Professional Documents
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other services for the achievement of some well defined aims through
hand, it is logical, clear cut and streamlined to meet present and future
depends upon the size and type of business handled by it. Generally, in a
small and medium scale travel agency business, one will find a simple
tour operation chains, such as Kuoni, SOTC, Thomas cook, Cox and
organisation has to economies and control its costs and enhance revenues,
employ staff or contract services from outside, and decide how to develop
and promote new product(s) and service(s). In this process, travel agency
and strategies.
VI. Span of control: It refers to the number of people one manager can
supervision etc.
VII. Simple structure: the principle of simple structure indicates that the
structure is designed not for a particular point of time but for a long
organization plays and how each role relates to others through a reporting
and objectives.
would soon surpass the modest number of staff employed in the average-
sized travel agency, In all agencies but the smallest, staff must be
activities or functions as :
Ticketing
Documentations
policies
is not possible
to create a title and position to fit every specialized function. The reality
of tasks ranging from those that require a great deal of experience or skill
counsellor.
chart. The most effective structure will depend upon such variables as
the benefits of the larger agencies. By doing so, agencies are able to pool
increasing competition.
design.
Organizational Growth
over the life cycle of his or her business plan for expansion and growth or
repeating that a larger agency does not necessarily ensure more efficient
In planning for growth, the strategy may include any of the following
staff
agencies
Joining a franchise.
strategies;
Stimulates creativity
departments.
SUMMATION
The organisational structure of a travel agency is the formal or
and duties associated with each role in this network. The network of
chart. But there are many travel agencies, mostly small and medium, in
organisational charts do not exist nor does the role description yet, if one
care of by the travel agent. He is provided with a rail and air ticket, he is
met on arrival, taken to the hotel in a car or coach, provided with hotel
accommodation with meals, sight-seeing with guide, and at the end of his
stay, taken to the airport for his departure. This is how a tourist who has
prepaid his arrangements travels from city to city and from country to
country.
The retail travel agent, obviously sells the tours marketed by the
wholesaler, but it is possible he may have a client who does not want to
buy any of the tours marketed by the wholesaler. Many of these retail
agents are equipped to prepare a tour for such clients according to their
execution, if they themselves are unable to operate it. But there are many
agents who could sell only the tours marketed by the wholesalers and
usually they sell holidays to nearby places as they run their offices with a
The outgoing department deals with the tourists going out of the
The incoming department handles the tourists who come into the
are travel agencies which have only one or both departments. Either they
deal with the outgoing traffic or the incoming traffic. Very few agencies
have both the departments. In the normal travel agency business, there are
India. A few agencies handle only the incoming business and do not deal
with any outgoing traffic. Agencies like Mercury Travels, Orient Express,
business.
The travel agent is one of the most important elements of the travel
requirements.
brochures.
customer's complaints.
customers.
controlled and limited by the state. Such regulations have often been
cases, in particular:
book rooms;
3. For prolonged stays for which the tourist wishes to leave nothing to
4. For taking part in certain types of tourism which are not available
awarded for a fixed period with a fee only to persons with certain
PLANNING OF SIGHT-SEEING
city. There are places of varied interest to different people and travel
agent has to choose the location according to interest of the tourist. There
is of course a general city sight-seeing tour that every tourist likes. Large
majority of the tourists are interested in the antiquity of the country, its
cultural and historical background and the places connected with it.
tourists.
seeing tour should last from TA hours to three hours. During this period a
streets, and areas, having buildings or sites of importance in the life of the
Driving through poor areas should be avoided. All tourists want to see the
not remember the dates, but he would like to know them anyway. Some
tourists are particular about these things and even take down notes. The
sights visited by a tourist lingers for a long time in this memory, as the
human nature is to remember for long what is shown to him rather than
SHOPPING
Banaras and jewellery from Jaipur, ivory carvings, paper mache, art clay,
silk and stoles, printed textiles with Indian motifs and hundreds of other
articles which draw the attention of the tourists. Every tourist must buy
some souvenirs from the country he visits and there is no doubt India
made by hands is so expensive that one cannot afford it. We are fortunate
that the government has revived the handicrafts in India and this has not
only provided livelihood to many workmen, but it has also placed India
on the world tourist map, because Indian handicrafts today are popular all
over the world. The Department of Tourism has brought out a list of
shops in the major cities throughout India and the names printed in it
asks a tourist guide where he could buy this or that, he may most
their shopping in India, that about goods ordered by them had not been
received or what they had ordered was not faithfully supplied. This brings
a bad name to the country as a whole. Only tourist worthy shops most be
recommended. Both the tourist guides as well as those in travel agencies
responsibility to the country and should take full care in this regard.
Travel agency
A travel agency is a private retailer or public service that provides travel
lounge access, arranging logistics for luggage and medical items delivery
for travellers upon request, public transport timetables, car rentals, and
bureau de change services. Travel agencies can also serve as general sales
agents for airlines that do not have offices in a specific region. A travel
They do not keep inventory in-hand unless they have pre-booked hotel
BUSINESS MODEL
Travel agencies often receive commissions and other benefits and
incentives from providers or may charge a fee to the end users.[1] Hotel
travel agencies, whereas airlines typically pay a low commission. [2] The
customer is normally not made aware of how much the travel agent is
travel agents in the United States found that on average 78% of their
revenue was from commissions and 22% was generated from fees.
TRAVEL TECHNOLOGY
and flight rates with multiple companies. [5] Bookings made via travel
or may not have their own booking engine, and instead provide results for
search queries and then divert traffic to service providers or online travel
agencies for booking. Travel agents may also work with airline
consolidators.
TYPES OF AGENCIES
Booking Holdings and Expedia Group, both online travel agencies, are
the largest travel agencies on the list of top earning travel companies.[12]
traditional travel agent may work for a travel agency or work freelance.[13]
[14][15][16]
Helloworld Travel is an example of a franchised travel agency,
giving agents access to internal systems for product and bookings. [17]
niche markets include travelers with disabilities, travelers over the age of
CWT, which caters to corporate travel. Many use remote work to reduce
overhead or provide concierge services. Agents can act as "travel
connect users with travel experts in the country they plan to visit instead
LICENSING
and represented by IATA, and, for those that issue air tickets, the Air
HISTORY
In 1758, Cox & Kings became the first travel agency in modern history.
becoming the world's first agency to open its services to the public.
operating in 2019.
In 1841, Thomas Cook, a Baptist preacher who believed that alcohol was
Cook & Son, which later became The Thomas Cook Group. It filed
In 1871, Dean and Dawson was founded in the United Kingdom and in
Kingdom.
selling railway tickets and helping friends to travel to Europe and beyond.
News spreads and the former printers slowly build a strong side-line in
commercial aviation.
formed what became the China Travel Service, the first travel agency in
China.[41]
The industry suffered during World War II. However, the Post–World
In 1905, Nippon Travel Agency became the first travel agency in Japan.
[43]
In 1929, Intourist was formed as the official state travel agency of the
Soviet Union, with the goal of convincing outsiders to visit the country.[44]
During the Cold War, travel agents were used by people from Western
In 1951, the precursor to Helloworld Travel became one of the first travel
agencies in Australia.
company and the first to take large groups of black tourists to Africa.[46][47]
consumer booking tool for flights, hotels and cars called eAAsySabre.[48]
In 1989, with the liberalization of travel for South Koreans, Mode Tour
With the advent of the internet, travel agencies migrated online and
In 1995, Internet Travel Network sold the first airline ticket via the World
Wide Web.[51]
In October 1996, Expedia.com, funded with hundreds of millions of
At the same time, Cheapflights started as a listing service for flight deals
from consolidators.[48]
in the United States did the same, which led to an unsuccessful lawsuit
alleging collusion among the airlines, that was decided on appeal in 2009.
[53][54]
In 2007, the launch of the iPhone and related mobile apps increased travel
OUTLOOK
According to the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, in 2019, there
were 82,000 people who worked as travel agents for their full-time jobs.
However, job prospects should be best for travel agents who specialize in
salary was $40,660 per year, compared to the median annual wage for all
Several reports show that the number of people using travel agents to
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41.^ Junmian, Zhang (30 October 2011). "Top 10 influential
the Cold War: the history of the Swedish communist travel agency
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49.^ Lee, Youjin (14 January 2019). "Why Are So Many South
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