Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Emerg Response
Emerg Response
Response
Planning Guide
(Revised)
911
EMERGENCY INFORMATION
Ambulance
Fire
Police
Doctor
Published 2020
P02-3E
ISBN 0-660-18910-0
DSS Catalogue Number CC273-2/02-3E
Name________________________________________
Company_____________________________________
Position______________________________________
Address______________________________________
Phone_______________________________________
Doctor_______________________________________
Phone_______________________________________
Allergies______________________________________
Medical Conditions_______________________________
________________________________________
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________________________________________
Name________________________________________
Relation______________________________________
Address______________________________________
Phone_______________________________________
ii
Objectives
This booklet serves as a guide for developing a comprehensive
emergency response plan. It will help you to:
Target Audience
This guide is written for anyone who wants to implement
an emergency response plan and manage comprehensive
prevention programs within the organization.
Scope
This guide provides basic information to assist in the
development of workplace emergency preparedness and
response programs. All organizations should have an
emergency response program in place. Customers and
stakeholders expect it as an indication of reliable business
operation. The content is presented by program components
that apply to a wide range of business sectors.
Summary
This guide outlines ways of developing and implementing an
emergency response plan. To be able to deal with emergencies
when they occur, it is important that you develop and
implement a plan in advance.
iv
The plan outlines actions that employers and employees
must take in the event of an emergency situation to ensure
employee safety and to minimize property damage.
v
NOTES
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Table of Contents
Target Audience..........................................................................................................................iii
Scope...................................................................................................................................................iv
Summary..........................................................................................................................................iv
Section I
Emergency Response Overview...............................................1
1. Emergency Situations............................................................ 2
Definition...........................................................................................................................................2
Types of Emergencies.............................................................................................................2
Emergencies May Have Severe Consequences................................................3
2. Emergency Response Plan................................................... 4
Definition...........................................................................................................................................4
3. Cornerstones of an Emergency Plan.................................. 5
Prevention........................................................................................................................................5
Preparedness.................................................................................................................................5
Response...........................................................................................................................................6
Recovery............................................................................................................................................6
4. Developing the Plan................................................................7
Step 1: Establish the Planning Team.............................................................................7
Step 2: Assess the Risks and Company Capabilities......................................7
Step 3: Develop the Plan.......................................................................................................8
Step 4: Implement the Plan................................................................................................9
Step 5: Evaluate Effectiveness of the Plan............................................................ 11
Step 6: Improve the Plan Continuously.................................................................. 12
Section II
Establishing the Planning Team..............................................13
1. Creating the Planning Team................................................14
Team Members...........................................................................................................................14
Management Commitment...............................................................................................14
2. Establishing an Emergency Response Policy.................16
Communicate the Policy.....................................................................................................16
vii
Section III
Assessing Risk and Capability................................................19
1. Performing Hazard Analysis...............................................20
Define Standards of Safe Conditions.......................................................................23
Review Basic Data..................................................................................................................24
Identify the Hazards..............................................................................................................24
Determine the Worst-Case Scenario.......................................................................25
Assess the Risk..........................................................................................................................26
Identify Preventive Measures........................................................................................26
2. Assessing Company Capabilities.......................................31
Resources.......................................................................................................................................31
Supplies and Equipment...................................................................................................32
Facilities and Equipment Lists......................................................................................33
Equipment Inspection..........................................................................................................34
Protection of Records...........................................................................................................36
Mutual Aid...................................................................................................................................... 37
Section IV
Developing the Emergency Response Plan.........................41
1. Objectives...............................................................................42
2. Response Organization........................................................42
Management of an Emergency....................................................................................42
Emergency Response Functions................................................................................43
Job Descriptions........................................................................................................................43
3. Alarm Activation....................................................................52
Internal Alarm.............................................................................................................................52
External Alarm............................................................................................................................52
Backup alarms...........................................................................................................................52
Off-site Alarms............................................................................................................................53
4. Reporting................................................................................53
Triage Questions.......................................................................................................................54
5. Resource Mobilization.........................................................54
Resource Consideration.....................................................................................................55
6. Response Procedures..........................................................56
Developing Response Procedures............................................................................ 57
Response to Specific Scenarios..................................................................................59
viii
Responding to Spills.............................................................................................................62
Responding to Injury and Illness................................................................................64
Responding to Storms.........................................................................................................65
Emergency Preparedness................................................................................................. 71
Bomb Threats...............................................................................................................................73
Emergency Evacuation Procedures..........................................................................77
Administrative Tips for Workplace Evacuation.................................................77
Responding to Workplace Violence......................................................................... 78
Responding to Power Failure......................................................................................... 79
Responding to Sabotage...................................................................................................80
Emergency Shutdown Procedures...........................................................................82
Important Considerations in Developing Emergency Evacuation
Procedures............................................................................................................................83
Providing Victim Support..................................................................................................84
Responding to Civil Demonstration..........................................................................86
7. Crisis Management................................................................88
Notification....................................................................................................................................88
Reporting........................................................................................................................................89
Emergency Operations Centre......................................................................................89
Safety and Security of Employees.............................................................................90
Communication..........................................................................................................................91
Communication with the general public...............................................................91
8. Developing a Media Plan.....................................................94
Preplanned Messages.........................................................................................................94
9. Business Recovery Plans....................................................96
Business Resumption..........................................................................................................96
Business Impact Analysis.................................................................................................98
Incident Investigations......................................................................................................100
Damage Assessments........................................................................................................101
10. Cleanup and Restoration Plans.......................................102
Claims Procedures................................................................................................................103
ix
Section V
Plan Implementation.............................................................. 105
1. Personnel Training............................................................... 106
2. Drills and Exercises............................................................. 108
Full-Scale Exercise................................................................................................................109
Functional Drills.......................................................................................................................110
Tabletop Exercises.................................................................................................................110
Drill Preparation.........................................................................................................................111
Scenario Planning....................................................................................................................111
Drill Notification........................................................................................................................112
After the Drill................................................................................................................................112
3. Evaluating Exercise Effectiveness....................................112
Post-exercise evaluation...................................................................................................112
Section VI
Continuous Improvement........................................................117
1. Incident Follow-up................................................................ 118
2. Tips for Continuous Improvement................................... 119
Section VII
Standards & Resources..........................................................123
1. Key References for Additional Information.....................124
Canada............................................................................................................................................124
United States..............................................................................................................................124
Emergency Response Planning Resources.....................................................125
2. Fire Code Inspection Requirements................................125
3. Emergency Response Organizations..............................137
Additional Resources
from CCOHS ........................................................................... 141
x
Section I
Emergency Response
Overview
1. Emergency Situations
2. Emergency Response Plan
3. Cornerstones of an Emergency Plan
4. Steps to Develop a Plan
1. Emergency Situations
Definition
An emergency is any situation or occurrence of a serious
nature, developing suddenly and unexpectedly, and
demanding immediate action.
Types of Emergencies
Typical emergencies
• Fires
• Spills
• Critical injuries
• Explosions
• Heart attacks and strokes
• Transportation incidents
• Power or fuel loss
• Workplace violence
• Bomb threats
Natural disasters
• Ice storms and snow
• Tornadoes and severe storms (high rain or winds)
• Floods
• Earthquake
2
Business emergencies
• Critical data loss
• Critical supply shutdown
3
2. Emergency Response Plan
Definition
An integrated set of policies and procedures that allows you to
prepare for, respond to and recover from emergency incidents.
EXAMPLE
Smaller organizations will depend on the local/municipal
fire department to handle fires. A large firm could have
fire response personnel capable of responding until
the fire department arrives.
Summary
Be prepared in advance to:
• protect employees and others;
• protect property; and
• protect the environment.
4
3. Cornerstones of an Emergency Plan
Prevention
Prevention policies and procedures help to ensure that the
risk of occurrence of emergencies is either eliminated or
minimized.
Preparedness
Preparedness policies and procedures ensure that we are
prepared to effectively respond to an emergency.
Examples include:
• identifying resources and capabilities;
• documenting equipment lists;
• identifying special needs;
• providing personnel training;
• conducting drills and exercises; and
• ensuring mutual aid arrangements with other
organizations.
5
Response
Response procedures, checklists and other resources are used
during an incident response.
Examples include:
• notification procedures;
• fire procedures
• evacuation procedures – ensuring safety of occupants.
Recovery
Recovery policies and procedures allow the organization
to recover quickly and be back in operation with as little
disruption as possible.
6
4. Developing the Plan
There are six key steps to developing an emergency plan:
7
Step 3: Develop the Plan
Set a clear objective in order to maintain focus
Building an effective emergency response plan can be a
significant undertaking. Prioritize your efforts. Use a step-by-
step approach to develop the plan.
8
BALANCE is KEY. A small response group may be
overwhelmed and effective control of the situation quickly
lost. A very large group may be difficult to coordinate. Use
your practice drills to determine an appropriate number of
employees needed in the response group.
Response Plans
Detailed response plans for each likely event. For example, a
fire response plan details exactly who does what, when and
how.
9
Write the plan
ORGANIZE gathered information.
WRITE a concise and logical single document.
DESIGNATE only one or two people to write the plan. This will
ensure consistency.
REVIEW the plan to ensure clarity and understanding.
DIAL every telephone number and verify proper contact.
ENSURE approval of plan by senior management.
Make sure that the layout of your chart is clear. A chart with
too many boxes and lines will be confusing!
10
Key elements for success
COMMUNICATE the plan to all persons within the facility.
COMMUNICATE the plan to all neighbouring organizations,
and other external parties affected (minimum is fire
department).
TRAIN all persons who play a role in the emergency response
plan.
CONDUCT a drill.
IDENTIFY issues that may have been missed.
CORRECT deficiencies immediately and update the plan.
COMMUNICATE the final plan to all employees.
EMERGENCY
PLAN
12
Section II
Management Commitment
Management support is the key to the success of the
development and implementation of an emergency response
plan. The following are examples of management actions to
demonstrate commitment to the plan:
14
DEVELOP a clear policy for emergency response planning.
ISSUE a mission statement to demonstrate the company’s
commitment to the emergency response policy.
The mission statement should:
• DEFINE the purpose of the plan and indicate that it will
involve the entire organization.
• DEFINE the authority and structure of the planning team.
SAMPLE
ABC COMPANY
[Date]
To All Employees:
At ABC Company, the safety and health of our employees comes
first. Management is committed to doing everything possible to
prevent injuries and to maintain a healthy environment.
To this end:
1. All supervisors are responsible for ensuring that their
employees are trained in approved work procedures to
obtain optimal output without incidents and injuries and
to ensure that employees follow safe work methods and
all related regulations.
2. All personnel are required to support the Emergency
Response Policy.
3. All personnel will be held accountable for implementing
this program.
4. All relevant laws and regulations are incorporated in our
program as minimum standards.
5. All employees are responsible for working safely and
for following the company’s safety rules. Contact your
supervisor, health and safety committee member or
human resources department for further information.
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NOTES
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Section III
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The following steps can be used to get you started:
• Draw a simple block diagram representing your facility.
• Draw arrows representing products and processes
used, goods produced and wastes to be disposed of.
21
SAMPLE
Facility Diagram Checklist
Item Yes No
Hazardous product storage areas ❏ ❏
Building exits and entrances ❏ ❏
Fuel storage, transfer and control points ❏ ❏
Important indoor fixtures, features, equipment ❏ ❏
Outdoor hazardous areas ❏ ❏
Water supplies like wells, shut-off valves ❏ ❏
Sprinkler systems, risers, pumps, valves, etc. ❏ ❏
Location of onsite Fire Department connections ❏ ❏
Location of emergency lights ❏ ❏
Location of first aid supplies ❏ ❏
Location of fire extinguishers ❏ ❏
Location of spill cleanup kits & materials ❏ ❏
Location of alarm activators, panels, etc. ❏ ❏
Location of emergency operations centre ❏ ❏
Utility shut-off valves ❏ ❏
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SAMPLE
Site Diagram Checklist
Item Yes No
Distances to water sources ❏ ❏
Direction of water flow off site ❏ ❏
Location of closest offsite fire hydrants ❏ ❏
Location of roadways and railways ❏ ❏
Location(s) of industrial neighbours ❏ ❏
Location(s) of residential neighbours ❏ ❏
Location of schools, hospitals, nursing homes ❏ ❏
Utility shut-off valves ❏ ❏
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Review Basic Data
A review of basic data may include:
• technical information appropriate to the process under
consideration;
• off-site backups
• inventory of chemicals;
• Safety Data Sheets;
• equipment manuals;
• industry specific injury data;
• company specific injury data;
• number of employees and contractors entering the
facility;
• diagrams of site and facility;
• environmental issues in the neighborhood; and
• numbers of neighboring facilities and location.
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Risk Assessment Form
Step 3: Risk Control
The objective of control is to eliminate or reduce the risk.
Hierarchy of Control
Option 1 Eliminate the risk
(Best Option)
Immediate: _____________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
Later: ________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
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Risk Assessment Form
Step 4: Risk Management Review
Processes need to be reviewed to ensure that the controls remain
effective. Any intended change to the process must be reviewed
for risk and the appropriate controls included in the change
project.
Notes ________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
Signature: _____________________________________
29
SAMPLE
PRIORITY SETTING
Type of Internal External
Risk Priority
Emergency Resources Resources
(a) Rank
Event (b) (c)
Weak Strong
High Low Resource Resource
5 1 5 1
The higher the score, the greater the priority for corrective
action and emergency response plans.
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2. Assessing Company Capabilities
Resources
While your risk assessment identifies the severity of a possible
emergency, the capability assessment determines where
the resources to manage an event will come from and what
capabilities exist.
Resources include:
• facilities;
• equipment;
• supplies;
• staff expertise;
• personnel employee experience; and
• level of training.
31
Supplies and Equipment
The emergency plan should include procedures for controlling
and maintaining emergency supplies and equipment.
32
Facilities and Equipment Lists
The lists should contain, at minimum, the following details:
• facility description including the Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) code;
• number of employees;
• operating hours;
• site diagram(s);
• location of Emergency Operations Centre (primary and
alternate);
• building(s) description including occupancy
classification;
• access routes and doors for emergency responder
access;
• description of fire alarm system;
• description of emergency lighting system (locations
marked on site diagram);
• description of sprinkler systems including fire
department connections, control valve(s), riser(s) and
water line locations (indicated on site diagram);
• description of fire extinguishers used (mark on site
diagram);
• description of standpipe and hose system (mark on site
diagram);
• main natural gas shut-off valve (mark on site diagram);
• main power shut-off switch (mark on site diagram);
• description of hazardous product containment features;
• description and location of spill kits; and
• description of security systems employed at the facility.
33
All emergency equipment and supplies must be:
• inspected and maintained in accordance with standards
of the manufacturer or as required by regulations;
• easily accessed by all emergency personnel;
• adequately secured against unauthorized access; and
• kept separate from normal operating inventories.
Equipment Inspection
In your plan, include procedures for inspecting and/or testing
critical equipment, or their components, on a regular basis.
34
Examples of critical equipment or components to be inspected
include:
• transfer piping systems;
• pumps, valves, fittings, and hoses;
• tanks and containers;
• emergency lighting;
• eyewash and emergency showers;
• electrical distribution systems and equipment;
• fire suppression systems and equipment; and
• detection and alarm systems.
SAMPLE
Fire Systems Inspection Requirements
Equipment Code* Inspection Frequency
Fire doors NFC Monthly
Fire Extinguishers NFC Monthly, Annually*
Sprinkler Systems Weekly, Monthly,
NFC and NFPA
Annually*
Hydrants and Hoses NFC Monthly, Annually*
Emergency Lighting NFC Monthly, Annually*
Alarms NFC Daily, Monthly
* Annual inspections are done by a qualified authorized person(s)
35
Protection of Records
Vital records
A small fire or minor emergency could have disastrous effects
if records for the business are lost.
36
Mutual Aid
Collaboration with other nearby organizations maximizes
protection while minimizing cost. Through mutual aid, parties
agree to share emergency resources such as:
Equipment – self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA),
protective suits, pumps, hoses, handling equipment, etc.
Information – usually expertise in hazardous products.
Personnel – usually trained fire fighters or spill response
personnel.
Facilities – to provide shelter for evacuated employees or to
use communications equipment.
37
The following questions, while not exhaustive, will be useful in
your assessment of company capabilities.
SAMPLE
Capability Assessment Checklist
Yes No
38
Capability Assessment Checklist
Yes No
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NOTES
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Section IV
2. Response Organization
Management of an Emergency
It is important to develop an organized approach to manage
the overall plan. Use the Emergency Planning Responsibility
Checklist (on the following page) to help determine
responsibilities within your organization.
42
Emergency Response Functions
There are three distinct functions in the management of an
emergency response:
1. The administration function to manage the response
plan;
2. The operations function to control the incident; and
3. The recovery function to resume the operation to
normal.
Job Descriptions
Develop a job description for each member of the response
team.
• Are the duties and responsibilities of each position
reasonable?
• Can the duties be performed under emergency
conditions?
43
SAMPLE
Emergency Planning Responsibilities
Task Person(s)
Responsible
Plan administration
Develop the emergency response policy and
organization
Develop safe response procedures
Take action on recommendations for improvement
Specific response functions (fire, spill, evacuation,
etc.)
Provide emergency response training and education
Provide hazard information in an emergency
Purchase response equipment and supplies
Provide first aid
Plan fire and spill protection measures and evacu-
ation plans
Prepare records, statistics and reports
Conduct incident investigations
Plan and conduct emergency response audits
Inspect and test emergency response equipment,
emergency lights, fire extinguishers, sprinklers, etc.
Conduct emergency drills and exercises
Conduct risk assessment of business activities
Conduct media relations activities
Emergency shutdown of facility
Ensure site security during and after an emergency
Manage recovery operations
44
Emergency Manager (Sample Job Description)
The Emergency Manager is responsible for the overall
response to an emergency and recovery operations following
an incident.
45
MAINTAIN communication with Site Coordinator, resource
personnel, regulatory agencies and head office.
IDENTIFY needs for assistance, support services and other
resources.
RECORD arrival times of personnel, equipment and resources.
KEEP a log of all communications and decisions made.
DETERMINE event termination.
ESTABLISH and CONDUCT debriefing meetings.
46
SAMPLE
INCIDENT REPORT FORM
DETAILS
Date of Incident Time of Incident
Reported by Phone Number
Witnesses Phone Number
47
PROVIDE liaison with other first responders such as fire,
police, ambulance and other contract resources.
MAINTAIN contact with the Emergency Manager.
ENSURE adequate decontamination procedures for personnel
and equipment.
MAINTAIN records of the event and actions taken.
48
Response Leader (Sample Job Description)
A Response Leader acts as a supervisor of the response crew.
The leader must have the knowledge, experience and training
to be in charge of personnel, equipment and procedures. There
may be one response team or several, depending on your
specific situation.
49
During an emergency the Response Leader will:
50
ENSURE that information to be distributed is verified and
approved by the Emergency Manager.
ENSURE that information is properly distributed.
ENSURE that all media calls are logged and records of
interviews are kept.
51
3. Alarm Activation
Internal Alarm
Your worksite’s internal alarm system is used to initiate a
response by internal teams and to alert all employees to the
emergency.
For example, in case of fire:
PULL alarm.
CALL 911 or emergency contact number in your organization.
External Alarm
This is used to summon assistance from appropriate responder
agencies. Any alarm system used to activate an external
response resource, such as a fire alarm, must be confirmed by
telephone as soon as possible.
Backup alarms
It is very possible that the emergency event itself has rendered
your alarm system and your telephone system inoperative. This
is why it is necessary to have several backup alarm systems.
For example, in case of fire:
USE cellular phone if phones do not work – your plan should
state exactly where the cell phone is located.
SEND runner to fire department if cellular phone does not
operate, or use closest public phone.
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Off-site Alarms
For transportation incidents and other off-site emergencies,
call for emergency assistance.
Include the following options in your plan:
4. Reporting
In most areas, emergency services are contacted by
telephone with a 911 call. The number to be used in contacting
emergency services should be posted at every telephone
station. If the facility’s telephone system uses special codes
for access to outside lines, ensure that the posted number
includes this special code (for example 9-911).
53
DIAL 911.
REQUEST police, fire or ambulance.
REMAIN calm.
STATE location and address clearly.
STATE situation clearly.
ANSWER operators’ questions.
REMAIN on line if safe to do so.
DO NOT DELAY contact of services.
DO NOT INTERRUPT operator.
DO NOT MISINFORM.
Triage Questions
An emergency operator will ask standard triage questions. A
delay in providing answers may affect ambulance response
time.
The operator might ask the following:
• A brief description of the person’s condition (heart
attack, cut(s), crushed or broken bones, burns, etc.).
• Is the person breathing?
• Is the person conscious?
• Is there a substantial loss of blood?
5. Resource Mobilization
Following an initial assessment by response personnel, the
necessary resources must be assembled in an orderly and
coordinated manner.
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The risk assessment performed earlier will help to define
what external and internal resources, both personnel and
equipment, might be needed to deal with worst-case
scenarios.
Resource Consideration
For every worst-case scenario, be sure to consider:
• locations and quantities of equipment;
• alternative energy supplies (electricity, fuel, heat, etc.);
• food, clothing, and shelter (for responders, employees
and displaced neighbours);
• maps and drawings;
• routine maintenance to ensure resource readiness; and
• verification of response capabilities of all responding
organizations.
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6. Response Procedures
The following table lists the type of workplace information you
must have available to plan an effective response.
SAMPLE
CHECKLIST for Gathering Workplace Information
Building related
❏ Construction ❏ Window type
❏ Fire Protection ❏ Gas shutoff
❏ Floor plans ❏ Exit locations
❏ Electrical shutoff ❏ Drain locations
❏ Security system ❏ Floor construction
❏ Size ❏ Door locations
❏ Roof construction
Site related
❏ Hydrants ❏ Fencing & gates
❏ Access routes ❏ Distance to water
❏ Backup water ❏ Drain locations
Surroundings
❏ Slope of land ❏ Exposed water
❏ Sensitive areas ❏ Potential for soil absorption
❏ Water contamination ❏ Areas for diking
❏ Runoff direction ❏ Prevailing winds
Hazardous products
❏ List of products ❏ Packaging types
❏ Flammability ❏ Toxicity
❏ Storage location ❏ Storage quantities
❏ Reactivity to water
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Developing Response Procedures
When developing your specific response plans:
57
SAMPLE
Response Procedures
Response Procedure:
Action Required:
Person(s) Responsible:
Location:
Method:
Degree of Priority:
Response Procedure:
Action Required:
Person(s) Responsible:
Location:
Method:
Degree of Priority:
Response Procedure:
Action Required:
Person(s) Responsible:
Location:
Method:
Degree of Priority:
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Response to Specific Scenarios
Fire / Explosion
Fire is the most common emergency situation in the
workplace. Proper building design and safe work practices
minimize the chances of fire. An emergency response plan
helps eliminate or minimize the loss in case a fire does occur.
The appropriate response depends on the internal and external
resources (such as Fire Department) available.
Small fires can be put out with portable fire extinguishers.
The type of extinguisher to use depends on the type of fire.
The following chart shows types of fires and extinguishers.
Type A-B;
Gasoline, paints,
Type B-C;
oils, grease
Type A-B-C
Metals,
Magnesium,
Bucket of Sand
Sodium, Lithium,
dusts or ribbon
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Halotron I extinguishers, like carbon dioxide units, are for
use on class B and C fires. Halotron leaves no residue
and is non-conducting. These properties make it ideal
for computer rooms, clean rooms, telecommunications
equipment, and electronics.
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Responding to Spills
Minimize the environmental, safety, and health, hazards due to
spills of hazardous materials. Only properly trained personnel
should be allowed to clean up spills of hazardous products. If
trained personnel are not available, outside resources must be
used.
Small spills
EVACUATE the area.
REPORT the spill to personnel trained in toxic spill clean-up
procedures.
ELIMINATE the source of the spill by closing valves, turning
over leaking containers, etc.
PREVENT the spill from entering any sanitary or storm water
drainage system.
CLEAN up spill using equipment and principles addressed in
training (consult SDS).
CLEAN all equipment and floors.
LABEL all waste.
Large spills
EVACUATE employees to a safe area.
PROVIDE first aid/medical help to exposed employees.
BLOCK storm sewer(s).
62
SHUT DOWN general ventilation systems if the spill occurs
indoors.
REPORT the spill to person(s) trained in spill management.
CONTAIN the extent of the spill. Containment is always the first
priority, unless there are injuries.
IMPLEMENT spill control measures as established by your
organization.
Safety measures in case of a spill:
COVER your mouth and nose with a damp cloth.
TURN OFF heating, air conditioning and fans.
STAY as far from the emergency site as possible.
KEEP your body fully covered.
PREPARE for possible evacuation.
CLOSE all exterior and interior doors and windows.
DO NOT EAT or DRINK anything uncovered.
Evacuation
If the spill is a threat to safety, evacuate the immediate area.
If the spill is large and a threat to building occupants, order the
evacuation of the building.
Notification
Notify all agencies, such as the Environment Authority, Labour
Authority, Police, Medical Officer, etc. The authority involved
depends on the specific circumstances of the emergency.
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Transportation of Dangerous Goods Reporting
Spills involving dangerous goods must be reported to the
Police. A list of other Emergency Response Organizations can
be found on page 147.
Procedures
PROVIDE first aid.
SECURE professional medical attention as quickly as possible.
First-aid person
A first-aid person must:
• have current first-aid qualifications;
• provide emergency assistance;
• direct others to assist;
• arrange transportation; and
• arrange medical intervention.
Reports
A team member should be assigned responsibility for the
completion of appropriate reports such as internal company
reports, and reports required by the Compensation Board,
Ministry of Labour, etc.
64
Critical injury or fatality
NOTIFY immediately:
• senior management;
• regulatory authority; and
• legal resources.
Responding to Storms
The Emergency Response Team should maintain a state of
readiness to respond in case of a storm to ensure the safety of
employees and the security of facilities.
66
AVOID the following:
• top floors of buildings;
• areas with glass windows or doors;
• auditoriums, gymnasiums, cafeterias or other areas with
large, free-span roofs; and
• automobiles.
KEEP the following items with you:
• flashlight;
• radio; and
• portable or cellular telephone.
LISTEN for radio reports.
67
• ice storms;
• white-outs; and
• electric power failures.
The following tips will help you prepare for such conditions:
KEEP adequate supply of food in case it is not safe to go out
or businesses are closed.
WATCH for severe weather warnings in your area.
REMAIN indoors during severe weather conditions.
DRESS warmly if you must go out.
KEEP a winter storm kit in your vehicle. Typical winter kit
supplies include:
• shovel;
• sand;
• tow-chain;
• flashlight;
• warning light or flares;
• extra clothing, warm blankets and footwear;
• emergency food;
• matches;
• maps;
• candle (in a deep can); and
• de-icing material for fuel line and windshield.
68
If you are stuck on the road:
STAY inside your vehicle.
AVOID overexertion and exposure to cold. Shoveling snow in
bitter cold is hazardous.
ALLOW some fresh air in the vehicle.
ENSURE that exhaust fumes do not enter the vehicle.
EXERCISE your limbs, hands and feet vigorously and do not
fall asleep.
SIGNAL passing traffic for help.
After the storm is over:
A severe storm may cause dangerous conditions that must be
handled with caution.
69
CHECK nearby storm drains to ensure they are clear of debris.
REMOVE all movable equipment and supplies to a second
floor or other elevated areas.
CHECK outside areas for equipment and materials that could
be damaged by floodwaters or heavy rain accumulation.
CHECK and SECURE storage tanks.
SEAL securely all hatches and manholes.
CLOSE all valves.
SECURE to wooden pallets materials that cannot be moved
easily.
UNPLUG electrical equipment and appliances.
FILL jugs with clean water in case water supplies become
contaminated.
PLACE sandbags in and around all outside doors and
thresholds.
EVACUATE quickly when you are advised to do so.
AVOID downed power lines.
LEAVE low lying areas immediately.
LEAVE the car and seek higher ground immediately if driving
in a low-lying area or if your car stalls in rapidly rising
water.
STAY away from storm drains and irrigation ditches.
DO NOT DRINK tap water.
DO NOT DRIVE through or around police/construction
barricades.
DO NOT DRIVE through flood water.
70
Emergency Preparedness
Suspicious packages and biological threats
A suspicious package may have one or more of the following
characteristics:
• excessive postage;
• handwritten or poorly typed addresses;
• incorrect titles;
• title, but no name;
• misspellings of common words;
• oily stains, discolorations or odour;
• no return address;
• excessive weight;
• lopsided or uneven envelope;
• protruding wires or aluminum foil;
• excessive security material such as masking tape;
string, etc.;
• visual distractions;
• a ticking sound;
• restrictive endorsements, such as “personal” or
“confidential”,; or
• a city or state postmark that does not match the return
address.
71
Dealing with suspicious packages
PLACE the envelope or package in a plastic bag or some other
type of container to prevent leakage of contents.
COVER the envelope or package with anything available
(i.e., clothing, paper, trash can, etc.) if you do not have an
appropriate container.
LEAVE the room and close the door, or section off the area to
prevent others from entering.
WASH your hands with soap and water to prevent spreading.
CALL 911.
LIST all people who were in the room/area when the letter
or package was recognized. Provide this list to law
enforcement agencies.
DO NOT SHAKE or EMPTY the contents of any suspicious
envelope or package.
Bomb Threats
When you receive a bomb threat:
TAKE all threats seriously.
BE CALM and courteous.
LISTEN carefully.
OBTAIN as much information as possible (who, what, where,
when, how and why).
KEEP the caller on the line, if you can, by asking questions, or
asking him or her to repeat the information.
NOTE voice characteristics and any background noises. Also,
what does the caller appear to know about the workplace?
NOTIFY responsible authorities by prearranged signal while
the caller is online.
RECORD the information on the Sample Bomb Threat Report
Form (p. 75).
INFORM security, police and the fire department.
DO NOT INTERRUPT the caller.
73
During a bomb threat evacuation:
SEARCH your immediate area.
UNLOCK drawers, cabinets, etc. for the search crew and
identify any strange or unfamiliar objects.
TAKE with you your personal belongings (such as briefcase,
purse, etc.)
FOLLOW standard evacuation procedures.
DO NOT TOUCH any suspicious object or device. Report only.
74
SAMPLE
Bomb Threat Report Form
(Responding to a bomb threat over a telephone)
• LISTEN • DO NOT INTERRUPT THE CALLER •
• GET AS MUCH INFORMATION AS YOU CAN •
Name:
Time:
Date:
Caller Identity: ❏ Male ❏ Female Age:
Origin of Call: ❏ Local ❏ Long Distance ❏ Booth ❏ Internal
Manner: ❏ Calm
❏ Rational
❏ Coherent
❏ Deliberate
❏ Righteous
❏ Angry
❏ Irrational
❏ Incoherent
❏ Emotional
❏ Laughing
❏ Other
75
SAMPLE
Bomb Threat Report Form
(Responding to a bomb threat over a telephone)
76
Emergency Evacuation Procedures
Evacuation procedures may vary depending on the nature of
the emergency. Below are some general guidelines:
Fire evacuation
During evacuation:
REMAIN calm.
FOLLOW procedures established by your employer.
DIRECT everyone to use the designated fire exits.
PROCEED quickly and directly to the designated meeting area.
RESPOND to small fires with fire extinguishers, but only if you
are trained to use a fire extinguisher.
PREPARE to receive and direct fire fighters.
CHECK security at all exits.
ALWAYS report the alarm or actual fire to fire fighters and
police before you become distracted or preoccupied.
77
DRAW UP evacuation routes and post this information in
prominent locations.
IDENTIFY exit routes and specific precautions, which must be
followed before everyone evacuates the building.
LOCK away valuables and confidential materials.
ESTABLISH a “buddy” system to assist with the evacuation of
employees with disabilities.
SHUT OFF specific equipment.
DETERMINE where everyone will meet once they have
vacated the building.
ESTABLISH procedures for taking attendance of all personnel.
PREPARE emergency, security and operations staff in advance
concerning evacuation policies and procedures.
TRAIN all employees in evacuation procedures.
PRACTICE your evacuation plan. Ensure that everyone
responds to fire alarms and fire drills.
78
Responding to Power Failure
Safety measures include:
• readily available flashlights;
• adequate emergency lighting;
• emergency exits and aisles maintained free of tripping
hazards and obstruction;
• adequate evacuation procedures;
• warm shelter available; and
• security measures to prevent theft and vandalism.
79
Your equipment is commonly at risk in a power failure.
The re-establishment of electrical power is usually
accompanied by a power surge. Heavy equipment creates a
significant electrical load, and a simultaneous start-up could
have a serious impact on your power distribution system –
causing failure, fire or an explosion. Computer equipment is
particularly at risk.
Responding to Sabotage
This section is intended to provide an effective means of
preventing acts of sabotage or “vandalism” by employees or
others, and offers advice on and how to react to such acts.
Most companies are at risk of sabotage that can result in major
fires, environmental spills, and equipment failures.
80
Facility access control should ensure that:
• all visitors are logged in and out;
• visitors wear an ID badge;
• an authorized employee escorts visitors throughout the
entire visit; and
• contractors, vendors, truck drivers, etc., are to be
restricted to only the work area, and must be supervised
by an authorized employee.
81
Emergency Shutdown Procedures
It is essential to shut down equipment that:
• contributes to the emergency situation;
• increases the potential for the severity of the harmful
outcome;
• poses danger to first responders.
82
Important Considerations in Developing
Emergency Evacuation Procedures
DETERMINE who gives the evacuation order.
DETERMINE who will notify personnel to evacuate and how
the message will be communicated.
ASSIGN responsibility for ensuring that all areas have been
evacuated, e.g., washroom, office, hallway checks.
ASSIGN responsibility to ensure that no one stays behind on
the floor after an evacuation order has been given.
ESTABLISH procedures and assign responsibility for
evacuation of physically challenged personnel.
DRAW up evacuation routes and post the routes in prominent
areas.
IDENTIFY specific precautions that must be followed before
everyone evacuates the building:
• Should cash, valuables, confidential records be locked
away?
• Do employees with disabilities need assistance?
• Do emergency shutdown procedures need to be
activated?
• Are there visitors in the building?
83
Providing Victim Support
After an incident, it is essential that the victim(s), other affected
employees and, in some cases, the victim’s family, obtain
immediate counselling and trauma therapy. Early provision of
victim support services will reduce the impact of a crisis.
Traumatized employees may require emotional support (e.g.
critical incident stress management, post-traumatic incident
counselling), job accommodations and/or medical treatment.
Your organization should identify resources to provide these
services and develop procedures for making appropriate use
of these resources when an incident occurs.
84
• physical symptoms, such as:
– inability to sleep
– loss of appetite
– trembling
• psychosomatic symptoms, such as:
– stomach pain
– headaches
• panic or anxiety, especially of returning to work;
• family tension and stress;
• inability to concentrate;
• non-specific fears;
• low morale and productivity;
• loss of memory;
• feelings of helplessness;
• loss of confidence;
• feelings of isolation and loneliness;
• feelings of frustration and guilt;
• increased sense of vulnerability; and
• flashbacks of the event.
85
Immediately following an incident, victims should be offered:
• medical attention;
• informal debriefing, which allows victims to talk through
their experience with their co-workers and supervisor;
• formal debriefing with a skilled debriefer, if necessary;
• voluntary and confidential trauma counselling or
therapy by an independent, qualified professional;
• time off work, which will vary as individuals react
differently to different circumstances;
• information regarding their rights;
• assistance with compensation, insurance and/or legal
advice; and
• ongoing follow-up and treatment as needed.
Co-workers should be encouraged to talk about problems they
may be experiencing and to be supportive of the victim and
sensitive to his or her feelings. In some situations, a group
debriefing by qualified professionals may be appropriate. This
debriefing can provide advice on how to communicate with a
co-worker who has been the victim of an incident.
86
Your response plan should incorporate the following principles:
87
7. Crisis Management
Notification
It is your responsibility to inform certain agencies, where
required by law. Such agencies include:
Reporting
Emergencies must be reported in order to:
89
Emergency Operations Centre equipment list
• minimum two telephones with dedicated lines;
• portable cellular phone and charger;
• approved first aid kit;
• Safety Data Sheets, inventory lists and locations;
• two flashlights and spare batteries;
• two log books (communications log and activity log);
• battery operated clock;
• mutual aid resource list;
• employee address & telephone list;
• Two copies of the response plan;
• battery operated radio, spare batteries, and;
• sufficient amounts of food and drink.
90
Communication
Develop procedures for internal and external communications
during an emergency. Telephone systems can easily be
affected by the emergency event. Typical alternative methods
for communication include:
• cellular phones;
• two-way radios;
• public address (PA) systems; and
• dispatching a person who is familiar with the location of
a public phone or a phone in a neighbouring facility.
Preplanned Messages
A concise, positive message about your company can be easily
included in the answer to any question posed by the media.
This message must be pre-planned and ready for use during
an emergency.
94
Here are some examples of preplanned messages:
• “We have implemented a comprehensive emergency
response plan.”
• “Our risk assessment process identifies and eliminates
hazards at the source.”
• “We have expended considerable resources developing
our emergency response plan to handle this exact
situation.”
• “Our action plans, implemented by our highly trained
staff, have been successful in bringing this situation
under control quickly.”
Rules to remember
ACCEPT and INVOLVE the public as a legitimate partner.
PLAN carefully what to say and evaluate your performance.
LISTEN to your audience.
BE honest, frank and open to reporters.
COORDINATE / COLLABORATE with other credible sources such
as the fire department, police, etc.
MEET the media persons promptly. Don’t keep them waiting.
SPEAK clearly and with compassion.
REMAIN calm.
ENSURE you are understood.
KEEP messages simple and focused on the positive.
DO NOT BE antagonistic – be gentle and gracious.
95
9. Business Recovery Plans
The objective of a business recovery plan is to resume each
activity to a specified level of service and within a specific
timeframe.
Examples of planning objectives:
Business Resumption
Business resumption planning is a company-wide activity
with focus on business processes and revenues and reduced
recovery times.
• revenue;
• image; and
• employee, customer and shareholder confidence.
97
• all necessary forms and provisions; and
• expected recovery time.
98
8. What does it cost to respond/recover versus the short-
term lost revenue?
9. Do other organizations depend on functions that your
company performs?
10. What are your external outputs?
11. What would be the public relations implications of a
curtailment of your activities?
12. Would the safety or security of personnel and property
be jeopardized if your operations were interrupted?
13. Which of your essential operations are dependent
on computer support? Are there alternative manual
operating procedures in place with people who know
how to perform these operations? How long could these
operations be performed without computer support?
99
Incident Investigations
The purpose of investigation is to find the cause of the incident
and NOT to blame people for it.
Investigation team
The best approach to incident investigation is one that uses
a team of knowledgeable persons. The incident investigation
team may consist of:
100
• description of the incident, including the equipment,
working conditions and events leading to the incident;
• root cause of the incident;
• general description of the response steps taken;
• identification of any deficiencies noted in the response;
• recommendations for corrective action;
• recommendations for improvements to response plan;
and
• names of the investigating team members.
Damage Assessments
The purpose of the damage assessment is to estimate losses
detailing equipment, machinery, personnel injured and
materials lost; and a prioritized list of necessary repair and
reconstruction work, personnel assignments and completion
schedules.
101
10. Cleanup and Restoration Plans
As soon as incident investigations are completed, cleanup and
restoration activities should commence. The procedures must
designate the person(s) who are responsible for the following
activities:
Claims Procedures
In most emergencies, damage to facilities and equipment does
occur. The procedures for submitting claims to an insurance
carrier(s) should be clearly established and included in the
recovery procedures of your plan.
103
NOTES
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__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
104
Section V
Plan Implementation
1. Personnel Training
2. Drills and Exercises
3. Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Exercises
1. Personnel Training
An effective emergency response plan will not succeed
without trained personnel who have the knowledge and skills
necessary to carry out the assigned task.
The training should include:
106
Training Checklist
❏ Personal protective equipment.
❏ Preventive maintenance of equipment.
❏ Spill containment and cleanup.
❏ Fire suppression equipment use.
❏ First-aid.
❏ SDS information.
❏ Product labels and what they mean.
❏ Evacuation procedures.
❏ Emergency reporting procedures.
❏ Fire & leak detector systems.
❏ Portable fire extinguishers.
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
107
Consult appropriate NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)
and CSA (Canadian Standards Association) standards for
training requirements for various emergency response
activities.
108
• plans for organizing, conducting, and evaluating
exercises and drills;
• who is responsible for developing, scheduling, and
conducting drills;
• provisions for including all levels of management in the
exercise program;
• provisions involving off-site agencies where appropriate;
• provisions for correcting defects in the plan that are
detected by the drills; and
• provisions for conducting an annual full-scale exercise.
Full-Scale Exercise
A comprehensive exercise should involve off-site personnel.
The objective of this exercise is to fully test and evaluate your
company’s capability of responding to a realistic emergency
scenario.
109
Functional Drills
Functional drills are designed to test and evaluate specific
functional aspects of the plan.
For example:
• evacuation;
• fire extinguisher use; and
• spill cleanup.
Tabletop Exercises
The objective of tabletop exercises is a step-by-step evaluation
of response procedures and process flow.
110
Drill Preparation
Preparation for a drill or exercise varies depending on the type
and scope involved. Following are some helpful hints:
ASSIGN responsibilities.
TRAIN event controllers and evaluators.
REVIEW the plan to identify possible problem areas.
ESTABLISH measurable objectives.
IDENTIFY resources needed including personnel.
DEVELOP:
– exercise scenarios;
– major sequence of events list; and
– expected action checklist.
Scenario Planning
Use scenarios that are realistic and based upon current
operating conditions. The primary event (fire, spill, etc.) is to be
determined based on the objective of the exercise.
111
Drill Notification
Notify your alarm monitoring service, in writing, at least 48
hours in advance of the drill. They should also be notified by
telephone immediately prior to the drill.
Post-exercise evaluation
All response team members should meet after the drill to
evaluate the exercise.
112
All participants meet to:
Report
A written report should be prepared and submitted in writing
to management. The report must include:
• problems or difficulties;
• recommendations for corrective measures;
• responsibility for taking corrective action; and
• time frames for corrective actions.
113
SAMPLE
Checklist for Evaluating Emergency Response Drills
Yes No
Was the exercise completed within the expected time? ❏ ❏
Did the Emergency Management Team respond appro-
❏ ❏
priately as planned?
Did response teams function as planned? ❏ ❏
Were internal and external communications clear? ❏ ❏
Did any employees have difficulty evacuating? ❏ ❏
Were all exits and entrances clear and functional –
❏ ❏
gates, doors, elevators, etc?
Were aisles clear? ❏ ❏
Were there sufficient emergency materials and equip-
❏ ❏
ment available?
Were the emergency materials and equipment in the
❏ ❏
proper place and proper working order?
Did vehicles need to be moved? ❏ ❏
If yes, were keys readily available? ❏ ❏
Did appropriate notification take place? ❏ ❏
Did everyone know what to do? ❏ ❏
Did anyone have too much to do? ❏ ❏
Did the fire department, ambulance, police arrive on
❏ ❏
time?
Remarks:
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
114
SAMPLE
EMERGENCY PLANNING EXERCISE REVIEW
Exercise Type:___________________________________
_____________________________________________
Function Reviewed:________________________________
_____________________________________________
Date of Exercise:__________________________________
Issue Identified:__________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
Responsible Person:_______________________________
Date of Completion:________________________________
Copies To:______________________________________
Reviewed By:____________________________________
115
NOTES
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
116
Section VI
Continuous Improvement
1. Incident Follow-up
2. Tips for Continuous Improvement
1. Incident Follow-up
The purpose of incident follow-up is to ensure that all lessons
learned from situations are applied to prevent future incidents.
• location;
• process involved;
• type of incident; and
• possible causes.
118
Other points to consider:
119
SAMPLE
Reminder Checklist
Yes No
Do you have someone designated as an alternate leader
❏ ❏
for overall emergency response plans?
Do the Fire and Police departments servicing each
of your locations have the phone number of both the ❏ ❏
person in charge and the alternate?
Are your backup files where you can readily get to them? ❏ ❏
Have you tested that you can actually read and restore
❏ ❏
your computer backup files?
Do your alarms work without power (do they have
❏ ❏
battery backup)?
Are your safes fireproof? ❏ ❏
Do you have a binder off-site with a copy of every form
you use, and the phone number of where you purchase ❏ ❏
them or get more?
Do you have the after-hours contact numbers for your
❏ ❏
insurance agents?
Do you have at least one telephone at each location that
works when your main telephone system loses power ❏ ❏
or breaks?
Are your personnel records safe from fire? ❏ ❏
Do you know the street addresses of your local radio
stations where you can submit emergency announce- ❏ ❏
ments?
Are your telephone and electrical service rooms protect-
❏ ❏
ed from falling water?
Do you have a list of all employees’ voice-mail pass-
words in order to retrieve messages when an employee ❏ ❏
is suddenly ill or incapacitated?
120
Reminder Checklist
Do you have at least one exit that unlocks when the fire
❏ ❏
alarm sounds, or activates fire alarm when opened?
Do you have emergency cabinets containing at least:
flashlights with extra batteries, a radio with extra batter- ❏ ❏
ies, and a first-aid kit?
Do you regularly conduct mock drills/exercises and
❏ ❏
training?
121
NOTES
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__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
122
Section VII
United States
Workplaces in the USA can consult the OSHA website
page “Emergency Preparedness and Response” at
https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/emergencypreparedness/
index.html
You many also wish to consult the “Emergency Response
Plan” from Ready.gov at
https://www.ready.gov/business/implementation/
emergency
124
Emergency Response Planning Resources
Business Continuity Planning
Public Safety
https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/mrgnc-mngmnt/
index-en.aspx
Disaster Recovery Information Exchange
www.drie.org
Transportation of Dangerous Goods,
CANUTEC
www.tc.gc.ca/canutec/
Government of Canada,
https://www.canada.ca/en/services/policing/emergencies/
continuity.html
Disaster Recovery Institute Canada
www.dri.ca
125
Definitions for key words are as follows:
CHECK – Visual observation to ensure the device or system is
in place and is not obviously damaged or obstructed.
TEST – Operation of device or system to ensure that it will
perform in accordance with its intended operation or function.
INSPECTIONS – Physical examination to determine that the
device or system will apparently perform in accordance
with its intended function.
Source: Ontario Fire Code. O. Reg. 213/07. Made under the FIRE PROTECTION and
PREVENTION ACT, 1997.
126
Fire Alarm and Voice Communication Systems
Fire Code
Requirements Inspection Frequency
Reference
Check the central alarm and
6.3.2.3 control facility for indication Daily
of trouble
Fire alarm system, with or
as per CAN/ULC-S536,
without voice communi-
6.3.2.2 “Inspection and Testing
cation capability, must be
of Fire Alarm Systems
inspected and tested
Voice communication CAN/ULC-S536, “Inspec-
6.3.2.4 systems that are integrated tion and Testing of Fire
with a fire alarm system Alarm Systems
Voice communication
systems that are not
integrated with a fire alarm
6.3.2.5 system, loud speakers, and Monthly
communication from a re-
mote firefighter emergency
telephone location
Refer to CAN/ULC S536-1997 “Inspection and Testing of Fire Alarm
Systems” for exact details.
Source: Ontario Fire Code. O. Reg. 213/07. Made under the FIRE PROTECTION and
PREVENTION ACT, 1997.
127
SAMPLE
Emergency Management Checklist
Functional
Element Documented
Ability Proven
Statement of policy on emergency
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
response.
Plan given appropriate authority
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
by highest management level.
Plan is distributed to all that need
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
to know.
Plan establishes the emergency
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
organization.
The following functions have been
clearly defined and assigned to
individuals:
• Plan administration ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
• Operational control ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
• Coordination of support ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
• Plan maintenance ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
• Regular risk assessment ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
• Training ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
• Drills and exercises ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
• Maintenance of equipment ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
• Specific response functions ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
• Coordination of off-site plans ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
Alternates for all key positions
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
exist.
Plan is based on risk assessment. ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
128
Emergency Management Checklist
Functional
Element Documented
Ability Proven
Plan provides for annual drills and
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
exercises.
Plan establishes various levels
of emergencies with levels of ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
response.
Plan includes basic elements:
129
Emergency Management Checklist
Functional
Element Documented
Ability Proven
Procedures exist for inspection or
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
testing of critical equipment.
Procedures call for the review of all
new processes and equipment for
compliance with:
• Occupational Health and Safety
Act
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
130
Emergency Management Checklist
Functional
Element Documented
Ability Proven
Call lists and letters of agreement
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
are up-to-date.
Plan provides for emergency
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
response training.
Emergency response training is
based on specific hazards and ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
response duties.
Testing of knowledge and skills is
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
required.
Plan specifies type and frequency
of training for each response ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
function.
Adequate training records are
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
kept.
Minimum training levels are
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
defined.
Training of first responders
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
complies with standards.
A current inventory list of all
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
equipment and supplies exists.
131
Emergency Management Checklist
Functional
Element Documented
Ability Proven
Maintenance and decontamination
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
procedures are included.
Equipment is tested as specified
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
by the manufacturer.
Equipment and supply needs are
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
reviewed when changes occur.
Contact lists for suppliers of
emergency equipment and
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
supplies maintained, updated and
readily available.
Respiratory equipment selection,
use and maintenance comply with ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
current standard.
Mutual aid agreements are in
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
place.
Drills involving mutual aid have
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
been held.
Capabilities of community
organizations have been reviewed ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
and considered.
132
Emergency Management Checklist
Functional
Element Documented
Ability Proven
Communications procedures
include:
• Telephone / cellular phone ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
133
Emergency Management Checklist
Functional
Element Documented
Ability Proven
Detection devices undergo regular
testing, inspection, maintenance ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
and calibration.
Regular tests of the alarm systems
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
are conducted.
All response personnel are
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
medically fit to perform such work.
All response personnel are
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
volunteers.
At least two evacuation routes
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
exist from each area.
The authority to declare a full
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
evacuation is designated.
The authority to declare the
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
emergency is “over” is designated.
All emergency exits are properly
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
marked.
All employees are instructed in
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
evacuation procedures.
Maps and procedures are posted. ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
Assembly areas consider safe
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
distances.
All employees and visitors can be
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
accounted for.
Procedures address special needs
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
of person(s) with disabilities.
Temporary shelter or
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
transportation is considered.
134
Emergency Management Checklist
Functional
Element Documented
Ability Proven
The security function is defined. ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
Facility access is controlled during
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
an emergency.
Traffic control has been
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
considered.
Pilferage and theft have been
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
considered.
High security risk areas have been
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
identified.
There are physical security
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
devices.
The plan includes media relations
before, during and after an ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
emergency.
Public information documents
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
exist.
Those dealing with the media/
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
public are trained.
Contacts with the media are
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
established and maintained.
Media information is reviewed
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
annually and updated.
Procedures control the release of
information to the public during an ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
emergency.
Names and information regarding
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
the injured are restricted.
Regular media releases are made
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
during an emergency.
135
Emergency Management Checklist
Functional
Element Documented
Ability Proven
Emergency shutdown procedures
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
exist.
Responsibility for shutdown is
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
assigned.
Procedures and checklists have
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
been developed.
Diagrams and maps indicating
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
critical components are available.
All critical components are clearly
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
identified.
Persons with special technolog-
ical knowledge are available to ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
emergency personnel.
An alternate location for
continuing operations manage- ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
ment is identified.
Resource list been developed for
sources of equipment, supplies, ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
services or contractors.
Agreements have been made
with other facilities to continue ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
production of products.
Procedures are adequate to
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
document all compensable losses.
Procedures provide for preserving
the incident scene for ❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
investigations.
A safety plan is required prior to
❏ Yes ❏ No ❏ Yes ❏ No
re-entry into affected areas.
136
3. Emergency Response Organizations
Canada
Federal
Public Safety Canada
Web Site: www.publicsafety.gc.ca/
Provincial
Alberta
Alberta Emergency Management Agency
Web Site: www.municipalaffairs.gov.ab.ca/
British Columbia
Public Safety & Emergency Services
Web Site: https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/safety
Manitoba
Emergency Measures Organization
Web Site: https://www.gov.mb.ca/emo/
New Brunswick
Emergency Measures Organization
Web Site: https://www2.gnb.ca/content/gnb/en/
departments/emo.html
137
Northwest Territories
Municipal and Community Affairs
- Office of the Fire Marshall
- Public Safety
Web Site: www.maca.gov.nt.ca/about/emergency.html
Nova Scotia
Emergency Management Office
Web Site: https://beta.novascotia.ca/government/emergency-
management-office
Nunavut
Emergency Management Organization
Web Site: https://www.gov.nu.ca/community-and-
government-services/programs-services/
emergency-management-organization
Ontario
Emergency Management Ontario
Ministry of the Solicitor General
Web Site:www.emergencymanagementontario.ca/
Quebec
Sécurité publique
Ministère de la sécurité publique
Web Site: www.msp.gouv.qc.ca/index_en.asp
138
Saskatchewan
Emergency Management
Government of Saskatchewan
Web Site: https://www.saskatchewan.ca/residents/
environment-public-health-and-safety/
emergency-management
Yukon
Emergency Measures Organization
Web Site: www.community.gov.yk.ca/emo/index.html
United States
Federal Emergency Management Agency
500 C Street, SW
Washington, D.C. 20472
Phone: 1-800-621-3362
Web Site: www.fema.gov/
International
World Health Organization
Web Site: www.who.int/en/
139
NOTES
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__________________________________
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__________________________________
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140
Additional Resources
from CCOHS
eCourses
eCourses - Special Packages
Classroom Courses
Posters
Electronic Products
eCourses available from CCOHS
Accident Investigation
Accident Investigation in Ontario
AODA Accessible Customer Service Regulation
AODA IASR Employment Standard
AODA IASR General Requirements
AODA IASR Information and Communication Standard
AODA IASR Transportation Standard
Asbestos in the Workplace
Assembling the Pieces Toolkit
Being a Mindful Employee: An Orientation to Psychological
Health and Safety in the Workplace
Bullying in the Workplace
Business Case for Health and Safety
Business Case for Workplace Wellness
Canada Labour Code, Part II: An Overview
Compressed Gases
Confined Space Management
Confined Spaces: The Basics
Contractor Health and Safety
Contractor Health and Safety in Ontario
Core Competencies for First Line Supervisors - Yukon Mining
Dealing with Difficult or Hostile Customers
Developing an Occupational Health and Safety Program
Developing Your Workplace Violence and Harassment
Program in Ontario
Domestic Violence in the Workplace
Due Diligence in Occupational Health and Safety
*also available as a classroom course
Visit www.ccohs.ca/products/courses/course_listing.html
for a complete list and descriptions of courses.
142
eCourses available from CCOHS
Electrical Hazards
Emergency Preparedness for Workers
Emergency Response Planning
Federal Hazard Prevention Program
Fire Safety: The Basics
Hazard Identification, Assessment and Control
Hazardous Occurrence Investigations for Federally-Regulated
Work Places
Health and Safety Awareness for Ontario Supervisors
Health and Safety Awareness for Ontario Workers
Health and Safety Committees
Health and Safety Committees and Representatives
(Canada Labour Code)
Health and Safety for Managers and Supervisors (E-course)
Health and Safety for Managers and Supervisors in Ontario
Health and Safety for Office Managers
Health and Safety for Senior Executives: Legislation & Liability
Health and Safety For Small Business
Impairment and Cannabis in the Workplace
Impairment: What Workers Need to Know
Incident Investigations in Saskatchewan Healthcare
Workplaces
Incident Investigations in Saskatchewan Workplaces
Indoor Air Quality: An Introduction
Joint Health and Safety Committees in Ontario
143
eCourses available from CCOHS
Ladder Safety
Ladder Safety in Ontario
Lockout
Manual Materials Handling
Mental Health: Awareness
Mental Health: Communication Strategies
Mental Health: e-Course Package
Mental Health: Health and Wellness Strategies
Mental Health: Psychologically Healthy Workplaces
Mental Health: Signs, Symptoms and Solutions
Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs): Awareness
Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs): Prevention
Nanotechnology and Health
Occupational and Environmental Cancer: Recognition and
Prevention
Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems
Occupational Health, Safety and Environmental Management
Systems
Office Ergonomics
Office Ergonomics in Ontario
Office Health and Safety
Orientation on Health and Safety for New Agricultural Workers
Orientation on Health and Safety for New Workers
Pandemic Awareness
Pandemic Planning
Pandemic Planning: Reopening for Business
144
eCourses available from CCOHS
Personal Protective Equipment: The Basics
Preventing Falls From Slips and Trips
Preventing Falls From Slips and Trips in Ontario
Preventing Hearing Loss From Workplace Noise
Return to Work in Ontario
Return to Work: The Basics
Safe Driving: Backing Up
Saskatchewan Asbestos Awareness: Understanding the Risk
Saskatchewan Workplace Inspections
Saskatchewan Workplace Inspections in Healthcare
Small Business Health and Safety Certificate Program
Stress in the Workplace
Transportation of Dangerous Goods (TDG)
Transportation of Dangerous Goods (TDG): An Overview
Travel Safety for Canadian Businesses
Violence in the Workplace: Awareness
Violence in the Workplace: Establish a Prevention Program
Violence in the Workplace: Recognize the Risk and Take Action
WHMIS 2015: An Introduction
WHMIS 2015 for Managers and Supervisors
WHMIS 2015 for Manitoba Workers in Provincially-Regulated
Workplaces
WHMIS 2015 for Office Environments
WHMIS 2015 for Saskatchewan Workers
WHMIS 2015 for Workers
WHMIS 2015: Understanding SDSs
145
eCourses available from CCOHS
WHMIS 2015 for Workers in the Northwest Territories and
Nunavut
WHMIS 2015 for Workers in the Northwest Territories and
Nunavut (Inuktitut)
Working at Heights
Workplace Inspections
Workplace Violence in the Canadian Federal Jurisdiction:
Establish a Prevention Program
Workplace Violence in the Canadian Federal Jurisdiction:
Recognize the Risk and Take Action
Young Worker Safety Course
146
eCourse Special Packages
Mental Health: e-Course Package
Small Business Health and Safety Certificate Program (11
courses)
Visit www.ccohs.ca/products/courses/course_listing.html
for a complete list and descriptions of courses.
147
Posters...available in print and PDF
Be Air Aware
Bullying is Not Part of the Job
Cranes & Hoists Hand Signals
Day of Mourning (Remember and Commit)
Day of Mourning (Clouds)
Day of Mourning (Butterfly)
Day of Mourning (Candle)
Day of Mourning (Dragonfly)
Day of Mourning (Forget-me-not)
Day of Mourning (Sun)
Day of Mourning (Tear/Flame)
Don’t Let Safety Slip
Get the Upper Hand on Germs
GHS/WHMIS SDS: Mix With Caution
Healthy Living at Work
Healthy Minds: Workplace Support is Key
Healthy Minds at Work
Heat-Related Illness: Watch for Signs
How Chemicals Enter the Body
Keep Your Cool
Manual Materials Handling (MMH)
Mental or Physical, Illness is Illness
MSDS -> SDS: Not Just Dropping the “M”
Personal Protective Equipment
Pick Up Tips on How to Lift Safely
Position for Safety and Comfort
Prevent the Spread of Infections
Respect: Everyone Deserves It
Visit www.ccohs.ca/products/posters/
for a complete list and descriptions of the posters.
148
Posters...available in print and PDF
Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) Awareness Day
Scent-Free Zone
See Signs of Violence at Your Workplace?
Take the Time to Wash Your Hands
Tension Relief: It’s a Stretch
Three Basic Rights of Canadian Workers
Weight Lifting Tips
WHMIS 2015 Labels
WHMIS 2015 Pictograms
Workers’ Basic Rights in Canada
10 Healthy Habits for Mental Fitness
Visit www.ccohs.ca/products/posters/
for a complete list and descriptions of the posters.
149
Electronic Products
CCOHS offers a variety of electronic products, some of which
are highlighted below. For more information, contact CCOHS
Client Services at 1-800-668-4284 or [email protected]
Chemical Information
(M)SDS ((Material) Safety Data Sheets)
FTSS (French Language Material Safety Data Sheets)
CHEMpendium
CHEMINFO
RTECS®
IPCS INCHEM
Databases
OSH References (CISILO (English/French), HSELINE, Canadiana,
OSHLINE® with NIOSHTIC®, INRS Bibliographic)
Canadian enviroOSH Legislation
Canadian enviroOSH Legislation plus Standards
(M)SDS Services
CANManage
Software
CANWrite
150
Publications - Available in print and pdf
Pocket Guides
Cold Weather Workers Safety Guide
Comprehensive Workplace Health Program Guide
Emergency Response Planning Guide
Food Service Workers Safety Guide
Groundskeepers Safety Guide
Health and Safety Committees Reference Guide
Health and Safety Guide for Custodial Workers
Health and Safety Guide for Human Resources Professionals
Health and Safety Guide for Libraries
Indoor Air Quality Health and Safety Guide
Mould in the Workplace: A Basic Guide
Noise Control in Industry: A Basic Guide
Office Ergonomics Safety Guide
Office Health and Safety Guide
Orientation for New Workers
School Workers Health and Safety Guide
Telework and Home Office Health and Safety Guide
Violence in the Workplace Prevention Guide
Warehouse Workers Safety Guide
Welders Health and Safety Guide
Working in Hot Environments: Health and Safety Guide
Other Publications
Implementing a Chemical Safety Program
Implementing an Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S)
Program
Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD) Prevention Manual
The Safety Data Sheet: A Guide to First-Aid Recommendations
WHMIS After GHS: Preparing for the Change
WHMIS 2015 Instructor’s Toolkit
WHMIS 2015 Participant Workbook
Workplace Strategies: Risk of Impairment from Cannabis
Visit www.ccohs.ca/products/print.html
for a complete list and descriptions of the publications.
CCOHS...
Canada’s national centre for occupational
health and safety. We provide unbiased
information, advice and training on how to
prevent illness and injury in the workplace.
xii