Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ECI Week 3
ECI Week 3
Individual Factors
• Gender:
o Women seem to be more sensitive to ethical scenarios and less tolerant of
unethical actions
• Education
• Nationality
• Age
• Locus of control: how people view themselves in
relation to power (external control & internal
control).
o Those who believe they formed their own destiny were more ethical than
those who believed their fate was in the hands of others.
61MKT3ECI/FMT/HANU/2022
Organizational Factors
• Ethical choices in business are most often made
jointly, in work groups and committees, or in
conversations and discussions with coworkers.
o An alignment between a person’s own values and the values of
the organization help create positive work attitudes and
organizational outcomes.
o The ethical values embodied in an organization’s culture are
positively correlated to employees’ commitment to the firm and
their sense that they fit into the company.
o Obedience to authority helps explain why many employees
resolve business ethics issues by simply following the directives of
a superior.
o Significant others help workers on a daily basis with unfamiliar
tasks and provide advice and information in both formal and
informal ways.
61MKT3ECI/FMT/HANU/2022
Opportunity
• Opportunity describes the conditions in an
organization that limit or permit ethical or unethical
behavior.
o Ex: rewards, whether internal or external, or fail to erect barriers against
unethical behavior.
CHAPTER 6:
Individual Factors: Moral Philosophies and Values
• Understand how moral philosophies and values influence
individual and group ethical decision making in business
• Compare and contrast the teleological, deontological, virtue,
and justice perspectives of moral philosophy
• Discuss the impact of philosophies on business ethics
• Recognize the stages of cognitive moral development and its
shortcomings
• Introduce white-collar crime as it relates to moral philosophies,
values, and corporate culture
61MKT3ECI/FMT/HANU/2022
MORAL PHILOSOPHY
• Moral philosophy refers to the specific principles or
values people use to decide what is right and
wrong.
o Adam Smith
o Capitalism
o Economic value orientation
o Idealism
o Realism
61MKT3ECI/FMT/HANU/2022
MORAL PHILOSOPHIES
61MKT3ECI/FMT/HANU/2022
MORAL PHILOSOPHIES
• Teleology: Thuyết cứu cánh
o an act is considered morally right or acceptable if it produces some desired
result, such as pleasure, knowledge, career growth, the realization of self-
interest, utility, wealth, or even fame
• Deontology: Đạo Nghĩa Luận
o Deontologists believe individuals have certain absolute rights, including
freedom of conscience, freedom of consent, freedom of privacy, freedom of
speech, and due process.
• Egoism: Thuyết vị kỷ
o Egoism defines right or acceptable behavior in terms of its consequences for
the individual.
• Utilitarianism: Thuyết vị lợi
o Rule utilitarians
o Act utilitarians
• Relativism: Thuyết tương đối
o Descriptive relativism
o Meta-ethical relativism
o Normative relativism
• Virtue: Luân Lý Luận
61MKT3ECI/FMT/HANU/2022
White-Collar Crime
61MKT3ECI/FMT/HANU/2022
Corporate culture
• Corporate culture refers to the set of values, beliefs, goals,
norms, and ways of solving problems that members
(employees) of an organization share.
• These shared values may be formally expressed or unspoken.
61MKT3ECI/FMT/HANU/2022