Week 1 - Module 1 - Introduction To Information and Communication Technology
Week 1 - Module 1 - Introduction To Information and Communication Technology
Week 1 - Module 1 - Introduction To Information and Communication Technology
Technology
What is ICT?
During last decade of twentieth century there was extraordinary
development in information and communication technology (ICT) which led
to a transmutation of processes and practices in almost all aspects of
human activities. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are
the technologies used in the conveying, manipulation and storage of data
by electronic means.
Nature, Characteristics and Merits of Information and communication
technology ( ICT )
• Information received through ICT is believable and exact.
• Information and Communication Technology can update and resend
information quickly whenever there is any change or addition.
• Implementation of actions becomes very fast when information is passed
via Information and Communication Technology.
• Telephonic communication, video-audio conferencing is oral and in real
time so immediate decision-making is possible.
• Communication between a sender and receiver becomes very easy in any
part of the world.
• Digital messages can be stored and used as proofs and for references.
• Communication has become cheaper due to advancements in ICT.
Need and Importance of Information and communication technology ( ICT )
Due to globalization, and the World Wide Web, our world has shrunk.
Exchange of information, ideas, views, etc. have become the key-factors
for living in this modern world. Times are changing rapidly and those who
do not keep pace with the changing times, are left far behind. Information
and Communication Technology has made the world accessible on our
fingertips. Newspapers, televisions, radios, computers – we have become
to them and cannot live without these tools of ICT.
• In the past, it took a long time for any news or messages to be send.
Now with the internet, news or messages are sent via
• e-mail to friends, business partner or anyone efficiently.
• with the capability of bandwidth, broadband and connection speed on
the internet, any information can travel fast at an
instant. It saves time and is inexpensive.
• ICT technology has created the term paperless environment. This term
means information can be stored and retrieved
through the digital medium instead of paper. Online communication via
email, online chat and instant messages also
helps in creating the paperless environment.
• A computer may harm the user if they use it if they use it for a long
hours frequently.
• Computers users are also exposed to bad posture, eyestrain, physical
and mental stress.
• In order to solve the health problems, an ergonomic chair can reduced
back strain and a screen filter is to minimize eyestrain.
Module 2:
DATA VS INFORMATION
Defining Data Now, if we talk about data mainly in the field of science,
then the answer to “what is data” will be that data is different types of
information that usually is formatted in a particular manner. All the
software is divided into two major categories, and those are programs
and data. Programs are the collection made of instructions that are used
to manipulate data. Types and Uses of Data The term Big Data is used
in the data definition to describe the data that is in the petabyte range or
higher. Big Data is also described as 5Vs: variety, volume, value,
veracity, and velocity. Nowadays, web-based eCommerce has spread
vastly, business models based on Big Data have evolved, and they treat
data as an asset itself. And there are many benefits of Big Data as well,
such as reduced costs, enhanced efficiency, enhanced sales, etc. The
meaning of data expands beyond the processing of data in computing
applications. When it comes to what data science is, a body made of
facts is called data science. Accordingly, finance, demographics, health,
and marketing.
What is Data?
The terms “data” and “information” are often used interchangeably, but
they actually aren’t the same. There are subtle differences between
these components and their purpose. Data is defined as individual facts,
while information is the organization and interpretation of those facts.
7 Types of Information:
1. Factual
2. Conceptual
3. Procedural
4. Emotional
5. Behavioural
6. Attitudinal
7. Motivational
Factual
Factual information is information that can be proven to be true. It can be
verified by looking at evidence or using a scientific method. Facts are also
referred to as “verifiable facts” or “data.”
Conceptual
Conceptual information refers to the mental models and mental
representations that people use to understand the world around them. This
includes both the knowledge that people have about the world and the way
that they think about that knowledge.
Procedural
Procedural information is a type of information that provides a stepby-step
guide on how to do something. It can be presented in a number of different
formats, including written instructions, diagrams, and videos.
Emotional
Emotional information is any type of information that can provoke an
emotional reaction in a person. This can include anything from words and
phrases to images and videos. Emotional information can be positive or
negative, and it can be used to influence a person’s mood and behavior.
Behavioral
Behavioral information is defined as data that captures how individuals
interact with technology. This can include data such as website clicks, app
usage, and social media interactions.
Attitudinal
Attitudinal information is information about people’s attitudes, beliefs, and
values.
Motivational
Motivational information is information that is designed to motivate
someone to do something. This can include things like inspirational quotes,
stories of people who have overcome adversity, or tips for setting and
achieving goals.
The Key Differences Between Data vs Information
Data is raw, unorganized facts that need to be processed. Data can be
something simple and seemingly random and useless until it is organized.
Information – when data is processed, organized, structured or presented
in a given context so as to make it useful, it is called information.
Summary The flow from data to information and knowledge is not uni-
directional. The knowledge gained may reveal redundancies or gaps in the
data collected. As a result, an actionable insight may be to change the data
collected, or how those data are converted into information, to better meet
user needs.
Emerging technology is a term generally used to describe a new
technology, but it may also refer to the continuing development of an
existing technology; it can have slightly different meaning when used in
different areas, such as media, business, science, or education. The term
commonly refers to technologies that are currently developing, or that are
expected to be available within the next five to ten years, and is usually
reserved for technologies that are creating, or are expected to create,
significant social or economic effects.
Emerging digital technologies have generated new opportunities while
creating new legal challenges, particularly related to copyrights,
trademarks, patents, royalties, and licensing. For example, the
development of new digital communication technologies and media has
given rise to novel issues relating to the digital reproduction and distribution
of copyrighted works. The federal government, affected industries, and
groups advocating for the public interest have taken (and continue to take)
action to craft appropriate protections and offer legal certainty to copyright
owners, digital technology companies, the public, and other interested
parties.
Industrial Revolution
Data is regarded as the new oil and strategic asset since we are living in
the age of big data, and drives or even determines the future of science,
technology, the economy, and possibly everything in our world today and
tomorrow. Data have not only triggered tremendous hype and buzz but
ser interfaces in HMI are the places where or actions by which the
user engages with the machine. A system can be operated by means of
buttons, a mouse, touch screens, voice or gesture, for instance.
Wearables in Healthcare
Just mentioned within IoT innovation – wearables or wearable
technology is a group of electronic devices that can be worn as an
accessory, implanted in the user’s body, incorporated in clothing or even
tattooed on the skin. But we will not talk about wearables as a gadget but
as important innovation in the healthcare industry.
Security:
Hospitals and other medical facilities adhere to strict security standards,
patient privacy requirements and compliance guidelines. Healthcare
organizations, especially large healthcare networks, are often faced with
managing security for many different facilities, as well as large repositories
of data.
Adoption:
Adopting a new IoT framework is one of the biggest IoT challenges in
healthcare. Moving a whole facility over to a new system and procedures
can take time, and the initial cost of investment and installation can be a
barrier, especially for smaller healthcare facilities and rural clinics.
Integration:
With so many potential types of devices and protocols, integration can
seem daunting. In order to get the maximum impact of IoT in healthcare,
devices need to be seamlessly connected and simple to automate and
control. IoT in medical care falls short if it’s not all connected to a robust IoT
platform.
Data:
Hospitals and other medical facilities adhere to strict security standards,
patient privacy requirements and compliance guidelines. Healthcare
organizations, especially large healthcare networks, are often faced with
managing security for many different facilities, as well as large repositories
of data.
What effects will IoT have on the future of healthcare?
As IoT in healthcare grows and IoMT devices continue to evolve, we will
see healthcare facilities become more advanced, offering better patient
outcomes, better experiences for patients and visitors, and improved work
environments for physicians.
Summary
IoT changes the way the facilities are delivered to the healthcare industry.
These technologies improve the product, causing a larger effect by bringing
together minor changes. This new technology is empowering users to
make more informed, data-based decisions about our shared resources.
Whether those users live in a crowded city or on a remote farm, the Internet
of Things can connect them to a better future.