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pr2 Chapter3
pr2 Chapter3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter explains the methodology which was employed during the study. In
this chapter explains how necessary data and information to address the research design,
the respondents, instrument, data gathering procedure, pre-survey and final survey,
sampling method, data collection and data analysis, and statistical treatment. It also gives
details about the population and sampling techniques used for the research.
Research Design
According to Raimo Steefkerk (2019), Graphs and numbers are used to represent
quantitative research. It is used to validate or put to the test beliefs and presumptions. A
topic's generalizable facts can be established through this kind of study. Experiments,
observations that are quantified, and surveys with closed-ended questions are examples of
variable bias, sample bias, or selection bias can affect quantitative research.
them. A correlation reflects the strength and/or direction of the relationship between two
The researchers used correlational to conduct this study in order to determine if there is a
relationship between 21st century factors and student’s academic performance that might
have affect them. Correlational research will help us to recognize how many of those 21st
Sampling Method
The research involves a simple random sampling method where the researchers
choose Senior High School Students all strand of Sti San Pablo as the participants of the
selected subset of a population. In this sampling method, each member of the population
has an exactly equal chance of being selected.This method is the most straightforward of
all the probability sampling methods, since it only involves a single random selection and
requires little advanced knowledge about the population. Because it uses randomization,
any research performed on this sample should have high internal and external validity.
Researchers often start with a simple random sample. This allows them to
approximate a response from the entire group.This research method has both benefits and
drawbacks. We highlight these pros and cons in this article, along with an overview of
survey and the 95% confidence level and 519 represents the sample.
individuals who complete a survey or interview for the researcher, or who provide data to
be analyzed for the research study. Respondents can be any age, but determined by the
This research used a Simple Random Sampling, the selected respondent of this
study are Senior High School Students from STI Collage San Pablo, there are a total of
546 Senior High School Students from Sti Collage San Pablo, and a sample of 519, We
get our Sample by multiplying 546 students and the confidence level of 95%.
Research Instrument
measure, and analyze data from subjects around the research topic. You need to decide
the instrument to use base on the type of study you are conducting quantitative,
qualitative, or mixed method. Good research instrument aims to the objectives of the
study and to its research question. It is also used to disapprove or prove the hypothesis of
of grades
Critical thinking
Communication
Social Skills
Creativity
The researchers performed a data gathering exercise to make sure the appropriate
accomplishment of the survey. First, the researchers will create an approval letter from
the adviser, principal, and registrar for their pre-survey. After the researcher got the result
for their pre-survey, they will ask again for the approval to conduct a study. The
researchers will create a questionnaire and ask the expert to validate it. After that, the
researchers will seek for the consent of their respondents in participating in this research.
The researchers will gather and tally the data from the survey for statistical treatment.
Statistical Treatment
The gathered data was tallied, quantified, and it will undergo proper statistical
measures. The study used the mean, population mean, standard deviation, likert scale.
Below is the range and interpretation of the 4-point Likert Scale by the researchers.
3 2.50-3.24 Agree
2 1.75-2.49 Disagree
The Likert Scale was used to interpret the data given by the respondents. This is
performance for senior high school students in STI College San Pablo.
variable.
where:
= sum of x-values
= sum of y-values
Mean. The average or the most common value in a collection of numbers. The
= mean
N = total frequency
= sum of the products of mid - interval values and their corresponding frequency
Population Mean. The average of group characteristic. The formula was:
= mean
Where:
f is the frequency
x1 is the mean