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Parasitology
PARASITE RESEARCH
GROUP 1
Members:
Aliño Steven
Arichea Cessna
Bonggolan Raxe
Buitre Romeo
Catindig Sherry
Cinense Aira Nicole
Cortez Ezekiel
TOPIC OUTLINE
IODAMOEBA
BUTSCHLII
PROTISTS
naegleria fowleri
NAEGLERIA FOWLERI
NAEGLERIA FOWLERI
Naegleria Fowleri, also called the "brain-eating amoeba"
is an ubiquitous, free living amoeba that thrives on warm
fresh water such as lakes, hot springs, and rivers or
untreated contaminated waters.
Acanthamoeba spp.
Cessna Gail Arichea
ACANTHAMOEBA
SPP.
CYSTIC FORM
Acanthamoeba cysts have a
size range of 13-23 μm
DEFINITIVE INFECTIVE
HOSTS STAGE
viruses MODE OF
yeast
protists and
TRANSMISSION
bacteria
direct contact
** some of which
and droplets
are potential
human pathogens
The trophozoites are the infective forms, although both cysts and
LIFE CYCLE trophozoites gain entry into the body (4) through various means.
DIAGNOSIS
Corneal Scraping
superficial keratectomy, corneal scraping is a
procedure to remove cells from the surface of your
cornea.
SYMPTOMS
Confocal microscopy
Eye pain. This exam uses laser light to create highly detailed images of
every layer in your cornea
Eye redness.
Blurred vision. TREATMENT
Sensitivity to light.
Sensation of something in the eye. Topical antiseptics
Excessive tearing. Antibiotics or antifungal medications
Corneal transplant
Acanthamoeba keratitis is a rare disease that can affect anyone,
but is most common in individuals who wear contact lenses. In the
United States, an estimated 85% of cases occur in contact lens
users.
Cryptosporidium spp.
Cryptosporidium
There are many species of Cryptosporidium that infect animals, some of which
also infect humans.
DISEASE
Cryptosporidiosis is an infection that causes diarrhea. It is caused by a parasite
MORPHOLOGY
Enzyme immunoassay for fecal antigen or molecular probes for parasite DNA
Microscopic examination of stool (special techniques required)
Treatment of Cryptosporidiosis
TAXONOMY:
IT BELONGS TO PHYLUM CILIOPHORA
CLASS: LITOSTOMATEA
ORDER: VESTIBULIFERIDA
FAMILY: BALANTIDIIDAE
HOST
-HUMANS ARE THE PRINCIPLE HOST
-ALSO REPORTED IN DOGS BUT MOST COMMON
IN PIGS AND MONKEYS
BALANTIDIUM
COLI
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION
THE PROTOZOA ARE FOUND WORLDWIDE
-BOLIVIA
-PAPUA NEW GUINEA
-PHILIPPINES
2 DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE
TROPHOZOITE CYST STAGE
STAGE
-IN CARRIERS
-IN DYSENTERIC AND CHRONIC
STOOL CASES
SITE OF INFECTION
-CAECUM
-LARGE INTESTINE
TROPHOZOITE
OVAL POINTED AT ANTERIOR END
50-130 UM LONG
COVERED IN CILIA
NON-INFECTIVE
REPRODUCE BY BINARY FISSION AND
CONJUGATION
MICRONUCLEI AND MACRONUCLEI
CYST
SPHERICAL
40-60 UM ACROSS
COVERED WITH THICK, HARD CYST WALL WITH
CILIA
INFECTIVE
NON-REPRODUCTIVE
MACRONUCLEI
SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
DIARRHEA TREATMENT
COLITIS TETRACYLINE
ABDOMINAL PAIN METRONIDAZOLE
DYSENTERY
ACUTE, EVEN HEMORRHAGIC IODOQUINOL
ULCERATION TO GUT WALL
Risk Factors:
Work with animals
Are exposed to human feces at work,
such as a children's day care
Travel to a country with poor water
sanitation
Sarcocystis species.
•belong to the family Sarcocystidae. Their life cycle differs from the coccidian,
they require two separate hosts for completion: a definitive host (in which the
sexual stage develops, usually a carnivorous predator) and an intermediate
host (often herbivorous prey).
•Sarcocystis hominis and S. suihominis use humans as definitive hosts and are
responsible for intestinal sarcocystosis in the human host. Humans may also
become dead-end hosts for non-human Sarcocystis spp. after the accidental
ingestion of oocysts. Oocyst is oval in shape with a doubled-contoured
appearance to the oocyst wall and multiple polar granules can be seen at one
end of the oocyst.
•Sarcocystis, a protozoan parasite, has an obligatory prey-predator life cycle
with asexual stages developing in the intermediate host (e.g., sheep, goat) and
sexual stages developing in the definitive host (e.g., carnivore).Numerous
sarcocystis species have been described in domestic livestock and wildlife species.
Generally, host specificity is greater for the intermediate host than the
definitive host. While generally nonpathogenic in the definitive host, sarcocystis
species may be pathogenic or nonpathogenic for intermediate hosts
Life Cycle
Hosts
CARNOVOROUS HOST BECOMES INFECTED BY EATING INFECTED FLESH OF THE HERBIVOROUS HOST
(TISSUE OOCYST)
HERBIVOROUS HOST BECOMES INFECTED BY INGESTING OOCYST FROM THE FECES OF THE
CARNIVORPUS HOST
Symptoms
THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF DISEASE THAT CAN OCCUR WHEN INFECTED BY SARCOCYSTIC
PARASITES
DIARRHEA, MILD FEVER, AND VOMITING (INTESTINAL TYPE)
AND THE OTHER ONE IS MUSCLE PAIN, TRANSITORY EDEMA, AND FEVER (MUSCULAR TYPE).
S. CRUZI (BOVICANIS)
BOVI (BOVINAE) CATTLE
CANIS-DOG
CATTLE-DOG CYCLE
S.TENELLA (OVICANIS)
OVI (OVINE) SHEEP
CANIS - DOG
DOG-SHEEP CYCLE
S.HOMINIS (BOVIHOMINIS)
HOMINIS-HUMAN
BOVI (BOVINE) CATTLE
HUMAN-CATTLE CYCLE
S. SUIHOMINIS
SUI (SWINE) PIG
HOMINIS (HUMAN)
HUMAN-PIG CYCLE
ICHODAMOEBA
BUTSCHLII