Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence
Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence
2. Separation Anxi- - Excessive, enduring fear in some children that harm will
ety Disorder come to them or their parents while they are apart
- Begins as early as preschool and is displayed by 4% of
all children
8. Childhood Major - Very young children lack some of the cognitive skills that
Depressive Dis- help produce clinical depression, so low rate among very
orders young
- Characterized by headaches, stomach pain, irritability,
and disinterest in toys and games
- More common in adolescents
- Girls 2x as likely
9.
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Chapter 14: Disorders Of Childhood and Adolescence
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Childhood Bipo- - 7 percent of child patients meet criteria for childhood
lar Disorder bipolar disorder.
- Bipolar shows itself as early as 5 years old.
- Involve irritability, distractability and hyperactivity.
- Best indicator of bipolar would be the indication of MA-
NIA.
- Severe irritable mood in bipolar. low irritability in ADHA.
- Response to medication.
10. Oppositional De- - recurrent pattern of negativistic, defiant and hostile be-
fiant Disorder haviors toward authority figures. Loses temper, argues
with adults, actively defies or challenges the rules or
requests of adults, deliberately annoys people, blames
others for their mistakes
15.
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Chapter 14: Disorders Of Childhood and Adolescence
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Covert-Nonde- - individuals secretly commit nonaggressive behaviors,
structive Pattern such as being truant from school
17. Treatment for - Medication is only indicated if the child or adolescent has
Conduct Disor- other Axis I disorders.
der - Treatment is difficult and long term. Treatment must in-
volve behavior therapy and psychotherapy.
- Parents need training on how to help their child manage
this disorder as well.
24. Multicultural Fac- -African American, Hispanic American children with atten-
tors and ADHD tion/hyperactivity problems less likely to be assessed for
ADHD. Less likely to be treated with stimulant drugs. Less
likely to receive the long-acting stimulant drugs.
-Tied to economic factors, racial differences in diagno-
sis/treatment/social bias/racial stereotyping
27. Bell and Battery - in this example of classical conditioning, a bell and a
Technique battery are wired to a pad, which is sensitive to even a
single drop of urine waking the child up with the ringing of
the bell when he or she starts to wet the bed
28. Dry Bed Training - children receive training in cleanliness and retention con-
trol, are awakened periodically during the night, practice
going to the bathroom, and are appropriately rewarded
34. Rule Boys - Asperger's Disorder patients who need to have a set of
rules to live by and are extremely stubborn and anxious
about these rules
35. Logic Boys - Asperger's Disorder patients who are interested in the
REASONS behind the rules. The question everything as
well as others' reasoning. They are often overanalytical
36. Emotion Boys - Asperger's Disorder patients who are run by their feel-
ings. They have more tantrums than the other types. They
are hard to be swayed by rules or reason, and they act out
37.
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Chapter 14: Disorders Of Childhood and Adolescence
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Causes of Per- -cognitive limitations and brain abnormalities are the pri-
vasive Develop- mary causes of the disorder
mental Disorders -sociocultural causes= high degree of social and environ-
mental stress, family dysfunction
-psychological causes= have a central perceptual or cog-
nitive disturbance. early bio problems prevented proper
cog development (mirror neurons)
-biological causes= genetic factor, prenatal difficulties,
birth complications, abnormalities in cerebellum
- Failure to develop theory of mind
38. Theory of Mind - an awareness that other people's behavior may be in-
fluenced by beliefs, desires, and emotions that differ from
one's own
39. Cerebellum - part of the lower brain located behind the pons that
controls and coordinates involuntary, rapid, fine motor
movement
- Perhaps helps control a person's ability to shift attention
rapidly
42. IQ test
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Chapter 14: Disorders Of Childhood and Adolescence
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- A test designed to measure intellectual aptitude, or
ability to learn in school. Originally, intelligence was de-
fined as mental age divided by chronological age, times
100—hence the term intelligence quotient, or IQ.
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Chapter 14: Disorders Of Childhood and Adolescence
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48. Causes of Retar- -Primary = Biological
dation -fetal attack
-trauma or physical attacks
-metabolic or nutritional disorders
-postnatal gross brain disease
-prenatal diseases or conditions of unknown origin
-chromosomal abnormality
-other perinatal/gestational conditions
-presence of psychiatric disorders
-environmental influences
49. Down Syndrome - A human genetic disease resulting from having an extra
chromosome 21, characterized by mental retardation and
heart and respiratory defects.
- 1 out of 1000 live births
56. Normalization the belief that people with disabilities should be physically
and socially integrated into the mainstream of society
regardless of the degree or type of disability
57. Special Educa- Programs that address the needs of students with mental,
tion emotional, or physical disabilities.
61. Sheltered Work- A protected and supervised workplace that offers job op-
shops portunities and training at a pace and level tailored to
people with various psychological disabilities. Many with
moderate or mild retardation move on to hold regular jobs.
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