Scientific Classification For Banana
Scientific Classification For Banana
Scientific Classification For Banana
Plant morphology is defined as "the study of the development, shape, and structure of plants, as well as
an attempt to interpret these on the basis of plan and origin similarities." Plant morphology is divided
into four key areas of study, each of which intersects with another subject of biology.
d) Anatomy of plants
The study of the tissue and cell structure of plant organs is known as plant anatomy. When it comes to
plants, anatomy refers to features that can be seen under a high-powered light microscope or an
electron microscope.
c) Physiology of plants
Plant physiology is the study of plant function and behaviour, encompassing all the dynamic processes of
growth, metabolism, reproduction, defence, and communication that account for plants being alive
KINGDOM: Plantae
PHYLUM - DIVISION: Magnoliophyta
CLASS: Liliopsida
ORDER: Zingiberales
FAMILY: Musaceae
GENUS: Musa L
SPECIES: Musa X paradisiaca L. (pro sp.)
Scientific classification for tomato:
KINGDOM: Plantae
PHYLUM - DIVISION: Magnoliophyta
CLASS: Magnoliopsida
ORDER: Solanales
FAMILY: Solanaceae
GENUS: Solanum
SPECIES: S. lycopersicum
Cuttings (cucumber, broccoli, pumpkin, tomatoes, etc.) and seed (cucumber, broccoli, pumpkin,
tomatoes, etc.) are examples of propagation procedures (grapevine, roses, fig) - Detached stems, roots,
or leaves from a plant that are utilised to propagate new plants
Layering (litchi, magnolia, rhododendron) - a method of rooting cuttings in which adventitious roots are
established on a stem while the plant is still connected.
Tissue cultured plants (African violets, strawberry) - Growing plants from tiny fragments of plant tissue
in a sterile lab environment.
dividing or dividing
Shoot lengths are cut from rhizomes (ginger)
grafting is the process of joining two or more plants together. Fitting two live pieces of plant tissue
together so that they can link and develop as one plant
blossoming
In vegetative propagation new plants are produced from different vegetative parts such as leaves, stems
and roots. Flower is the reproductive part of a plant. A flower may be unisexual with either the male or the
female reproductive parts.
Although budding is a relatively modern horticultural technique, grafting is a centuries-old practise that is
being used today.
Correspondence:
Scion:
Another distinction between budding and grafting is that in blossoming, the scion is a bud, but in grafting,
the scion is a component of the stem.
Growth Period:
Also, budding is done during the active growing season of the stock while grafting is done when the stock is
dormant in the winter and early spring.
Types:
T-bud, inverted T-bud, patch bud, chip bud, I-bud, forkert bud, flute bud, ring/annular bud, etc. are several
types of budding while cleft graft, bark graft, whip graft, side-veneer graft, splice graft, saddle graft, bridge
graft, inarch graft, etc. are several types of grafting.
Importance:
Moreover, budding is mainly used in fruits, ornamental trees, and nut trees while grafting is mainly used to
increase the quality of the fruit, flower or leaves.
example of grafting:
apricot, avocado, cherry, citrus, kiwi, mulberry, nectarine, peach, pear, plum.
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PROPAGATING MATERIAL – seeds, all plant material or vegetative parts of plants intended for the
propagation and production of specific variety plants.
higher value plants than is possible with sexual Cost which exceeds that for sexual propagation.
reproduction
no variation in genotype ,achieve desired Skilled workers
characteristics (exact clone)
Shorter time to flower Timing is important- time of the year
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The fertilisation (sexual union) of the male and female portions of the flower produces a seed, which is a
sexual reproductive unit in a plant.
Asexual:
A portion of stem, leaf, or root from an existing plant is treated so that it can generate a new plant.
Stratification: Certain seeds must be exposed to cold temperatures prior to germination, which can be
accomplished under moist-chilling conditions (stratification)
Dry seeds are steeped in water for up to 24 hours before being used.
Scarification:
a method of mechanically scratching the seed coat or a technique of mechanically scratching the seed
coat or a method of mechanically scratching the
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Seed priming is a technique in which seeds are soaked (hydrated) in a solution and then re-dried, which
allows germination to take place but not sprouting. Primed seeds are most frequently used for direct field
planting, which usually enables more efficient germination of seeds.
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Germination is highly influenced by seed weight. Seeds with a high weight will germinate faster and
provide better results, but seeds with a lower weight will not produce the same outcomes as a high
weight seed.
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The most commonly used tissue explants are the meristematic ends of the plants like the stem tip,
axillary bud tip and root tip.
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Plant tags provide a wealth of information on the plant, including how to cultivate it, its size, colour, and
when it will blossom.
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Growth Speed: It is faster than starting from scratch, saving much more time, money, and space. Repair:
Grafting allows you to fix existing plants or trees that have been damaged. Pollination: Some fruit trees
require cross-pollination with another fruit tree in order to produce fruit.
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A faster and more reliable method for propagation of ornamental grasses is through division. Many
perennial plants benefit from division. You simply dig up the plant when it is going dormant and cut it into
two or more sections with healthy roots and leaves.
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Propagation by stem cuttings is the most commonly used method to propagate many woody ornamental
plants. Stem cuttings of many favourite shrubs are quite easy to root. Typically, stem cuttings of tree
species are more difficult to root.
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Cambium - a layer of actively dividing cells found within stems and roots.
cambium, plural Cambiums, or Cambia, in plants, layer of actively dividing cells between xylem (wood) and
phloem (bast) tissues that is responsible for the secondary growth of stems and roots (secondary growth
occurs after the first season and results in increase in thickness).
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Weeds near propagation sites can provide a breeding ground for pests and illnesses, as well as a hiding
spot for them.
Debris and inadequate maintenance can result in the following: Areas where pests and disease can
thrive
Pest and disease organisms are transported by humans and vehicles, particularly on items such as
muddy boots, yellow clothes, tractors, and equipment.
Management techniques:
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physical
biological
chemical
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SOIL IN POTS PROBLEMS: • The soil may get heavy and saturated • The water may lie on top of the soil
(moss and liverworts)
• Difficult to duplicate
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All potting mixes are not same. The amount of water, air and nutrients in potting mixes can be deliberately
varied.
Smaller particles fit closer together and produce smaller pores. Smaller pores hold more
water
Larger particles are further apart and produce larger pores. Larger pores hold more air
i. What are possible components of a potting mix?
• Solid particles
• Air
• Water
• Fertilizer.
Potting mixes are combinations of ingredients that contribute to those goals. These are
typically soil, sand, compost, coir, pine bark, sphagnum peat, perlite and vermiculite.
Different types of potting soils contain different ingredients. Most potting soils are a combination of pine bark, peat
moss, perlite and vermiculite. Most are sterilized to kill microorganisms that might cause plant diseases
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The components of a potting mix provide the necessary physical and chemical characteristics.
i. How does The Australian standard classify and mark potting mixes?
Potting mixes are classified under the Standard as premium and regular mixes
ii. List the potting media properties as specified by The Australian Standard.
The Australian Standards (AS3743 -2003) determines the physical and chemical properties of
classified potting media.
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RISK
Inhaling dust and/or liquid mists can irritate, inflame, or sensitise the nose, throat, and lungs, causing
symptoms ranging from hay fever to asthma to pneumonia (e.g. Legionnaire's disease) and pneumonia-
like disorders.
Skin irritation may result from direct contact with this substance, its dust, and/or liquid mists (bio-
aerosols) (dermatitis),
and inflammation or infection of the skin or eyes Those who suffer from asthma or allergies are
particularly vulnerable, as are children.
SAFETY:
Wear suitable protective clothing and standard duty gloves (AS/NZS 2161.2).
If exposed to dust and/or liquid mists, also wear dust resistant eye protection (AS/NZS 1336) and
particulate respirator (AS/NZS 1715 and 1716).
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Potting mix is known to carry harmful bacteria and fungi. And there have been reports of deaths from
diseases, such as the Legionnaires' disease (a lung infection), that have been attributed to bacteria in
potting mix. Many bacteria and fungi that can cause infections in people live in soil and water.
FIRST AID:
Seek medical attention for any persistent skin, eye or respiratory symptoms.
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight and moisture. Store in suitable, labelled
containers. Keep containers tightly closed. Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs. Ensure
that storage conditions comply with applicable local and national regulations.
f) What, if any, are the recommended transport requirements for this product by road as stated on the
SDS.
Not classified as Dangerous Goods according to the Australian Code for the Transport of Dangerous Goods
by Road and Rail (ADG Code) (7th edition).
appearance of each Info safe SDS displayed is the intellectual property of Chemical Safety
h) What is the dangerous goods class for these potting mixes?
Not classified as Hazardous according to the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of
Chemicals (GHS) including Work, Health and Safety Regulations, Australia. Not classified as Dangerous
Goods according to the Australian Code for the Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road and Rail. (7 th
edition)
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• total water holding capacity • air-filled porosity (AFP) • porous enough to allow for proper draining
• easily replicable
• insects
• pests
• weeds
• unwelcome organisms
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• Nitrogen drawdown occurs when microorganisms deplete available nitrogen from the mix.
• Microorganisms extract nitrogen from the soil, reducing the amount of nitrogen accessible to plants.
• When the organic components of a potting mix are not decomposed adequately, nitrogen drawdown
develops.
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An increase in toxins in the mix can be caused by insufficient composting of organic components.