Object Horizontal Line: Balabhadra Suresh, Amalapuram, Phno-9866845885
Object Horizontal Line: Balabhadra Suresh, Amalapuram, Phno-9866845885
1. The line of sight is the line drawn from the eye of an observer to the point in the object
viewed by the observer.
2. “The line of sight is above the horizontal line and angle between the line of sight
and the horizontal line is called angle of elevation”.
3. “The line of sight is below the horizontal line and angle between the line of sight
and the horizontal line is called angle of depression”.
Object Horizontal line
(ii) A person observes two banks of a river at angles of depression 1 and 2 (1< 𝜃2 )
from the top of a tree of height h which is at a side of the river. The width of the river is
‘d’. P B
𝜃1
Solu: 𝜃2
Height of tree=AB=ℎ ℎ
Width of river=CD=𝑑
𝜃1 𝜃2
C 𝑑 D A
1. A tower stands vertically on the ground. From a point which is 15 meter away from the
foot of the tower, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is 45º. What is the height of
the tower?
Sol: Height of the tower=AB=ℎ 𝑚 B
Observing point=C
ℎ𝑚
AC= 15 m
Angle of elevation=∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 = 450 450
𝐴𝐵 C A
tan 45 = 0 15 𝑚
𝐴𝐶
ℎ
1= ⇒ ℎ = 15
15
The height of the tower=15 m
2. A tree breaks due to storm and the broken part bends so that the top of the tree touches
the ground by making 30º angle with the ground. The distance between the foot of the tree
and the top of the tree on the ground is 6m. Find the height of the tree before falling down.
Sol: Let length of remaining part =AB=𝑦 𝑚 B
Length of broken part=BC=𝑥 𝑚
𝑥𝑚
AC=6m 𝑦𝑚
Angle of elevation=∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 = 300
300
𝐴𝐶 C A
cos 300 = 6𝑚
𝐵𝐶
√3 6 12 12 × √3 12 × √3
= ⇒ 𝑥 × √3 = 6 × 2 ⇒ 𝑥 = = = = 4√3
2 𝑥 √3 √3 × √3 3
𝐴𝐵
tan 300 =
𝐴𝐶
1 𝑦 6 6 × √3 6 × √3
= ⇒ 𝑦 × √3 = 6 × 1 ⇒ 𝑦 = = = = 2√3
√3 6 √3 √3 × √3 3
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 4√3 + 2√3 = 6√3
4. Length of the shadow of a 15 meter high pole is 15 √3 meters at 7 o’clock in the morning.
Then, what is the angle of elevation of the Sun rays with the ground at the time?
B
Sol: Height of the pole=AB=15 m
Length of shadow=AC=15√3𝑚 15 𝑚
Let the angle of elevation =∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 = 𝜃
300
𝐴𝐵 15 1 C A
tan 𝜃 = = = 15√3 𝑚
𝐴𝐶 15√3 √3
⇒ 𝜃 = 300
The angle of elevation of the Sun rays with the ground=300
5. You want to erect a pole of height 10 m with the support of three ropes. Each rope has to
make an angle 30º with the pole. What should be the total length of the rope required.
Sol: Height of pole=AB=10 m
B
Let length of each rope=BC=𝑥 𝑚
𝑥𝑚 300
Angle made by the rope with the pole=300 10 𝑚
𝐴𝐵
cos 300 =
𝐵𝐶
C A
√3 10 20
= ⇒ √3 × 𝑥 = 2 × 10 ⇒ 𝑥 =
2 𝑥 √3
20
The length of each rope= 𝑚
√3
0
𝐴𝐵 600
sin 60 = C A
𝐵𝐶 𝑑𝑚
√3 7.2
=
2 𝑥
7.2 × 2 7.2 × 2 √3 7.2 × 2 × √3
⇒𝑥= = × = = 2.4 × 2 × √3 = 4.8√3 𝑚
√3 √3 √3 3
𝐴𝐵
tan 600 =
𝐴𝐶
0
𝐵𝐸 450
tan 45 = D E
𝐷𝐸 13.2 𝑚
𝑥 1.8 𝑚 1.8 𝑚
1=
13.2
⇒ 𝑥 = 13.2 C 13.2 𝑚 A
The height of the palm tree=AB=𝑥 + 1.8 = 13.2 + 1.8 = 15 𝑚
10. In the adjacent figure, AC = 6 cm, AB = 5 cm and BAC = 30º. Find the area of the triangle.
Sol: Let 𝐵𝐷 ⊥ 𝐴𝐶
B
𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 ∆𝐴𝐷𝐵
𝐵𝐷 5𝑚
sin 300 =
𝐴𝐵
1 𝐵𝐷 300
= A
2 5 6𝑚 D C
5
𝐵𝐷 = 𝑚
2
Ex: Suppose you are observing the top of the palm tree at an angle of elevation 45º. The angle
of elevation changes to 30º when you move 11 m away from the tree. Find height of the tree.
Sol: Let the height of the tree=CD=ℎ 𝑚 , 𝐵𝐶 = 𝑥 𝑚. D
Observer places=A,B
𝐴𝐵 = 11𝑚 , 𝐴𝐶 = (𝑥 + 11)𝑚
ℎ𝑚
𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 ∆𝐵𝐶𝐷
𝐶𝐷
300 450
tan 450 = A B 𝑥𝑚 C
𝐵𝐶 11 𝑚
ℎ
1 = ⇒ 𝑥 = ℎ → (1)
𝑥
𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 ∆𝐴𝐶𝐷
𝐶𝐷
tan 300 =
𝐴𝐶
1 ℎ
=
√3 11 + 𝑥
1 ℎ
⇒ = (𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 (1) 𝑥 = ℎ)
√3 11 + ℎ
⇒ √3ℎ = 11 + ℎ
⇒ √3ℎ − ℎ = 11
⇒ ℎ(√3 − 1) = 11
11
⇒ℎ=
√3 − 1
11
𝑇ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑚 𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑒 = 𝑚
√3 − 1
Example-6. Two men on either side of a temple of 30 meter height observe its top at the angles
of elevation 30º and 60º respectively. Find the distance between the two men.
B
Sol: Height of the temple=BD=30 m
Observers places=A,C
30 𝑚
∠𝐵𝐴𝐷 = 300 , ∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 600
Let 𝐴𝐷 = 𝑥 𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶𝐷 = 𝑑 𝑚 300 600
A
𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 ∆𝐵𝐴𝐷 𝑥𝑚 D 𝑑𝑚 C
1. A TV tower stands vertically on the side of a road. From a point on the other side directly
opposite to the tower, the angle of elevation of the top of tower is 60 0 . From another point
10 m away from this point, on the line joining this point to the foot of the tower, the angle
of elevation of the top of the tower is 30º. Find the height of the tower and the width of the
road. D
Sol: Let the height of the tower=CD=ℎ 𝑚
Width of the road=𝑥 𝑚
ℎ𝑚
Observation points=A,B
𝐴𝐵 = 10 𝑚, 𝐴𝐶 = (10 + 𝑥)𝑚 300 600
𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 ∆𝐵𝐶𝐷 A 10 𝑚 B 𝑥𝑚 C
𝐶𝐷
tan 600 =
𝐵𝐶
ℎ
√3 = ⇒ ℎ = √3𝑥 → (1)
𝑥
𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 ∆𝐴𝐶𝐷
𝐶𝐷
tan 300 =
𝐴𝐶
1 ℎ 10 + 𝑥
= ⇒ℎ= → (2 )
√3 10 + 𝑥 √3
From (1) & (2)
10 + 𝑥
√3𝑥 =
√3
√3 × √3𝑥 = 10 + 𝑥
3. A statue stands on the top of a 2m tall pedestal. From a point on the ground, the angle of
elevation of the top of the statue is 60ºand from the same point, the angle of elevation of
the top of the pedestal is 45º. Find the height of the statue.
√3 =
1500 √3 𝑚
𝑥
𝑥 = 1500
600
𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 ∆𝐴𝐶𝐷
300
𝐶𝐷
tan 300 = A 𝑥𝑚 E C
𝐴𝐶 𝑑𝑚
1 1500√3
=
√3 𝑥+𝑑
𝑥 + 𝑑 = 1500√3 × √3 = 1500 × 3 = 4500
1500 + 𝑑 = 4500 ⟹ 𝑑 = 3000
The jet plane travels a distance of 3000 m in 15 seconds
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 3000
𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑗𝑒𝑡 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒 = = = 200 𝑚/𝑠
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 15