Types of Speech Acts Speech Act Is An Utterance That The Speaker Intends To Affect His/her

TYPES OF SPEECH ACTS
Speech Act is an utterance that the speaker intends to affect his/her

audience. Speech acts happen when we apologize, greet, request, complaint, invite
and etc. Speech acts have real-life interactions and require not only knowledge of
the language but also appropriate use of that language within a given culture.
Speech Acts has three types In speaking, there are three types of speech acts by
J. L. Austin (1962), a language philosopher and the formulator of the Speech Act
Theory.
1. Locutionary act is the phrase or sentence being uttered. “Can you submit
your project today?”
Locutionary act is the actual act of uttering or saying something.

This act happens with the utterances of a sound, a word or even a phrase as
a natural unit of speech.
For the utterances to be a Locutionary Act, consider the following:
• It has sense, and mostly importantly, for communication to take place.
• It has the same meaning to both the speaker and the listener.
• Utterances give rise to shared meaning when it is adjusted by the speaker
for the listener.
2. . Illocutionary act is the purpose of the person saying such words. The one
saying “Can you submit your project today?” is requesting the listener to
submit his/her project today.
Illocutionary act is the social function of what is said.

In an illocutionary speech act, it is not just saying something itself but with
the act of saying something with the intention of:
• stating an opinion, conforming, or denying something;
• making a prediction, a promise, a request;
• issuing an order or a decision; or
• giving advice or permission.
This Speech Act uses the Illocutionary Force of a statement, a confirmation, a
denial, a prediction, a promise, a request, etc.
3. . Perlocutionary act is having the hearer recognize the intention of the

speaker. “Can you submit your project today?” The listener gets the point,
therefore he/she would submit his/her project on that day.
Perlocutionary act refers to the consequent effect of what was said.

This is based on the particular context in which the speech act was
mentioned.
This is seen when a particular effect is sought from either the speaker or the
listener, or both. The response may not necessarily be physical or verbal and
is elicited by:
• inspiring or insulting
• persuading/convincing; or
• deterring/scaring
The aim of Perlocutionary Speech Act is to change feelings, thoughts, or
actions.
Aside from these three speech acts, let us also learn about indirect speech acts.
They come about when the function of the utterance does not have a direct
relationship with what the speaker actually means in his/her statement. Please
consider this utterance:
Searle’s Classification of Speech Act
In addition, John Searle (1976) a university professor of California, Berkeley has

five general classifications of speech act:
1 Assertive – this speech act grants the speaker to convey his/her view that the
proposal made is correct. It is a type of illocutionary act in which the speaker
expresses belief about the truth of a proposition. Some examples of an assertive act
are suggesting, putting forward, swearing, boasting and concluding.
He’s always telling us that he owns the modernistic house in town.

No one can love you better than I do.
2 Directive – In this speech act, the speaker attempts at making the addressee to
do on what is being asked. It is a type of illocutionary act in which the speaker tries
to make the addressee perform an action. Some examples of a directive act are
asking, ordering, requesting, inviting, advising, and begging.
Your paragraph is good, but the last sentence is too long.

Please maintain the cleanliness of our school.
3 Commissive – this speech act compasses the speaker to make future actions,
e.g. promises and oaths. It is a type of illocutionary act which commits the speaker
to doing something in the future. Examples of a commissive act are promising,
planning, vowing, and betting.
I promise to be careful next time.

From this moment on, I will love you and honor you for the rest of my life.
4 Expressive – This speech act allows the speaker to speak up attitudes and
feelings. These are words that express gratitude or thanks, congratulating,
apologizing, welcoming and deploring.
Thank you so much for having you
Thank heavens, you came to save me! I owe you my life.
5 Declaration - This speech act can twist reality e.g. baptizing, bidding, wedding
and blessing.
a type of illocutionary act which brings a change in the external situation. Simply
put, declarations bring into existence or cause the state of affairs which they refer
to.
I now pronounce you husband and wife.
You are hired!
What I Have Learned
Now, let us check what you have learned from this lesson.
A. Complete the statements by writing the correct word/s.
1. ___________is an utterance that a speaker makes to achieve an intended effect.
2. The functions of speech act are __________, __________, __________, __________,
__________, or refusal.
3. Speech act is an act of ____________________.
4. There are three kinds of speech act. They are __________, __________, and
__________.
5. Locutionary act is the actual act of __________. This act happens with the
utterance of a sound, a word or even a phrase as a natural unit of speech.
6. __________ act is the social function of what is said
7. __________ act is the consequent effect of what was said. It is based on the
particular context in which the speech act was mentioned.
8. The aim of Perlocutionary Speech Act is to change __________, ___________, or
__________.
9. __________ is a philosopher of language and the developer of the Speech Act
Theory.
10. There are five classifications of speech act. These are __________, __________,
__________, __________, and _________.
B. To what classification of illocutionary act do the given examples belong? Choose

your answer from the choices below.
A. assertive B. commissive C. directive D. expressive E. declaration
1. “No one can sing as Leah does!”

2. “Please clean the room before you leave.”
3. “From this day forward, I promise to love you for the rest of my life.”
4. “You are blessed.”
5. “I love you very much!”
6. “Kindly see me after class.”
7. “I checked her outputs last week.”
8. “I am sad and feeling blue!”
9. “I promise to help you with your problems.”
10. “I think following the law makes us responsible citizens.”
TYPES OF COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGIES
Types of Communicative Strategies
Nomination Speaker carries to establish a topic collaboratively. Basically, when

you use this strategy, you try to introduce a topic with the people you are talking
to. Example: “Hey, how are you? I missed you!”
Restriction It refers to any limitation you may give or create as a speaker. On

some cases of communication, there's instructions that must be followed. Those
instructions confine you as a speaker and limit what you can say. Example: “Before
we start our discussion, let me remind you again of our house rules.”
Turn-taking This points to the process by which individuals decide who take the
conversational floor. Primarily, the idea is to give all communicators a chance to
speak. Example: “Now, it’s your turn to ask questions.”
Topic Control Topic Control takes how the procedure of formality or informality
affects the progress of topic in conversation Example: “Well, just go on.”
Topic Shifting Involves moving from one topic to another, where one part of a
conversation ends and where the other begins. Example: Anyway, have you heard
the news last night?
Repair Refers to how speaker address the problems in speaking, listening and
comprehending that they may encounter in a conversation. Example: I’m sorry for
what I’ve done, how can I make it up for you?”
Termination Refers to the conversation participants’ close initiating expressions

that end a topic in a conversation. Example: “Well then, I think we’re good. See
you!”
Let’s Try
Directions: Identify the type of communicative strategy used in each
statement. Choose your answer from the words in the box.
______1. "Do you have something to add?

" ______2. "One of the most important lessons I gained from the discussion is the
value of eating the right food to a healthy lifestyle."
______3. "Pardon? I think we should talk one at a time, so we can clearly
understand what we want to say."
______4. "Proceed with your thoughts. I'll speak when your done with your talking."
______5. "Have you heard the news about the latest progress of our school?
______6. "Hey, how are you doing? I totally missed you!"
______7. "Best regards to you and your husband! See you around!"
______8. "Glad to see you. Anyway, I came to visit you because I want to personally
apologize for what I did yesterday."
______9. "Sorry, I can't talk about it now. I am still busy on my job today. Let's talk
next day over the phone, okay?
" ______10. "Now, it is your turn to ask me questions about my career.
Imaginary Trip…
Directions: Think of a beautiful place in the Philippines that you want to

travel. You will pretend to plan a trip and go there. Choose 3 scenes and
prepare a dialogue to each scene using acceptable, polite and meaningful
communicative strategies. .
Scene 1: While eating in a restaurant, you go over the brochures of the tourist spot
for a possible out of town next weekend. You talk about different information about
the location.
Scene 2: You come to a decision on the final whereabouts of the trip and talk about
matters such as transportation, accommodation, meals, and itinerary.
Scene 3: You are appointed to present the final itinerary to your friends during
your weekly gathering/meeting.
Scene 4: Upon arrival, you talk to the front desk officer of the resort about your
reservation which you did a week ago. You inquire about the meal schedules, their
services, and their facilities that you could enjoy.
Scene 5: You ask a traffic officer or a local resident (on two different instances) for
directions on different local landmarks because the group wants to roam around
the town.
Scene 6: The group needs to eat in the nearest seafood restaurant. After taking all
their orders, you ask the waiter to list the orders. However, some of the food in the
menu are not available so you ask for other food which is affordable and one of
their best sellers.
Scene 7: You still have a day before you go back home, so you decided on what
other things to do since you already have toured the town. Your ideas and
suggestions have generated arguments among your friends, but finally everything is
cleared out and you have reached a certain decision.
PERFORMANCE
Let’s Advertise!
Directions: This time, create a travel Vlog - tourism commercial. Plan and
present a tourism commercial about the place you visited. When you write
your script for the commercial, be mindful of these 10 questions.
Ø Why do tourists visit this place?

Ø What do visitors like to do here?
Ø What to do best for a day trip?
Ø Where should one go for a good night out?
Ø Where can visitors get the best food?
Ø Where can visitors buy their souvenirs? Ø What outdoor activities are famous?
Ø What is amazing about the weather?
Ø What is the best thing to do during the summer?
Ø What do foreigners and local tourists think/say about the travel spot/s?

Types of Speech Acts Speech Act Is An Utterance That The Speaker Intends To Affect His/her

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Types of Speech Acts Speech Act Is An Utterance That The Speaker Intends To Affect His/her

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Types of Speech Acts Speech Act Is An Utterance That The Speaker Intends To Affect His/her

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TYPES OF SPEECH ACTS

Speech Act is an utterance that the speaker intends to affect his/her

Locutionary act is the actual act of uttering or saying something.

Illocutionary act is the social function of what is said.

3. . Perlocutionary act is having the hearer recognize the intention of the

Perlocutionary act refers to the consequent effect of what was said.

Searle’s Classification of Speech Act

In addition, John Searle (1976) a university professor of California, Berkeley has

He’s always telling us that he owns the modernistic house in town.

Your paragraph is good, but the last sentence is too long.

I promise to be careful next time.

What I Have Learned

B. To what classification of illocutionary act do the given examples belong? Choose

1. “No one can sing as Leah does!”

Types of Communicative Strategies

Nomination Speaker carries to establish a topic collaboratively. Basically, when

Restriction It refers to any limitation you may give or create as a speaker. On

Termination Refers to the conversation participants’ close initiating expressions

______1. "Do you have something to add?

Directions: Think of a beautiful place in the Philippines that you want to

Ø Why do tourists visit this place?

You might also like