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Ourphilosophicalheritage 220608080848 1479d3a5
Ourphilosophicalheritage 220608080848 1479d3a5
Philosophical
Heritage:
Philosophies
of Education
The Existential Question
SEVEN PHILOSOPHIES OF EDUCATION
ESSENTIALISM An American philosophy of
education which began in the
1930’s and 1940’s
Introduced by American
philosopher William Bagley
Originated from the philosophies
of idealism and realism
Essentialists believe in teaching
the basic subjects.
Objective of Essentialism
MATH
NATURAL SCIENCE
HISTORY
FOREIGN
LANGUAGE LITERATURE
Stresses the value of hard work, perseverance, discipline, and
respect to authorities to students.
Students should be taught to think logically and systematically –
grasping not the parts but the whole (entirety)
Methods of teaching centers on giving regular
Assignments
Drills
Recitation
Students should not just be taught for a test, they should be taught to handle
themselves in the real world.
Curriculum
The progressivists are identified with need based and relevant curriculum.
This is a curriculum that responds to students’ needs and that relates to
students’ personal lives and experiences.
Progressivists accept the impermanence of life and the inevitability of change. For
the progressivists, everything else changes.
Progressivist teachers are more concerned with teaching the learners the skills to
cope with change.
Instead of occupying themselves with teaching facts or bits of information that are true
today but become obsolete tomorrow, they would rather focus their teaching on the
teaching of skills or processes in gathering and evaluating information and in problem-
solving.
Teachers expose students to many new scientific, technological and social
developments, reflecting the progressivist notion that progress and change are
fundamental.
Teaching Strategies
Progressivist teachers employ experiential methods.
one learns by doing.
To teach students to think rationally and develop minds that can think
critically.
• Teacher should make the classroom a place for the interplay of minds
and hearts. The teacher facilitates dialogue among learners and
between him students because in the exchange of words, there is
also an exchange of ideas.
A philosophy of learning which
CONSTRUCTIVISM asserts that reality does not
exist outside of human
conceptions. It is the individual
that construct reality by
reflecting on is own experience
and gives meaning to it.
Learning is the process of
adjusting one’s mental modes to
accommodate new experience.
Objective of Constructivism
Notes : Philosophy is your attitude, viewpoint, thinking, way of life, values or beliefs.
Linguistics is the study of language and how language works. Heritage is something
that you inherit.