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Q1W1 Charges SPECSCI10
Q1W1 Charges SPECSCI10
Methods of Electrostatic
Charging
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The electrical shock, hair strands repelling one
another in a van de Graaff generator, and the
production of lightning results from the
movement of electrical charges. This lesson
discusses the nature of electric charge and
how they are transferred from one material to
another.
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How are electrical charges
transferred from one material
to another?
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Learning Competencies
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to do the following:
Benjamin Franklin
carried out famous experiments
involving flying kites during
thunderstorms.
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Electric Charge
JJ Thomson
discovered negatively charged
particles known as electrons
Ernest Rutherford
discovered positively charged
particles known as protons
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Interaction of Charges
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Why can there still be an
attractive force between a
neutral object and a charged
object?
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Interaction of Charges
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Interaction of Charges
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Methods of Charging
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Ionization
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Conservation of Charge
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Conservation of Charge
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Electric Charge
● Charge is quantized
● Every observable amount of
electric charge is always an
integer multiple of this basic
The magnitude of charge unit
of the electron or proton ● The charge on any
is a natural unit of charge macroscopic body is always
zero or an integer multiple
(negative or positive) of the
electron charge.
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Methods of Charging
Net Charge
An object’s net charge is the sum of the number of
electrons and protons.
negatively positively
neutral
charged charged 25
Phet simulation
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Methods of Charging
Charging by
Friction
● Electrons are
transferred
when objects
are rubbed
against one
another.
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What type of charge is
transferred from one material
to another during charging by
friction?
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Between two objects which are
being rubbed, how can you
determine which will become
negatively charged and which
will become positively charged?
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Methods of Charging
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Methods of Charging
Charging by
Conduction
● Also known as
charging by
contact.
● A charged object is
touched to a
conductor.
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Methods of Charging
Charging by
Conduction
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Methods of Charging
Charging by
Conduction
Charge separation
occurs when a
negatively charged rod
is placed near the
sphere.
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Methods of Charging
Charging by
Conduction
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Methods of Charging
Charging by
Conduction
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Methods of Charging
Charging by
Conduction
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Methods of Charging
Charging by Induction
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Methods of Charging
Charging by Induction
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Methods of Charging
Charging by Induction
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Methods of Charging
Charging by Induction
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Methods of Charging
Charging by Induction
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Demonstration
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Demonstration
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Application
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Electroscope
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Challenge Yourself
● Slide 3: Van de Graaff Generator - Science City - Calcutta 1997 016 by Biswarup Ganguly is
licensed under CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons.
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Bibliography
Freedman, Roger A. and Young, Hugh D. Sears and Zemansky's University Physics with Modern
Physics (13th ed). USA: Pearson Education, 2012.
Homer, David and Bowen-Jones, Michael. Physics Oxford IB Diploma Programme. UK: Oxford
University Press, 2014.
Hewitt, Paul G. Conceptual Physics (11th ed). New York: Pearson Education, 2010.
Sang, David, Graham, Jones, et.al. Cambridge International AS and A Level Physics Coursebook.
UK: University Printing House, 2014.
Young, Hugh D., Roger A. Freedman, and A. Lewis Ford. Sears and Zemansky’s University Physics with
Modern Physics (13th ed). USA: Pearson Education, 2012.
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