Equivalent Force Systems
Equivalent Force Systems
Systems
𝐹𝑥 = 𝐹𝑥 𝑖
𝐹𝑦 = 𝐹𝑦 𝑗
F = 𝐹𝑋 𝑖 + 𝐹𝑦 𝑗
Scalar Components
F = 𝐹𝑋 𝑖 + 𝐹𝑦 𝑗
𝐹𝑥 = 𝐹 cos 𝜃
𝐹𝑦 = 𝐹 sin 𝜃
Direction of a Force
∑𝐹𝑦
tan 𝜃 =
∑𝐹𝑥
F² = (𝐹𝑋 )²+ (𝐹𝑦 )²
𝐹𝑥 = 𝐹 cos 𝜃
𝐹𝑦 = 𝐹 sin 𝜃
Addition of forces by summing x and y components
∑𝐹𝑦
F² = (∑𝐹𝑋 )²+ (∑𝐹𝑦 )² tan 𝜃 =
∑𝐹𝑥
Resultant of Forces
Σ Fx = 236.8 N
Σ Fy = 582.8 N
−1 ∑𝐹𝑦 582.8 𝑁
𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 = = 67.9 °
∑𝐹𝑥 236.8 𝑁
Sample Problem
2. Two tugboats are pulling a barge.
If the resultant of the forces exerted
by the tugboats is a 5-kN force
directed along the axis of the barge,
determine the tension in each of the
ropes, given that α = 45°,
𝑇1 𝑇2 5000 𝑙𝑏
= =
sin 45° sin 30° sin 105°
𝑇1 =3600 lb
𝑇2 =2590 lb
Assignment:
1) A steel tank is to be positioned in
an excavation. Knowing that α =
20°, determine by trigonometry (a)
the required magnitude of the
force P if the resultant R of the two
forces applied at A is to be vertical,
(b) the corresponding magnitude
of R.
𝑀𝑜 = 𝐹𝑥 𝑦 − 𝐹𝑦 𝑥
Couples
F · d = F (d + a) – F (a)
Couples
R² = (9035.53) ² + (-9794.59) ²
R = 13325.72 kips
a. Force-Couple System at O.
Sample Problem
Each of the given forces is
resolved into components. The
force-couple system at O
equivalent to their resultant
force R and a couple, the
moment of which is equal to MO
as follows
Mo = 5000 (50’ x cos 60° + 70’ x 3/5 + 0 -70 x cos 45°) + 5000 (-90’ x sin 60°
+ 100’ x 4/5 + 400’ x 1 -300’ x sin 45°)
= 1037.14 kip-ft
b. Single
SampleTugboat.
ProblemThe force
exerted by a single tugboat must
be equal to R, and its point of
application A must be such that
the moment of R about O is
equal to MO:
Mo = Rx (70) + Ry(x)
x = 41.31 ft.
Assignment:
2.) Locate the amount and position of the resultant of the loads
acting on the Fink truss shown in figure.