Accounts and audit of Authority.—
1) The Authority shall maintain proper accounts and other relevant records and prepare an annual
statement of accounts in such form as may be prescribed by the Central Government in consultation
with the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.
2) The accounts of Authority shall be audited by the Comptroller and Auditor-General at such intervals as
may be specified by him and any expenditure incurred in connection with such audit shall be payable
by the Authority to the Comptroller and Auditor-General.
3) The Comptroller and Auditor-General and any person appointed by him in connection with the audit
of the accounts of the Authority under this Act shall, have the same rights and privileges and the
Authority in connection with the audit of Government accounts and, in particular, shall have the right
to demand the production of books, accounts, connected vouchers and other documents and papers
and to inspect any of the offices of Authority.
45
4) The accounts of the Authority as certified by the Comptroller and Auditor-General or any other person
appointed by him in this behalf, together with the audit report thereon shall be forwarded annually to
the Central Government by the Authority.
5) The Central Government shall cause the audit report to be laid, as soon as may be after it is received,
before each House of Parliament.
CHAPTER IX
OTHER OFFENCES AGAINST CHILDREN
CHAPTER X
MISCELLANEOUS
90. Attendance of parent or guardian of child.—The Committee or the Board, as the case may be, before
which a child is brought under any of the provisions of this Act, may, whenever it so thinks fit, require any
parent or guardian having the actual charge of the child to be present at any proceeding in respect of that child.
91. Dispensing with attendance of child.—
1) If, at any stage during the course of an inquiry, the Committee or the Board is satisfied that the
49
attendance of the child is not essential for the purpose of inquiry, the Committee or the Board, as the
case may be, shall dispense with the attendance of a child and limit the same for the purpose of
recording the statement and subsequently, the inquiry shall continue even in the absence of the child
concerned, unless ordered otherwise by the Committee or the Board.
2) Where the attendance of a child is required before the Board or the Committee, such child shall be
entitled to travel reimbursement for self and one escort accompanying the child as per actual
expenditure incurred, by the Board, or the Committee or the District Child Protection Unit, as the case
may be.
92. Placement of a child suffering from disease requiring prolonged medical treatment in an approved
place.—When a child, who has been brought before the Committee or the Board, is found to be suffering from
a disease requiring prolonged medical treatment or physical or mental complaint that will respond to
treatment, the Committee or the Board, as the case may be, may send the child to any place recognised as a
fit facility as prescribed for such period as it may think necessary for the required treatment.
93. Transfer of a child who is mentally ill or addicted to alcohol or other drugs.—
1) Where it appears to the Committee or the Board that any child kept in a special home or an
observation home or a Children’s Home or in an institution in pursuance of the provisions of this Act,
is a mentally ill person or addicted to alcohol or other drugs which lead to behavioural changes in a
person, the Committee or the Board, may order removal of such child to a psychiatric hospital or
psychiatric nursing home in accordance with the provisions of the Mental Health Act, 1987 (14 of 1987)
or the rules made thereunder.
2) In case the child had been removed to a psychiatric hospital or psychiatric nursing home under sub-
section (1), the Committee or the Board may, on the basis of the advice given in the certificate of
discharge of the psychiatric hospital or psychiatric nursing home, order to remove such child to an
Integrated Rehabilitation Centre for Addicts or similar centres maintained by the State Government
for mentally ill persons (including the persons addicted to any narcotic drug or psychotropic substance)
and such removal shall be only for the period required for the inpatient treatment of such child.
Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-section,—
a) “Integrated Rehabilitation Centre for Addicts” shall have the meaning assigned to it under the
scheme called “Central Sector Scheme of Assistance for Prevention of Alcoholism and
Substance (Drugs) Abuse and for Social Defence Services” framed by the Central Government
in the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment or any other corresponding scheme for the
time being in force;
b) “mentally ill person” shall have the same meaning assigned to it in clause (l) of section 2 of the
Mental Health Act, 1987 (14 of 1987);
c) “psychiatric hospital” or “psychiatric nursing home” shall have the same meaning assigned to
it in clause (q) of section 2 of the Mental Health Act, 1987 (14 of 1987).
94. Presumption and determination of age.—
1) Where, it is obvious to the Committee or the Board, based on the appearance of the person brought
50
before it under any of the provisions of this Act (other than for the purpose of giving evidence) that
the said person is a child, the Committee or the Board shall record such observation stating the age of
the child as nearly as may be and proceed with the inquiry under section 14 or section 36, as the case
may be, without waiting for further confirmation of the age.
2) In case, the Committee or the Board has reasonable grounds for doubt regarding whether the person
brought before it is a child or not, the Committee or the Board, as the case may be, shall undertake
the process of age determination, by seeking evidence by obtaining—
(i) the date of birth certificate from the school, or the matriculation or equivalent certificate from the
concerned examination Board, if available; and in the absence thereof;
(ii) the birth certificate given by a corporation or a municipal authority or a panchayat;
(iii) and only in the absence of (i) and (ii) above, age shall be determined by an ossification test or any
other latest medical age determination test conducted on the orders of the Committee or the Board:
Provided such age determination test conducted on the order of the Committee or the Board shall be
completed within fifteen days from the date of such order.
3) The age recorded by the Committee or the Board to be the age of person so brought before it shall,
for the purpose of this Act, be deemed to be the true age of that person.
95. Transfer of a child to place of residence.—
1) If during the inquiry it is found that a child hails from a place outside the jurisdiction, the Board or
Committee, as the case may be, shall, if satisfied after due inquiry that it is in the best interest of the
child and after due consultation with the Committee or the Board of the child’s home district, order
the transfer of the child, as soon as possible, to the said Committee or the Board, along with relevant
documents and following such procedure as may be prescribed:
Provided that such transfer can be made in case of a child in conflict with law, only after the inquiry has been
completed and final order passed by the Board:
Provided further that in case of inter-State transfer, the child shall be, if convenient, handed over to the
Committee or the Board, as the case may be, of the home district of the child, or to the Committee or the
Board in the capital city of the home State.
2) Once the decision to transfer is finalised, the Committee or Board, as the case may be, shall give an
escort order to the Special Juvenile Police Unit to escort the child, within fifteen days of receiving such
order:
Provided that a girl child shall be accompanied by a woman police officer:
Provided further that where a Special Juvenile Police Unit is not available, the Committee or Board, as the case
may be, shall direct the institution where the child is temporarily staying or District Child Protection Unit, to
provide an escort to accompany the child during travel.
3) The State Government shall make rules to provide for travelling allowance to the escorting staff for
the child, which shall be paid in advance.
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4) The Committee or the Board, as the case may be, receiving the transferred child will process for
restoration or rehabilitation or social re-integration, as provided in this Act.
96. Transfer of child between Children’s Homes, or special homes or fit facility or fit person in different parts
of India.—
1) The State Government may at any time, on the recommendation of a Committee or Board, as the case
may be, notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, and keeping the best interest of the child in
mind, order the child’s transfer from any Children’s Home or special home or fit facility or fit person,
to a home or facility, within the State with prior intimation to the concerned Committee or the Board:
Provided that for transfer of a child between similar home or facility or person within the same district, the
Committee or Board, as the case may be, of the said district shall be competent to issue such an order.
2) If transfer is being ordered by a State Government to an institution outside the State, this shall be done
only in consultation with the concerned State Government.
3) The total period of stay of the child in a Children’s Home or a special home shall not be increased by
such transfer.
4) Orders passed under sub-sections (1) and (2) shall be deemed to be operative for the Committee or
the Board, as the case may be, of the area to which the child is sent.
97. Release of a child from an institution.—
1) When a child is kept in a Children’s Home or special home, on a report of a probation officer or social
worker or of Government or a voluntary or non- governmental organisation, as the case may be, the
Committee or the Board may consider, the release of such child, either absolutely or on such conditions
as it may think fit to impose, permitting the child to live with parents or guardian or under the
supervision of any authorised person named in the order, willing to receive and take charge, educate
and train the child, for some useful trade or calling or to look after the child for rehabilitation:
Provided that if a child who has been released conditionally under this section, or the person under whose
supervision the child has been placed, fails to fulfil such conditions, the Board or Committee may, if necessary,
cause the child to be taken charge of and to be placed back in the concerned home.
2) If the child has been released on a temporary basis, the time during which the child is not present in
the concerned home in pursuance of the permission granted under sub-section (1) shall be deemed to
be part of the time for which the child is liable to be kept in the children or special home:
Provided that in case of a child in conflict with law fails to fulfil the conditions set by the Board as mentioned
in sub-section (1), the time for which he is still liable to be kept in the institution shall be extended by the Board
for a period equivalent to the time which lapses due to such failure.
98. Leave of absence to a child placed in an institution.—
1) The Committee or the Board, as the case may be, may permit leave of absence to any child, to allow
him, on special occasions like examination, marriage of relatives, death of kith or kin or accident or
serious illness of parent or any emergency of like nature, under supervision, for a period generally not
exceeding seven days in one instance, excluding the time taken in journey.
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2) The time during which a child is absent from an institution where he is placed, in pursuance of such
permission granted under this section, shall be deemed to be part of the time for which he is liable to
be kept in the Children’s Home or special home.
3) If a child refuses, or has failed to return to the Children’s Home or special home, as the case may be,
on the leave period being exhausted or permission being revoked or forfeited, the Board or Committee
may, if necessary, cause him to be taken charge of and to be taken back to the concerned home:
Provided that when a child in conflict with law has failed to return to the special home on the leave period
being exhausted or on permission being revoked or forfeited, the time for which he is still liable to be kept in
the institution shall be extended by the Board for a period equivalent to the time which lapses due to such
failure.
99. Reports to be treated as confidential.—
1) All reports related to the child and considered by the Committee or the Board shall be treated as
confidential:
Provided that the Committee or the Board, as the case may be, may, if it so thinks fit, communicate the
substance thereof to another Committee or Board or to the child or to the child’s parent or guardian, and may
give such Committee or the Board or the child or parent or guardian, an opportunity of producing evidence as
may be relevant to the matter stated in the report.
2) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the victim shall not be denied access to their case
record, orders and relevant papers.
100. Protection of action taken in good faith.—No suit, prosecution or other legal proceeding shall lie against
the Central Government, or the State Government or any person acting under the directions of the Central
Government or State Government, as the case may be, in respect of anything which is done in good faith or
intended to be done in pursuance of this Act or of any rules or regulations made thereunder.
101. Appeals.—
1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, any person aggrieved by an order made by the Committee or the
Board under this Act may, within thirty days from the date of such order, prefer an appeal to the
Children’s Court, except for decisions by the Committee related to Foster Care and Sponsorship After
Care for which the appeal shall lie with the District Magistrate:
Provided that the Court of Sessions, or the District Magistrate, as the case may be, may entertain the appeal
after the expiry of the said period of thirty days, if it is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient
cause from filing the appeal in time and such appeal shall be decided within a period of thirty days.
2) An appeal shall lie against an order of the Board passed after making the preliminary assessment into
a heinous offence under section 15 of the Act, before the Court of Sessions and the Court may, while
deciding the appeal, take the assistance of experienced psychologists and medical specialists other
than those whose assistance has been obtained by the Board in passing the order under the said
section.
3) No appeal shall lie from,—
a) any order of acquittal made by the Board in respect of a child alleged to have committed an
53
offence other than the heinous offence by a child who has completed or is above the age of
sixteen years; or
b) any order made by a Committee in respect of finding that a person is not a child in need of care
and protection.
4) No second appeal shall lie from any order of the Court of Session, passed in appeal under this section.
5) Any person aggrieved by an order of the Children’s Court may file an appeal before the High Court in
accordance with the procedure specified in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974).
6) Any person aggrieved by an adoption order passed by the District Magistrate may, within a period of
thirty days from the date of such order passed by the District Magistrate, file an appeal before the
Divisional Commissioner.
7) Every appeal filed under sub-section (6), shall be decided as expeditiously as possible and an endeavour
shall be made to dispose it within a period of four weeks from the date of filing of the appeal:
Provided that where there is no Divisional Commissioner, the State Government or Union territory
Administration, as the case may be, may, by notification, empower an officer equivalent to the rank of the
Divisional Commissioner to decide the appeal.
102. Revision.—The High Court may, at any time, either on its own motion or on an application received in this
behalf, call for the record of any proceeding in which any Committee or Board or Children’s Court, or Court has
passed an order, for the purpose of satisfying itself as to the legality or propriety of any such order and may
pass such order in relation thereto as it thinks fit:
Provided that the High Court shall not pass an order under this section prejudicial to any person without giving
him a reasonable opportunity of being heard.
103. Procedure in inquiries, appeals and revision proceedings.—
1) Save as otherwise expressly provided by this Act, a Committee or a Board while holding any inquiry
under any of the provisions of this Act, shall follow such procedure as may be prescribed and subject
thereto, shall follow, as far as may be, the procedure laid down in the Code of Criminal Procedure,
1973 (2 of 1974) for trial of summons cases.
2) Save as otherwise expressly provided by or under this Act, the procedure to be followed in hearing
appeals or revision proceedings under this Act shall be, as far as practicable, in accordance with the
provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974).
104. Power of the Committee or the Board to amend its own orders.—
1) Without prejudice to the provisions for appeal and revision contained in this Act, the Committee or
the Board may, on an application received in this behalf, amend any orders passed by itself, as to the
institution to which a child is to be sent or as to the person under whose care or supervision a child is
to be placed under this Act:
Provided that during the course of hearing for amending any such orders, there shall be at least two members
of the Board of which one shall be the Principal Magistrate and at least three members of the Committee and
all persons concerned, or their authorised representatives, whose views shall be heard by the Committee or
the Board, as the case may be, before the said orders are amended.
54
2) Clerical mistakes in orders passed by the Committee or the Board or errors arising therein from any
accidental slip or omission may, at any time, be corrected by the Committee or the Board, as the case
may be, either on its own motion or on an application received in this behalf.
105. Juvenile justice fund.—
1) The State Government may create a fund in such name as it thinks fit for the welfare and rehabilitation
of the children dealt with under this Act.
2) There shall be credited to the fund such voluntary donations, contributions or subscriptions as may be
made by any individual or organisation.
3) The fund created under sub-section (1) shall be administered by the Department of the State
Government implementing this Act in such manner and for such purposes as may be prescribed.
106. State Child Protection Society and District Child Protection Unit.—Every State Government shall
constitute a Child Protection Society for the State and Child Protection Unit for every District, consisting of such
officers and other employees as may be appointed by that Government, to take up matters relating to children
with a view to ensure the implementation of this Act, including the establishment and maintenance of
institutions under this Act, notification of competent authorities in relation to the children and their
rehabilitation and co-ordination with various official and non-official agencies concerned and to discharge such
other functions as may be prescribed.
107. Child Welfare Police Officer and Special Juvenile Police Unit.—
1) In every police station, at least one officer, not below the rank of assistant sub-inspector, with aptitude,
appropriate training and orientation may be designated as the child welfare police officer to exclusively
deal with children either as victims or perpetrators, in co-ordination with the police, voluntary and
non-governmental organisations.
2) To co-ordinate all functions of police related to children, the State Government shall constitute Special
Juvenile Police Units in each district and city, headed by a police officer not below the rank of a Deputy
Superintendent of Police or above and consisting of all police officers designated under sub- section
(1) and two social workers having experience of working in the field of child welfare, of whom one shall
be a woman.
3) All police officers of the Special Juvenile Police Units shall be provided special training, especially at
induction as child welfare police officer, to enable them to perform their functions more effectively.
4) Special Juvenile Police Unit also includes Railway police dealing with children.
108. Public awareness on provisions of Act.—The Central Government and every State Government, shall take
necessary measures to ensure that—
a) the provisions of this Act are given wide publicity through media including television, radio and print
media at regular intervals so as to make the general public, children and their parents or guardians
aware of such provisions;
b) the officers of the Central Government, State Government and other concerned, persons are imparted
periodic training on the matters relating to the implementation of the provisions of this Act.
109. Monitoring of implementation of Act.—
55
1) The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights constituted under section 3, or as the case may
be, the State Commission for Protection of Child Rights constituted under section 17 (herein referred
to as the National Commission or the State Commission, as the case may be), of the Commissions
for Protection of Child rights Act, 2005 (4 of 2006), shall, in addition to the functions assigned to
them under the said Act, also monitor the implementation of the provisions of this Act, in such manner,
as may be prescribed.
2) The National Commission or, as the case may be, the State Commission, shall, while inquiring into any
matter relating to any offence under this Act, have the same powers as are vested in the National
Commission or the State Commission under the Commissions for Protection of Child Rights Act, 2005
(4 of 2006).
3) The National Commission or, as the case may be, the State Commission, shall also include its activities
under this section, in the annual report referred to in section 16 of the Commissions for Protection of
Child Rights Act, 2005 (4 of 2006).
110. Power to make rules.—
1) The State Government shall, by notification in the Official Gazette, make rules to carry out the purposes
of this Act:
Provided that the Central Government may, frame model rules in respect of all or any of the matters with
respect to which the State Government is required to make rules and where any such model rules have been
framed in respect of any such matter, they shall apply to the State mutatis mutandis until the rules in respect
of that matter are made by the State Government and while making any such rules, they conform to such
model rules.
2) In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing powers, such rules may provide
for all or any of the following matters, namely:—
(i) manner of inquiry in case of a missing or run away child or whose parents cannot be found under
sub-clause (vii) of clause (14) of section 2;
(ii) responsibilities of the Child Welfare Officer attached to a Children’s Home under clause (17) of
section 2;
(iii) qualifications of the members of the Board under sub-section (2) of section 4;
(iv) induction training and sensitisation of all members of the Board under sub-section (5) of section 4;
(v) term of office of the members of the Board and the manner in which such member may resign
under sub-section (6) of section 4;
(vi) time of the meetings of the Board and the rules of procedure in regard to the transaction of
business at its meeting under sub-section (1) of section 7;
(vii) qualifications, experience and payment of fees of an interpreter or translator under clause (d) of
sub-section (3) of section 8;
(viii) any other function of the Board under clause (n) of sub-section (3) of section 8;
(xi) persons through whom any child alleged to be in conflict with law may be produced before the
Board and the manner in which such a child may be sent to an observation home or place of safety
56
under sub-section (2) of section 10;
(x) manner in which a person apprehended and not released on bail by the officer-in-charge of the
police station may be kept in an observation home until such person is brought before a Board under
sub-section (2) of section 12;
(xi) format for information on pendency in the Board to the Chief Judicial Magistrate or the Chief
Metropolitan Magistrate and District Magistrate on quarterly basis under sub-section (3) of section
16;
(xii) monitoring procedures and list of monitoring authorities under sub-section (2) of section 20;
(xiii) manner in which the relevant records of the child may be destroyed by the Board, police or the
court under sub-section (2) of section 24;
(xiv) qualifications of the members of the Child Welfare Committee under sub-section (5) of section
27;
(xiva) the form of report submitted to the District Magistrate under sub-section (8) of section 27;
(xv) rules and procedures with regard to transaction of business at the meetings of the Child Welfare
Committee under sub-section (1) of section 28;
(xvi) process of restoration of abandoned or lost children to their families under clause (x) of section
30;
(xvii) manner of submitting the report to the Committee and the manner of sending and entrusting
the child to Children’s Home or fit facility or fit person under sub-section (2) of section 31;
(xviii) manner of holding an inquiry by the Child Welfare Committee under sub-section (1) of section
36;
(xix) manner in which a child may be sent to a Specialised Adoption Agency if the child is below six
years of age, Children’s Home or to a fit facility or person or foster family, till suitable means of
rehabilitation are found for the child including manner in which situation of the child placed in a
Children’s Home or with a fit facility or person or foster family, may be reviewed by the Committee
under sub-section (3) of section 36;
(xx) manner in which a quarterly report may be submitted by the Committee to the District Magistrate
for review of pendency of cases under sub-section (4) of section 36;
(xxi) any other order related to any other function of the Committee under clause (iii) of sub-section
(2) of section 37;
(xxii) information to be given every month by the Committee to State Agency and Authority regarding
number of children declared legally free for adoption and number of cases pending under sub-section
(5) of section 38;
(xxiia) the form of quarterly report regarding restored, dead and runaway children under sub-section
(4) of section 40;
(xxiii) manner in which all institutions under this Act shall be registered under sub-section (1) of section
41;
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(xxiv) procedure for cancelling or withholding registration of an institution that fails to provide
rehabilitation and re-integration services under sub-section (7) of section 41;
(xxv) manner in which information shall be sent every month by the open shelter to the District Child
Protection Unit and Committee under sub-section (3) of section 43;
(xxvi) procedure for placing children in foster care including group foster care under sub-section (1)
of section 44;
(xxvii) procedure for inspection of children in foster care under sub-section (4) of section 44;
(xxviii) manner in which foster family shall provide education, health and nutrition to the child under
sub-section (6) of section 44;
(xxix) procedure and criteria in which foster care services shall be provided to children under sub-
section (7) of section 44;
(xxx) format for inspection of foster families by the Committee to check the well being of children
under sub-section (8) of section 44;
(xxxi) purpose of undertaking various programmes of sponsorship of children, such as individual to
individual sponsorship, group sponsorship or community sponsorship under sub-section (1) of section
45;
(xxxii) duration of sponsorship under sub-section (3) of section 45;
(xxxiii) manner of providing financial support to any child leaving institutional care on completing
eighteen years of age under section 46;
(xxxiv) management and monitoring of observation homes, including the standards and various types
of services to be provided by them for rehabilitation and social integration of a child alleged to be in
conflict with law and the circumstances under which, and the manner in which, the registration of an
observation home may be granted or withdrawn under sub-section (3) of section 47;
(xxxv) management and monitoring of special homes including the standards and various types of
services to be provided to them under sub-section (2) and sub-section (3) of section 48;
(xxxvi) monitoring and management of children’s homes including the standards and the nature of
services to be provided by them, based on individual care plans for each child under sub-section (3) of
section 50;
(xxxvii) manner in which a Board or the Committee shall recognise, a facility being run by a
Governmental organisation or a voluntary or non-governmental organisation registered under any law
for the time being in force, fit to temporarily take the responsibility of a child for a specific purpose
after due inquiry regarding the suitability of the facility and the organisation to take care of the child
under sub-section (1) of section 51;
(xxxviii) procedure of verification of credentials, for recognising any person fit to temporarily receive a
child for care, protection and treatment of such child for a specified period by the Board or the
Committee under sub-section (1) of section 52;
(xxxix) manner in which services shall be provided by an institution under this Act for rehabilitation
and re-integration of children and standards for basic requirements such as food, shelter, clothing and
58
medical attention under sub-section (1) of section 53;
(xl) manner in which Management Committee shall be set up by each institution for management of
the institution and monitoring of the progress of every child under sub-section (2) of section 53;
(xli) activities that may be taken up by children’s committees under sub-section (3) of section 53;
(xlii) appointment of inspection committees for all institutions registered or recognised fit, for the
State and district under sub-section (1) of section 54;
(xliii) manner in which Central Government or State Government may independently evaluate the
functioning of the Board, Committee, special juvenile police units, registered institutions, or
recognised fit facilities and persons, including the period and through persons or institutions under
sub-section (1) of section 55;
(xliv) manner in which institutions shall furnish details of children declared legally free for adoption to
the Specialised Adoption Agency under sub-section (2) of section 66;
(xlv) any other function of the Authority under clause (e) of section 68;
(xlvi) criteria for the selection or nomination of the Members of the Steering Committee of the
Authority and their tenure as well as the terms and conditions of their appointment under sub-section
(2) of section 69;
(xlvii) manner in which Steering Committee of the Authority shall meet under sub-section (4) of section
69;
(xlviii) manner in which the Authority shall submit an annual report to the Central Government under
sub-section (1) of section 71;
(xlix) functions of the Authority under sub-section (2) of section 72;
(l) manner in which the Authority shall maintain proper accounts and other relevant records and
prepare an annual statement of accounts under sub-section (1) of section 73;
(li) period that the Committee or Board may think necessary for the treatment of children who are
found to be suffering from a disease requiring prolonged medical treatment or physical or mental
complaint that will respond to treatment to a fit facility under section 92;
(lii) procedure for transfer of child under sub-section (1) of section 95;
(liii) provision for travelling allowance to the escorting staff for the child under sub-section (3) of
section 95;
(liv) procedure to be followed by the Committee or a Board while holding any inquiry, appeal or
revision under sub-section (1) of section 103;
(lv) manner in which juvenile justice fund shall be administered under sub-section (3) of section 105;
(lvi) functioning of the Child Protection Society for the State and Child Protection Units for every district
under section 106;
(lvii) to enable the National Commission, or as the case may be, the State Commission to monitor
implementation of the provisions of this Act under sub-section (1) of section 109;
(lviii) any other matter which is required to be, or may be, prescribed.
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3) Every rule and every regulation made under this Act shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made,
before each House of Parliament, while it is in session, for a total period of thirty days which may be
comprised in one session or in two or more successive sessions, and if, before the expiry of the session
immediately following the session or the successive sessions aforesaid, both Houses agree in making
any modification in the rule or regulation or both Houses agree that the rule or regulation should not
be made, the rule or regulation shall thereafter have effect only in such modified form or be of no
effect, as the case may be; so, however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without
prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that rule or regulation.
4) Every rule made by the State Government under this Act shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is
made, before the State Legislature.
111. Repeal and savings.—
1) The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 (56 of 2000) is hereby repealed.
2) Notwithstanding such repeal, anything done or any action taken under the said Acts shall be deemed
to have been done or taken under the corresponding provisions of this Act.
112. Power to remove difficulties.—
1) If any difficulty arises in giving effect to the provisions of this Act, the Central Government may, by
order, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, remove the difficulty:
Provided that no such order shall be made after the expiry of the period of two years from the commencement
of this Act.
2) However, order made under this section shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each
House of Parliament.
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