5000 Collegiate Words With Brief Definitions - Amass An Ivy League Vocabulary!

5000 Collegiate Words with Brief Definitions – Amass an Ivy League Vocabulary!
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abase v. To lower in position, estimation, or the like; degrade.

accredit v. To give credit or authority to.
abbess n. The lady superior of a nunnery.
accumulate v. To become greater in quantity or number.
abbey n. The group of buildings which collectively form the dwelling-place of a society of monks
accuracy n. Exactness.
or nuns.
accurate adj. Conforming exactly to truth or to a standard.
abbot n. The superior of a community of monks.
accursed adj. Doomed to evil, misery, or misfortune. accusation
abdicate v. To give up (royal power or the like).
n. A charge of crime, misdemeanor, or error. accusatory adj. Of,
abdomen n. In mammals, the visceral cavity between the diaphragm and the pelvic floor; the
pertaining to, or involving an accusation. accuse v. To charge
belly.
with wrong doing, misconduct, or error. accustom v. To make
abdominal n. Of, pertaining to, or situated on the abdomen. abduction n.
familiar by use.
A carrying away of a person against his will, or illegally. abed adv. In bed;
acerbity n. Sourness, with bitterness and astringency.
on a bed.
acetate n. A salt of acetic acid.
aberration n. Deviation from a right, customary, or prescribed course. abet v.
acetic adj. Of, pertaining to, or of the nature of vinegar.
To aid, promote, or encourage the commission of (an offense). abeyance n. A
ache v. To be in pain or distress.
state of suspension or temporary inaction.
Achillean adj. Invulnerable.
abhorrence n. The act of detesting extremely.
achromatic adj. Colorless,
abhorrent adj. Very repugnant; hateful.
acid n. A sour substance.
abidance n. An abiding.
acidify v. To change into acid.
abject adj. Sunk to a low condition.
acknowledge v. To recognize; to admit the genuineness or validity of.
abjure v. To recant, renounce, repudiate under oath.
acknowledgment n. Recognition.
able-bodied adj. Competent for physical service.
acme n. The highest point, or summit.
ablution n. A washing or cleansing, especially of the body.
acoustic adj. Pertaining to the act or sense of hearing.
abnegate v. To renounce (a right or privilege).
acquaint v. To make familiar or conversant. acquiesce
abnormal adj. Not conformed to the ordinary rule or standard.
v. To comply; submit.
abominable adj. Very hateful.
acquiescence n. Passive consent.
abominate v. To hate violently.
acquire v. To get as one's own.
abomination n. A very detestable act or practice.
acquisition n. Anything gained, or made one's own, usually by effort or labor.
aboriginal adj. Primitive; unsophisticated.
acquit v. To free or clear, as from accusation.
aborigines n. The original of earliest known inhabitants of a country.
acquittal n. A discharge from accusation by judicial action.
aboveboard adv. & adj. Without concealment, fraud, or trickery. abrade
acquittance n. Release or discharge from indebtedness, obligation, or responsibility.
v. To wear away the surface or some part of by friction. abrasion n. That
acreage n. Quantity or extent of land, especially of cultivated land.
which is rubbed off.
acrid adj. Harshly pungent or bitter.
abridge v. To make shorter in words, keeping the essential features, leaning out minor particles.
acrimonious adj. Full of bitterness.
abridgment n. A condensed form as of a book or play.
acrimony n. Sharpness or bitterness of speech or temper.
abrogate v. To abolish, repeal.
actionable adj. Affording cause for instituting an action, as trespass, slanderous words.
abrupt adj. Beginning, ending, or changing suddenly or with a break.
actuality n. Any reality.
abscess n. A Collection of pus in a cavity formed within some tissue of the body.
actuary n. An officer, as of an insurance company, who calculates and states the risks and premiums.
abscission n. The act of cutting off, as in a surgical operation.
actuate v. To move or incite to action.
abscond v. To depart suddenly and secretly, as for the purpose of escaping arrest.
acumen n. Quickness of intellectual insight, or discernment; keenness of discrimination.
absence n. The fact of not being present or available.
acute adj. Having fine and penetrating discernment.
absent-minded adj. Lacking in attention to immediate surroundings or business.
adamant n. Any substance of exceeding hardness or impenetrability.
absolution n. Forgiveness, or passing over of offenses.
addendum n. Something added, or to be added. addle v.
absolve v. To free from sin or its penalties.
To make inefficient or worthless; muddle. adduce v. To
absorb v. To drink in or suck up, as a sponge absorbs water.
absorption n. The act or process of absorbing. bring forward or name for consideration. adhere v. To stick
abstain v. To keep oneself back (from doing or using something). fast or together.
adherence n. Attachment.
abstemious adj. Characterized by self denial or abstinence, as in the use of drink, food.
adherent adj. Clinging or sticking fast.
abstinence n. Self denial.
adhesion n. The state of being attached or joined.
abstruse adj. Dealing with matters difficult to be understood. absurd
adieu inter. Good-by; farewell.
adj. Inconsistent with reason or common sense. abundant adj.
adjacency n. The state of being adjacent. adjacent n.
Plentiful.
That which is near or bordering upon. adjudge v. To
abusive adj. Employing harsh words or ill treatment.
award or bestow by formal decision.
abut v. To touch at the end or boundary line.
adjunct n. Something joined to or connected with another thing, but holding a subordinate place.
abyss n. Bottomless gulf.
adjuration n. A vehement appeal.
academic adj. Of or pertaining to an academy, college, or university. academician
adjutant adj. Auxiliary.
n. A member of an academy of literature, art, or science. academy n. Any institution
administrator n. One who manages affairs of any kind. admissible
where the higher branches of learning are taught. accede v. To agree.
accelerate v. To move faster. adj. Having the right or privilege of entry. admittance n. Entrance,
accept v. To take when offered. or the right or permission to enter. admonish v. To warn of a fault.
admonition n. Gentle reproof.
access n. A way of approach or entrance; passage.
ado n. unnecessary activity or ceremony.
accessible adj. Approachable.
adoration n. Profound devotion.
accession n. Induction or elevation, as to dignity, office, or government.
adroit adj. Having skill in the use of the bodily or mental powers.
accessory n. A person or thing that aids the principal agent.
adulterant n. An adulterating substance.
acclaim v. To utter with a shout.
adulterate v. To make impure by the admixture of other or baser ingredients.
accommodate v. To furnish something as a kindness or favor.
adumbrate v. To represent beforehand in outline or by emblem.
accompaniment n. A subordinate part or parts, enriching or supporting the leading part.
advent n. The coming or arrival, as of any important change, event, state, or personage.
accompanist n. One who or that which accompanies. accompany v.
adverse adj. Opposing or opposed.
To go with, or be associated with, as a companion. accomplice n. An
adversity n. Misfortune.
associate in wrong-doing.
advert v. To refer incidentally.
accomplish v. To bring to pass.
advertiser n. One who advertises, especially in newspapers.
accordion n. A portable free-reed musical instrument.
advisory adj. Not mandatory.
accost v. To speak to.
advocacy n. The act of pleading a cause.
account n. A record or statement of receipts and expenditures, or of business transactions.
advocate n. One who pleads the cause of another, as in a legal or ecclesiastical court.
accouter v. To dress.
aerial adj. Of, pertaining to, or like the air.
aeronaut n. One who navigates the air, a balloonist.

altercate v. To contend angrily or zealously in words.
aeronautics n. the art or practice of flying aircraft
alternate n. One chosen to act in place of another, in case of the absence or incapacity of that other.
aerostat n. A balloon or other apparatus floating in or sustained by the air. aerostatics n.
alternative n. Something that may or must exist, be taken or chosen, or done instead of
The branch of pneumatics that treats of the equilibrium, pressure, and mechanical
something else.
properties.
altitude n. Vertical distance or elevation above any point or base-level, as the sea.
affable adj. Easy to approach.
alto n. The lowest or deepest female voice or part.
affect v. To act upon
altruism n. Benevolence to others on subordination to self-interest.
affectation n. A studied or ostentatious pretense or attempt.
altruist n. One who advocates or practices altruism.
affiliate n. Some auxiliary person or thing.
amalgam n. An alloy or union of mercury with another metal.
affirmative adj. Answering yes; to a question at issue.
amalgamate v. To mix or blend together in a homogeneous body.
affix v. To fasten.
amateur adj. Practicing an art or occupation for the love of it, but not as a profession.
affluence n. A profuse or abundant supply of riches.
amatory adj. Designed to excite love.
affront n. An open insult or indignity.
ambidextrous adj. Having the ability of using both hands with equal skill or ease.
afire adv. & adj. On fire, literally or figuratively.
afoot adv. In progress. ambiguous adj. Having a double meaning. ambitious
aforesaid adj. Said in a preceding part or before. adj. Eagerly desirous and aspiring. ambrosial adj.
afresh adv. Once more, after rest or interval. Divinely sweet, fragrant, or delicious.
ambulance n. A vehicle fitted for conveying the sick and wounded.
afterthought n. A thought that comes later than its appropriate or expected time.
ambulate v. To walk about
agglomerate v. To pile or heap together.
aggrandize v. To cause to appear greatly. ambush n. The act or state of lying concealed for the purpose of surprising or attacking the enemy.
ameliorate v. To relieve, as from pain or hardship
aggravate v. To make heavier, worse, or more burdensome.
amenable adj. Willing and ready to submit.
aggravation n. The fact of being made heavier or more heinous, as a crime , offense, misfortune, etc.
aggregate n. The entire number, sum, mass, or quantity of something. Americanism n. A peculiar sense in which an English word or phrase is used in the United States.
amicable adj. Done in a friendly spirit.
aggress v. To make the first attack.
amity n. Friendship.
aggression n. An unprovoked attack.
amorous adj. Having a propensity for falling in love.
aggrieve v. To give grief or sorrow to.
amorphous adj. Without determinate shape.
aghast adj. Struck with terror and amazement.
amour n. A love-affair, especially one of an illicit nature.
agile adj. Able to move or act quickly, physically, or mentally.
ampere n. The practical unit of electric-current strength.
agitate v. To move or excite (the feelings or thoughts). agrarian
ampersand n. The character &; and.
adj. Pertaining to land, especially agricultural land.
amphibious adj. Living both on land and in water.
aide-de-camp n. An officer who receives and transmits the orders of the general.
amphitheater n. An edifice of elliptical shape, constructed about a central open space or arena.
ailment n. Slight sickness.
amplitude n. Largeness.
airy adj. Delicate, ethereal.
amply adv. Sufficiently.
akin adj. Of similar nature or qualities.
amputate v. To remove by cutting, as a limb or some portion of the body.
alabaster n. A white or delicately tinted fine-grained gypsum.
amusement n. Diversion.
alacrity n. Cheerful willingness.
anachronism n. Anything occurring or existing out of its proper time.
albeit conj. Even though.
anagram n. The letters of a word or phrase so transposed as to make a different word or phrase.
albino n. A person with milky white skin and hair, and eyes with bright red pupil and usually pink iris. album
analogous adj. Corresponding (to some other) in certain respects, as in form, proportion, relations.
n. A book whose leaves are so made to form paper frames for holding photographs or the like. alchemy n.
analogy n. Reasoning in which from certain and known relations or resemblance others are
Chemistry of the middle ages, characterized by the pursuit of changing base metals to gold.
formed.
alcohol n. A volatile, inflammable, colorless liquid of a penetrating odor and burning taste.
analyst n. One who analyzes or makes use of the analytical method.
alcoholism n. A condition resulting from the inordinate or persistent use of alcoholic beverages. alcove
analyze v. To examine minutely or critically.
n. A covered recess connected with or at the side of a larger room.
anarchy n. Absence or utter disregard of government.
alder n. Any shrub or small tree of the genus Alumnus, of the oak family.
anathema n. Anything forbidden, as by social usage.
alderman n. A member of a municipal legislative body, who usually exercises also certain judicial
anatomy n. That branch of morphology which treats of the structure of organisms.
functions.
ancestry n. One's ancestors collectively.
aldermanship n. The dignity, condition, office, or term of office of an alderman.
anecdote n. A brief account of some interesting event or incident.
alias n. An assumed name.
anemia n. Deficiency of blood or red corpuscles.
alien n. One who owes allegiance to a foreign government. alienable
anemic adj. Affected with anemia.
adj. Capable of being aliened or alienated, as lands. alienate v. To cause
anemometer n. An instrument for measuring the force or velocity of wind.
to turn away.
anesthetic adj. Pertaining to or producing loss of sensation.
alienation n. Estrangement.
anew adv. Once more.
aliment n. That which nourishes.
angelic adj. Saintly.
alkali n. Anything that will neutralize an acid, as lime, magnesia, etc.
Anglophobia n. Hatred or dread of England or of what is English.
allay v. To calm the violence or reduce the intensity of; mitigate.
Anglo-Saxon n. The entire English race wherever found, as in Europe, the United States, or
allege v. To assert to be true, especially in a formal manner, as in court.
India.
allegory n. The setting forth of a subject under the guise of another subject of aptly suggestive
angular adj. Sharp-cornered.
likeness.
anhydrous adj. Withered.
alleviate v. To make less burdensome or less hard to bear.
animadversion n. The utterance of criticism or censure.
alley n. A narrow street, garden path, walk, or the like.
animadvert v. To pass criticism or censure. animalcule
alliance n. Any combination or union for some common purpose. allot v.
n. An animal of microscopic smallness. animate v. To
To assign a definite thing or part to a certain person. allotment n.
make alive.
Portion.
animosity n. Hatred.
allude v. To refer incidentally, or by suggestion.
annalist n. Historian.
allusion n. An indirect and incidental reference to something without definite mention of it.
annals n. A record of events in their chronological order, year by year.
alluvion n. Flood.
annex v. To add or affix at the end.
ally n. A person or thing connected with another, usually in some relation of helpfulness.
annihilate v. To destroy absolutely.
almanac n. A series of tables giving the days of the week together with certain astronomical
annotate v. To make explanatory or critical notes on or upon.
information.
annual adj. Occurring every year.
aloof adv. Not in sympathy with or desiring to associate with others.
annuity n. An annual allowance, payment, or income.
altar n. Any raised place or structure on which sacrifices may be offered or incense burned.
alter v. To make change in.
alteration n. Change or modification.
annunciation n. Proclamation.
appropriate adj. Suitable for the purpose and circumstances.
anode n. The point where or path by which a voltaic current enters an electrolyte or the like.
aqueduct n. A water-conduit, particularly one for supplying a community from a distance.
anonymous adj. Of unknown authorship.
aqueous adj. Of, pertaining to, or containing water.
antagonism n. Mutual opposition or resistance of counteracting forces, principles, or persons.
arbiter n. One chosen or appointed, by mutual consent of parties in dispute, to decide matters.
Antarctic adj. Pertaining to the south pole or the regions near it.
ante v. In the game of poker, to put up a stake before the cards are dealt. arbitrary adj. Fixed or done capriciously. arbitrate
antecede v. To precede. v. To act or give judgment as umpire. arbor n. A
tree.
antecedent n. One who or that which precedes or goes before, as in time, place, rank, order, or
arboreal adj. Of or pertaining to a tree or trees.
causality.
arborescent adj. Having the nature of a tree.
antechamber n. A waiting room for those who seek audience.
arboretum n. A botanical garden or place devoted to the cultivation of trees or shrubs.
antedate v. To assign or affix a date to earlier than the actual one.
arboriculture n. The cultivation of trees or shrubs.
antediluvian adj. Of or pertaining to the times, things, events before the great flood in the days of
arcade n. A vaulted passageway or street; a roofed passageway having shops, etc., opening from it.
Noah.
archaic adj. Antiquated
antemeridian adj. Before noon.
archaism n. Obsolescence.
antemundane adj. Pertaining to time before the world's creation.
archangel n. An angel of high rank.
antenatal adj. Occurring or existing before birth.
anterior adj. Prior. archbishop n. The chief of the bishops of an ecclesiastical province in the Greek, Roman, and
Anglican church.
anteroom n. A room situated before and opening into another, usually larger.
archdeacon n. A high official administrator of the affairs of a diocese.
anthology n. A collection of extracts from the writings of various authors.
archaeology n. The branch of anthropology concerned with the systematic investigation of the
anthracite n. Hard coal.
relics of man.
anthropology n. The science of man in general.
archetype n. A prototype.
anthropomorphous adj. Having or resembling human form.
archipelago n. Any large body of water studded with islands, or the islands collectively themselves.
antic n. A grotesque, ludicrous, or fantastic action.
ardent adj. Burning with passion.
Antichrist n. Any opponent or enemy of Christ, whether a person or a power.
ardor n. Intensity of passion or affection.
anticlimax n. A gradual or sudden decrease in the importance or impressiveness of what is said. anticyclone
arid adj. Very dry.
n. An atmospheric condition of high central pressure, with currents flowing outward. antidote n.
aristocracy n. A hereditary nobility
Anything that will counteract or remove the effects of poison, disease, or the like.
aristocrat n. A hereditary noble or one nearly connected with nobility.
antilogy n. Inconsistency or contradiction in terms or ideas.
armada n. A fleet of war-vessels.
antipathize v. To show or feel a feeling of antagonism, aversion, or dislike.
armful n. As much as can be held in the arm or arms.
antiphon n. A response or alteration of responses, generally musical. antiphony
armory n. An arsenal.
n. An anthem or other composition sung responsively. antipodes n. A place or
aroma n. An agreeable odor.
region on the opposite side of the earth.
arraign v. To call into court, as a person indicted for crime, and demand whether he pleads guilty
antiquary n. One who collects and examines old things, as coins, books, medals, weapons, etc.
or not.
antiquate v. To make old or out of date.
arrange v. To put in definite or proper order.
antique adj. Pertaining to ancient times.
arrangement n. The act of putting in proper order, or the state of being put in order.
antiseptic n. Anything that destroys or restrains the growth of putrefactive micro- organisms.
arrant adj. Notoriously bad.
antislavery adj. Opposed to human slavery.
arrear n. Something overdue and unpaid.
antispasmodic adj. Tending to prevent or relieve non-inflammatory spasmodic affections.
arrival n. A coming to stopping-place or destination.
antistrophe n. The inversion of terms in successive classes, as in “the home of joy” and “the joy
arrogant adj. Unduly or excessively proud, as of wealth, station, learning, etc.
of home”.
arrogate v. To take, demand, or claim, especially presumptuously or without reasons or grounds.
antitoxin n. A substance which neutralizes the poisonous products of micro-organisms.
Artesian well n. A very deep bored well. water rises due to underground pressure
antonym n. A word directly opposed to another in meaning. anxious
artful adj. Characterized by craft or cunning.
adj. Distressed in mind respecting some uncertain matter. apathy n.
Arthurian adj. Pertaining to King Arthur, the real or legendary hero of British poetic story.
Insensibility to emotion or passionate feeling.
artifice n. Trickery.
aperture n. Hole.
artless adj. Ingenuous.
apex n. The highest point, as of a mountain.
ascendant adj. Dominant.
aphorism n. Proverb.
ascension n. The act of rising.
apiary n. A place where bees are kept.
ascent n. A rising, soaring, or climbing.
apogee n. The climax.
ascetic adj. Given to severe self-denial and practicing excessive abstinence and devotion.
apology n. A disclaimer of intentional error or offense.
ascribe v. To assign as a quality or attribute.
apostasy n. A total departure from one's faith or religion.
asexual adj. Having no distinct sexual organs.
apostate adj. False.
ashen adj. Pale.
apostle n. Any messenger commissioned by or as by divine authority. apothecary n.
askance adv. With a side or indirect glance or meaning.
One who keeps drugs for sale and puts up prescriptions. apotheosis n. Deification.
asperity n. Harshness or roughness of temper.
appall v. To fill with dismay or horror.
aspirant n. One who seeks earnestly, as for advancement, honors, place.
apparent adj. Easily understood.
aspiration n. An earnest wish for that which is above one's present reach.
apparition n. Ghost.
aspire v. To have an earnest desire, wish, or longing, as for something high and good, not yet
appease v. To soothe by quieting anger or indignation.
attained.
appellate adj. Capable of being appealed to.
assailant n. One who attacks.
appellation n. The name or title by which a particular person, class, or thing is called. append v.
assassin n. One who kills, or tries to kill, treacherously or secretly.
To add or attach, as something accessory, subordinate, or supplementary. appertain v. To belong, as
assassinate v. To kill, as by surprise or secret assault, especially the killing of some eminent person.
by right, fitness, association, classification, possession, or natural relation. apposite adj. Appropriate.
assassination n. Murderer, as by secret assault or treachery.
apposition n. The act of placing side by side, together, or in contact.
assay n. The chemical analysis or testing of an alloy ore.
appraise v. To estimate the money value of.
assent v. To express agreement with a statement or matter of opinion. assess
appreciable adj. Capable of being discerned by the senses or intellect.
v. To determine the amount of (a tax or other sum to be paid). assessor n. An
apprehend v. To make a prisoner of (a person) in the name of the law.
officer whose duty it is to assess taxes.
apprehensible adj. Capable of being conceived.
assets n. pl. Property in general, regarded as applicable to the payment of debts.
approbation n. Sanction.
assiduous adj. Diligent.
assignee n. One who is appointed to act for another in the management of certain property and
interests.
assimilate v. To adapt.
assonance n. Resemblance or correspondence in sound.
assonant adj. Having resemblance of sound.

balsam n. A medical preparation, aromatic and oily, used for healing.
assonate v. To accord in sound, especially vowel sound.
banal adj. Commonplace.
assuage v. To cause to be less harsh, violent, or severe, as excitement, appetite, pain, or disease.
barcarole n. A boat-song of Venetian gondoliers.
astringent adj. Harsh in disposition or character.
barograph n. An instrument that registers graphically and continuously the atmospheric pressure.
astute adj. Keen in discernment.
barometer n. An instrument for indicating the atmospheric pressure per unit of surface.
atheism n. The denial of the existence of God.
barring prep. Apart from.
athirst adj. Wanting water.
baritone adj. Having a register higher than bass and lower than tenor.
athwart adv. From side to side.
bask v. To make warm by genial heat.
atomizer n. An apparatus for reducing a liquid to a fine spray, as for disinfection, inhalation, etc.
bass adj. Low in tone or compass.
atone v. To make amends for.
baste v. To cover with melted fat, gravy, while cooking.
atonement n. Amends, reparation, or expiation made from wrong or injury.
baton n. An official staff borne either as a weapon or as an emblem of authority or privilege.
atrocious adj. Outrageously or wantonly wicked, criminal, vile, or cruel. atrocity
battalion n. A body of infantry composed of two or more companies, forming a part of a regiment.
n. Great cruelty or reckless wickedness.
batten n. A narrow strip of wood.
attaché n. A subordinate member of a diplomatic embassy.
batter n. A thick liquid mixture of two or more materials beaten together, to be used in cookery.
attest v. To certify as accurate, genuine, or true.
bauble n. A trinket.
attorney-general n. The chief law-officer of a government. auburn
bawl v. To proclaim by outcry.
adj. Reddish-brown, said usually of the hair. audacious adj.
beatify v. To make supremely happy. beatitude
Fearless.
n. Any state of great happiness. beau n. An escort
audible adj. Loud enough to be heard.
or lover.
audition n. The act or sensation of hearing.
becalm v. To make quiet.
auditory adj. Of or pertaining to hearing or the organs or sense of hearing.
beck v. To give a signal to, by nod or gesture.
augment v. To make bigger.
bedaub v. To smear over, as with something oily or sticky.
augur v. To predict.
bedeck v. To cover with ornament.
Augustinian adj. Pertaining to St. Augustine, his doctrines, or the religious orders called after him.
bedlam n. Madhouse.
aura n. Pervasive psychic influence supposed to emanate from persons
befog v. To confuse.
aural adj. Of or pertaining to the ear.
befriend v. To be a friend to, especially when in need.
auricle n. One of the two chambers of the heart which receives the blood from the veins.
beget v. To produce by sexual generation.
auricular adj. Of or pertaining to the ear, its auricle, or the sense of hearing.
auriferous adj. Containing gold. begrudge v. To envy one of the possession of.
belate v. To delay past the proper hour.
aurora n. A luminous phenomenon in the upper regions of the atmosphere.
belay v. To make fast, as a rope, by winding round a cleat.
auspice n. favoring, protecting, or propitious influence or guidance. austere
belie v. To misrepresent.
adj. Severely simple; unadorned.
believe v. To accept as true on the testimony or authority of others.
autarchy n. Unrestricted power.
belittle v. To disparage.
authentic adj. Of undisputed origin.
belle n. A woman who is a center of attraction because of her beauty, accomplishments, etc.
authenticity n. The state or quality of being genuine, or of the origin and authorship claimed.
bellicose adj. Warlike.
autobiography n. The story of one's life written by himself.
belligerent adj. Manifesting a warlike spirit.
autocracy n. Absolute government.
bemoan v. To lament
autocrat n. Any one who claims or wields unrestricted or undisputed authority or influence.
benediction n. a solemn invocation of the divine blessing.
automaton n. Any living being whose actions are or appear to be involuntary or mechanical.
benefactor n. A doer of kindly and charitable acts.
autonomous adj. Self-governing.
benefice n. A church office endowed with funds or property for the maintenance of divine service.
autonomy n. Self-government.
beneficent adj. Characterized by charity and kindness.
autopsy n. The examination of a dead body by dissection to ascertain the cause of death.
beneficial adj. Helpful.
autumnal adj. Of or pertaining to autumn.
beneficiary n. One who is lawfully entitled to the profits and proceeds of an estate or property.
auxiliary n. One who or that which aids or helps, especially when regarded as subsidiary or
benefit n. Helpful result.
accessory.
benevolence n. Any act of kindness or well-doing.
avalanche n. The fall or sliding of a mass of snow or ice down a mountain-slope, often bearing
benevolent adj. Loving others and actively desirous of their well-being.
with it rock.
benign adj. Good and kind of heart.
avarice n. Passion for getting and keeping riches.
benignant adj. Benevolent in feeling, character, or aspect.
aver v. To assert as a fact.
benignity n. Kindness of feeling, disposition, or manner. benison
averse adj. Reluctant.
n. Blessing.
aversion n. A mental condition of fixed opposition to or dislike of some particular thing.
bequeath v. To give by will.
avert v. To turn away or aside.
bereave v. To make desolate with loneliness and grief. berth n.
aviary n. A spacious cage or enclosure in which live birds are kept.
A bunk or bed in a vessel, sleeping-car, etc. beseech v. To
avidity n. Greediness.
implore.
avocation n. Diversion.
beset v. To attack on all sides.
avow v. To declare openly.
besmear v. To smear over, as with any oily or sticky substance.
awaken v. To arouse, as emotion, interest, or the like.
bestial adj. Animal.
awry adv. & adj. Out of the proper form, direction, or position.
bestrew v. To sprinkle or cover with things strewn.
aye adv. An expression of assent.
bestride v. To get or sit upon astride, as a horse.
azalea n. A flowering shrub. azure
bethink v. To remind oneself.
n. The color of the sky.
betide v. To happen to or befall.
Baconian adj. Of or pertaining to Lord Bacon or his system of philosophy.
betimes adv. In good season or time.
bacterium n. A microbe.
betroth v. To engage to marry.
badger v. To pester. baffle
betrothal n. Engagement to marry.
v. To foil or frustrate.
bailiff n. An officer of court having custody of prisoners under arraignment. bevel n. Any inclination of two surfaces other than 90 degrees.
baize n. A single-colored napped woolen fabric used for table-covers, curtains, etc. bewilder v. To confuse the perceptions or judgment of. bibliomania
bale n. A large package prepared for transportation or storage. n. The passion for collecting books.
bibliography n. A list of the words of an author, or the literature bearing on a particular subject.
baleful adj. Malignant.
ballad n. Any popular narrative poem, often with epic subject and usually in lyric form.
bibliophile n. One who loves books.

Briticism n. A word, idiom, or phrase characteristic of Great Britain or the British.
bibulous adj. Fond of drinking.
brittle adj. Fragile.
bide v. To await.
broach v. To mention, for the first time.
biennial n. A plant that produces leaves and roots the first year and flowers and fruit the second. bier n.
broadcast adj. Disseminated far and wide. brogan
A horizontal framework with two handles at each end for carrying a corpse to the grave. bigamist n. One
n. A coarse, heavy shoe.
who has two spouses at the same time.
brogue n. Any dialectic pronunciation of English, especially that of the Irish people. brokerage n.
bigamy n. The crime of marrying any other person while having a legal spouse living. bight n. A
The business of making sales and purchases for a commission; a broker. bromine n. A dark
slightly receding bay between headlands, formed by a long curve of a coast-line. bilateral adj.
reddish-brown, non-metallic liquid element with a suffocating odor. bronchitis n. Inflammation of
Two-sided.
the bronchial tubes.
bilingual adj. Speaking two languages.
bronchus n. Either of the two subdivisions of the trachea conveying air into the lungs. brooch n.
biograph n. A bibliographical sketch or notice.
biography n. A written account of one's life, actions, and character. An article of jewelry fastened by a hinged pin and hook on the underside. brotherhood n. Spiritual
biology n. The science of life or living organisms. or social fellowship or solidarity.
browbeat v. To overwhelm, or attempt to do so, by stern, haughty, or rude address or manner.
biped n. An animal having two feet.
brusque adj. Somewhat rough or rude in manner or speech.
birthright n. A privilege or possession into which one is born.
buffoon n. A clown.
bitterness n. Acridity, as to the taste. blasé
buffoonery n. Low drollery, coarse jokes, etc.
adj. Sated with pleasure. blaspheme v. To
bulbous adj. Of, or pertaining to, or like a bulb.
indulge in profane oaths.
blatant adj. Noisily or offensively loud or clamorous. bullock n. An ox.
bulrush n. Any one of various tall rush-like plants growing in damp ground or water.
blaze n. A vivid glowing flame.
bulwark n. Anything that gives security or defense.
blazon v. To make widely or generally known.
bumper n. A cup or glass filled to the brim, especially one to be drunk as a toast or health.
bleak adj. Desolate.
bumptious adj. Full of offensive and aggressive self-conceit.
blemish n. A mark that mars beauty.
bungle v. To execute clumsily.
blithe adj. Joyous.
blithesome adj. Cheerful. buoyancy n. Power or tendency to float on or in a liquid or gas. buoyant
adj. Having the power or tendency to float or keep afloat. bureau n. A chest
blockade n. The shutting up of a town, a frontier, or a line of coast by hostile forces. boatswain n.
of drawers for clothing, etc.
A subordinate officer of a vessel, who has general charge of the rigging, anchors, etc.
bodice n. A women's ornamental corset-shaped laced waist. bureaucracy n. Government by departments of men transacting particular branches of public
bodily adj. Corporeal. business.
boisterous adj. Unchecked merriment or animal spirits. burgess n. In colonial times, a member of the lower house of the legislature of Maryland or
bole n. The trunk or body of a tree. Virginia.
bolero n. A Spanish dance, illustrative of the passion of love, accompanied by caste nets and singing. burgher n. An inhabitant, citizen or freeman of a borough burgh, or corporate town.
boll n. A round pod or seed-capsule, as a flax or cotton. burnish v. To make brilliant or shining.
bursar n. A treasurer.
bolster v. To support, as something wrong.
bustle v. To hurry.
bomb n. A hollow projectile containing an explosive material.
butt v. To strike with or as with the head, or horns.
bombard v. To assail with any missile or with abusive speech.
butte n. A conspicuous hill, low mountain, or natural turret, generally isolated.
bombardier n. A person who has charge of mortars, bombs, and shells. bombast n.
buttress n. Any support or prop.
Inflated or extravagant language, especially on unimportant subjects. boorish adj.
by-law n. A rule or law adopted by an association, a corporation, or the like. cabal n. A
Rude.
bore v. To weary by tediousness or dullness. number of persons secretly united for effecting by intrigue some private purpose.
cabalism n. Superstitious devotion to one's religion.
borough n. An incorporated village or town.
bosom n. The breast or the upper front of the thorax of a human being, especially of a woman. cabinet n. The body of men constituting the official advisors of the executive head of a nation.
botanical adj. Connected with the study or cultivation of plants. cacophony n. A disagreeable, harsh, or discordant sound or combination of sounds or tones.
cadaverous adj. Resembling a corpse.
botanize v. To study plant-life.
botany n. The science that treats of plants. cadence n. Rhythmical or measured flow or movement, as in poetry or the time and pace of
bountiful adj. Showing abundance. marching troops.
cadenza n. An embellishment or flourish, prepared or improvised, for a solo voice or instrument.
Bowdlerize v. To expurgate in editing (a literary composition) by omitting words or passages.
caitiff adj. Cowardly.
bowler n. In cricket, the player who delivers the ball.
cajole v. To impose on or dupe by flattering speech.
boycott v. To place the products or merchandise of under a ban.
cajolery n. Delusive speech.
brae n. Hillside.
calculable adj. That may be estimated by reckoning.
braggart n. A vain boaster.
brandish v. To wave, shake, or flourish triumphantly or defiantly, as a sword or spear. calculus n. A concretion formed in various parts of the body resembling a pebble in hardness.
callosity n. The state of being hard and insensible.
bravado n. An aggressive display of boldness.
callow adj. Without experience of the world.
bravo interj. Well done.
calorie n. Amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree centigrade.
bray n. A loud harsh sound, as the cry of an ass or the blast of a horn.
calumny n. Slander.
braze v. To make of or ornament with brass.
Calvary n. The place where Christ was crucified.
brazier n. An open pan or basin for holding live coals.
Calvinism n. The system of doctrine taught by John Calvin.
breach n. The violation of official duty, lawful right, or a legal obligation.
Calvinize v. To teach or imbue with the doctrines of Calvinism.
breaker n. One who trains horses, dogs, etc.
came n. A leaden sash-bar or grooved strip for fastening panes in stained-glass windows.
breech n. The buttocks.
cameo n. Any small engraved or carved work in relief.
brethren n. pl. Members of a brotherhood, gild, profession, association, or the like.
campaign n. A complete series of connected military operations.
brevity n. Shortness of duration.
bric-a-brac n. Objects of curiosity or for decoration. Canaanite n. A member of one of the three tribes that dwelt in the land of Canaan, or western
bridle n. The head-harness of a horse consisting of a head-stall, a bit, and the reins. Palestine.
canary adj. Of a bright but delicate yellow.
brigade n. A body of troops consisting of two or more regiments.
candid adj. Straightforward.
brigadier n. General officer who commands a brigade, ranking between a colonel and a major-
candor n. The quality of frankness or outspokenness.
general.
canine adj. Characteristic of a dog.
brigand n. One who lives by robbery and plunder.
canon n. Any rule or law.
brimstone n. Sulfur.
cant v. To talk in a singsong, preaching tone with affected solemnity.
brine n. Water saturated with salt.
cantata n. A choral composition.
bristle n. One of the coarse, stiff hairs of swine: used in brush-making, etc.
Britannia n. The United Kingdom of Great Britain.
canto n. One of the divisions of an extended poem.

chronology n. The science that treats of computation of time or of investigation and arrangement
cantonment n. The part of the town or district in which the troops are quartered.
of events.
capacious adj. Roomy.
chronometer n. A portable timekeeper of the highest attainable precision. cipher
capillary n. A minute vessel having walls composed of a single layer of cells.
v. To calculate arithmetically. (also a noun meaning zero or nothing) circulate v.
capitulate v. To surrender or stipulate terms.
To disseminate.
caprice n. A whim.
caption n. A heading, as of a chapter, section, document, etc. circumference n. The boundary-line of a circle.
captious adj. Hypercritical. circumlocution n. Indirect or roundabout expression.
captivate v. To fascinate, as by excellence. eloquence, or beauty. circumnavigate v. To sail quite around. circumscribe
v. To confine within bounds.
carcass n. The dead body of an animal. cardiac
circumspect adj. Showing watchfulness, caution, or careful consideration.
adj. Pertaining to the heart. cardinal adj. Of
citadel n. Any strong fortress.
prime or special importance.
cite v. To refer to specifically.
caret n. A sign (^) placed below a line, indicating where omitted words, etc., should be inserted.
claimant n. One who makes a claim or demand, as of right.
caricature n. a picture or description in which natural characteristics are exaggerated or distorted.
clairvoyance n. Intuitive sagacity or perception. clamorous
carnage n. Massacre.
adj. Urgent in complaint or demand.
carnal adj. Sensual.
clan n. A tribe.
carnivorous adj. Eating or living on flesh.
clandestine adj. Surreptitious.
carouse v. To drink deeply and in boisterous or jovial manner.
clangor n. Clanking or a ringing, as of arms, chains, or bells; clamor.
carrion n. Dead and putrefying flesh.
clarify v. To render intelligible.
cartilage n. An elastic animal tissue of firm consistence.
clarion n. A small shrill trumpet or bugle.
cartridge n. A charge for a firearm, or for blasting. caste
classify v. To arrange in a class or classes on the basis of observed resemblance; and differences. clearance n.
n. The division of society on artificial grounds. castigate v.
A certificate from the proper authorities that a vessel has complied with the law and may sail.
To punish.
clemency n. Mercy.
casual adj. Accidental, by chance.
clement adj. Compassionate.
casualty n. A fatal or serious accident or disaster.
close-hauled adj. Having the sails set for sailing as close to the wind as possible.
cataclysm n. Any overwhelming flood of water.
clothier n. One who makes or sells cloth or clothing.
cataract n. Opacity of the lens of the eye resulting in complete or partial blindness.
clumsy adj. Awkward of movement.
catastrophe n. Any great and sudden misfortune or calamity.
cathode n. The negative pole or electrode of a galvanic battery. coagulate v. To change into a clot or a jelly, as by heat, by chemical action, or by a ferment.
coagulant adj. Producing coagulation.
Catholicism n. The system, doctrine, and practice of the Roman Catholic Church.
catholicity n. Universal prevalence or acceptance. coalescence n. The act or process of coming together so as to form one body, combination, or
product.
cat-o-nine-tails n. An instrument consisting of nine pieces of cord, formerly used for flogging in
coalition n. Combination in a body or mass.
the army and navy.
coddle v. To treat as a baby or an invalid.
caucus n. A private meeting of members of a political party to select candidates.
codicil n. A supplement adding to, revoking, or explaining in the body of a will.
causal adj. Indicating or expressing a cause.
coerce v. To force.
caustic adj. Sarcastic and severe.
coercion n. Forcible constraint or restraint, moral or physical.
cauterize v. To burn or sear as with a heated iron.
coercive adj. Serving or tending to force.
cede v. To pass title to.
cogent adj. Appealing strongly to the reason or conscience.
censor n. An official examiner of manuscripts empowered to prohibit their publication.
censorious adj. Judging severely or harshly. cognate adj. Akin.
cognizant adj. Taking notice.
census n. An official numbering of the people of a country or district. centenary
cohere v. To stick together.
adj. Pertaining to a hundred years or a period of a hundred years. centiliter n. A
cohesion n. Consistency.
hundredth of a liter.
cohesive adj. Having the property of consistency.
centimeter n. A length of one hundredth of a meter.
coincide v. To correspond.
centurion n. A captain of a company of one hundred infantry in the ancient Roman army.
coincidence n. A circumstance so agreeing with another: often implying accident.
cereal adj. Pertaining to edible grain or farinaceous seeds. ceremonial adj.
coincident adj. Taking place at the same time.
Characterized by outward form or ceremony. ceremonious adj. Observant
collaborate v. To labor or cooperate with another or others, especially in literary or scientific pursuits.
of ritual.
collapse v. To cause to shrink, fall in, or fail.
cessation n. Discontinuance, as of action or motion.
collapsible adj. That may or can collapse.
cession n. Surrender, as of possessions or rights.
colleague n. An associate in professional employment.
chagrin n. Keen vexation, annoyance, or mortification, as at one's failures or errors.
chameleon adj. Changeable in appearance. collective adj. Consisting of a number of persons or objects considered as gathered into a mass, or
chancery n. A court of equity, as distinguished from a common-law court. sum.
collector n. One who makes a collection, as of objects of art, books, or the like.
chaos n. Any condition of which the elements or parts are in utter disorder and confusion.
collegian n. A college student.
characteristic n. A distinctive feature.
characterize v. To describe by distinctive marks or peculiarities. collide v. To meet and strike violently.
charlatan n. A quack. collier n. One who works in a coal-mine.
chasm n. A yawning hollow, as in the earth's surface. collision n. Violent contact.
colloquial adj. Pertaining or peculiar to common speech as distinguished from literary.
chasten v. To purify by affliction.
colloquialism n. Form of speech used only or chiefly in conversation.
chastise v. To subject to punitive measures.
colloquy n. Conversation.
chastity n. Sexual or moral purity. chateau
collusion n. A secret agreement for a wrongful purpose.
n. A castle or manor-house. chattel n. Any
colossus n. Any strikingly great person or object. comely
article of personal property. check v. To hold
adj. Handsome.
back.
comestible adj. Fit to be eaten.
chiffon n. A very thin gauze used for trimmings, evening dress, etc.
comical adj. Funny.
chivalry n. The knightly system of feudal times with its code, usages and practices.
commemorate v. To serve as a remembrance of.
cholera n. An acute epidemic disease.
commentary n. A series of illustrative or explanatory notes on any important work.
choleric adj. Easily provoked to anger.
commingle v. To blend.
choral adj. Pertaining to, intended for, or performed by a chorus or choir.
Christ n. A title of Jesus commissariat n. The department of an army charged with the provision of its food and water and
christen v. To name in baptism. daily needs.
commission v. To empower.
Christendom n. That part of the world where Christianity is generally professed.
commitment n. The act or process of entrusting or consigning for safe-keeping.
chromatic adj. Belonging, relating to, or abounding in color.
committal n. The act, fact, or result of committing, or the state of being

confiscate v. To appropriate (private property) as forfeited to the public use or treasury.
commodity n. Something that is bought and sold.
conflagration n. A great fire, as of many buildings, a forest, or the like.
commotion n. A disturbance or violent agitation.
confluence n. The place where streams meet. confluent
commute v. To put something, especially something less severe, in place of.
n. A stream that unites with another. conformance n.
comparable adj. Fit to be compared.
The act or state or conforming. conformable adj.
comparative adj. Relative.
Harmonious.
comparison n. Examination of two or more objects with reference to their likeness or unlikeness.
compensate v. To remunerate. conformation n. General structure, form, or outline.
competence n. Adequate qualification or capacity. conformity n. Correspondence in form, manner, or use. confront
competent adj. Qualified. v. To encounter, as difficulties or obstacles. congeal v. To
competitive adj. characterized by rivalry. coagulate.
congenial adj. Having kindred character or tastes.
competitor n. A rival.
congest v. To collect into a mass. congregate
complacence n. Satisfaction with one's acts or surroundings.
v. To bring together into a crowd. coniferous
complacent adj. Pleased or satisfied with oneself.
adj. Cone-bearing trees. conjecture n. A guess.
complaisance n. Politeness.
conjoin v. To unite.
complaisant adj. Agreeable.
conjugal adj. Pertaining to marriage, marital rights, or married persons.
complement v. To make complete.
conjugate adj. Joined together in pairs.
complex adj. Complicated. compliant
conjugation n. The state or condition of being joined together. conjunction n.
adj. Yielding.
The state of being joined together, or the things so joined. connive v. To be in
complicate v. To make complex, difficult, or hard to deal with.
collusion.
complication n. An intermingling or combination of things or parts, especially in a perplexing manner.
connoisseur n. A critical judge of art, especially one with thorough knowledge and sound
complicity n. Participation or partnership, as in wrong-doing or with a wrong-doer. compliment v.
judgment of art.
To address or gratify with expressions of delicate praise.
connote v. To mean; signify.
component n. A constituent element or part.
connubial adj. Pertaining to marriage or matrimony.
comport v. To conduct or behave (oneself).
conquer v. To overcome by force.
composure n. Calmness.
consanguineous adj. Descended from the same parent or ancestor.
comprehensible adj. Intelligible.
conscience n. The faculty in man by which he distinguishes between right and wrong in character
comprehension n. Ability to know.
and conduct.
comprehensive adj. Large in scope or content.
conscientious adj. Governed by moral standard.
compress v. To press together or into smaller space. compressible
conscious adj. Aware that one lives, feels, and thinks.
adj. Capable of being pressed into smaller compass. compression n.
conscript v. To force into military service.
Constraint, as by force or authority.
consecrate v. To set apart as sacred.
comprise v. To consist of.
consecutive adj. Following in uninterrupted succession.
compulsion n. Coercion. compulsory
consensus n. A collective unanimous opinion of a number of persons.
adj. Forced. compunction n.
conservatism n. Tendency to adhere to the existing order of things.
Remorseful feeling.
conservative adj. Adhering to the existing order of things.
compute v. To ascertain by mathematical calculation.
conservatory n. An institution for instruction and training in music and declamation.
concede v. To surrender.
consign v. To entrust.
conceit n. Self-flattering opinion.
consignee n. A person to whom goods or other property has been entrusted.
conceive v. To form an idea, mental image or thought of.
consignor n. One who entrusts.
concerto n. A musical composition.
consistency n. A state of permanence.
concession n. Anything granted or yielded, or admitted in response to a demand, petition, or
console v. To comfort.
claim.
consolidate v. To combine into one body or system.
conciliate v. To obtain the friendship of.
consonance n. The state or quality of being in accord with.
conciliatory adj. Tending to reconcile. conclusive
consonant adj. Being in agreement or harmony with. consort
adj. Sufficient to convince or decide. concord n.
n. A companion or associate.
Harmony.
conspicuous adj. Clearly visible.
concordance n. Harmony.
conspirator n. One who agrees with others to cooperate in accomplishing some unlawful purpose.
concur v. To agree.
conspire v. To plot.
concurrence n. Agreement.
constable n. An officer whose duty is to maintain the peace.
concurrent adj. Occurring or acting together.
constellation n. An arbitrary assemblage or group of stars.
concussion n. A violent shock to some organ by a fall or a sudden blow.
consternation n. Panic.
condensation n. The act or process of making dense or denser. condense v.
constituency n. The inhabitants or voters in a district represented in a legislative body.
To abridge.
constituent n. One who has the right to vote at an election.
condescend v. To come down voluntarily to equal terms with inferiors.
constrict v. To bind.
condolence n. Expression of sympathy with a person in pain, sorrow, or misfortune.
consul n. An officer appointed to reside in a foreign city, chiefly to represent his country.
conduce v. To bring about.
consulate n. The place in which a consul transacts official business.
conducive adj. Contributing to an end.
consummate v. To bring to completion.
conductible adj. Capable of being conducted or transmitted.
consumption n. Gradual destruction, as by burning, eating, etc., or by using up, wearing out, etc.
conduit n. A means for conducting something, particularly a tube, pipe, or passageway for a fluid.
consumptive adj. Designed for gradual destruction.
confectionery n. The candy collectively that a confectioner makes or sells, as candy. confederacy
contagion n. The communication of disease from person to person.
n. A number of states or persons in compact or league with each other, as for mutual aid.
contagious adj. Transmitting disease.
confederate n. One who is united with others in a league, compact, or agreement.
contaminate v. To pollute.
confer v. To bestow.
contemplate v. To consider thoughtfully.
conferee n. A person with whom another confers.
contemporaneous adj. Living, occurring, or existing at the same time.
confessor n. A spiritual advisor.
contemporary adj. Living or existing at the same time.
confidant n. One to whom secrets are entrusted.
contemptible adj. Worthy of scorn or disdain.
confide v. To reveal in trust or confidence.
contemptuous adj. Disdainful.
confidence n. The state or feeling of trust in or reliance upon another.
contender n. One who exerts oneself in opposition or rivalry.
confident adj. Assured.
contiguity n. Proximity.
confinement n. Restriction within limits or boundaries.
contiguous adj. Touching or joining at the edge or boundary.
continence n. Self-restraint with respect to desires, appetites, and passion.
contingency n. Possibility of happening.

cosmography n. The science that describes the universe, including astronomy, geography, and
contingent adj. Not predictable.
geology.
continuance n. Permanence. continuation
cosmology n. The general science of the universe.
n. Prolongation.
cosmopolitan adj. Common to all the world.
continuity n. Uninterrupted connection in space, time, operation, or development. continuous adj.
cosmopolitanism n. A cosmopolitan character.
Connected, extended, or prolonged without separation or interruption of sequence.
cosmos n. The world or universe considered as a system, perfect in order and arrangement.
contort v. To twist into a misshapen form.
counter-claim n. A cross-demand alleged by a defendant in his favor against the plaintiff.
contraband n. Trade forbidden by law or treaty.
counteract v. To act in opposition to.
contradiction n. The assertion of the opposite of that which has been said.
counterbalance v. To oppose with an equal force.
contradictory adj. Inconsistent with itself.
contraposition n. A placing opposite. countercharge v. To accuse in return.
counterfeit adj. Made to resemble something else.
contravene v. To prevent or obstruct the operation of.
counterpart n. Something taken with another for the completion of either.
contribution n. The act of giving for a common purpose.
countervail v. To offset.
contributor n. One who gives or furnishes, in common with others, for a common purpose.
contrite adj. Broken in spirit because of a sense of sin. counting-house n. A house or office used for transacting business, bookkeeping, correspondence,
etc.
contrivance n. The act planning, devising, inventing, or adapting something to or for a special
countryman n. A rustic.
purpose.
courageous adj. Brave.
contrive v. To manage or carry through by some device or scheme. control v.
course n. Line of motion or direction.
To exercise a directing, restraining, or governing influence over. controller n.
courser n. A fleet and spirited horse.
One who or that which regulates or directs.
courtesy n. Politeness originating in kindness and exercised habitually. covenant
contumacious adj. Rebellious.
n. An agreement entered into by two or more persons or parties. covert adj.
contumacy n. Contemptuous disregard of the requirements of rightful authority. contuse v.
Concealed, especially for an evil purpose.
To bruise by a blow, either with or without the breaking of the skin. contusion n. A
covey n. A flock of quails or partridges.
bruise.
cower v. To crouch down tremblingly, as through fear or shame.
convalesce v. To recover after a sickness.
coxswain n. One who steers a rowboat, or one who has charge of a ship's boat and its crew under
convalescence n. The state of progressive restoration to health and strength after the cessation
an officer.
of disease.
crag n. A rugged, rocky projection on a cliff or ledge.
convalescent adj. Recovering health after sickness. convene
cranium n. The skull of an animal, especially that part enclosing the brain. crass
v. To summon or cause to assemble. convenience n. Fitness, as
adj. Coarse or thick in nature or structure, as opposed to thin or fine. craving n. A
of time or place.
vehement desire.
converge v. To cause to incline and approach nearer together.
creak n. A sharp, harsh, squeaking sound.
convergent adj. Tending to one point.
creamery n. A butter-making establishment.
conversant adj. Thoroughly informed.
creamy adj. Resembling or containing cream.
conversion n. Change from one state or position to another, or from one form to another.
credence n. Belief.
convertible adj. Interchangeable.
credible adj. Believable.
convex adj. Curving like the segment of the globe or of the surface of a circle.
credulous adj. Easily deceived.
conveyance n. That by which anything is transported.
creed n. A formal summary of fundamental points of religious belief.
convivial adj. Devoted to feasting, or to good-fellowship in eating or drinking.
crematory adj. A place for cremating dead bodies.
convolution n. A winding motion.
crevasse n. A deep crack or fissure in the ice of a glacier.
convolve v. To move with a circling or winding motion.
crevice n. A small fissure, as between two contiguous surfaces.
convoy n. A protecting force accompanying property in course of transportation.
criterion n. A standard by which to determine the correctness of a judgment or conclusion.
convulse v. To cause spasms in.
critique n. A criticism or critical review.
convulsion n. A violent and abnormal muscular contraction of the body.
crockery n. Earthenware made from baked clay.
copious adj. Plenteous.
crucible n. A trying and purifying test or agency.
coquette n. A flirt.
crusade n. Any concerted movement, vigorously prosecuted, in behalf of an idea or principle.
cornice n. An ornamental molding running round the walls of a room close to the ceiling.
crustacean adj. Pertaining to a division of arthropods, containing lobsters, crabs, crawfish, etc.
cornucopia n. The horn of plenty, symbolizing peace and prosperity.
crustaceous adj. Having a crust-like shell.
corollary n. A proposition following so obviously from another that it requires little
cryptogram n. Anything written in characters that are secret or so arranged as to have hidden
demonstration.
meaning.
coronation n. The act or ceremony of crowning a monarch.
crystallize v. To bring together or give fixed shape to.
coronet n. Inferior crown denoting, according to its form, various degrees of noble rank less than
cudgel n. A short thick stick used as a club.
sovereign.
culinary adj. Of or pertaining to cooking or the kitchen.
corporal adj. Belonging or relating to the body as opposed to the mind.
cull v. To pick or sort out from the rest.
corporate adj. Belonging to a corporation.
culpable adj. Guilty.
corporeal adj. Of a material nature; physical.
culprit n. A guilty person.
corps n. A number or body of persons in some way associated or acting together.
culvert n. Any artificial covered channel for the passage of water through a bank or under a road,
corpse n. A dead body.
canal.
corpulent adj. Obese.
cupidity n. Avarice.
corpuscle n. A minute particle of matter.
curable adj. Capable of being remedied or corrected. curator n.
correlate v. To put in some relation of connection or correspondence.
A person having charge as of a library or museum. curio n. A
correlative adj. Mutually involving or implying one another. corrigible
piece of bric-a-brac.
adj. Capable of reformation.
cursive adj. Writing in which the letters are joined together.
corroborate v. To strengthen, as proof or conviction.
cursory adj. Rapid and superficial.
corroboration n. Confirmation.
curt adj. Concise, compressed, and abrupt in act or expression.
corrode v. To ruin or destroy little by little.
curtail v. To cut off or cut short.
corrosion n. Gradual decay by crumbling or surface disintegration.
curtsy n. A downward movement of the body by bending the knees.
corrosive n. That which causes gradual decay by crumbling or surface disintegration.
cycloid adj. Like a circle.
corruptible adj. Open to bribery.
cygnet n. A young swan.
corruption n. Loss of purity or integrity.
cynical adj. Exhibiting moral skepticism.
cosmetic adj. Pertaining to the art of beautifying, especially the complexion.
cynicism n. Contempt for the opinions of others and of what others value.
cosmic adj. Pertaining to the universe.
cynosure n. That to which general interest or attention is directed.
cosmogony n. A doctrine of creation or of the origin of the universe.
daring adj. Brave.
darkling adv. Blindly.

deign v. To deem worthy of notice or account.
Darwinism n. The doctrine that natural selection has been the prime cause of evolution of higher
deist n. One who believes in God, but denies supernatural revelation.
forms.
deity n. A god, goddess, or divine person.
dastard n. A base coward.
deject v. To dishearten.
datum n. A premise, starting-point, or given fact.
dejection n. Melancholy.
dauntless adj. Fearless.
delectable adj. Delightful to the taste or to the senses.
day-man n. A day-laborer.
delectation n. Delight.
dead-heat n. A race in which two or more competitors come out even, and there is no winner.
deleterious adj. Hurtful, morally or physically.
dearth n. Scarcity, as of something customary, essential ,or desirable.
death's-head n. A human skull as a symbol of death. delicacy n. That which is agreeable to a fine taste.
debase v. To lower in character or virtue. delineate v. To represent by sketch or diagram.
debatable adj. Subject to contention or dispute. deliquesce v. To dissolve gradually and become liquid by absorption of moisture from the air.
delirious adj. Raving.
debonair adj. Having gentle or courteous bearing or manner. debut
delude v. To mislead the mind or judgment of.
n. A first appearance in society or on the stage. decagon n. A
deluge v. To overwhelm with a flood of water.
figure with ten sides and ten angles. decagram n. A weight of 10
delusion n. Mistaken conviction, especially when more or less enduring.
grams.
demagnetize v. To deprive (a magnet) of magnetism.
decaliter n. A liquid and dry measure of 10 liters.
demagogue n. An unprincipled politician.
decalogue n. The ten commandments.
demeanor n. Deportment.
Decameron n. A volume consisting of ten parts or books.
demented adj. Insane.
decameter n. A length of ten meters.
demerit n. A mark for failure or bad conduct.
decamp v. To leave suddenly or unexpectedly.
demise n. Death.
decapitate v. To behead.
demobilize v. To disband, as troops.
decapod adj. Ten-footed or ten-armed.
demolish v. To annihilate.
decasyllable n. A line of ten syllables. deceit
demonstrable adj. Capable of positive proof.
n. Falsehood.
demonstrate v. To prove indubitably.
deceitful adj. Fraudulent.
demonstrative adj. Inclined to strong exhibition or expression of feeling or thoughts.
deceive v. To mislead by or as by falsehood.
demonstrator n. One who proves in a convincing and conclusive manner. demulcent n.
decency n. Moral fitness.
Any application soothing to an irritable surface
decent adj. Characterized by propriety of conduct, speech, manners, or dress. deciduous adj.
demurrage n. the detention of a vessel beyond the specified time of sailing.
Falling off at maturity as petals after flowering, fruit when ripe, etc. decimal adj. Founded on
dendroid adj. Like a tree.
the number 10.
dendrology n. The natural history of trees.
decimate v. To destroy a measurable or large proportion of.
denizen n. Inhabitant.
decipher v. To find out the true words or meaning of, as something hardly legible.
denominate v. To give a name or epithet to.
decisive ad. Conclusive.
denomination n. A body of Christians united by a common faith and form of worship and
declamation n. A speech recited or intended for recitation from memory in public.
discipline.
declamatory adj. A full and formal style of utterance.
denominator n. Part of a fraction which expresses the number of equal parts into which the unit
declarative adj. Containing a formal, positive, or explicit statement or affirmation. declension n.
is divided.
The change of endings in nouns and adj. to express their different relations of gender. decorate v. To
denote v. To designate by word or mark.
embellish.
denouement n. That part of a play or story in which the mystery is cleared up. denounce
decorous adj. Suitable for the occasion or circumstances.
v. To point out or publicly accuse as deserving of punishment, censure, or odium.
decoy n. Anything that allures, or is intended to allures into danger or temptation.
dentifrice n. Any preparation used for cleaning the teeth.
decrepit adj. Enfeebled, as by old age or some chronic infirmity.
denude v. To strip the covering from.
dedication n. The voluntary consecration or relinquishment of something to an end or cause.
denunciation n. The act of declaring an action or person worthy of reprobation or punishment.
deduce v. To derive or draw as a conclusion by reasoning from given premises or principles.
deplete v. To reduce or lessen, as by use, exhaustion, or waste.
deface v. To mar or disfigure the face or external surface of.
deplorable adj. Contemptible.
defalcate v. To cut off or take away, as a part of something.
deplore v. To regard with grief or sorrow.
defamation n. Malicious and groundless injury done to the reputation or good name of another.
deponent adj. Laying down.
defame v. To slander.
depopulate v. To remove the inhabitants from.
default n. The neglect or omission of a legal requirement.
deport v. To take or send away forcibly, as to a penal colony.
defendant n. A person against whom a suit is brought.
deportment n. Demeanor.
defensible adj. Capable of being maintained or justified.
deposition n. Testimony legally taken on interrogatories and reduced to writing, for use as evidence
defensive adj. Carried on in resistance to aggression. defer v.
in court.
To delay or put off to some other time.
depositor n. One who makes a deposit, or has an amount deposited.
deference n. Respectful submission or yielding, as to another's opinion, wishes, or judgment.
depository n. A place where anything is kept in safety.
defiant adj. Characterized by bold or insolent opposition.
deprave v. To render bad, especially morally bad.
deficiency n. Lack or insufficiency.
deprecate v. To express disapproval or regret for, with hope for the opposite.
deficient adj. Not having an adequate or proper supply or amount.
depreciate v. To lessen the worth of.
definite adj. Having an exact signification or positive meaning. deflect v.
depreciation n. A lowering in value or an underrating in worth.
To cause to turn aside or downward.
depress v. To press down.
deforest v. To clear of forests.
depression n. A falling of the spirits.
deform v. To disfigure.
depth n. Deepness.
deformity n. A disfigurement.
derelict adj. Neglectful of obligation.
defraud v. To deprive of something dishonestly.
deride v. To ridicule.
defray v. To make payment for. degeneracy
derisible adj. Open to ridicule.
n. A becoming worse. degenerate v. To
derision n. Ridicule.
become worse or inferior.
derivation n. That process by which a word is traced from its original root or primitive form and
degradation n. Diminution, as of strength or magnitude.
meaning.
degrade v. To take away honors or position from. dehydrate
derivative adj. Coming or acquired from some origin.
v. To deprive of water.
derive v. To deduce, as from a premise.
deify v. To regard or worship as a god.
dermatology n. The branch of medical science which relates to the skin and its diseases.
derrick n. An apparatus for hoisting and swinging great weights.
descendant n. One who is descended lineally from another, as a child, grandchild, etc.
diphthong n. The sound produced by combining two vowels in to a single syllable or running
descendent adj. Proceeding downward.
together the sounds.
descent n. The act of moving or going downward.
diplomacy n. Tact, shrewdness, or skill in conducting any kind of negotiations or in social matters.
descry v. To discern.
diplomat n. A representative of one sovereign state at the capital or court of another.
desert v. To abandon without regard to the welfare of the abandoned
diplomatic adj. Characterized by special tact in negotiations. diplomatist n.
desiccant n. Any remedy which, when applied externally, dries up or absorbs moisture, as that of
One remarkable for tact and shrewd management. disagree v. To be opposite
wounds.
designate v. To select or appoint, as by authority. in opinion.
disallow v. To withhold permission or sanction.
desist v. To cease from action.
disappear v. To cease to exist, either actually or for the time being.
desistance n. Cessation.
despair n. Utter hopelessness and despondency. disappoint v. To fail to fulfill the expectation, hope, wish, or desire of.
desperado n. One without regard for law or life. disapprove v. To regard with blame.
desperate adj. Resorted to in a last extremity, or as if prompted by utter despair. disarm v. To deprive of weapons.
despicable adj. Contemptible. disarrange v. To throw out of order.
despite prep. In spite of. disavow v. To disclaim responsibility for.
despond v. To lose spirit, courage, or hope. disavowal n. Denial.
despondent adj. Disheartened. disbeliever n. One who refuses to believe.
disburden v. To disencumber.
despot n. An absolute and irresponsible monarch.
disburse v. To pay out or expend, as money from a fund.
despotism n. Any severe and strict rule in which the judgment of the governed has little or no
discard v. To reject.
part.
discernible adj. Perceivable.
destitute adj. Poverty-stricken.
desultory adj. Not connected with what precedes. disciple n. One who believes the teaching of another, or who adopts and follows some doctrine.
deter v. To frighten away. disciplinary adj. Having the nature of systematic training or subjection to authority. discipline v.
To train to obedience.
deteriorate v. To grow worse. determinate
disclaim v. To disavow any claim to, connection with, or responsibility to.
adj. Definitely limited or fixed. determination
discolor v. To stain.
n. The act of deciding.
discomfit v. To put to confusion.
deterrent adj. Hindering from action through fear.
detest v. To dislike or hate with intensity. discomfort n. The state of being positively uncomfortable. disconnect v.
To undo or dissolve the connection or association of. disconsolate adj.
detract v. To take away in such manner as to lessen value or estimation.
Grief-stricken.
detriment n. Something that causes damage, depreciation, or loss. detrude v.
discontinuance n. Interruption or intermission.
To push down forcibly.
deviate v. To take a different course. discord n. Absence of harmoniousness.
devilry n. Malicious mischief. discountenance v. To look upon with disfavor.
discover v. To get first sight or knowledge of, as something previously unknown or unperceived.
deviltry n. Wanton and malicious mischief. devious
discredit v. To injure the reputation of.
adj. Out of the common or regular track. devise v. To
discreet adj. Judicious.
invent.
discrepant adj. Opposite.
devout adj. Religious.
discriminate v. To draw a distinction.
dexterity n. Readiness, precision, efficiency, and ease in any physical activity or in any
discursive adj. Passing from one subject to another.
mechanical work.
discussion n. Debate.
diabolic adj. Characteristic of the devil.
disenfranchise v. To deprive of any right privilege or power
diacritical adj. Marking a difference.
disengage v. To become detached.
diagnose v. To distinguish, as a disease, by its characteristic phenomena.
disfavor n. Disregard.
diagnosis n. Determination of the distinctive nature of a disease.
disfigure v. To impair or injure the beauty, symmetry, or appearance of.
dialect n. Forms of speech collectively that are peculiar to the people of a particular district.
dialectician n. A logician. dishabille n. Undress or negligent attire.
dialogue n. A formal conversation in which two or more take part. dishonest adj. Untrustworthy. disillusion
diaphanous adj. Transparent. v. To disenchant.
diatomic adj. Containing only two atoms. disinfect v. To remove or destroy the poison of infectious or contagious diseases.
diatribe n. A bitter or malicious criticism. disinfectant n. A substance used to destroy the germs of infectious diseases. disinherit v.
dictum n. A positive utterance. To deprive of an inheritance.
didactic adj. Pertaining to teaching. disinterested adj. Impartial.
disjunctive adj. Helping or serving to disconnect or separate.
difference n. Dissimilarity in any respect.
differentia n. Any essential characteristic of a species by reason of which it differs from other species. dislocate v. To put out of proper place or order.
differential adj. Distinctive. dismissal n. Displacement by authority from an office or an employment. dismount v.
differentiate v. To acquire a distinct and separate character. To throw down, push off, or otherwise remove from a horse or the like. disobedience n.
diffidence n. Self-distrust. Neglect or refusal to comply with an authoritative injunction. disobedient adj. Neglecting
diffident adj. Affected or possessed with self-distrust. or refusing to obey.
diffusible adj. Spreading rapidly through the system and acting quickly. disown v. To refuse to acknowledge as one's own or as connected with oneself.
diffusion n. Dispersion. disparage v. To regard or speak of slightingly.
dignitary n. One who holds high rank. disparity n. Inequality.
dispel v. To drive away by or as by scattering in different directions.
digraph n. A union of two characters representing a single sound.
dispensation n. That which is bestowed on or appointed to one from a higher power.
digress v. To turn aside from the main subject and for a time dwell on some incidental matter.
displace v. To put out of the proper or accustomed place.
dilapidated pa. Fallen into decay or partial ruin.
dispossess v. To deprive of actual occupancy, especially of real estate.
dilate v. To enlarge in all directions.
disputation n. Verbal controversy.
dilatory adj. Tending to cause delay.
disqualify v. To debar.
dilemma n. A situation in which a choice between opposing modes of conduct is necessary.
dilettante n. A superficial amateur. disquiet v. To deprive of peace or tranquility.
diligence n. Careful and persevering effort to accomplish what is undertaken. dilute v. disregard v. To take no notice of. disreputable
To make more fluid or less concentrated by admixture with something. diminution n. adj. Dishonorable or disgraceful. disrepute n. A
Reduction. bad name or character. disrobe v. To unclothe.
disrupt v. To burst or break asunder.
dimly adv. Obscurely.
dissatisfy v. To displease.
dissect v. To cut apart or to pieces.
dissection n. The act or operation of cutting in pieces, specifically of a plant or an animal.

donee n. A person to whom a donation is made. donor n.
dissemble v. To hide by pretending something different.
One who makes a donation or present. dormant adj. Being
disseminate v. To sow or scatter abroad, as seed is sown.
in a state of or resembling sleep. doublet n. One of a pair
dissension n. Angry or violent difference of opinion. dissent
of like things.
n. Disagreement.
doubly adv. In twofold degree or extent.
dissentient n. One who disagrees.
dowry n. The property which a wife brings to her husband in marriage.
dissentious adj. Contentious.
drachma n. A modern and an ancient Greek coin.
dissertation n. Thesis.
dragnet n. A net to be drawn along the bottom of the water.
disservice n. An ill turn.
dragoon n. In the British army, a cavalryman.
dissever v. To divide.
drainage n. The means of draining collectively, as a system of conduits, trenches, pipes, etc.
dissimilar adj. Different.
dramatist n. One who writes plays.
dissipate v. To disperse or disappear.
dramatize v. To relate or represent in a dramatic or theatrical manner.
dissipation n. The state of being dispersed or scattered.
drastic adj. Acting vigorously.
dissolute adj. Lewd.
drought n. Dry weather, especially when so long continued as to cause vegetation to wither.
dissolution n. A breaking up of a union of persons. dissolve
drowsy adj. Heavy with sleepiness.
v. To liquefy or soften, as by heat or moisture. dissonance n.
drudgery n. Hard and constant work in any menial or dull occupation.
Discord.
dubious adj. Doubtful.
dissonant adj. Harsh or disagreeable in sound.
duckling n. A young duck.
dissuade v. To change the purpose or alter the plans of by persuasion, counsel, or pleading.
ductile adj. Capable of being drawn out, as into wire or a thread.
dissuasion n. The act of changing the purpose of or altering the plans of through persuasion, or
duet n. A composition for two voices or instruments.
pleading.
dun v. To make a demand or repeated demands on for payment.
disyllable n. A word of two syllables.
duplex adj. Having two parts.
distemper n. A disease or malady.
duplicity n. Double-dealing.
distend v. To stretch out or expand in every direction.
durance n. Confinement.
distensible adj. Capable of being stretched out or expanded in every direction.
duration n. The period of time during which anything lasts.
distention n. Expansion.
duteous adj. Showing submission to natural superiors. dutiable
distill v. To extract or produce by vaporization and condensation.
adj. Subject to a duty, especially a customs duty. dutiful adj.
distillation n. Separation of the more volatile parts of a substance from those less volatile.
Obedient.
distiller n. One occupied in the business of distilling alcoholic liquors.
dwindle v. To diminish or become less.
distinction n. A note or designation of honor, officially recognizing superiority or success in studies.
dyne n. The force which, applied to a mass of one gram for 1 second, would give it a velocity of 1
distort v. To twist into an unnatural or irregular form.
cm/s.
distrain v. To subject a person to distress. distrainor n.
earnest adj. Ardent in spirit and speech.
One who subjects a person to distress. distraught adj.
earthenware n. Anything made of clay and baked in a kiln or dried in the sun.
Bewildered.
eatable adj. Edible.
distrust n. Lack of confidence in the power, wisdom, or good intent of any person.
ebullient adj. Showing enthusiasm or exhilaration of feeling.
disunion n. Separation of relations or interests.
eccentric adj. Peculiar.
diurnal adj. Daily.
eccentricity n. Idiosyncrasy.
divagation n. Digression.
eclipse n. The obstruction of a heavenly body by its entering into the shadow of another body.
divergent adj. Tending in different directions.
economize v. To spend sparingly.
diverse adj. Capable of various forms. diversion
ecstasy n. Rapturous excitement or exaltation.
n. Pastime.
ecstatic adj. Enraptured.
diversity n. Dissimilitude.
edible adj. Suitable to be eaten.
divert v. To turn from the accustomed course or a line of action already established. divertible adj.
edict n. That which is uttered or proclaimed by authority as a rule of action.
Able to be turned from the accustomed course or a line of action already established. divest v. To strip,
edify v. To build up, or strengthen, especially in morals or religion.
specifically of clothes, ornaments, or accouterments or disinvestment. divination n. The pretended
editorial n. An article in a periodical written by the editor and published as an official argument.
forecast of future events or discovery of what is lost or hidden. divinity n. The quality or character of
educe v. To draw out.
being godlike.
efface v. To obliterate.
divisible adj. Capable of being separated into parts.
effect n. A consequence.
divisor n. That by which a number or quantity is divided.
effective adj. Fit for a destined purpose.
divulge v. To tell or make known, as something previously private or secret.
effectual adj. Efficient.
divulgence n. A divulging.
effeminacy n. Womanishness.
docile adj. Easy to manage.
effeminate adj. Having womanish traits or qualities.
docket n. The registry of judgments of a court.
effervesce v. To bubble up.
doe n. The female of the deer.
effervescent adj. Giving off bubbles of gas.
dogma n. A statement of religious faith or duty formulated by a body claiming authority.
effete adj. Exhausted, as having performed its functions.
dogmatic adj. Making statements without argument or evidence.
efficacious adj. Effective.
dogmatize v. To make positive assertions without supporting them by argument or evidence.
efficacy n. The power to produce an intended effect as shown in the production of it. efficiency n.
doleful adj. Melancholy.
The state of possessing adequate skill or knowledge for the performance of a duty. efficient adj. Having
dolesome adj. Melancholy.
and exercising the power to produce effects or results.
dolor n. Lamentation.
efflorescence n. The state of being flowery, or a flowery appearance.
dolorous adj. Expressing or causing sorrow or pain.
efflorescent adj. Opening in flower.
domain n. A sphere or field of action or interest.
effluvium n. A noxious or ill-smelling exhalation from decaying or putrefying matter.
domesticity n. Life in or fondness for one's home and family.
effrontery n. Unblushing impudence.
domicile n. The place where one lives.
effulgence n. Splendor.
dominance n. Ascendancy.
effuse v. To pour forth.
dominant adj. Conspicuously prominent.
effusion n. an outpouring.
dominate v. To influence controllingly.
egoism n. The theory that places man's chief good in the completeness of self.
domination n. Control by the exercise of power or constituted authority.
egoist n. One who advocates or practices egoism.
domineer v. To rule with insolence or unnecessary annoyance.
egotism n. Self-conceit.
donate v. To bestow as a gift, especially for a worthy cause. donator
egotist n. One given to self-mention or who is constantly telling of his own views and experiences.
n. One who makes a donation or present.
egregious adj. Extreme.

engender v. To produce.
egress n. Any place of exit.
engrave v. To cut or carve in or upon some surface.
eject v. To expel.
engross v. To occupy completely.
elapse v. To quietly terminate: said of time.
enhance v. To intensify.
elasticity n. That property of matter by which a body tends to return to a former shape after being
enigma n. A riddle.
changed.
enjoin v. To command.
electrolysis n. The process of decomposing a chemical compound by the passage of an electric
enkindle v. To set on fire.
current.
enlighten v. To cause to see clearly.
electrotype n. A metallic copy of any surface, as a coin.
enlist v. To enter voluntarily the military service by formal enrollment.
elegy n. A lyric poem lamenting the dead.
enmity n. Hatred.
element n. A component or essential part.
elicit v. To educe or extract gradually or without violence. ennoble v. To dignify.
eligible adj. Qualified for selection. enormity n. Immensity.
eliminate v. To separate and cast aside. enormous adj. Gigantic.
Elizabethan adj. Relating to Elizabeth, queen of England, or to her era. enrage v. To infuriate.
enrapture v. To delight extravagantly or intensely.
elocution n. The art of correct intonation, inflection, and gesture in public speaking or reading.
enshrine v. To keep sacred.
eloquent adj. Having the ability to express emotion or feeling in lofty and impassioned speech.
ensnare v. To entrap.
elucidate v. To bring out more clearly the facts concerning. elude v.
entail v. To involve; necessitate.
To evade the search or pursuit of by dexterity or artifice. elusion n.
entangle v. To involve in difficulties, confusion, or complications. enthrall
Evasion.
emaciate v. To waste away in flesh. v. To bring or hold under any overmastering influence. enthrone v. To invest
emanate v. To flow forth or proceed, as from some source. with sovereign power.
enthuse v. To yield to or display intense and rapturous feeling.
emancipate v. To release from bondage.
enthusiastic adj. Full of zeal and fervor.
embargo n. Authoritative stoppage of foreign commerce or of any special trade.
entirety n. A complete thing.
embark v. To make a beginning in some occupation or scheme.
entomology n. The branch of zoology that treats of insects.
embarrass v. To render flustered or agitated.
entrails n. pl. The internal parts of an animal.
embellish v. To make beautiful or elegant by adding attractive or ornamental features.
entreaty n. An earnest request.
embezzle v. To misappropriate secretly.
entree n. The act of entering.
emblazon v. To set forth publicly or in glowing terms.
entrench v. To fortify or protect, as with a trench or ditch and wall.
emblem n. A symbol.
entwine v. To interweave.
embody v. To express, formulate, or exemplify in a concrete, compact or visible form.
enumerate v. To name one by one.
embolden v. To give courage to.
embolism n. An obstruction or plugging up of an artery or other blood-vessel. epic n. A poem celebrating in formal verse the mythical achievements of great personages, heroes,
etc.
embroil v. To involve in dissension or strife. emerge
epicure n. One who cultivates a delicate taste for eating and drinking.
v. To come into view or into existence. emergence n.
Epicurean adj. Indulging, ministering, or pertaining to daintiness of appetite.
A coming into view.
emergent adj. Coming into view. epicycle n. A circle that rolls upon the external or internal circumference of another circle.
emeritus adj. Retired from active service but retained to an honorary position. epicycloid n. A curve traced by a point on the circumference of a circle which rolls upon another
emigrant n. One who moves from one place to settle in another. circle.
epidemic n. Wide-spread occurrence of a disease in a certain region.
emigrate v. To go from one country, state, or region for the purpose of settling or residing in another.
epidermis n. The outer skin.
eminence n. An elevated position with respect to rank, place, character, condition, etc. eminent
epigram n. A pithy phrasing of a shrewd observation. epilogue n.
adj. High in station, merit, or esteem.
emit v. To send or give out. The close of a narrative or dramatic poem. epiphany n. Any
appearance or bodily manifestation of a deity.
emphasis n. Any special impressiveness added to an utterance or act, or stress laid upon some word.
episode n. An incident or story in a literary work, separable from yet growing out of it. epitaph n.
emphasize v. To articulate or enunciate with special impressiveness upon a word, or a group of
An inscription on a tomb or monument in honor or in memory of the dead. epithet n. Word used
words.
emphatic adj. Spoken with any special impressiveness laid upon an act, word, or set of words. adjectivally to describe some quality or attribute of is objects, as in “Father Aeneas.”
epitome n. A simplified representation.
employee n. One who works for wages or a salary.
epizootic adj. Prevailing among animals.
employer n. One who uses or engages the services of other persons for pay.
epoch n. A interval of time, memorable for extraordinary events.
emporium n. A bazaar or shop.
epode n. A species of lyric poems.
empower v. To delegate authority to.
equalize v. To render uniform.
emulate v. To imitate with intent to equal or surpass.
equanimity n. Evenness of mind or temper. equestrian
enact v. To make into law, as by legislative act. enamor
adj. Pertaining to horses or horsemanship. equilibrium n.
v. To inspire with ardent love.
encamp v. To pitch tents for a resting-place. A state of balance.
equitable adj. Characterized by fairness.
encomium n. A formal or discriminating expression of praise.
equity n. Fairness or impartiality.
encompass v. To encircle.
equivalent adj. Equal in value, force, meaning, or the like.
encore n. The call for a repetition, as of some part of a play or performance.
equivocal adj. Ambiguous.
encourage v. To inspire with courage, hope, or strength of mind.
equivocate v. To use words of double meaning.
encroach v. To invade partially or insidiously and appropriate the possessions of another.
eradicate v. To destroy thoroughly.
encumber v. To impede with obstacles.
errant adj. Roving or wandering, as in search of adventure or opportunity for gallant deeds.
encyclical adj. Intended for general circulation.
encyclopedia n. A work containing information on subjects, or exhaustive of one subject. erratic adj. Irregular.
endanger v. To expose to peril. erroneous adj. Incorrect.
endear v. To cause to be loved. erudite adj. Very-learned.
erudition n. Extensive knowledge of literature, history, language, etc.
endemic adj. Peculiar to some specified country or people.
eschew v. To keep clear of.
endue v. To endow with some quality, gift, or grace, usually spiritual.
espy v. To keep close watch.
endurable adj. Tolerable.
esquire n. A title of dignity, office, or courtesy.
endurance n. The ability to suffer pain, distress, hardship, or stress of any kind without succumbing.
energetic adj. Working vigorously. essence n. That which makes a thing to be what it is. esthetic
enervate v. To render ineffective or inoperative. adj. Pertaining to beauty, taste, or the fine arts. estimable adj.
enfeeble v. To debilitate. Worthy of respect.
estrange v. To alienate.
enfranchise v. To endow with a privilege, especially with the right to vote.
estuary n. A wide lower part of a tidal river.
et cetera Latin. And so forth.

expect v. To look forward to as certain or probable.
eugenic adj. Relating to the development and improvement of race. eulogize v.
expectancy n. The act or state of looking forward to as certain or probable.
To speak or write a laudation of a person's life or character. eulogy n. A spoken or
expectorate v. To cough up and spit forth.
written laudation of a person's life or character.
expediency n. Fitness to meet the requirements of a particular case.
euphemism n. A figure of speech by which a phrase less offensive is substituted.
expedient adj. Contributing to personal advantage.
euphonious adj. Characterized by agreeableness of sound.
expedite v. To hasten the movement or progress of.
euphony n. Agreeableness of sound.
expeditious adj. Speedy.
eureka Greek. I have found it.
expend v. To spend.
evade v. To avoid by artifice.
expense n. The laying out or expending or money or other resources, as time or strength.
evanesce v. To vanish gradually.
expiate v. To make satisfaction or amends for.
evanescent adj. Fleeting.
explicate v. To clear from involvement. explicit
evangelical adj. Seeking the conversion of sinners.
adj. Definite.
evangelist n. A preacher who goes from place to place holding services.
explode v. To cause to burst in pieces by force from within.
evasion n. Escape. eventual
explosion n. A sudden and violent outbreak.
adj. Ultimate. evert v. To
explosive adj. Pertaining to a sudden and violent outbreak.
turn inside out.
exposition n. Formal presentation.
evict v. To dispossess pursuant to judicial decree.
expository adj. Pertaining to a formal presentation.
evidential adj. Indicative.
expostulate v. To discuss.
evince v. To make manifest or evident.
exposure n. An open situation or position in relation to the sun, elements, or points of the compass.
evoke v. To call or summon forth.
expressive adj. Full of meaning.
evolution n. Development or growth.
expulsion n. Forcible ejection. extant
evolve v. To unfold or expand.
adj. Still existing and known.
exacerbate v. To make more sharp, severe, or virulent.
extemporaneous adj. Done or made without much or any preparation.
exaggerate v. To overstate.
extempore adv. Without studied or special preparation.
exasperate v. To excite great anger in.
extensible adj. Capable of being thrust out.
excavate v. To remove by digging or scooping out.
extension n. A reaching or stretching out, as in space, time or scope.
exceed v. To go beyond, as in measure, quality, value, action, power, skill, etc.
extensive adj. Extended widely in space, time, or scope.
excel v. To be superior or distinguished.
extensor n. A muscle that causes extension. extenuate v.
excellence n. Possession of eminently or unusually good qualities.
To diminish the gravity or importance of. exterior n. That
excellency n. A title of honor bestowed upon various high officials.
which is outside.
excellent adj. Possessing distinguished merit.
external n. Anything relating or belonging to the outside.
excerpt n. An extract or selection from written or printed matter.
extinct adj. Being no longer in existence.
excess n. That which passes the ordinary, proper, or required limit, measure, or experience.
extinguish v. To render extinct.
excitable adj. Nervously high-strung.
extol v. To praise in the highest terms.
excitation n. Intensified emotion or action.
extort v. To obtain by violence, threats, compulsion, or the subjection of another to some necessity.
exclamation n. An abrupt or emphatic expression of thought or of feeling.
extortion n. The practice of obtaining by violence or compulsion.
exclude v. To shut out purposely or forcibly.
extradite v. To surrender the custody of.
exclusion n. Non-admission.
extradition n. The surrender by a government of a person accused of crime to the justice of
excrescence n. Any unnatural addition, outgrowth, or development.
another government.
excretion n. The getting rid of waste matter. excruciate
extrajudicial adj. Happening out of court.
v. To inflict severe pain or agony upon. excursion n. A
extraneous adj. Having no essential relation to a subject.
journey.
extraordinary adj. Unusual.
excusable adj. Justifiable.
extravagance n. Undue expenditure of money.
execrable adj. Abominable.
extravagant adj. Needlessly free or lavish in expenditure.
execration n. An accursed thing.
extremist n. One who supports extreme measures or holds extreme views. extremity n.
executor n. A person nominated by the will of another to execute the will.
The utmost point, side, or border, or that farthest removed from a mean position.
exegesis n. Biblical exposition or interpretation.
extricate v. Disentangle. extrude
exemplar n. A model, pattern, or original to be copied or imitated. exemplary
v. To drive out or away.
adj. Fitted to serve as a model or example worthy of imitation. exemplify v. To
exuberance n. Rich supply.
show by example.
exuberant adj. Marked by great plentifulness.
exempt adj. Free, clear, or released, as from some liability, or restriction affecting others.
fabricate v. To invent fancifully or falsely.
exert v. To make an effort.
fabulous adj. Incredible.
exhale v. To breathe forth.
facet n. One of the small triangular plane surfaces of a diamond or other gem.
exhaust v. To empty by draining off the contents. exhaustible
facetious adj. Amusing.
adj. Causing or tending to cause exhaustion. exhaustion n.
facial adj. Pertaining to the face.
Deprivation of strength or energy. exhaustive adj. Thorough
facile adj. Not difficult to do.
and complete in execution. exhilarate v. To fill with high or
facilitate v. To make more easy.
cheerful spirits.
facility n. Ease.
exhume v. To dig out of the earth (what has been buried).
facsimile n. An exact copy or reproduction.
exigency n. A critical period or condition.
faction n. A number of persons combined for a common purpose.
exigent adj. Urgent.
factious adj. Turbulent.
existence n. Possession or continuance of being.
fallacious adj. Illogical.
exit n. A way or passage out.
fallacy n. Any unsound or delusive mode of reasoning, or anything based on such reasoning.
exodus n. A going forth or departure from a place or country, especially of many people.
fallible adj. Capable of erring.
exonerate v. To relieve or vindicate from accusation, imputation, or blame.
fallow n. Land broken up and left to become mellow or to rest.
exorbitance n. Extravagance or enormity.
famish v. To suffer extremity of hunger or thirst.
exorbitant adj. Going beyond usual and proper limits. exorcise v.
fanatic n. A religious zealot.
To cast or drive out by religious or magical means. exotic adj.
fancier n. One having a taste for or interest in special objects.
Foreign.
fanciless adj. Unimaginative.
expand v. To increase in range or scope.
fastidious adj. Hard to please.
expanse n. A continuous area or stretch.
expansion n. Increase of amount, size, scope, or the like.
expatriate v. To drive from one's own country.
fathom n. A measure of length, 6 feet.

folio n. A sheet of paper folded once, or of a size adapted to folding once. folklore
fatuous adj. Idiotic
n. The traditions, beliefs, and customs of the common people. fondle v. To handle
faulty adj. Imperfect.
tenderly and lovingly.
faun n. One of a class of deities of the woods and herds represented as half human, with goats feet.
foolery n. Folly.
fawn n. A young deer.
foot-note n. A note of explanation or comment at the foot of a page or column.
fealty n. Loyalty.
foppery n. Dandyism.
feasible adj. That may be done, performed, or effected; practicable.
foppish adj. Characteristic of one who is unduly devoted to dress and the niceties of manners.
federate v. To league together.
forbearance n. Patient endurance or toleration of offenses.
feint n. Any sham, pretense, or deceptive movement.
forby adv. Besides.
felicitate v. To wish joy or happiness to, especially in view of a coming event.
forcible adj. Violent.
felicity n. A state of well-founded happiness. felon
forecourt n. A court opening directly from the street.
n. A criminal or depraved person. felonious adj.
forejudge v. To judge of before hearing evidence.
Showing criminal or evil purpose.
forepeak n. The extreme forward part of a ship's hold, under the lowest deck.
felony n. One of the highest class of offenses, and punishable with death or imprisonment.
foreshore n. That part of a shore uncovered at low tide. forebode v.
feminine adj. Characteristic of woman or womankind.
To be an omen or warning sign of, especially of evil. forecast v. To
fernery n. A place in which ferns are grown. ferocious
predict.
adj. Of a wild, fierce, and savage nature. ferocity n.
forecastle n. That part of the upper deck of a ship forward of the after fore-shrouds. foreclose v.
Savageness.
To bar by judicial proceedings the equitable right of a mortgagor to redeem property.
fervent adj. Ardent in feeling.
forefather n. An ancestor.
fervid adj. Intense.
forego v. To deny oneself the pleasure or profit of.
fervor n. Ardor or intensity of feeling.
foreground n. That part of a landscape or picture situated or represented as nearest the spectator.
festal adj. Joyous.
forehead n. The upper part of the face, between the eyes and the hair. foreign adj.
festive adj. Merry.
fete n. A festival or feast. Belonging to, situated in, or derived from another country. foreigner n. A citizen of
fetus n. The young in the womb or in the egg. a foreign country.
feudal adj. Pertaining to the relation of lord and vassal. foreknowledge n. Prescience.
feudalism n. The feudal system. foreman n. The head man. foreordain
fez n. A brimless felt cap in the shape of a truncated cone, usually red with a black tassel. v. To predetermine. foreordination n.
fiasco n. A complete or humiliating failure. Predestination.
forerun v. To go before as introducing or ushering in.
fickle adj. Unduly changeable in feeling, judgment, or purpose.
foresail n. A square sail.
fictitious adj. Created or formed by the imagination.
foresee v. To discern beforehand.
fidelity n. Loyalty.
foresight n. Provision against harm or need.
fiducial adj. Indicative of faith or trust.
foretell v. To predict.
fief n. A landed estate held under feudal tenure. filibuster
forethought n. Premeditation.
n. One who attempts to obstruct legislation. finale n.
forfeit v. To lose possession of through failure to fulfill some obligation.
Concluding performance.
forfend v. To ward off.
finality n. The state or quality of being final or complete.
forgery n. Counterfeiting.
finally adv. At last.
financial adj. Monetary. forgo v. To deny oneself.
financier n. One skilled in or occupied with financial affairs or operations. formation n. Relative disposition of parts.
finery n. That which is used to decorate the person or dress. formidable adj. Difficult to accomplish.
finesse n. Subtle contrivance used to gain a point. formula n. Fixed rule or set form. forswear
finite adj. Limited. v. To renounce upon oath. forte n. A strong
fiscal adj. Pertaining to the treasury or public finances of a government. point.
forth adv. Into notice or view.
fishmonger n. One who sells fish.
forthright adv. With directness.
fissure n. A crack or crack-like depression.
fortify v. To provide with defensive works.
fitful adj. Spasmodic.
fixture n. One who or that which is expected to remain permanently in its position. fortitude n. Patient courage.
flag-officer n. The captain of a flag-ship. foursome adj. Consisting of four.
flagrant adj. Openly scandalous. fracture n. A break.
fragile adj. Easily broken.
flamboyant adj. Characterized by extravagance and in general by want of good taste.
frailty n. Liability to be broken or destroyed.
flatulence n. Accumulation of gas in the stomach and bowels.
fragile adj. Capable of being broken.
flection n. The act of bending.
frankincense n. A gum or resin which on burning yields aromatic fumes.
fledgling n. A young bird.
frantic adj. Frenzied. fraternal
flexible adj. Pliable.
flimsy adj. Thin and weak. adj. Brotherly. fraudulence n.
flippant adj. Having a light, pert, trifling disposition. Deceitfulness. fraudulent adj.
floe n. A collection of tabular masses of floating polar ice. Counterfeit.
fray v. To fret at the edge so as to loosen or break the threads.
flora n. The aggregate of plants growing without cultivation in a district.
freemason n. A member of an ancient secret fraternity originally confined to skilled artisans.
floral adj. Pertaining to flowers.
freethinker n. One who rejects authority or inspiration in religion.
florid adj. Flushed with red.
free trade n. Commerce unrestricted by tariff or customs.
florist n. A dealer in flowers.
frequency n. The comparative number of any kind of occurrences within a given time or space. fresco n.
fluctuate v. To pass backward and forward irregularly from one state or degree to another.
The art of painting on a surface of plaster, particularly on walls and ceilings. freshness n. The state,
fluctuation n. Frequent irregular change back and forth from one state or degree to another.
flue n. A smoke-duct in a chimney. quality, or degree of being fresh.
fluent adj. Having a ready or easy flow of words or ideas. fretful adj. Disposed to peevishness. frightful
fluential adj. Pertaining to streams. adj. Apt to induce terror or alarm. frigid adj.
flux n. A state of constant movement, change, or renewal. Lacking warmth.
frigidarium n. A room kept at a low temperature for preserving fruits, meat, etc.
foggy adj. Obscure.
foible n. A personal weakness or failing. frivolity n. A trifling act, thought, saying, or practice.
frivolous adj. Trivial.
foist v. To palm off.
foliage n. Any growth of leaves.
frizz v. To give a crinkled, fluffy appearance to.

gigantic adj. Tremendous.
frizzle v. To cause to crinkle or curl, as the hair.
giver n. One who gives, in any sense.
frolicsome adj. Prankish.
glacial adj. Icy, or icily cold.
frontier n. The part of a nation's territory that abuts upon another country.
glacier n. A field or stream of ice.
frowzy adj. Slovenly in appearance.
gladden v. To make joyous.
frugal adj. Economical.
glazier n. One who cuts and fits panes of glass, as for windows.
fruition n. Fulfillment.
glimmer n. A faint, wavering, unsteady light.
fugacious adj. Fleeting.
glimpse n. A momentary look.
fulcrum n. The support on or against which a lever rests, or the point about which it turns.
globose adj. Spherical. globular
fulminate v. To cause to explode.
adj. Spherical.
fulsome adj. Offensive from excess of praise or commendation.
glorious adj. Of excellence and splendor.
fumigate v. To subject to the action of smoke or fumes, especially for disinfection.
glutinous adj. Sticky.
functionary n. An official.
gluttonous adj. Given to excess in eating.
fundamental adj. Basal.
gnash v. To grind or strike the teeth together, as from rage.
fungible adj. That may be measured, counted, or weighed.
Gordian knot n. Any difficulty the only issue out of which is by bold or unusual manners.
fungous adj. Spongy.
gourmand n. A connoisseur in the delicacies of the table.
fungus n. A plant destitute of chlorophyll, as a mushroom.
gosling n. A young goose.
furbish v. To restore brightness or beauty to.
gossamer adj. Flimsy.
furlong n. A measure, one-eighth of a mile.
gourd n. A melon, pumpkin, squash, or some similar fruit having a hard rind.
furlough n. A temporary absence of a soldier or sailor by permission of the commanding officer.
graceless adj. Ungracious.
furrier n. A dealer in or maker of fur goods.
gradation n. A step, degree, rank, or relative position in an order or series.
further adj. More distant or advanced.
gradient adj. Moving or advancing by steps.
furtherance n. Advancement.
granary n. A storehouse for grain after it is thrashed or husked.
furtive adj. Stealthy or sly, like the actions of a thief.
grandeur n. The quality of being grand or admirably great.
fuse v. To unite or blend as by melting together. fusible
grandiloquent adj. Speaking in or characterized by a pompous or bombastic style.
adj. Capable of being melted by heat.
grandiose adj. Having an imposing style or effect.
futile adj. Of no avail or effect.
grantee n. The person to whom property is transferred by deed.
futurist n. A person of expectant temperament.
grantor n. The maker of a deed.
gauge n. An instrument for measuring.
granular adj. Composed of small grains or particles.
gaiety n. Festivity.
granulate v. To form into grains or small particles.
gaily adv. Merrily.
granule n. A small grain or particle.
gait n. Carriage of the body in going.
grapple v. To take hold of.
gallant adj. Possessing a brave or chivalrous spirit.
gratification n. Satisfaction.
galore adj. Abundant.
gratify v. To please, as by satisfying a physical or mental desire or need.
galvanic adj. Pertaining or relating to electricity produced by chemical action.
gratuitous adj. Voluntarily.
galvanism n. Current electricity, especially that arising from chemical action.
gratuity n. That which is given without demand or claim. Tip.
galvanize v. To imbue with life or animation.
gravity n. Seriousness.
gamble v. To risk money or other possession on an event, chance, or contingency.
gregarious adj. Not habitually solitary or living alone.
gambol n. Playful leaping or frisking.
grenadier n. A member of a regiment composed of men of great stature.
gamester n. A gambler.
grief n. Sorrow.
gamut n. The whole range or sequence.
grievance n. That which oppresses, injures, or causes grief and at the same time a sense of wrong.
garnish v. In cookery, to surround with additions for embellishment.
grievous adj. Creating affliction.
garrison n. The military force stationed in a fort, town, or other place for its defense.
grimace n. A distortion of the features, occasioned by some feeling of pain, disgust, etc.
garrote v. To execute by strangling. garrulous
grindstone n. A flat circular stone, used for sharpening tools.
adj. Given to constant trivial talking. gaseous adj.
grisly adj. Fear-inspiring.
Light and unsubstantial.
grotesque adj. Incongruously composed or ill-proportioned.
gastric adj. Of, pertaining to, or near the stomach.
grotto n. A small cavern.
gastritis n. Inflammation of the stomach.
ground n. A pavement or floor or any supporting surface on which one may walk.
gastronomy n. The art of preparing and serving appetizing food.
guess n. Surmise. guile
gendarme n. In continental Europe, particularly in France, a uniformed and armed police officer.
n. Duplicity. guileless
genealogy n. A list, in the order of succession, of ancestors and their descendants. genealogist n.
adj. Frank.
A tracer of pedigrees.
guinea n. An English monetary unit.
generality n. The principal portion.
guise n. The external appearance as produced by garb or costume.
generalize v. To draw general inferences.
gullible adj. Credulous.
generally adv. Ordinarily.
gumption n. Common sense.
generate v. To produce or cause to be.
gusto n. Keen enjoyment. guy
generic adj. Noting a genus or kind; opposed to specific.
n. Stay-rope.
generosity n. A disposition to give liberally or to bestow favors heartily.
guzzle v. To swallow greedily or hastily; gulp.
genesis n. Creation.
gynecocracy n. Female supremacy.
geniality n. Warmth and kindliness of disposition.
gynecology n. The science that treats of the functions and diseases peculiar to women.
genital adj. Of or pertaining to the animal reproductive organs.
gyrate v. To revolve.
genitive adj. Indicating source, origin, possession, or the like.
gyroscope n. An instrument for illustrating the laws of rotation.
genteel adj. Well-bred or refined.
habitable adj. Fit to be dwelt in.
gentile adj. Belonging to a people not Jewish.
habitant n. Dweller.
geology n. The department of natural science that treats of the constitution and structure of the
habitual adj. According to usual practice.
earth.
habitude n. Customary relation or association.
germane adj. Relevant.
hackney v. To make stale or trite by repetition.
germinate v. To begin to develop into an embryo or higher form.
haggard adj. Worn and gaunt in appearance.
gestation n. Pregnancy.
halcyon adj. Calm.
gesticulate v. To make gestures or motions, as in speaking, or in place of speech. gesture n. A
hale adj. Of sound and vigorous health.
movement or action of the hands or face, expressive of some idea or emotion. ghastly adj.
handwriting n. Penmanship.
Hideous.
hanger-on n. A parasite.
gibe v. To utter taunts or reproaches.
happy-go-lucky adj. Improvident.
giddy adj. Affected with a whirling or swimming sensation in the head.
harangue n. A tirade.
humiliate v. To put to shame.
harass v. To trouble with importunities, cares, or annoyances.
hussar n. A light-horse trooper armed with saber and carbine.
harbinger n. One who or that which foreruns and announces the coming of any person or thing.
hustle v. To move with haste and promptness.
hard-hearted adj. Lacking pity or sympathy.
hybrid adj. Cross-bred.
hardihood n. Foolish daring. harmonious
hydra n. The seven- or nine-headed water-serpent slain by Hercules.
adj. Concordant in sound. havoc n.
hydraulic adj. Involving the moving of water, of the force exerted by water in motion.
Devastation.
hydrodynamics n. The branch of mechanics that treats of the dynamics of fluids.
hawthorn n. A thorny shrub much used in England for hedges.
hazard n. Risk. hydroelectric adj. Pertaining to electricity developed water or steam. hydromechanics n.
The mechanics of fluids.
head first adv. Precipitately, as in diving. head
hydrometer n. An instrument for determining the density of solids and liquids by flotation.
foremost adv. Precipitately, as in diving.
hydrostatics n. The branch of science that treats of the pressure and equilibrium of fluids. hydrous
heartrending adj. Very depressing. heathenish
adj. Watery.
adj. Irreligious.
hygiene n. The branch of medical science that relates to improving health.
heedless adj. Thoughtless.
hypercritical adj. Faultfinding. hypnosis
heifer n. A young cow. heinous
n. An artificial trance-sleep. hypnotic adj.
adj. Odiously sinful.
Tending to produce sleep.
hemorrhage n. Discharge of blood from a ruptured or wounded blood-vessel. hemorrhoids n.
hypnotism n. An artificially induced somnambulistic state in which the mind readily acts on
pl. Tumors composed of enlarged and thickened blood-vessels, at the lower end of the rectum.
suggestion.
henchman n. A servile assistant and subordinate.
hypnotize v. To produce a somnambulistic state in which the mind readily acts on suggestions.
henpeck v. To worry or harass by ill temper and petty annoyances.
hypocrisy n. Extreme insincerity.
heptagon n. A figure having seven sides and seven angles. heptarchy n.
hypocrite n. One who makes false professions of his views or beliefs.
A group of seven governments.
hypodermic adj. Pertaining to the area under the skin.
herbaceous adj. Having the character of a herb.
hypotenuse n. The side of a right-angled triangle opposite the right angle. hypothesis n.
herbarium n. A collection of dried plants scientifically arranged for study.
A proposition taken for granted as a premise from which to reach a conclusion.
herbivorous adj. Feeding on herbs or other vegetable matter, as animals. hereditary
hysteria n. A nervous affection occurring typically in paroxysms of laughing and crying.
adj. Passing naturally from parent to child.
ichthyic adj. Fish-like.
heredity n. Transmission of physical or mental qualities, diseases, etc., from parent to offspring. heresy
ichthyology n. The branch of zoology that treats of fishes.
n. An opinion or doctrine subversive of settled beliefs or accepted principles. heretic n. One who
ichthyosaurs n. A fossil reptile.
holds opinions contrary to the recognized standards or tenets of any philosophy. heritage n. Birthright.
icily adv. Frigidly.
hernia n. Protrusion of any internal organ in whole or in part from its normal position.
iciness n. The state of being icy. icon
hesitancy n. A pausing to consider.
n. An image or likeness. iconoclast n.
hesitant adj. Vacillating.
An image-breaker.
hesitation n. Vacillation.
idealize v. To make to conform to some mental or imaginary standard.
heterodox adj. At variance with any commonly accepted doctrine or opinion.
idiom n. A use of words peculiar to a particular language. idiosyncrasy n.
heterogeneity n. Unlikeness of constituent parts.
A mental quality or habit peculiar to an individual. idolize v. To regard with
heterogeneous adj. Consisting of dissimilar elements or ingredients of different kinds.
inordinate love or admiration.
heteromorphic adj. Deviating from the normal form or standard type.
ignoble adj. Low in character or purpose.
hexangular adj. Having six angles.
ignominious adj. Shameful.
hexapod adj. Having six feet.
Iliad n. A Greek epic poem describing scenes from the siege of Troy.
hexagon n. A figure with six angles.
illegal adj. Not according to law.
hiatus n. A break or vacancy where something necessary to supply the connection is wanting.
illegible adj. Undecipherable.
hibernal adj. Pertaining to winter.
illegitimate adj. Unlawfully begotten.
Hibernian adj. Pertaining to Ireland, or its people.
illiberal adj. Stingy.
hideous adj. Appalling. hilarious
illicit adj. Unlawful.
adj. Boisterously merry. hillock n. A
illimitable adj. Boundless.
small hill or mound. hinder v. To
illiterate adj. Having little or no book-learning.
obstruct.
ill-natured adj. Surly.
hindmost adj. Farthest from the front.
illogical adj. Contrary to the rules of sound thought. illuminant n.
hindrance n. An obstacle.
That which may be used to produce light. illuminate v. To supply
hirsute adj. Having a hairy covering.
with light.
hoard v. To gather and store away for the sake of accumulation. hoarse adj.
illumine v. To make bright or clear.
Having the voice harsh or rough, as from a cold or fatigue. homage n.
illusion n. An unreal image presented to the senses.
Reverential regard or worship.
illusive adj. Deceptive.
homogeneity n. Congruity of the members or elements or parts.
illusory adj. Deceiving or tending to deceive, as by false appearance.
homogeneous adj. Made up of similar parts or elements. homologous
imaginable adj. That can be imagined or conceived in the mind. imaginary
adj. Identical in nature, make-up, or relation.
adj. Fancied.
homonym n. A word agreeing in sound with but different in meaning from another.
imbibe v. To drink or take in.
homophone n. A word agreeing in sound with but different in meaning from another.
imbroglio n. A misunderstanding attended by ill feeling, perplexity, or strife.
honorarium n. A token fee or payment to a professional man for services. hoodwink v.
imbrue v. To wet or moisten.
To deceive.
imitation n. That which is made as a likeness or copy.
horde n. A gathered multitude of human beings.
imitator n. One who makes in imitation.
hosiery n. A stocking.
immaculate adj. Without spot or blemish.
hospitable adj. Disposed to treat strangers or guests with generous kindness. hospitality n.
immaterial adj. Of no essential consequence.
The practice of receiving and entertaining strangers and guests with kindness.
immature adj. Not full-grown.
hostility n. Enmity.
immeasurable adj. Indefinitely extensive.
huckster n. One who retails small wares.
immense adj. Very great in degree, extent, size, or quantity.
humane adj. Compassionate. humanitarian
immerse v. To plunge or dip entirely under water or other fluid.
n. A philanthropist. humanize v. To make
immersion n. The act of plunging or dipping entirely under water or another fluid.
gentle or refined.
immigrant n. A foreigner who enters a country to settle there. immigrate v.
humbug n. Anything intended or calculated to deceive or mislead.
To come into a country or region from a former habitat. imminence n.
Impending evil or danger.
imminent adj. Dangerous and close at hand.
immiscible adj. Separating, as oil and water.
immoral adj. Habitually engaged in licentious or lewd practices.

inaudible adj. That can not be heard.
immortalize v. To cause to last or to be known or remembered throughout a great or
inborn adj. Implanted by nature. inbred
indefinite length of time.
adj. Innate.
immovable adj. Steadfast.
incandescence n. The state of being white or glowing with heat.
immune adj. Exempt, as from disease.
incandescent adj. White or glowing with heat.
immutable adj. Unchangeable.
incapacitate v. To deprive of power, capacity, competency, or qualification.
impair v. To cause to become less or worse.
incapacity n. Want of power to apprehend, understand, and manage.
impalpable adj. Imperceptible to the touch. impartial
incarcerate v. To imprison.
adj. Unbiased.
incendiary n. Chemical or person who starts a fire-literally or figuratively.
impassable adj. That can not be passed through or over.
incentive n. That which moves the mind or inflames the passions. inception n.
impassible adj. Not moved or affected by feeling. impassive
The beginning.
adj. Unmoved by or not exhibiting feeling.
impatience n. Unwillingness to brook delays or wait the natural course of things. inceptive adj. Beginning.
impeccable adj. Blameless. incessant adj. Unceasing.
impecunious adj. Having no money. inchmeal adv. Piecemeal.
impede v. To be an obstacle or to place obstacles in the way of. inchoate adj. Incipient.
inchoative n. That which begins, or expresses beginning.
impel v. To drive or urge forward.
incidence n. Casual occurrence.
impend v. To be imminent.
incident n. A happening in general, especially one of little importance.
imperative adj. Obligatory.
incidentally adv. Without intention.
imperceptible adj. Indiscernible.
imperfectible adj. That can not be perfected. incinerate v. To reduce to ashes.
imperil v. To endanger. incipience n. Beginning.
incipient adj. Initial.
imperious adj. Insisting on obedience.
incisor n. A front or cutting tooth.
impermissible adj. Not permissible.
incite v. To rouse to a particular action.
impersonal adj. Not relating to a particular person or thing.
incitement n. That which moves to action, or serves as an incentive or stimulus.
impersonate v. To appear or act in the character of. impersuadable
incoercible adj. Incapable of being forced, constrained, or compelled.
adj. Unyielding.
incoherence n. Want of connection, or agreement, as of parts or ideas in thought, speech, etc.
impertinence n. Rudeness.
incoherent adj. Not logically coordinated, as to parts, elements, or details. incombustible adj.
imperturbable adj. Calm.
That can not be burned.
impervious adj. Impenetrable.
incomparable adj. Matchless.
impetuosity n. Rashness.
incompatible adj. Discordant.
impetuous adj. Impulsive.
incompetence n. General lack of capacity or fitness.
impetus n. Any impulse or incentive.
incompetent adj. Not having the abilities desired or necessary for any purpose.
impiety n. Irreverence toward God.
impious adj. Characterized by irreverence or irreligion. incomplete adj. Lacking some element, part, or adjunct necessary or required.
implausible adj. Not plausible. incomprehensible adj. Not understandable.
incompressible adj. Resisting all attempts to reduce volume by pressure.
impliable adj. Capable of being inferred.
inconceivable adj. Incomprehensible.
implicate v. To show or prove to be involved in or concerned
incongruous adj. Unsuitable for the time, place, or occasion.
implicit adj. Implied.
inconsequential adj. Valueless.
imply v. To signify.
inconsiderable adj. Small in quantity or importance.
impolitic adj. Inexpedient.
inconsistent adj. Contradictory.
importation n. The act or practice of bringing from one country into another.
importunate adj. Urgent in character, request, or demand. inconstant adj. Changeable.
importune v. To harass with persistent demands or entreaties. incontrovertible adj. Indisputable.
inconvenient adj. Interfering with comfort or progress.
impotent adj. Destitute of or lacking in power, physical, moral, or intellectual.
indefensible adj. Untenable.
impoverish v. To make indigent or poor.
indefinitely adv. In a vague or uncertain way.
impracticable adj. Not feasible.
indelible adj. That can not be blotted out, effaced, destroyed, or removed.
impregnable adj. That can not be taken by assault.
impregnate v. To make pregnant. indescribable adj. That can not be described.
impromptu n. Anything done or said on the impulse of the moment. indestructible adj. That can not be destroyed.
improper adj. Not appropriate, suitable, or becoming. indicant adj. That which points out.
impropriety n. The state or quality of being unfit, unseemly, or inappropriate. indicator n. One who or that which points out. indict
improvident adj. Lacking foresight or thrift. v. To find and declare chargeable with crime.
improvise v. To do anything extemporaneously or offhand. indigence n. Poverty.
indigenous adj. Native.
imprudent adj. Heedless.
indigent adj. Poor.
impudence n. Insolent disrespect.
indigestible adj. Not digestible, or difficult to digest.
impugn v. To assail with arguments, insinuations, or accusations.
impulsion n. Impetus. indigestion n. Difficulty or failure in the alimentary canal in changing food into absorptive
nutriment.
impulsive adj. Unpremeditated. impunity
indignant adj. Having such anger and scorn as is aroused by meanness or wickedness.
n. Freedom from punishment. impure adj.
indignity n. Unmerited contemptuous conduct or treatment.
Tainted.
impute v. To attribute. indiscernible adj. Not perceptible.
indiscreet adj. Lacking wise judgment.
inaccessible adj. Difficult of approach. inaccurate
indiscriminate adj. Promiscuous.
adj. Not exactly according to the facts. inactive adj.
indispensable adj. Necessary or requisite for the purpose.
Inert.
indistinct adj. Vague.
inadequate adj. Insufficient.
indivertible adj. That can not be turned aside.
inadmissible adj. Not to be approved, considered, or allowed, as testimony.
indivisible adj. Not separable into parts.
inadvertent adj. Accidental.
indolence n. Laziness.
inadvisable adj. Unadvisable.
indolent adj. Habitually inactive or idle.
inane adj. Silly.
indomitable adj. Unconquerable. induct
inanimate adj. Destitute of animal life.
v. To bring in.
inapprehensible adj. Not to be understood.
indulgence n. The yielding to inclination, passion, desire, or propensity in oneself or another.
inapt adj. Awkward or slow.
indulgent adj. Yielding to the desires or humor of oneself or those under one's care.
inarticulate adj. Speechless.
inebriate v. To intoxicate. inedible

inoffensive adj. Causing nothing displeasing or disturbing. inopportune
adj. Not good for food. ineffable
adj. Unsuitable or inconvenient, especially as to time. inquire v. To ask
adj. Unutterable.
information about.
inefficient adj. Not accomplishing an intended purpose.
inquisition n. A court or tribunal for examination and punishment of heretics.
inefficiency n. That which does not accomplish an intended purpose.
inquisitive adj. Given to questioning, especially out of curiosity.
ineligible adj. Not suitable to be selected or chosen.
inquisitor n. One who makes an investigation.
inept adj. Not fit or suitable.
inroad n. Forcible encroachment or trespass.
inert adj. Inanimate.
insatiable adj. That desires or craves immoderately or unappeasably. inscribe v.
inestimable adj. Above price.
To enter in a book, or on a list, roll, or document, by writing. inscrutable adj.
inevitable adj. Unavoidable.
Impenetrably mysterious or profound.
inexcusable adj. Not to be justified.
insecure adj. Not assured of safety.
inexhaustible adj. So large or furnishing so great a supply as not to be emptied, wasted, or
insensible adj. Imperceptible.
spent.
insentient adj. Lacking the power of feeling or perceiving.
inexorable adj. Unrelenting.
inseparable adj. That can not be separated. insidious
inexpedient adj. Unadvisable.
adj. Working ill by slow and stealthy means. insight n.
inexpensive adj. Low-priced.
Intellectual discernment.
inexperience n. Lack of or deficiency in experience. inexplicable
insignificance n. Lack of import or of importance.
adj. Such as can not be made plain. inexpressible adj. Unutterable.
insignificant adj. Without importance, force, or influence.
inextensible adj. Of unchangeable length or area.
insinuate v. To imply.
infallible adj. Exempt from error of judgment, as in opinion or statement.
insipid adj. Tasteless.
infamous adj. Publicly branded or notorious, as for vice, or crime. infamy n.
insistence n. Urgency.
Total loss or destitution of honor or reputation.
insistent adj. Urgent.
inference n. The derivation of a judgment from any given material of knowledge on the ground
insolence n. Pride or haughtiness exhibited in contemptuous and overbearing treatment of others.
of law.
insolent adj. Impudent.
infernal adj. Akin to or befitting hell or its occupants.
insomnia n. Sleeplessness.
infest v. To be present in such numbers as to be a source of annoyance, trouble, or danger.
inspector n. An official appointed to examine or oversee any matter of public interest or
infidel n. One who denies the existence of God.
infidelity n. Disloyalty. importance.
instance n. A single occurrence or happening of a given kind.
infinite adj. Measureless.
instant n. A very brief portion of time.
infinity n. Boundless or immeasurable extension or duration.
instantaneous adj. Done without perceptible lapse of time.
infirm adj. Lacking in bodily or mental strength.
instigate v. To provoke.
infirmary n. A place for the reception or treatment of the sick.
instigator n. One who incites to evil.
infirmity n. A physical, mental, or moral weakness or flaw.
instill v. To infuse.
inflammable adj. Easily set on fire or excited.
instructive adj. Conveying knowledge.
inflammation n. A morbid process in some part of the body characterized by heat, swelling, and
insufficiency n. Inadequacy.
pain.
insufficient adj. Inadequate for some need, purpose, or use.
inflexible adj. That can not be altered or varied.
insular adj. Pertaining to an island.
influence n. Ability to sway the will of another.
insulate v. To place in a detached state or situation.
influential adj. Having the power to sway the will of another.
insuperable adj. Invincible.
influx n. Infusion.
insuppressible adj. Incapable of being concealed.
infrequence n. Rareness.
insurgence n. Uprising.
infrequent adj. Uncommon.
insurgent n. One who takes part in forcible opposition to the constituted authorities of a place.
infringe v. To trespass upon.
insurrection n. The state of being in active resistance to authority.
infuse v. To instill, introduce, or inculcate, as principles or qualities.
intangible adj. Not perceptible to the touch.
infusion n. The act of imbuing, or pouring in.
integrity n. Uprightness of character and soundness of moral principle.
ingenious adj. Evincing skill, originality, or cleverness, as in contrivance or arrangement.
intellect n. The faculty of perception or thought.
ingenuity n. Cleverness in contriving, combining, or originating.
intellectual adj. Characterized by intelligence.
ingenuous adj. Candid, frank, or open in character or quality. inglorious
intelligence n. Capacity to know or understand.
adj. Shameful.
intelligible adj. Comprehensible.
ingraft v. To set or implant deeply and firmly.
intemperance n. Immoderate action or indulgence, as of the appetites. intension
ingratiate v. To win confidence or good graces for oneself.
ingratitude n. Insensibility to kindness. n. The act of stringing or stretching, or state of being strained. intensive adj.
ingredient n. Component. Adding emphasis or force.
intention n. That upon which the mind is set.
inherence n. The state of being permanently existing in something.
interact v. To act reciprocally.
inherent adj. Intrinsic.
inhibit v. To hold back or in. intercede v. To mediate between persons.
inhospitable adj. Not disposed to entertain strangers gratuitously. intercept v. To interrupt the course of.
inhuman adj. Savage. intercession n. Entreaty in behalf of others.
inhume v. To place in the earth, as a dead body. intercessor n. A mediator.
interdict n. Authoritative act of prohibition.
inimical adj. Adverse.
interim n. Time between acts or periods.
iniquity n. Gross wrong or injustice.
interlocutor n. One who takes part in a conversation or oral discussion.
initiate v. To perform the first act or rite. inject
interlude n. An action or event considered as coming between others of greater length.
v. To introduce, as a fluid, by injection.
intermediate adj. Being in a middle place or degree or between extremes. interminable adj.
injunction n. Mandate.
inkling n. A hint. Having no limit or end.
intermission n. A recess.
inland adj. Remote from the sea.
inlet n. A small body of water leading into a larger. intermit v. To cause to cease temporarily.
inmost adj. Deepest within. intermittent adj. A temporary discontinuance.
innocuous adj. Harmless. interpolation n. Verbal interference.
interpose v. To come between other things or persons.
innovate v. To introduce or strive to introduce new things.
interposition n. A coming between.
innuendo n. Insinuation.
interpreter n. A person who makes intelligible the speech of a foreigner by oral translation.
innumerable adj. Countless.
interrogate v. To examine formally by questioning.
interrogative adj. Having the nature or form of a question.

irrational adj. Not possessed of reasoning powers or understanding.
interrogatory n. A question or inquiry.
interrupt v. To stop while in progress. irreducible adj. That can not be lessened. irrefragable
intersect v. To cut through or into so as to divide. adj. That can not be refuted or disproved. irrefrangible
intervale n. A low tract of land between hills, especially along a river. adj. That can not be broken or violated. irrelevant adj.
intervene v. To interfere for some end. Inapplicable.
irreligious adj. Indifferent or opposed to religion.
intestacy n. The condition resulting from one's dying not having made a valid will.
intestate adj. Not having made a valid will. irreparable adj. That can not be rectified or made amends for.
irrepressible adj. That can not be restrained or kept down. irresistible
intestine n. That part of the digestive tube below or behind the stomach, extending to the anus.
adj. That can not be successfully withstood or opposed. irresponsible adj.
intimacy n. Close or confidential friendship.
Careless of or unable to meet responsibilities.
intimidate v. To cause to become frightened.
irreverence n. The quality showing or expressing a deficiency of veneration, especially for sacred
intolerable adj. Insufferable.
intolerance n. Inability or unwillingness to bear or endure. things.
intolerant adj. Bigoted. irreverent adj. Showing or expressing a deficiency of veneration, especially for sacred things.
intoxicant n. Anything that unduly exhilarates or excites. irreverential adj. Showing or expressing a deficiency of veneration, especially for sacred things.
intoxicate v. To make drunk. irreversible adj. Irrevocable.
irrigant adj. Serving to water lands by artificial means.
intracellular adj. Occurring or situated within a cell.
irrigate v. To water, as land, by ditches or other artificial means. irritable
intramural adj. Situated within the walls of a city.
adj. Showing impatience or ill temper on little provocation. irritancy n. The
intrepid adj. Fearless and bold.
intricacy n. Perplexity. quality of producing vexation.
intricate adj. Difficult to follow or understand. irritant n. A mechanical, chemical, or pathological agent of inflammation, pain, or tension.
irritate v. To excite ill temper or impatience in.
intrigue n. A plot or scheme, usually complicated and intended to accomplish something by
irruption n. Sudden invasion.
secret ways.
isle n. An island.
intrinsic adj. Inherent.
islet n. A little island.
introductory adj. Preliminary.
isobar n. A line joining points at which the barometric pressure is the same at a specified moment.
introgression n. Entrance.
isochronous adj. Relating to or denoting equal intervals of time.
intromit v. To insert.
isolate v. To separate from others of its kind.
introspect v. To look into.
isothermal adj. Having or marking equality of temperature.
introspection n. The act of observing and analyzing one's own thoughts and feelings.
itinerant adj. Wandering.
introversion n. The act of turning or directing inward, physically or mentally.
itinerary n. A detailed account or diary of a journey.
introvert v. To turn within.
itinerate v. To wander from place to place.
intrude v. To come in without leave or license.
jargon n. Confused, unintelligible speech or highly technical speech.
intrusion n. The act of entering without warrant or invitation; encroachment.
jaundice n. A morbid condition, due to obstructed excretion of bile or characterized by yellowing
intuition n. Instinctive knowledge or feeling. inundate
of the skin.
v. To fill with an overflowing abundance. inundation
jeopardize v. To imperil.
n. Flood.
Jingo n. One of a party in Great Britain in favor of spirited and demonstrative foreign policy.
inure v. To harden or toughen by use, exercise, or exposure.
jocose adj. Done or made in jest.
invalid adj. Having no force, weight, or cogency.
jocular adj. Inclined to joke.
invalid n. One who is disabled by illness or injury.
joggle n. A sudden irregular shake or a push causing such a shake.
invalidate v. To render of no force or effect. invaluable
journalize v. To keep a diary.
adj. Exceedingly precious.
jovial adj. Merry.
invariable adj. Unchangeable.
jubilation n. Exultation.
invasion n. Encroachment, as by an act of intrusion or trespass.
judgment n. The faculty by the exercise of which a deliberate conclusion is reached.
invective n. An utterance intended to cast censure, or reproach.
judicature n. Distribution and administration of justice by trial and judgment. judicial
inveigh v. To utter vehement censure or invective.
adj. Pertaining to the administration of justice.
inventive adj. Quick at contrivance.
judiciary n. That department of government which administers the law relating to civil and criminal
inverse adj. Contrary in tendency or direction.
justice.
inversion n. Change of order so that the first shall become last and the last first.
judicious adj. Prudent.
invert v. To turn inside out, upside down, or in opposite direction.
juggle v. To play tricks of sleight of hand. jugglery
investigator n. One who investigates. investor
n. The art or practice of sleight of hand. jugular adj.
n. One who invests money. inveterate adj.
Pertaining to the throat.
Habitual.
juicy adj. Succulent.
invidious adj. Showing or feeling envy.
junction n. The condition of being joined.
invigorate v. To animate.
juncture n. An articulation, joint, or seam.
invincible adj. Not to be conquered, subdued, or overcome.
junta n. A council or assembly that deliberates in secret upon the affairs of government.
inviolable adj. Incapable of being injured or disturbed. invoke v.
juridical adj. Assumed by law to exist.
To call on for assistance or protection. involuntary adj.
jurisdiction n. Lawful power or right to exercise official authority.
Unwilling.
jurisprudence n. The science of rights in accordance with positive law.
involution n. Complication.
juror n. One who serves on a jury or is sworn in for jury duty in a court of justice.
involve v. To draw into entanglement, literally or figuratively.
joust v. To engage in a tilt with lances on horseback.
invulnerable adj. That can not be wounded or hurt. inwardly
justification n. Vindication.
adv. With no outward manifestation.
juvenile adj. Characteristic of youth.
iota n. A small or insignificant mark or part.
juxtapose v. To place close together.
irascible adj. Prone to anger.
keepsake n. Anything kept or given to be kept for the sake of the giver.
irate adj. Moved to anger.
kerchief n. A square of linen, silk, or other material, used as a covering for the head or neck.
ire n. Wrath.
kernel n. A grain or seed.
iridescence n. A many-colored appearance.
kiln n. An oven or furnace for baking, burning, or drying industrial products.
iridescent adj. Exhibiting changing rainbow-colors due to the interference of the light.
kiloliter n. One thousand liters. kilometer
irk v. To afflict with pain, vexation, or fatigue.
n. A length of 1,000 meters. kilowatt n.
irksome adj. Wearisome.
One thousand watts.
irony n. Censure or ridicule under cover of praise or compliment.
irradiance n. Luster.
irradiate v. To render clear and intelligible.
kimono n. A loose robe, fastening with a sash, the principal outer garment in Japan.
levity n. Frivolity.
kind-hearted adj. Having a kind and sympathetic nature.
levy v. To impose and collect by force or threat of force.
kingling n. A petty king.
lewd adj. Characterized by lust or lasciviousness.
kingship n. Royal state.
lexicographer n. One who makes dictionaries.
kinsfolk n. pl. Relatives.
knavery n. Deceitfulness in dealing. lexicography n. The making of dictionaries.
lexicon n. A dictionary.
knead v. To mix and work into a homogeneous mass, especially with the hands.
liable adj. Justly or legally responsible.
knickknack n. A small article, more for ornament that use.
libel n. Defamation.
knight errant n. One of the wandering knights who in the middle ages went forth in search of
liberalism n. Opposition to conservatism. liberate
adventure.
v. To set free or release from bondage. licentious
knighthood n. Chivalry.
adj. Wanton.
laborious adj. Toilsome.
licit adj. Lawful.
labyrinth n. A maze.
liege adj. Sovereign.
lacerate v. To tear rudely or raggedly.
lien n. A legal claim or hold on property, as security for a debt or charge.
lackadaisical adj. Listless.
lieu n. Stead.
lactation n. The secretion of milk.
lifelike adj. Realistic.
lacteal adj. Milky.
lifelong adj. Lasting or continuous through life.
lactic adj. Pertaining to milk.
lifetime n. The time that life continues. ligament
laddie n. A lad.
n. That which binds objects together.
ladle n. A cup-shaped vessel with a long handle, intended for dipping up and pouring liquids.
ligature n. Anything that constricts, or serves for binding or tying.
laggard adj. Falling behind.
light-hearted adj. Free from care.
landholder n. Landowner.
ligneous adj. Having the texture of appearance of wood.
landlord n. A man who owns and lets a tenement or tenements.
likelihood n. A probability.
landmark n. A familiar object in the landscape serving as a guide to an area otherwise easily lost
likely adj. Plausible. liking
track of.
n. Fondness. limitation n. A
landscape n. A rural view, especially one of picturesque effect, as seen from a distance or an
restriction.
elevation.
linear adj. Of the nature of a line.
languid adj. Relaxed.
liner n. A vessel belonging to a steamship-line.
languor n. Lassitude of body or depression.
lingo n. Language.
lapse n. A slight deviation from what is right, proper, or just.
lingua n. The tongue.
lascivious adj. Lustful.
lingual adj. Pertaining to the use of the tongue in utterance.
lassie n. A little lass.
linguist n. One who is acquainted with several languages.
latent adj. Dormant.
linguistics n. The science of languages, or of the origin, history, and significance of words.
latency n. The state of being dormant.
liniment n. A liquid preparation for rubbing on the skin in cases of bruises, inflammation, etc.
later adv. At a subsequent time. lateral
liquefacient adj. Possessing a liquefying nature or power.
adj. Directed toward the side. latish adj.
liquefy v. To convert into a liquid or into liquid form.
Rather late.
liqueur n. An alcoholic cordial sweetened and flavored with aromatic substances.
lattice n. Openwork of metal or wood, formed by crossing or interlacing strips or bars.
liquidate v. To deliver the amount or value of.
laud v. To praise in words or song.
liquor n. Any alcoholic or intoxicating liquid.
laudable adj. Praiseworthy.
listless adj. Inattentive.
laudation n. High praise.
literacy n. The state or condition of knowing how to read and write.
laudatory adj. Pertaining to, expressing, or containing praise.
literal adj. Following the exact words.
laundress n. Washerwoman.
literature n. The written or printed productions of the human mind collectively.
laureate adj. Crowned with laurel, as a mark of distinction.
lithe adj. Supple.
lave v. To wash or bathe.
lithesome adj. Nimble.
lawgiver n. A legislator.
lithograph n. A print made by printing from stone.
lawmaker n. A legislator.
lithotype n. In engraving, an etched stone surface for printing.
lax adj. Not stringent or energetic.
litigant n. A party to a lawsuit.
laxative adj. Having power to open or loosen the bowels.
litigate v. To cause to become the subject-matter of a suit at law.
lea n. A field.
litigious adj. Quarrelsome.
leaflet n. A little leaf or a booklet.
littoral adj. Of, pertaining to, or living on a shore.
leaven v. To make light by fermentation, as dough.
liturgy n. A ritual.
leeward n. That side or direction toward which the wind blows.
livelihood n. Means of subsistence.
left-handed adj. Using the left hand or arm more dexterously than the right.
livid adj. Black-and-blue, as contused flesh. loam n.
legacy n. A bequest.
A non-coherent mixture of sand and clay. loath adj.
legalize v. To give the authority of law to.
Averse.
legging n. A covering for the leg.
loathe v. To abominate.
legible adj. That may be read with ease.
locative adj. Indicating place, or the place where or wherein an action occurs.
legionary n. A member of an ancient Roman legion or of the modern French Legion of Honor.
loch n. A lake.
legislate v. To make or enact a law or laws.
locomotion n. The act or power of moving from one place to another. lode
legislative adj. That makes or enacts laws.
n. A somewhat continuous unstratified metal- bearing vein. lodgment n. The
legislator n. A lawgiver.
act of furnishing with temporary quarters.
legitimacy n. Accordance with law.
logic n. The science of correct thinking.
legitimate adj. Having the sanction of law or established custom.
logical adj. Capable of or characterized by clear reasoning.
leisure n. Spare time.
logician n. An expert reasoner.
leniency n. Forbearance.
loiterer n. One who consumes time idly.
lenient adj. Not harsh.
loneliness n. Solitude.
leonine adj. Like a lion.
longevity n. Unusually prolonged life.
lethargy n. Prolonged sluggishness of body or mind.
loot v. To plunder.
levee n. An embankment beside a river or stream or an arm of the sea, to prevent overflow.
loquacious adj. Talkative.
lever n. That which exerts, or through which one may exert great power.
lordling n. A little lord.
leviathan n. Any large animal, as a whale.
lough n. A lake or loch.
louse n. A small insect parasitic on and sucking the blood of mammals.
lovable adj. Amiable.

manlike adj. Like a man.
low-spirited adj. Despondent.
lowly adv. Rudely. manliness n. The qualities characteristic of a true man, as bravery, resolution, etc. mannerism n.
Constant or excessive adherence to one manner, style, or peculiarity, as of action or conduct.
lucid adj. Mentally sound. lucrative
manor n. The landed estate of a lord or nobleman.
adj. Highly profitable. ludicrous adj.
mantel n. The facing, sometimes richly ornamented, about a fireplace, including the usual shelf
Laughable.
above it.
luminary n. One of the heavenly bodies as a source of light.
mantle n. A cloak.
luminescent adj. Showing increase of light.
manufacturer n. A person engaged in manufacturing as a business.
luminescence n. Showing increase.
manumission n. Emancipation.
luminosity n. The quality of giving or radiating light.
manumit v. To set free from bondage.
luminous adj. Giving or radiating light.
marine adj. Of or pertaining to the sea or matters connected with the sea.
lunacy n. Mental unsoundness.
maritime adj. Situated on or near the sea.
lunar adj. Pertaining to the moon.
maroon v. To put ashore and abandon (a person) on a desolate coast or island.
lunatic n. An insane person. lune
martial adj. Pertaining to war or military operations.
n. The moon.
Martian adj. Pertaining to Mars, either the Roman god of war or the planet. martyrdom n.
lurid adj. Ghastly and sensational. luscious
Submission to death or persecution for the sake of faith or principle. marvel v. To be
adj. Rich, sweet, and delicious. lustrous
astonished and perplexed because of (something).
adj. Shining.
masonry n. The art or work of constructing, as buildings, walls, etc., with regularly arranged
luxuriance n. Excessive or superfluous growth or quantity.
stones.
luxuriant adj. Abundant or superabundant in growth. luxuriate v.
masquerade n. A social party composed of persons masked and costumed so as to be disguised.
To live sumptuously.
massacre n. The unnecessary and indiscriminate killing of human beings.
lying n. Untruthfulness.
massive adj. Of considerable bulk and weight.
lyre n. One of the most ancient of stringed instruments of the harp class.
masterpiece n. A superior production. mastery
lyric adj. Fitted for expression in song.
n. The attainment of superior skill.
macadamize v. To cover or pave, as a path or roadway, with small broken stone.
material n. That of which anything is composed or may be constructed.
machinery n. The parts of a machine or engine, taken collectively.
materialize v. To take perceptible or substantial form.
machinist n. One who makes or repairs machines, or uses metal-working tools. macrocosm n.
maternal adj. Pertaining or peculiar to a mother or to motherhood. matinee
The whole of any sphere or department of nature or knowledge to which man is related.
n. An entertainment (especially theatrical) held in the daytime. matricide n.
madden v. To inflame with passion.
The killing, especially the murdering, of one's mother. matrimony n. The
Madonna n. A painted or sculptured representation of the Virgin, usually with the infant Jesus.
union of a man and a woman in marriage.
magician n. A sorcerer.
matrix n. That which contains and gives shape or form to anything.
magisterial adj. Having an air of authority.
matter of fact n. Something that has actual and undeniable existence or reality.
magistracy n. The office or dignity of a magistrate. magnanimous
maudlin adj. Foolishly and tearfully affectionate.
adj. Generous in treating or judging others. magnate n. A person of
mausoleum n. A tomb of more than ordinary size or architectural pretensions.
rank or importance.
mawkish adj. Sickening or insipid.
magnet n. A body possessing that peculiar form of polarity found in nature in the lodestone.
maxim n. A principle accepted as true and acted on as a rule or guide.
magnetize v. To make a magnet of, permanently, or temporarily.
maze n. A labyrinth.
magnificence n. The exhibition of greatness of action, character, intellect, wealth, or power.
mead n. A meadow.
magnificent adj. Grand or majestic in appearance, quality, or action.
meager adj. scanty.
magnitude n. Importance.
mealy-mouthed adj. Afraid to express facts or opinions plainly.
maharaja n. A great Hindu prince.
meander v. To wind and turn while proceeding in a course.
maidenhood n. Virginity.
mechanics n. The branch of physics that treats the phenomena caused by the action of forces.
maintain v. To hold or preserve in any particular state or condition.
medallion n. A large medal.
maintenance n. That which supports or sustains.
meddlesome adj. Interfering.
maize n. Indian corn: usually in the United States called simply corn.
medial adj. Of or pertaining to the middle.
makeup n. The arrangements or combination of the parts of which anything is composed. malady
mediate v. To effect by negotiating as an agent between parties.
n. Any physical disease or disorder, especially a chronic or deep-seated one. malaria n. A fever
medicine n. A substance possessing or reputed to possess curative or remedial properties.
characterized by alternating chills, fever, and sweating.
medieval adj. Belonging or relating to or descriptive of the middle ages.
malcontent n. One who is dissatisfied with the existing state of affairs.
mediocre adj. Ordinary.
malediction n. The calling down of a curse or curses.
meditation n. The turning or revolving of a subject in the mind.
malefactor n. One who injures another.
medley n. A composition of different songs or parts of songs arranged to run as a continuous whole.
maleficent adj. Mischievous. malevolence
meliorate v. To make better or improve, as in quality or social or physical condition.
n. Ill will.
mellifluous adj. Sweetly or smoothly flowing.
malevolent adj. Wishing evil to others.
melodious adj. Characterized by a sweet succession of sounds.
malign v. To speak evil of, especially to do so falsely and severely. malignant adj.
melodrama n. A drama with a romantic story or plot and sensational situation and incidents.
Evil in nature or tending to do great harm or mischief. malleable adj. Pliant.
memento n. A souvenir.
mallet n. A wooden hammer.
memorable adj. Noteworthy.
maltreat v. To treat ill, unkindly, roughly, or abusively. man-
menace n. A threat.
trap n. A place or structure dangerous to human life. mandate
menagerie n. A collection of wild animals, especially when kept for exhibition.
n. A command.
mendacious adj. Untrue.
mandatory adj. Expressive of positive command, as distinguished from merely directory. mane n.
mendicant n. A beggar.
The long hair growing upon and about the neck of certain animals, as the horse and the lion.
mentality n. Intellectuality.
man-eater n. An animal that devours human beings.
mentor n. A wise and faithful teacher, guide, and friend.
maneuver v. To make adroit or artful moves: manage affairs by strategy.
mercantile adj. Conducted or acting on business principles; commercial.
mania n. Insanity.
mercenary adj. Greedy
maniac n. a person raving with madness.
merciful adj. Disposed to pity and forgive.
manifesto n. A public declaration, making announcement, explanation or defense of intentions,
merciless adj. Cruel.
or motives.
meretricious adj. Alluring by false or gaudy show.
mesmerize v. To hypnotize.
messieurs n. pl. Gentlemen.

misrepresent v. To give a wrong impression.
metal n. An element that forms a base by combining with oxygen, is usually hard, heavy, and lustrous.
misrule v. To misgovern.
metallurgy n. The art or science of extracting a metal from ores, as by smelting. metamorphosis
missal n. The book containing the service for the celebration of mass. missile n.
n. A passing from one form or shape into another.
Any object, especially a weapon, thrown or intended to be thrown. missive n. A
metaphor n. A figure of speech in which one object is likened to another, by speaking as if the
message in writing.
other.
mistrust v. To regard with suspicion or jealousy.
metaphysical adj. Philosophical.
misty adj. Lacking clearness
metaphysician n. One skilled in metaphysics.
misunderstand v. To Take in a wrong sense.
metaphysics n. The principles of philosophy as applied to explain the methods of any particular
misuse v. To maltreat.
science.
mite n. A very small amount, portion, or particle.
mete v. To apportion.
miter n. The junction of two bodies at an equally divided angle.
metempsychosis n. Transition of the soul of a human being at death into another body, whether
mitigate v. To make milder or more endurable.
human or beast.
mnemonics n. A system of principles and formulas designed to assist the recollection in certain
meticulous adj. Over-cautious.
instances.
metonymy n. A figure of speech that consists in the naming of a thing by one of its attributes.
moat n. A ditch on the outside of a fortress wall.
metric adj. Relating to measurement.
mobocracy n. Lawless control of public affairs by the mob or populace.
metronome n. An instrument for indicating and marking exact time in music.
moccasin n. A foot-covering made of soft leather or buckskin. mockery
metropolis n. A chief city, either the capital or the largest or most important city of a state.
n. Ridicule.
metropolitan adj. Pertaining to a chief city.
moderation n. Temperance.
mettle n. Courage.
moderator n. The presiding officer of a meeting.
mettlesome adj. Having courage or spirit.
modernity n. The state or character of being modern.
microcosm n. The world or universe on a small scale.
modernize v. To make characteristic of the present or of recent times.
micrometer n. An instrument for measuring very small angles or dimensions.
modification n. A change.
microphone n. An apparatus for magnifying faint sounds.
modify v. To make somewhat different.
microscope n. An instrument for assisting the eye in the vision of minute objects or features of
modish adj. Fashionable.
objects.
modulate v. To vary in tone, inflection, pitch or other quality of sound.
microscopic adj. Adapted to or characterized by minute observation.
mollify v. To soothe.
microscopy n. The art of examing objects with the microscope. midsummer
molt v. To cast off, as hair, feathers, etc.
n. The middle of the summer.
momentary adj. Lasting but a short time.
midwife n. A woman who makes a business of assisting at childbirth.
momentous adj. Very significant.
mien n. The external appearance or manner of a person.
migrant adj. Wandering. momentum n. An impetus.
monarchy n. Government by a single, sovereign ruler.
migrate v. To remove or pass from one country, region, or habitat to another.
monastery n. A dwelling-place occupied in common by persons under religious vows of seclusion.
migratory adj. Wandering.
monetary adj. Financial.
mileage n. A distance in miles.
mongrel n. The progeny resulting from the crossing of different breeds or varieties. monition n.
militant adj. Of a warlike or combative disposition or tendency.
Friendly counsel given by way of warning and implying caution or reproof. monitory n.
militarism n. A policy of maintaining great standing armies. militate v.
Admonition or warning.
To have weight or influence (in determining a question).
monocracy n. Government by a single person.
militia n. Those citizens, collectively, who are enrolled and drilled in temporary military
monogamy n. The habit of pairing, or having but one mate.
organizations.
monogram n. A character consisting of two or more letters interwoven into one, usually initials of a
Milky Way n. The galaxy.
millet n. A grass cultivated for forage and cereal. name.
mimic v. To imitate the speech or actions of. monograph n. A treatise discussing a single subject or branch of a subject.
monolith n. Any structure or sculpture in stone formed of a single piece.
miniature adj. Much smaller than reality or that the normal size. minimize v.
monologue n. A story or drama told or performed by one person. monomania n.
To reduce to the smallest possible amount or degree. minion n. A servile
The unreasonable pursuit of one idea.
favorite.
monopoly n. The control of a thing, as a commodity, to enable a person to raise its price.
ministration n. Any religious ceremonial.
monosyllable n. A word of one syllable.
ministry n. A service.
monotone n. The sameness or monotony of utterance.
minority n. The smaller in number of two portions into which a number or a group is divided.
minute adj. Exceedingly small in extent or quantity. monotonous adj. Unchanging and tedious. monotony
minutia n. A small or unimportant particular or detail. n. A lack of variety.
mirage n. An optical effect looking like a sheet of water in the desert. monsieur n. A French title of respect, equivalent to Mr. and sir.
monstrosity n. Anything unnaturally huge or distorted.
misadventure n. An unlucky accident.
moonbeam n. A ray of moonlight.
misanthropic adj. Hating mankind.
morale n. A state of mind with reference to confidence, courage, zeal, and the like.
misanthropy n. Hatred of mankind.
moralist n. A writer on ethics.
misapprehend v. To misunderstand.
morality n. Virtue.
misbehave v. To behave ill. misbehavior
moralize v. To render virtuous.
n. Ill or improper behavior. mischievous
moratorium n. An emergency legislation authorizing a government suspend some action temporarily. morbid
adj. Fond of tricks.
miscount v. To make a mistake in counting. adj. Caused by or denoting a diseased or unsound condition of body or mind. mordacious adj.
miscreant n. A villain. Biting or giving to biting.
misdeed n. A wrong or improper act. mordant adj. Biting.
moribund adj. On the point of dying.
misdemeanor n. Evil conduct, small crime.
morose adj. Gloomy.
miser n. A person given to saving and hoarding unduly.
morphology n. the science of organic forms.
mishap n. Misfortune.
motley adj. Composed of heterogeneous or inharmonious elements.
misinterpret v. To misunderstand.
motto n. An expressive word or pithy sentence enunciating some guiding rule of life, or faith.
mislay v. To misplace.
mountaineer n. One who travels among or climbs mountains for pleasure or exercise.
mismanage v. To manage badly, improperly, or unskillfully.
mountainous adj. Full of or abounding in mountains.
misnomer n. A name wrongly or mistakenly applied. misogamy
mouthful n. As much as can be or is usually put into the or exercise. muddle
n. Hatred of marriage.
v. To confuse or becloud, especially with or as with drink. muffle v. To
misogyny n. Hatred of women.
misplace v. To put into a wrong place. deaden the sound of, as by wraps.
mulatto n. The offspring of a white person and a black person.
muleteer n. A mule-driver.
nestle v. To adjust cozily in snug quarters.
multiform adj. Having many shapes, or appearances. multiplicity n.
nestling adj. Recently hatched.
the condition of being manifold or very various. mundane adj.
nettle v. To excite sensations of uneasiness or displeasure in.
Worldly, as opposed to spiritual or celestial.
network n. Anything that presents a system of cross- lines. neural
municipal adj. Of or pertaining to a town or city, or to its corporate or local government.
adj. Pertaining to the nerves or nervous system. neurology n. The
municipality n. A district enjoying municipal government.
science of the nervous system.
munificence n. A giving characterized by generous motives and extraordinary liberality.
neuter adj. Neither masculine nor feminine.
munificent adj. Extraordinarily generous.
neutral adj. Belonging to or under control of neither of two contestants.
muster n. An assemblage or review of troops for parade or inspection, or for numbering off.
nevertheless conj. Notwithstanding.
mutation n. The act or process of change.
Newtonian adj. Of or pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, the English philosopher.
mutilate v. To disfigure.
niggardly adj. Stingy. (no longer acceptable to use)
mutiny n. Rebellion against lawful or constituted authority.
nihilist n. An advocate of the doctrine that nothing either exists or can be known.
myriad n. A vast indefinite number.
nil n. Nothing
mystic n. One who professes direct divine illumination, or relies upon meditation to acquire truth.
mystification n. The act of artfully perplexing. nimble adj. Light and quick in motion or action.
nit n. The egg of a louse or some other insect.
myth n. A fictitious narrative presented as historical, but without any basis of fact. mythology
nocturnal adj. Of or pertaining to the night.
n. The whole body of legends cherished by a race concerning gods and heroes.
nameless adj. Having no fame or reputation. noiseless adj. Silent.
noisome adj. Very offensive, particularly to the sense of smell.
naphtha n. A light, colorless, volatile, inflammable oil used as a solvent, as in manufacture of paints.
noisy adj. Clamorous.
Narcissus n. The son of the Athenian river-god Cephisus, fabled to have fallen in love with his
nomad adj. Having no fixed abode.
reflection.
narrate v. To tell a story. nomic adj. Usual or customary.
nominal adj. Trivial.
narration n. The act of recounting the particulars of an event in the order of time or occurrence.
nominate v. To designate as a candidate for any office.
narrative n. An orderly continuous account of the successive particulars of an event.
nomination n. The act or ceremony of naming a man or woman for office.
narrator n. One who narrates anything.
nominee n. One who receives a nomination.
narrow-minded adj. Characterized by illiberal views or sentiments.
non-existent n. That which does not exist.
nasal adj. Pertaining to the nose.
non-resident adj. Not residing within a given jurisdiction.
natal adj. Pertaining to one's birth.
nonchalance n. A state of mind indicating lack of interest.
nationality n. A connection with a particular nation.
naturally adv. According to the usual order of things. non-combatant n. One attached to the army or navy, but having duties other than that of fighting.
nondescript adj. Indescribable.
nausea n. An affection of the stomach producing dizziness and usually an impulse to vomit
nonentity n. A person or thing of little or no account.
nauseate v. To cause to loathe.
nonpareil n. One who or that which is of unequaled excellence.
nauseous adj. Loathsome.
norm n. A model.
nautical adj. Pertaining to ships, seamen, or navigation.
normalcy n. The state of being normal.
naval adj. Pertaining to ships.
Norman adj. Of or peculiar to Normandy, in northern France.
navel n. The depression on the abdomen where the umbilical cord of the fetus was attached.
navigable adj. Capable of commercial navigation. nostrum n. Any scheme or recipe of a charlatan character.
navigate v. To traverse by ship. noticeable adj. Perceptible.
notorious adj. Unfavorably known to the general public.
nebula n. A gaseous body of unorganized stellar substance.
novellette n. A short novel.
necessary adj. Indispensably requisite or absolutely needed to accomplish a desired result.
necessitate v. To render indispensable. novice n. A beginner in any business or occupation.
necessity n. That which is indispensably requisite to an end desired. necrology n. nowadays adv. In the present time or age. nowhere
A list of persons who have died in a certain place or time. necromancer n. One who adv. In no place or state.
noxious adj. Hurtful.
practices the art of foretelling the future by means of communication with the dead.
nuance n. A slight degree of difference in anything perceptible to the sense of the mind.
necropolis n. A city of the dead.
nucleus n. A central point or part about which matter is aggregated.
necrosis n. the death of part of the body.
nude adj. Naked.
nectar n. Any especially sweet and delicious drink.
nugatory adj. Having no power or force.
nectarine n. A variety of the peach.
needlework n. Embroidery. nuisance n. That which annoys, vexes, or irritates. numeration n.
The act or art of reading or naming numbers. numerical adj. Of or
needy adj. Being in need, want, or poverty.
pertaining to number.
nefarious adj. Wicked in the extreme. negate
nunnery n. A convent for nuns.
v. To deny.
nuptial adj. Of or pertaining to marriage, especially to the marriage ceremony.
negation n. The act of denying or of asserting the falsity of a proposition.
nurture n. The process of fostering or promoting growth.
neglectful adj. Exhibiting or indicating omission.
negligee n. A loose gown worn by women. nutriment n. That which nourishes. nutritive
negligence n. Omission of that which ought to be done. adj. Having nutritious properties. oaken adj.
negligent adj. Apt to omit what ought to be done. Made of or from oak.
oakum n. Hemp-fiber obtained by untwisting and picking out loosely the yarns of old hemp rope.
negligible adj. Transferable by assignment, endorsement, or delivery.
obdurate adj. Impassive to feelings of humanity or pity.
negotiable v. To bargain with others for an agreement, as for a treaty or transfer of property.
obelisk n. A square shaft with pyramidal top, usually monumental or commemorative.
Nemesis n. A goddess; divinity of chastisement and vengeance.
neocracy n. Government administered by new or untried persons. obese adj. Exceedingly fat.
obesity n. Excessive fatness.
neo-Darwinsim n. Darwinism as modified and extended by more recent students.
obituary adj. A published notice of a death.
neo-Latin n. Modernized Latin.
neopaganism n. A new or revived paganism. objective adj. Grasping and representing facts as they are. objector n.
Neolithic adj. Pertaining to the later stone age. One who objects, as to a proposition, measure, or ruling. obligate v. To
neology n. The coining or using of new words or new meanings of words. hold to the fulfillment of duty.
neophyte adj. Having the character of a beginner. obligatory adj. Binding in law or conscience.
oblique adj. Slanting; said of lines. obliterate
v. To cause to disappear.
oblivion n. The state of having passed out of the memory or of being utterly forgotten. oblong
adj. Longer than broad: applied most commonly to rectangular objects considerably elongated obnoxious
adj. Detestable.
obsequies n. Funeral rites.
obsequious adj. Showing a servile readiness to fall in with the wishes or will of another.
observance n. A traditional form or customary act.

opposite adj. Radically different or contrary in action or movement. opprobrium
observant adj. Quick to notice.
n. The state of being scornfully reproached or accused of evil. optic n. Pertaining
observatory n. A building designed for systematic astronomical observations.
to the eye or vision.
obsolescence n. The condition or process of gradually falling into disuse.
optician n. One who makes or deals in optical instruments or eye-glasses.
obsolescent adj. Passing out of use, as a word.
optics n. The science that treats of light and vision, and all that is connected with sight. optimism
obsolete adj. No longer practiced or accepted.
n. The view that everything in nature and the history of mankind is ordered for the best.
obstetrician n. A practitioner of midwifery.
option n. The right, power, or liberty of choosing.
obstetrics n. The branch of medical science concerned with the treatment and care of women
optometry n. Measurement of the powers of vision.
during pregnancy.
opulence n. Affluence.
obstinacy n. Stubborn adherence to opinion, arising from conceit or the desire to have one's own
opulent adj. Wealthy.
way.
oral adj. Uttered through the mouth.
obstreperous adj. Boisterous.
orate v. To deliver an elaborate or formal public speech.
obstruct v. To fill with impediments so as to prevent passage, either wholly or in part.
oration n. An elaborate or formal public speech.
obstruction n. Hindrance.
orator n. One who delivers an elaborate or formal speech.
obtrude v. To be pushed or to push oneself into undue prominence.
oratorio n. A composition for solo voices, chorus, and orchestra, generally taken from the
obtrusive adj. Tending to be pushed or to push oneself into undue prominence. obvert v. To
Scriptures.
turn the front or principal side of (a thing) toward any person or object. obviate v. To clear
oratory n. The art of public speaking.
away or provide for, as an objection or difficulty.
ordeal n. Anything that severely tests courage, strength, patience, conscience, etc. ordinal n. That
occasion n. An important event or celebration.
form of the numeral that shows the order of anything in a series, as first, second, third. ordination n. A
Occident n. The countries lying west of Asia and the Turkish dominions.
occlude v. To absorb, as a gas by a metal. consecration to the ministry.
ordnance n. A general name for all kinds of weapons and their appliances used in war.
occult adj. Existing but not immediately perceptible.
orgies n. Wild or wanton revelry.
occupant n. A tenant in possession of property, as distinguished from the actual owner.
origin n. The beginning of that which becomes or is made to be.
occurrence n. A happening.
original adj. Not copied nor produced by imitation.
octagon n. A figure with eight sides and eight angles.
originate v. To cause or constitute the beginning or first stage of the existence of.
octave n. A note at this interval above or below any other, considered in relation to that other.
ornate adj. Ornamented to a marked degree. orthodox
octavo n. A book, or collection of paper in which the sheets are so folded as to make eight leaves.
octogenarian adj. A person of between eighty and ninety years. adj. Holding the commonly accepted faith. orthodoxy n.
ocular adj. Of or pertaining to the eye. Acceptance of the common faith. orthogonal adj. Having
oculist n. One versed or skilled in treating diseases of the eye. or determined by right angles.
oddity n. An eccentricity. orthopedic adj. Relating to the correcting or preventing of deformity orthopedist
ode n. The form of lyric poetry anciently intended to be sung. n. One who practices the correcting or preventing of deformity oscillate v. To
odious adj. Hateful. swing back and forth.
odium n. A feeling of extreme repugnance, or of dislike and disgust. osculate v. To kiss.
ossify v. to convert into bone.
odoriferous adj. Having or diffusing an odor or scent, especially an agreeable one.
ostentation n. A display dictated by vanity and intended to invite applause or flattery.
odorous adj. Having an odor, especially a fragrant one.
ostracism n. Exclusion from intercourse or favor, as in society or politics.
off adj. Farther or more distant.
offhand adv. Without preparation. ostracize v. To exclude from public or private favor.
officiate v. To act as an officer or leader. ought v. To be under moral obligation to be or do. oust
officious adj. Intermeddling with what is not one's concern. v. To eject.
out-and-out adv. Genuinely.
offshoot n. Something that branches off from the parent stock.
outbreak n. A sudden and violent breaking forth, as of something that has been pent up or restrained.
ogre n. A demon or monster that was supposed to devour human beings. ointment n. A
outburst n. A violent issue, especially of passion in an individual.
fatty preparation with a butter-like consistency in which a medicinal substance exists.
olfactory adj. of or pertaining to the sense of smell. outcast n. One rejected and despised, especially socially. outcry n.
olive-branch n. A branch of the olive-tree, as an emblem of peace. A vehement or loud cry or clamor.
ominous adj. Portentous. outdo v. To surpass.
outlandish adj. Of barbarous, uncouth, and unfamiliar aspect or action.
omission n. Exclusion.
omnipotence n. Unlimited and universal power. outlast v. To last longer than. outlaw
Omnipotent adj. Possessed of unlimited and universal power. n. A habitual lawbreaker. outlive v. To
omniscience n. Unlimited or infinite knowledge. continue to exist after.
out-of-the-way adj. Remotely situated.
omniscient adj. Characterized by unlimited or infinite knowledge. omnivorous
outpost n. A detachment of troops stationed at a distance from the main body to guard against
adj. Eating or living upon food of all kinds indiscriminately. onerous adj.
surprise.
Burdensome or oppressive.
outrage n. A gross infringement of morality or decency.
onrush n. Onset.
onset n. An assault, especially of troops, upon an enemy or fortification. outrageous adj. Shocking in conduct.
onslaught n. A violent onset. outreach v. To reach or go beyond.
onus n. A burden or responsibility. outride v. To ride faster than.
outrigger n. A part built or arranged to project beyond a natural outline for support.
opalescence n. The property of combined refraction and reflection of light, resulting in smoky
tints. outright adv. Entirely.
opaque adj. Impervious to light. outskirt n. A border region.
operate v. To put in action and supervise the working of. outstretch v. To extend.
operative adj. Active. outstrip v. To go beyond.
operator n. One who works with or controls some machine or scientific apparatus. outweigh v. To surpass in importance or excellence.
operetta n. A humorous play in dialogue and music, of more than one act. overdo v. To overtax the strength of.
opinion n. A conclusion or judgment held with confidence, but falling short of positive overdose n. An excessive dose, usually so large a dose of a medicine that its effect is toxic.
overeat v. To eat to excess.
knowledge.
overhang n. A portion of a structure which projects or hangs over.
opponent n. One who supports the opposite side in a debate, discussion, struggle, or sport.
overleap v. To leap beyond.
opportune adj. Especially fit as occurring, said, or done at the right moment.
overlord n. One who holds supremacy over another.
opportunist n. One who takes advantage of circumstances to gain his ends.
overpass v. To pass across or over, as a river. overpay
opportunity n. Favorable or advantageous chance or opening.
v. To pay or reward in excess.
overpower v. To gain supremacy or victory over by superior power.
overproduction n. Excessive production.
overreach v. To stretch out too far.

participant n. One having a share or part.
overrun v. To infest or ravage.
participate v. To receive or have a part or share of.
oversee v. To superintend. overseer
partition n. That which separates anything into distinct parts.
n. A supervisor.
partisan adj. Characterized by or exhibiting undue or unreasoning devotion to a party.
overshadow v. To cast into the shade or render insignificant by comparison.
passible adj. Capable of feeling of suffering.
overstride v. To step beyond.
passive adj. Unresponsive.
overthrow v. To vanquish an established ruler or government.
pastoral adj. Having the spirit or sentiment of rural life.
overtone n. A harmonic.
paternal adj. Fatherly.
overture n. An instrumental prelude to an opera, oratorio, or ballet.
paternity n. Fatherhood.
overweight n. Preponderance.
pathos n. The quality in any form of representation that rouses emotion or sympathy.
pacify v. To bring into a peaceful state.
patriarch n. The chief of a tribe or race who rules by paternal right.
packet n. A bundle, as of letters.
patrician adj. Of senatorial or noble rank.
pact n. A covenant.
patrimony n. An inheritance from an ancestor, especially from one's father.
pagan n. A worshiper of false gods.
patriotism n. Love and devotion to one's country.
pageant n. A dramatic representation, especially a spectacular one.
patronize v. To exercise an arrogant condescension toward.
palate n. The roof of the mouth.
palatial adj. Magnificent. patronymic adj. Formed after one's father's name.
patter v. To mumble something over and over. paucity
paleontology n. The branch of biology that treats of ancient life and fossil organisms. palette
n. Fewness.
n. A thin tablet, with a hole for the thumb, upon which artists lay their colors for painting.
pauper n. One without means of support.
palinode n. A retraction.
pauperism n. Dependence on charity.
pall v. To make dull by satiety.
pavilion n. An open structure for temporary shelter.
palliate v. To cause to appear less guilty. pallid
payee n. A person to whom money has been or is to be paid.
adj. Of a pale or wan appearance. palpable n.
peaceable adj. Tranquil.
perceptible by feeling or touch. palsy n.
peaceful adj. Tranquil.
Paralysis.
peccable adj. Capable of sinning.
paly adj. Lacking color or brilliancy.
peccadillo n. A small breach of propriety or principle.
pamphlet n. A brief treatise or essay, usually on a subject of current interest. pamphleteer v.
peccant adj. Guilty.
To compose or issue pamphlets, especially controversial ones. panacea n. A remedy or
pectoral adj. Pertaining to the breast or thorax.
medicine proposed for or professing to cure all diseases.
pecuniary adj. Consisting of money. pedagogics
Pan-American adj. Including or pertaining to the whole of America, both North and South.
n. The science and art of teaching. pedagogue n. A
pandemic adj. Affecting a whole people or all classes, as a disease.
pandemonium n. A fiendish or riotous uproar. schoolmaster.
pedagogy n. The science and art of teaching
panegyric n. A formal and elaborate eulogy, written or spoken, of a person or of an act.
pedal n. A lever for the foot usually applied only to musical instruments, cycles, and other machines.
panel n. A rectangular piece set in or as in a frame. panic
pedant n. A scholar who makes needless and inopportune display of his learning.
n. A sudden, unreasonable, overpowering fear. panoply n.
peddle v. To go about with a small stock of goods to sell. pedestal
A full set of armor.
n. A base or support as for a column, statue, or vase. pedestrian n.
panorama n. A series of large pictures representing a continuous scene.
One who journeys on foot.
pantheism n. The worship of nature for itself or its beauty.
pediatrics n. The department of medical science that relates to the treatment of diseases of childhood.
Pantheon n. A circular temple at Rome with a fine Corinthian portico and a great domed roof.
pedigree n. One's line of ancestors.
pantomime n. Sign-language.
peddler n. One who travels from house to house with an assortment of goods for retail.
pantoscope n. A very wide-angled photographic lens.
peerage n. The nobility.
papacy n. The official head of the Roman Catholic Church.
peerless adj. Of unequaled excellence or worth.
papyrus n. The writing-paper of the ancient Egyptians, and later of the Romans. parable n. A
peevish adj. Petulant. (irritable)
brief narrative founded on real scenes or events usually with a moral. paradox n. A statement
pellucid adj. Translucent.
or doctrine seemingly in contradiction to the received belief. paragon n. A model of
penalty n. The consequences that follow the transgression of natural or divine law.
excellence.
penance n. Punishment to which one voluntarily submits or subjects himself as an
parallel v. To cause to correspond or lie in the same direction and equidistant in all parts.
expression of penitence.
parallelism n. Essential likeness.
penchant n. A bias in favor of something.
paralysis n. Loss of the power of contractility in the voluntary or involuntary muscles.
pendant n. Anything that hangs from something else, either for ornament or for use.
paralyze v. To deprive of the power to act.
pendulous adj. Hanging, especially so as to swing by an attached end or part. pendulum n. A
paramount adj. Supreme in authority.
weight hung on a rod, serving by its oscillation to regulate the rate of a clock.
paramour n. One who is unlawfully and immorally a lover or a mistress.
penetrable adj. That may be pierced by physical, moral, or intellectual force.
paraphernalia n. Miscellaneous articles of equipment or adornment. paraphrase v.
penetrate v. To enter or force a way into the interior parts of.
Translate freely.
penetration n. Discernment.
pare v. To cut, shave, or remove (the outside) from anything.
peninsular adj. Pertaining to a piece of land almost surrounded by water.
parentage n. The relation of parent to child, of the producer to the produced, or of cause to effect.
penitence n. Sorrow for sin with desire to amend and to atone.
Pariah n. A member of a degraded class; a social outcast. parish
penitential adj. Pertaining to sorrow for sin with desire to amend and to atone.
n. The ecclesiastical district in charge of a pastor. Parisian adj. Of
pennant n. A small flag.
or pertaining to the city of Paris.
pension n. A periodical allowance to an individual on account of past service done by him/her.
parity n. Equality, as of condition or rank.
pentagram n. A figure having five points or lobes.
parlance n. Mode of speech.
pentavalent adj. Quinqeuvalent.
parley v. To converse in.
pentad n. The number five.
parliament n. A legislative body.
pentagon n. A figure, especially, with five angles and five sides.
parlor n. A room for reception of callers or entertainment of guests.
pentahedron n. A solid bounded by five plane faces.
parody v. To render ludicrous by imitating the language of. paronymous
pentameter n. In prosody, a line of verse containing five units or feet.
adj. Derived from the same root or primitive word. paroxysm n. A sudden
pentathlon n. The contest of five associated exercises in the great games and the same contestants.
outburst of any kind of activity.
penultimate adj. A syllable or member of a series that is last but one.
parricide n. The murder of a parent.
penurious adj. Excessively sparing in the use of money.
parse v. To describe, as a sentence, by separating it into its elements and describing each word.
penury n. Indigence.
parsimonious adj. Unduly sparing in the use or expenditure of money.
partible adj. Separable.
perambulate v. To walk about.

petrify v. To convert into a substance of stony hardness and character. petulance n.
perceive v. To have knowledge of, or receive impressions concerning, through the medium of the
The character or condition of being impatient, capricious or petulant. petulant adj.
body senses.
Displaying impatience.
perceptible adj. Cognizable.
pharmacopoeia n. A book containing the formulas and methods of preparation of medicines for
perception n. Knowledge through the senses of the existence and properties of matter or the
the use of druggists.
external world.
pharmacy n. The art or business of compounding and dispensing medicines.
percipience n. The act of perceiving. percipient
phenomenal adj. Extraordinary or marvelous.
n. One who or that which perceives. percolate v.
phenomenon n. Any unusual occurrence.
To filter.
philander v. To play at courtship with a woman.
percolator n. A filter.
philanthropic adj. Benevolent.
percussion n. The sharp striking of one body against another.
philanthropist n. One who endeavors to help his fellow men.
peremptory adj. Precluding question or appeal.
philanthropy n. Active humanitarianism. philately
perennial adj. Continuing though the year or through many years.
n. The study and collection of stamps.
perfectible adj. Capable of being made perfect.
perfidy n. Treachery. philharmonic adj. Fond of music.
philogynist n. One who is fond of women.
perforate v. To make a hole or holes through.
philologist n. An expert in linguistics.
perform v. To accomplish.
philology n. The study of language in connection with history and literature.
perfumery n. The preparation of perfumes.
philosophize v. To seek ultimate causes and principles.
perfunctory adj. Half-hearted.
perhaps adv. Possibly. philosophy n. The general principles, laws, or causes that furnish the rational explanation of
anything.
perigee n. The point in the orbit of the moon when it is nearest the earth. periodicity n.
phlegmatic adj. Not easily roused to feeling or action. phonetic
The habit or characteristic of recurrence at regular intervals. peripatetic adj. Walking about.
perjure v. To swear falsely to. adj. Representing articulate sounds or speech. phonic adj.
perjury n. A solemn assertion of a falsity. Pertaining to the nature of sound.
phonogram n. A graphic character symbolizing an articulate sound.
permanence n. A continuance in the same state, or without any change that destroys the essential
phonology n. The science of human vocal sounds. phosphorescence n.
form or nature.
permanent adj. Durable. The property of emitting light.
permeate v. To pervade. photoelectric adj. Pertaining to the combined action of light and electricity. photometer
permissible adj. That may be allowed. n. Any instrument for measuring the intensity of light or comparing the intensity of two
permutation n. Reciprocal change, different ordering of same items. lights.
photometry n. The art of measuring the intensity of light.
pernicious adj. Tending to kill or hurt. perpendicular
adj. Straight up and down. perpetrator n. The doer of a physicist n. A specialist in the science that treats of the phenomena associated with matter and energy.
wrong or a criminal act. perpetuate v. To preserve from physics n. The science that treats of the phenomena associated with matter and energy.
extinction or oblivion. physiocracy n. The doctrine that land and its products are the only true wealth. physiognomy n.
perquisite n. Any profit from service beyond the amount fixed as salary or wages. The external appearance merely.
physiography n. Description of nature.
persecution n. Harsh or malignant oppression. perseverance n.
physiology n. The science of organic functions.
A persistence in purpose and effort. persevere v. To continue
physique n. The physical structure or organization of a person.
striving in spite of discouragements. persiflage n. Banter.
persist v. To continue steadfast against opposition. picayune adj. Of small value.
piccolo n. A small flute.
persistence n. A fixed adherence to a resolve, course of conduct, or the like. personage n. A
piece n. A loose or separated part, as distinguished from the whole or the mass.
man or woman as an individual, especially one of rank or high station. personal adj. Not
piecemeal adv. Gradually.
general or public.
personality n. The attributes, taken collectively, that make up the character and nature of an pillage n. Open robbery, as in war.
individual. pillory n. A wooden framework in which an offender is fastened to boards and is exposed to
personnel n. The force of persons collectively employed in some service. public scorn.
perspective n. The relative importance of facts or matters from any special point of view. pincers n. An instrument having two lever-handles and two jaws working on a pivot.
perspicacious adj. Astute. pinchers n. An instrument having two jaws working on a pivot.
perspicacity n. Acuteness or discernment. pinnacle n. A high or topmost point, as a mountain-peak. pioneer
perspicuous adj. Lucid. n. One among the first to explore a country.
perspiration n. Sweat. pious adj. Religious.
perspire v. To excrete through the pores of the skin. pique v. To excite a slight degree of anger in.
persuade v. To win the mind of by argument, eloquence, evidence, or reflection. persuadable adj. piteous adj. Compassionate.
capable of influencing to action by entreaty, statement, or anything that moves the feelings. pitiable adj. Contemptible.
pertinacious adj. Persistent or unyielding. pitiful adj. Wretched. pitiless
pertinacity n. Unyielding adherence. pertinent adj. Hard-hearted.
pittance n. Any small portion or meager allowance.
adj. Relevant.
perturb v. To disturb greatly. placate v. To bring from a state of angry or hostile feeling to one of patience or friendliness.
placid adj. Serene.
perturbation n. Mental excitement or confusion. perusal
n. The act of reading carefully or thoughtfully. pervade v. To plagiarism n. The stealing of passages from the writings of another and publishing them as one's
pass or spread through every part. pervasion n. The state of own.
planisphere n. A polar projection of the heavens on a chart.
spreading through every part. pervasive adj. Thoroughly
penetrating or permeating. perverse adj. Unreasonable. plasticity n. The property of some substances through which the form of the mass can readily be
perversion n. Diversion from the true meaning or proper purpose. changed.
perversity n. Wickedness. platitude n. A written or spoken statement that is flat, dull, or commonplace.
pervert n. One who has forsaken a doctrine regarded as true for one esteemed false. plaudit n. An expression of applause.
pervious adj. Admitting the entrance or passage of another substance. plausible adj. Seeming likely to be true, though open to doubt.
pestilence n. A raging epidemic. playful adj. Frolicsome.
playwright n. A maker of plays for the stage.
pestilent adj. Having a malign influence or effect. pestilential
plea n. An argument to obtain some desired action.
adj. having the nature of or breeding pestilence. peter v. To fail or
pleasant adj. Agreeable.
lose power, efficiency, or value.
pleasurable adj. Affording gratification.
plebeian adj. Common.
pledgee n. The person to whom anything is pledged.
pledgeor n. One who gives a pledge.

precession n. The act of going forward.
plenary adj. Entire.
plenipotentiary n. A person fully empowered to transact any business. precipice n. A high and very steep or approximately vertical cliff.
plenitude n. Abundance. precipitant adj. Moving onward quickly and heedlessly. precipitate v.
plenteous adj. Abundant. To force forward prematurely.
precise adj. Exact.
plumb n. A weight suspended by a line to test the verticality of something.
precision n. Accuracy of limitation, definition, or adjustment.
plummet n. A piece of lead for making soundings, adjusting walls to the vertical. pluperfect
preclude v. To prevent.
adj. Expressing past time or action prior to some other past time or action. plural adj. Containing
precocious adj. Having the mental faculties prematurely developed.
or consisting of more than one.
precursor n. A forerunner or herald.
plurality n. A majority.
predatory adj. Prone to pillaging.
plutocracy n. A wealthy class in a political community who control the government by means of
predecessor n. An incumbent of a given office previous to another.
their money.
predicament n. A difficult, trying situation or plight.
pneumatic adj. Pertaining to or consisting of air or gas.
predicate v. To state as belonging to something. predict
poesy n. Poetry.
v. To foretell.
poetaster n. An inferior poet.
prediction n. A prophecy.
poetic adj. Pertaining to poetry.
predominance n. Ascendancy or preponderance.
poetics n. The rules and principles of poetry.
predominant adj. Superior in power, influence, effectiveness, number, or degree.
poignancy n. Severity or acuteness, especially of pain or grief.
predominate v. To be chief in importance, quantity, or degree.
poignant adj. Severely painful or acute to the spirit.
preeminence n. Special eminence.
poise n. Equilibrium.
preempt v. To secure the right of preference in the purchase of public land.
polar adj. Pertaining to the poles of a sphere, especially of the earth.
preemption n. The right or act of purchasing before others.
polemics n. The art of controversy or disputation.
preengage v. To preoccupy.
pollen n. The fine dust-like grains or powder formed within the anther of a flowering plant.
preestablish v. To settle or arrange beforehand.
pollute v. To contaminate.
preexist v. To exist at a period or in a state earlier than something else.
polyarchy n. Government by several or many persons of whatever class.
preexistence n. Existence antecedent to something.
polycracy n. The rule of many.
polygamy n. the fact or condition of having more than one wife or husband at once. preface n. A brief explanation or address to the reader, at the beginning of a book. prefatory adj.
polyglot adj. Speaking several tongues. Pertaining to a brief explanation to the reader at the beginning of a book. prefer v. To hold in
polygon n. A figure having many angles. higher estimation.
preferable adj. More desirable than others.
polyhedron n. A solid bounded by plane faces, especially by more than four. polysyllable adj.
preference n. An object of favor or choice.
Having several syllables, especially more than three syllables. polytechnic adj. Pertaining to,
preferential adj. Possessing, giving, or constituting preference or priority.
embracing, or practicing many arts.
preferment n. Preference.
polytheism n. The doctrine or belief that there are more gods than one.
pommel v. To beat with something thick or bulky. prefix v. To attach at the beginning. prehensible
adj. Capable of being grasped. prehensile adj.
pomposity n. The quality of being marked by an assumed stateliness and impressiveness of manner.
Adapted for grasping or holding.
pompous adj. Marked by an assumed stateliness and impressiveness of manner. ponder v. To
prehension n. The act of laying hold of or grasping.
meditate or reflect upon.
prejudice n. A judgment or opinion formed without due examination of the facts.
ponderous adj. Unusually weighty or forcible.
prelacy n. A system of church government.
pontiff n. The Pope.
prelate n. One of a higher order of clergy having direct authority over other clergy.
populace n. The common people.
prelude n. An introductory or opening performance.
populous adj. Containing many inhabitants, especially in proportion to the territory.
premature adj. Coming too soon. premier
portend v. To indicate as being about to happen, especially by previous signs. portent n.
adj. First in rank or position. premise n. A
Anything that indicates what is to happen.
judgment as a conclusion. premonition n.
portfolio n. A portable case for holding writing-materials, drawings, etc.
Foreboding.
posit v. To present in an orderly manner. position
preoccupation n. The state of having the mind, attention, or inclination preoccupied.
n. The manner in which a thing is placed. positive adj.
preoccupy v. To fill the mind of a person to the exclusion of other subjects. preordain v.
Free from doubt or hesitation.
posse n. A force of men. To foreordain.
possess v. To own. preparation n. An act or proceeding designed to bring about some event.
preparatory adj. Having to do with what is preliminary.
possession n. The having, holding, or detention of property in one's power or command.
preponderant adj. Prevalent.
possessive adj. Pertaining to the having, holding, or detention of property in one's power or
preponderate v. To exceed in influence or power.
command.
prepossession n. A preconceived liking. preposterous
possessor n. One who owns, enjoys, or controls anything, as property.
possible adj. Being not beyond the reach of power natural, moral, or supernatural. adj. Utterly ridiculous or absurd. prerogative adj. Having
postdate v. To make the date of any writing later than the real date. superior rank or precedence. presage v. To foretell.
prescience n. Knowledge of events before they take place.
posterior n. The hinder part.
prescient adj. Foreknowing.
postgraduate adj. Pertaining to studies that are pursued after receiving a degree.
postscript n. Something added to a letter after the writer's signature. prescript adj. Prescribed as a rule or model. prescriptible
potency n. Power. adj. Derived from authoritative direction. prescription n.
potent adj. Physically powerful. An authoritative direction. presentient adj. Perceiving or
potentate n. One possessed of great power or sway. feeling beforehand. presentiment n. Foreboding.
presentment n. Semblance.
potential n. Anything that may be possible.
preservation n. Conservation.
potion n. A dose of liquid medicine. powerless
presumption n. That which may be logically assumed to be true until disproved.
adj. Impotent.
presumptuous adj. Assuming too much.
practicable adj. Feasible.
prate v. To talk about vainly or foolishly. pretension n. A bold or presumptuous assertion. pretentious
prattle v. To utter in simple or childish talk. adj. Marked by pretense, conceit, or display. preternatural adj.
preamble n. A statement introductory to and explanatory of what follows. Extraordinary.
pretext n. A fictitious reason or motive.
precarious adj. Perilous.
prevalence n. Frequency.
precaution n. A provision made in advance for some possible emergency or danger.
prevalent adj. Of wide extent or frequent occurrence.
precede v. To happen first.
precedence n. Priority in place, time, or rank. prevaricate v. To use ambiguous or evasive language for the purpose of deceiving or diverting
precedent n. An instance that may serve as a guide or basis for a rule. attention.
precedential adj. Of the nature of an instance that may serve as a guide or basis for a rule.
prevention n. Thwarting.
proportionate adj. Being in proportion.
prickle v. To puncture slightly with fine, sharp points.
propriety n. Accordance with recognized usage, custom, or principles.
priggish adj. Conceited.
propulsion n. A driving onward or forward.
prim adj. Stiffly proper.
prosaic adj. Unimaginative.
prima adj. First.
proscenium n. That part of the stage between the curtain and the orchestra. proscribe v. To
primer n. An elementary reading-book for children.
reject, as a teaching or a practice, with condemnation or denunciation. proscription n. Any act
primeval adj. Belonging to the first ages.
primitive adj. Pertaining to the beginning or early times. of condemnation and rejection from favor and privilege. proselyte n. One who has been won
principal adj. Most important. over from one religious belief to another. prosody n. The science of poetical forms.
prospector n. One who makes exploration, search, or examination, especially for minerals.
principality n. The territory of a reigning prince.
prospectus n. A paper or pamphlet containing information of a proposed undertaking. prostrate adj.
principle n. A general truth or proposition. priory
Lying prone, or with the head to the ground.
n. A monastic house.
protagonist n. A leader in any enterprise or contest.
pristine adj. Primitive.
protection n. Preservation from harm, danger, annoyance, or any other evil.
privateer n. A vessel owned and officered by private persons, but carrying on maritime war.
protective adj. Sheltering.
privilege n. A right or immunity not enjoyed by all, or that may be enjoyed only under special
protector n. A defender.
conditions.
protégé n. One specially cared for and favored by another usually older person. Protestant
privity n. Knowledge shared with another or others regarding a private matter.
n. A Christian who denies the authority of the Pope and holds the right of special judgment.
privy adj. Participating with another or others in the knowledge of a secret transaction.
protomartyr n. The earliest victim in any cause.
probate adj. Relating to making proof, as of a will.
protocol n. A declaration or memorandum of agreement less solemn and formal than a treaty.
probation n. Any proceeding designed to ascertain or test character, qualification, or the like.
probe v. To search through and through. protoplasm n. The substance that forms the principal portion of an animal or vegetable cell.
prototype n. A work, original in character, afterward imitated in form or spirit.
probity n. Virtue or integrity tested and confirmed.
protract v. To prolong.
procedure n. A manner or method of acting.
protrude v. To push out or thrust forth.
proceed v. To renew motion or action, as after rest or interruption.
protrusion n. The act of protruding.
proclamation n. Any announcement made in a public manner.
protuberance n. Something that swells out from a surrounding surface.
procrastinate v. To put off till tomorrow or till a future time.
protuberant adj. Bulging.
procrastination n. Delay.
protuberate v. To swell or bulge beyond the surrounding surface.
proctor n. An agent acting for another.
proverb n. A brief, pithy saying, condensing in witty or striking form the wisdom of experience.
prodigal n. One wasteful or extravagant, especially in the use of money or property.
provident adj. Anticipating and making ready for future wants or emergencies.
prodigious adj. Immense.
providential adj. Effected by divine guidance.
prodigy n. A person or thing of very remarkable gifts or qualities.
provincial adj. Uncultured in thought and manner.
productive adj. Yielding in abundance.
proviso n. A clause in a contract, will, etc., by which its operation is rendered conditional.
profession n. Any calling or occupation involving special mental or other special disciplines.
provocation n. An action or mode of conduct that excites resentment.
professor n. A public teacher of the highest grade in a university or college.
prowess n. Strength, skill, and intrepidity in battle.
proffer v. To offer to another for acceptance.
proximately adv. Immediately.
proficiency n. An advanced state of acquirement, as in some knowledge, art, or science.
proxy n. A person who is empowered by another to represent him or her in a given matter.
proficient adj. Possessing ample and ready knowledge or of skill in any art, science, or industry.
prudence n. Caution.
profile n. An outline or contour.
prudential adj. Proceeding or marked by caution. prudery n.
profiteer n. One who profits. profligacy
An undue display of modesty or delicacy. prurient adj.
n. Shameless viciousness. profligate adj.
Inclined to lascivious thoughts and desires. pseudapostle n.
Abandoned to vice.
A pretended or false apostle.
profuse adj. Produced or displayed in overabundance.
pseudonym n. A fictitious name, especially when assumed by a writer.
progeny n. Offspring.
pseudonymity n. The state or character of using a fictitious name. psychiatry n.
progression n. A moving forward or proceeding in course.
The branch of medicine that relates to mental disease. psychic adj. Pertaining to
prohibition n. A decree or an order forbidding something.
the mind or soul.
prohibitionist n. One who favors the prohibition by law of the manufacture and sale of alcoholic
psychopathic adj. Morally irresponsible.
beverages.
psychotherapy n. The treatment of mental disease.
prohibitory adj. Involving or equivalent to prohibition, especially of the sale of alcoholic
pudgy adj. Small and fat.
beverages.
puerile adj. Childish.
projection n. A prominence.
proletarian n. A person of the lowest or poorest class. pugnacious adj. Quarrelsome. puissant
prolific adj. Producing offspring or fruit. adj. Possessing strength. pulmonary adj.
prolix adj. Verbose. Pertaining to the lungs.
punctilious adj. Strictly observant of the rules or forms prescribed by law or custom.
prologue n. A prefatory statement or explanation to a poem, discourse, or performance.
punctual adj. Observant and exact in points of time.
prolong v. To extend in time or duration.
pungent adj. Affecting the sense of smell.
promenade v. To walk for amusement or exercise.
pungency n. The quality of affecting the sense of smell.
prominence n. The quality of being noticeable or distinguished.
punitive adj. Pertaining to punishment.
prominent adj. Conspicuous in position, character, or importance. promiscuous adj.
pupilage n. The state or period of being a student.
Brought together without order, distinction, or design (for sex). promissory adj.
purgatory n. An intermediate state where souls are made fit for paradise or heaven by expiatory
Expressing an engagement to pay.
suffering.
promontory n. A high point of land extending outward from the coastline into the sea.
purl v. To cause to whirl, as in an eddy.
promoter n. A furtherer, forwarder, or encourager.
purloin v. To steal.
promulgate v. To proclaim.
purport n. Intent.
propaganda n. Any institution or systematic scheme for propagating a doctrine or system.
purveyor n. one who supplies
propagate v. To spread abroad or from person to person.
pusillanimous adj. Without spirit or bravery.
propel v. To drive or urge forward.
putrescent adj. Undergoing decomposition of animal or vegetable matter accompanied by fetid odors.
propellant adj. Propelling.
pyre n. A heap of combustibles arranged for burning a dead body.
propeller n. One who or that which propels.
prophecy n. Any prediction or foretelling. pyromania n. An insane propensity to set things on fire. pyrotechnic
prophesy v. To predict or foretell, especially under divine inspiration and guidance. adj. Pertaining to fireworks or their manufacture.
propitious adj. Kindly disposed.
pyx n. A vessel or casket, usually of precious metal, in which the host is preserved.
receivable adj. Capable of being or fit to be received - often money.
quackery n. Charlatanry
receptive adj. Having the capacity, quality, or ability of receiving, as truths or impressions.
quadrate v. To divide into quarters.
recessive adj. Having a tendency to go back.
quadruple v. To multiply by four.
recidivist n. A confirmed criminal.
qualification n. A requisite for an employment, position, right, or privilege. qualify v.
reciprocal adj. Mutually interchangeable or convertible.
To endow or furnish with requisite ability, character, knowledge, skill, or possessions.
reciprocate v. To give and take mutually.
qualm n. A fit of nausea.
reciprocity n. Equal mutual rights and benefits granted and enjoyed.
quandary n. A puzzling predicament.
recitation n. The act of reciting or repeating, especially in public and from memory.
quantity n. Magnitude.
reck v. To have a care or thought for.
quarantine n. The enforced isolation of any person or place infected with contagious disease.
reckless adj. Foolishly headless of danger.
quarrelsome adj. Irascible.
reclaim v. To demand or to obtain the return or restoration of.
quarter n. One of four equal parts into which anything is or may be divided.
recline v. To cause to assume a leaning or recumbent attitude or position.
quarterly adj. Occurring or made at intervals of three months. quartet
recluse n. One who lives in retirement or seclusion.
n. A composition for four voices or four instruments. quarto n. An
reclusory n. A hermitage.
eight-page newspaper of any size.
recognizance n. An acknowledgment entered into before a court with condition to do some
quay n. A wharf or artificial landing-place on the shore of a harbor or projecting into it.
particular act.
querulous adj. Habitually complaining.
query v. To make inquiry. recognize v. To recall the identity of (a person or thing). recoil
queue n. A file of persons waiting in order of their arrival, as for admittance. v. To start back as in dismay, loathing, or dread. recollect v. To
quibble n. An utterly trivial distinction or objection. recall the knowledge of.
reconcilable adj. Capable of being adjusted or harmonized.
quiescence n. Quiet.
quiescent adj. Being in a state of repose or inaction. reconnoiter v. To make a preliminary examination of for military, surveying, or geological
quiet adj. Making no noise. purposes.
reconsider v. To review with care, especially with a view to a reversal of previous action.
quietus n. A silencing, suppressing, or ending.
reconstruct v. To rebuild.
quintessence n. The most essential part of anything.
recourse n. Resort to or application for help in exigency or trouble.
quintet n. Musical composition arranged for five voices or instruments.
recover v. To regain.
quite adv. Fully.
recreant n. A cowardly or faithless person.
Quixotic adj. Chivalrous or romantic to a ridiculous or extravagant degree.
recreate v. To refresh after labor.
rabid adj. Affected with rabies or hydrophobia.
recrudescence n. The state of becoming raw or sore again.
racy adj. Exciting or exhilarating to the mind.
recrudescent adj. Becoming raw or sore again. recruit
radiance n. Brilliant or sparkling luster.
v. To enlist men for military or naval service. rectify v.
radiate v. To extend in all directions, as from a source or focus.
radical n. One who holds extreme views or advocates extreme measures. To correct.
rectitude n. The quality of being upright in principles and conduct.
radix n. That from or on which something is developed.
recuperate v. To recover.
raillery n. Good-humored satire.
recur v. To happen again or repeatedly, especially at regular intervals.
ramify v. To divide or subdivide into branches or subdivisions.
recure v. To cure again.
ramose adj. Branch-like.
recurrent adj. Returning from time to time, especially at regular or stated intervals.
rampant adj. Growing, climbing, or running without check or restraint. rampart
redemption n. The recovery of what is mortgaged or pledged, by paying the debt.
n. A bulwark or construction to oppose assault or hostile entry. rancor n.
redolent adj. Smelling sweet and agreeable.
Malice.
redolence n. Smelling sweet and agreeable.
rankle v. To produce irritation or festering.
redoubtable adj. Formidable.
rapacious adj. Disposed to seize by violence or by unlawful or greedy methods.
redound n. Rebound.
rapid adj. Having great speed.
redress v. To set right, as a wrong by compensation or the punishment of the wrong-doer.
rapine n. The act of seizing and carrying off property by superior force, as in war.
reducible adj. That may be reduced.
rapt adj. Enraptured.
redundance n. Excess.
raptorial adj. Seizing and devouring living prey.
redundant adj. Constituting an excess.
ration v. To provide with a fixed allowance or portion, especially of food.
reestablish v. To restore.
rationalism n. The formation of opinions by relying upon reason alone, independently of
refer v. To direct or send for information or other purpose.
authority.
raucous adj. Harsh. referrer n. One who refers.
ravage v. To lay waste by pillage, rapine, devouring, or other destructive methods. referable adj. Ascribable.
ravenous adj. Furiously voracious or hungry. referee n. An umpire.
refinery n. A place where some crude material, as sugar or petroleum, is purified.
ravine n. A deep gorge or hollow, especially one worn by a stream or flow of water.
reflectible adj. Capable of being turned back.
reaction n. Tendency towards a former, or opposite state of things, as after reform,
reflection n. The throwing off or back of light, heat, sound, or any form of energy that travels in waves. reflector
revolution, or inflation.
reactionary adj. Pertaining to, of the nature of, causing, or favoring reaction. n. A mirror, as of metal, for reflecting light, heat, or sound in a particular direction. reflexible adj.
readily adv. Without objection or reluctance. Capable of being reflected.
reform n. Change for the better.
readjust v. To put in order after disarrangement.
ready adj. In a state of preparedness for any given purpose or occasion. reformer n. One who carries out a reform. refract
v. To bend or turn from a direct course. refractory
realism n. The principle and practice of depicting persons and scenes as they are believed really to
adj. Not amenable to control. refragable adj.
exist.
rearrange v. To arrange again or in a different order. Capable of being refuted. refringency n. Power to
reassure v. To give new confidence. refract.
refringent adj. Having the power to refract.
rebellious adj. Insubordinate.
rebuff n. A peremptory or unexpected rejection of advances or approaches. refusal n. Denial of what is asked.
rebuild v. To build again or anew. refute v. To prove to be wrong. regale
rebut v. To oppose by argument or a sufficient answer. v. To give unusual pleasure. regalia n.
pl. The emblems of royalty. regality n.
recant v. To withdraw formally one's belief (in something previously believed or maintained).
recapitulate v. To repeat again the principal points of. Royalty.
recapture v. To capture again. regenerate v. To reproduce.
recede v. To move back or away. regent n. One who is lawfully deputized to administer the government for the time being in the
name of the ruler.
regicide n. The killing of a king or sovereign.
regime n. Particular conduct or administration of affairs.
regimen n. A systematized order or course of living with reference to food, clothing and personal
repugnance n. Thorough dislike.
habits.
repugnant adj. Offensive to taste and feeling.
regiment n. A body of soldiers.
repulse n. The act of beating or driving back, as an attacking or advancing enemy.
regnant adj. Exercising royal authority in one's own right.
repulsive adj. Grossly offensive.
regress v. To return to a former place or condition. regretful
repute v. To hold in general opinion.
adj. Feeling, expressive of, or full of regret.
requiem n. A solemn mass sung for the repose of the souls of the dead.
rehabilitate v. To restore to a former status, capacity, right rank, or privilege.
requisite adj. Necessary.
reign v. To hold and exercise sovereign power.
requital n. Adequate return for good or ill.
reimburse v. To pay back as an equivalent of what has been expended. rein n. A
requite v. To repay either good or evil to, as to a person.
step attached to the bit for controlling a horse or other draft-animal. reinstate v. To
rescind v. To make void, as an act, by the enacting authority or a superior authority.
restore to a former state, station, or authority.
reseat v. To place in position of office again.
reiterate v. To say or do again and again.
resemblance n. Similarity in quality or form. resent
rejoin v. To reunite after separation.
v. To be indignant at, as an injury or insult.
rejuvenate v. To restore to youth.
reservoir n. A receptacle where a quantity of some material, especially of a liquid or gas, may be kept. residue n.
rejuvenescence n. A renewal of youth.
A remainder or surplus after a part has been separated or otherwise treated. resilience n. The power of
relapse v. To suffer a return of a disease after partial recovery.
springing back to a former position
relegate v. To send off or consign, as to an obscure position or remote destination.
resilient adj. Having the quality of springing back to a former position.
relent v. To yield.
resistance n. The exertion of opposite effort or effect. resistant
relevant adj. Bearing upon the matter in hand.
adj. Offering or tending to produce resistance. resistive adj.
reliance n. Dependence.
Having or exercising the power of resistance. resistless adj.
reliant adj. Having confidence.
Powerless.
relinquish v. To give up using or having.
resonance n. The quality of being able to reinforce sound by sympathetic vibrations.
reliquary n. A casket, coffer, or repository in which relics are kept.
resonance adj. Able to reinforce sound by sympathetic vibrations.
relish v. To like the taste or savor of.
resonate v. To have or produce resonance.
reluctance n. Unwillingness. reluctant
resource n. That which is restored to, relied upon, or made available for aid or support.
adj. Unwilling. remembrance n.
respite n. Interval of rest. resplendent
Recollection.
adj. Very bright. respondent adj.
reminiscence n. The calling to mind of incidents within the range of personal knowledge or
Answering.
experience.
restitution n. Restoration of anything to the one to whom it properly belongs.
reminiscent adj. Pertaining to the recollection of matters of personal interest.
resumption n. The act of taking back, or taking again.
remiss adj. Negligent.
resurgent adj. Surging back or again.
remission n. Temporary diminution of a disease.
resurrection n. A return from death to life
remodel v. Reconstruct.
resuscitate v. To restore from apparent death.
remonstrance n. Reproof.
remonstrant adj. Having the character of a reproof. retaliate v. To repay evil with a similar evil. retch
v. To make an effort to vomit.
remonstrate v. To present a verbal or written protest to those who have power to right or prevent
retention n. The keeping of a thing within one's power or possession.
a wrong.
reticence n. The quality of habitually keeping silent or being reserved in utterance.
remunerate v. To pay or pay for.
reticent adj. Habitually keeping silent or being reserved in utterance.
remuneration n. Compensation.
retinue n. The body of persons who attend a person of importance in travel or public appearance.
Renaissance n. The revival of letters, and then of art, which marks the transition from medieval
retort n. A retaliatory speech.
to modern time.
retouch v. To modify the details of.
rendezvous n. A prearranged place of meeting.
retrace v. To follow backward or toward the place of beginning, as a track or marking.
rendition n. Interpretation.
retract v. To recall or take back (something that one has said).
renovate v. To restore after deterioration, as a building. renunciation n.
retrench v. To cut down or reduce in extent or quantity. retrieve v.
An explicit disclaimer of a right or privilege. reorganize v. To change to a
To recover something by searching.
more satisfactory form of organization. reparable adj. Capable of repair.
retroactive adj. Operative on, affecting, or having reference to past events, transactions,
reparation n. The act of making amends, as for an injury, loss, or wrong.
responsibilities.
repartee n. A ready, witty, or apt reply.
retrograde v. To cause to deteriorate or to move backward. retrogression n.
repeal v. To render of no further effect.
A going or moving backward or in a reverse direction. retrospect n. A view
repel v. To force or keep back in a manner, physically or mentally.
or contemplation of something past. retrospective adj. Looking back on the
repellent adj. Having power to force back in a manner, physically or mentally. repentance n.
past.
Sorrow for something done or left undone, with desire to make things right by undoing the
reunite v. To unite or join again, as after separation.
wrong.
revelation n. A disclosing, discovering, or making known of what was before secret, private, or
repertory n. A place where things are stored or gathered together.
unknown.
repetition n. The act of repeating.
revere v. To regard with worshipful veneration.
repine v. To indulge in fretfulness and faultfinding.
reverent adj. Humble.
replenish v. To fill again, as something that has been emptied.
reversion n. A return to or toward some former state or condition.
replete adj. Full to the uttermost.
revert v. To return, or turn or look back, as toward a former position or the like.
replica n. A duplicate executed by the artist himself, and regarded, equally with the first, as an original.
revile v. To heap approach or abuse upon.
repository n. A place in which goods are stored.
revisal n. Revision.
reprehend v. To find fault with. reprehensible
revise v. To examine for the correction of errors, or for the purpose of making changes.
adj. Censurable. reprehension n. Expression of
revocation n. Repeal.
blame. repress v. To keep under restraint or
revoke v. To rescind.
control.
rhapsody n. Rapt or rapturous utterance.
repressible adj. Able to be kept under restraint or control.
rhetoric n. The art of discourse. rhetorician
reprieve v. To grant a respite from punishment to. reprimand
n. A showy writer or speaker.
v. To chide or rebuke for a fault.
ribald adj. Indulging in or manifesting coarse indecency or obscenity. riddance
reprisal n. Any infliction or act by way of retaliation on an enemy.
n. The act or ridding or delivering from something undesirable. ridicule n. Looks
reprobate n. One abandoned to depravity and sin.
or acts expressing amused contempt.
reproduce v. To make a copy of.
ridiculous adj. Laughable and contemptible.
reproduction n. The process by which an animal or plant gives rise to another of its kind. reproof
rife adj. Abundant.
n. An expression of disapproval or blame personally addressed to one censured. repudiate v. To
righteousness n. Rectitude.
refuse to have anything to do with.
rightful adj. Conformed to a just claim according to established laws or usage.
rigmarole n. Nonsense.
scuttle v. To sink (a ship) by making holes in the bottom.
rigor n. Inflexibility.
scythe n. A long curved blade for mowing, reaping, etc.
rigorous adj. Uncompromising.
séance n. A meeting of spirituals for consulting spirits. sear
ripplet n. A small ripple, as of water.
v. To burn on the surface.
risible adj. capable of exciting laughter.
sebaceous adj. Pertaining to or appearing like fat.
rivulet n. A small stream or brook.
secant adj. Cutting, especially into two parts.
robust adj. Characterized by great strength or power of endurance.
secede v. To withdraw from union or association, especially from a political or religious body.
rondo n. A musical composition during which the first part or subject is repeated several times.
secession n. Voluntary withdrawal from fellowship, especially from political or religious bodies.
rookery n. A place where crows congregate to breed.
seclude v. To place, keep, or withdraw from the companionship of others.
rotary adj. Turning around its axis, like a wheel, or so constructed as to turn thus.
seclusion n. Solitude.
rotate v. To cause to turn on or as on its axis, as a wheel.
secondary adj. Less important or effective than that which is primary.
rote n. Repetition of words or sounds as a means of learning them, with slight attention.
secondly adv. In the second place in order or succession. second-
rotund adj. Round from fullness or plumpness.
rudimentary adj. Being in an initial, early, or incomplete stage of development. rate adj. Second in quality, size, rank, importance, etc. secrecy n.
rue v. To regret extremely. Concealment.
ruffian adj. A lawless or recklessly brutal fellow. secretary n. One who attends to correspondence, keeps records. or does other writing for others.
secretive adj. Having a tendency to conceal.
ruminant adj. Chewing the cud.
sedate adj. Even-tempered.
ruminate v. To chew over again, as food previously swallowed and regurgitated.
sedentary adj. Involving or requiring much sitting.
rupture v. To separate the parts of by violence. rustic
sediment n. Matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid.
adj. Characteristic of dwelling in the country. ruth n.
sedition n. Conduct directed against public order and the tranquility of the state. seditious adj.
Sorrow for another's misery.
Promotive of conduct directed against public order and the tranquility of the state.
sacrifice v. To make an offering of to deity, especially by presenting on an altar.
seduce v. To entice to surrender chastity. sedulous
sacrificial adj. Offering or offered as an atonement for sin. sacrilege n.
adj. Persevering in effort or endeavor. seer n. A
The act of violating or profaning anything sacred. sacrilegious adj.
prophet.
Impious.
seethe v. To be violently excited or agitated.
safeguard v. To protect.
seignior n. A title of honor or respectful address, equivalent to sir. seismograph n.
sagacious adj. Able to discern and distinguish with wise perception.
An instrument for recording the phenomena of earthquakes. seize v. To catch or take
salacious adj. Having strong sexual desires. salience
hold of suddenly and forcibly.
n. The condition of standing out distinctly. salient adj.
selective adj. Having the power of choice.
Standing out prominently.
self-respect n. Rational self-esteem.
saline adj. Constituting or consisting of salt.
salutary adj. Beneficial. semblance n. Outward appearance.
semicivilized adj. Half-civilized.
salutation n. Any form of greeting, hailing, or welcome, whether by word or act.
semiconscious adj. Partially conscious.
salutatory n. The opening oration at the commencement in American colleges. salvage
semiannual adj. Recurring at intervals of six months.
n. Any act of saving property.
semicircle n. A half-circle.
salvo n. A salute given by firing all the guns, as at the funeral of an officer. sanctimonious adj.
seminar n. Any assemblage of pupils for real research in some specific study under a teacher.
Making an ostentatious display or hypocritical pretense of holiness or piety.
seminary n. A special school, as of theology or pedagogics.
sanction v. To approve authoritatively.
senile adj. Peculiar to or proceeding from the weakness or infirmity of old age.
sanctity n. Holiness.
sensation n. A condition of mind resulting from spiritual or inherent feeling. sense
sanguinary adj. Bloody.
n. The signification conveyed by some word, phrase, or action. sensibility n. Power to
sanguine adj. Having the color of blood.
perceive or feel.
sanguineous adj. Consisting of blood.
sensitive adj. Easily affected by outside operations or influences.
sapid adj. Affecting the sense of taste.
sensorium n. The sensory apparatus.
sapience n. Deep wisdom or knowledge.
sensual adj. Pertaining to the body or the physical senses.
sapient adj. Possessing wisdom. sapiential
sensuous adj. Having a warm appreciation of the beautiful or of the refinements of luxury.
adj. Possessing wisdom.
sentence n. A related group of words containing a subject and a predicate and expressing a
saponaceous adj. Having the nature or quality of soap.
complete thought.
sarcasm n. Cutting and reproachful language. sarcophagus n.
sentience n. Capacity for sensation or sense-perception. sentient
A stone coffin or a chest-like tomb. sardonic adj. Scornfully or
adj. Possessing the power of sense or sense-perception. sentinel n. Any
bitterly sarcastic.
guard or watch stationed for protection. separable adj. Capable of
satiate v. To satisfy fully the appetite or desire of.
being disjoined or divided.
satire n. The employment of sarcasm, irony, or keenness of wit in ridiculing vices.
separate v. To take apart.
satiric adj. Resembling poetry, in which vice, incapacity ,or corruption is held up to ridicule.
separatist n. A seceder.
satirize v. To treat with sarcasm or derisive wit.
septennial adj. Recurring every seven years.
satyr n. A very lascivious person.
sepulcher n. A burial-place.
savage n. A wild and uncivilized human being.
sequacious adj. Ready to be led.
savor v. To perceive by taste or smell.
sequel n. That which follows in consequence of what has previously happened. sequence n.
scabbard n. The sheath of a sword or similar bladed weapon. scarcity
The order in which a number or persons, things, or events follow one another in space or time.
n. Insufficiency of supply for needs or ordinary demands. scholarly adj.
sequent adj. Following in the order of time.
Characteristic of an erudite person.
sequester v. To cause to withdraw or retire, as from society or public life.
scholastic adj. Pertaining to education or schools.
sequestrate v. To confiscate.
scintilla n. The faintest ray.
sergeant n. A non-commissioned military officer ranking next above a corporal. sergeant-at-
scintillate v. To emit or send forth sparks or little flashes of light.
arms n. An executive officer in legislative bodies who enforces the orders of the presiding
scope n. A range of action or view.
officer.
scoundrel n. A man without principle.
sergeant-major n. The highest non-commissioned officer in a regiment.
scribble n. Hasty, careless writing.
service n. Any work done for the benefit of another.
scribe n. One who writes or is skilled in writing.
serviceable adj. Durable.
script n. Writing or handwriting of the ordinary cursive form.
servitude n. Slavery.
Scriptural adj. Pertaining to, contained in, or warranted by the Holy Scriptures. scruple n.
Doubt or uncertainty regarding a question of moral right or duty. scrupulous adj. Cautious
in action for fear of doing wrong.
scurrilous adj. Grossly indecent or vulgar.
severance n. Separation.
sophistry n. Reasoning sound in appearance only, especially when designedly deceptive.
severely adv. Extremely.
soprano n. A woman's or boy's voice of high range.
sextet n. A band of six singers or players.
sorcery n. Witchcraft.
sextuple adj. Multiplied by six.
sordid adj. Of degraded character or nature.
sheer adj. Absolute.
souvenir n. A token of remembrance. sparse
shiftless adj. Wanting in resource, energy, or executive ability.
shrewd adj. Characterized by skill at understanding and profiting by circumstances. adj. Thinly diffused.
Spartan adj. Exceptionally brave; rigorously severe.
shriek n. A sharp, shrill outcry or scream, caused by agony or terror.
spasmodic adj. Convulsive.
shrinkage n. A contraction of any material into less bulk or dimension.
specialize v. To assume an individual or specific character, or adopt a singular or special course.
shrivel v. To draw or be drawn into wrinkles.
specialty n. An employment limited to one particular line of work.
shuffle n. A mixing or changing the order of things.
specie n. A coin or coins of gold, silver, copper, or other metal.
sibilance n. A hissing sound.
species n. A classificatory group of animals or plants subordinate to a genus.
sibilant adj. Made with a hissing sound.
specimen n. One of a class of persons or things regarded as representative of the class.
sibilate v. To give a hissing sound to, as in pronouncing the letter s.
specious adj. Plausible.
sidelong adj. Inclining or tending to one side.
spectator n. One who beholds or looks on.
sidereal adj. Pertaining to stars or constellations.
specter n. Apparition.
siege n. A beleaguerment.
spectrum n. An image formed by rays of light or other radiant energy.
significance n. Importance.
speculate v. To pursue inquiries and form conjectures.
significant adj. Important, especially as pointing something out.
speculator n. One who makes an investment that involves a risk of loss, but also a chance of
signification n. The meaning conveyed by language, actions, or signs.
profit.
similar adj. Bearing resemblance to one another or to something else.
sphericity n. The state or condition of being a sphere.
simile n. A comparison which directs the mind to the representative object itself.
spheroid n. A body having nearly the form of a sphere.
similitude n. Similarity.
spherometer n. An instrument for measuring curvature or radii of spherical surfaces.
simplify v. To make less complex or difficult.
spinous adj. Having spines.
simulate v. Imitate.
spinster n. A woman who has never been married.
simultaneous adj. Occurring, done, or existing at the same time. sinecure n.
spontaneous adj. Arising from inherent qualities or tendencies without external efficient cause.
Any position having emoluments with few or no duties. singe v. To burn
sprightly adj. Vivacious.
slightly or superficially.
spurious adj. Not genuine.
sinister adj. Evil.
squabble v. To quarrel.
sinuosity n. The quality of curving in and out.
squalid adj. Having a dirty, mean, poverty-stricken appearance.
sinuous adj. Curving in and out.
squatter n. One who settles on land without permission or right.
sinus n. An opening or cavity.
stagnant adj. Not flowing: said of water, as in a pool.
siren n. A sea-nymph, described by Homer as dwelling between the island of Circe and Scylla.
stagnate v. To become dull or inert.
sirocco n. hot winds from Africa.
stagnation n. The condition of not flowing or not changing.
sisterhood n. A body of sisters united by some bond of sympathy or by a religious vow.
stagy adj. Having a theatrical manner.
skeptic n. One who doubts any statements.
staid adj. Of a steady and sober character.
skepticism n. The entertainment of doubt concerning something.
stallion n. An uncastrated male horse, commonly one kept for breeding.
skiff n. Usually, a small light boat propelled by oars.
stanchion n. A vertical bar, or a pair of bars, used to confine cattle in a stall.
skirmish n. Desultory fighting between advanced detachments of two armies. sleight n.
stanza n. A group of rimed lines, usually forming one of a series of similar divisions in a poem.
A trick or feat so deftly done that the manner of performance escapes observation.
statecraft n. The art of conducting state affairs.
slight adj. Of a small importance or significance.
static adj. Pertaining to or designating bodies at rest or forces in equilibrium.
slothful adj. Lazy.
statics n. The branch of mechanics that treats of the relations that subsist among forces in order.
sluggard n. A person habitually lazy or idle.
stationary adj. Not moving.
sociable adj. Inclined to seek company.
statistician n. One who is skilled in collecting and tabulating numerical facts.
socialism n. A theory of civil polity that aims to secure the reconstruction of society. socialist adj.
statuesque adj. Having the grace, pose, or quietude of a statue.
One who advocates reconstruction of society by collective ownership of land and capital. sociology n. The
statuette n. A figurine.
philosophical study of society.
stature n. The natural height of an animal body.
Sol n. The sun.
statute n. Any authoritatively declared rule, ordinance, decree, or law.
solace n. Comfort in grief, trouble, or calamity.
stealth n. A concealed manner of acting.
solar adj. Pertaining to the sun.
stellar adj. Pertaining to the stars.
solder n. A fusible alloy used for joining metallic surfaces or margins.
steppe n. One of the extensive plains in Russia and Siberia.
soldier n. A person engaged in military service.
sterling adj. Genuine.
solecism n. Any violation of established rules or customs.
stifle v. To smother.
solicitor n. One who represents a client in court of justice; an attorney.
stigma n. A mark of infamy or token of disgrace attaching to a person as the result of evil- doing.
solicitude n. Uneasiness of mind occasioned by desire, anxiety, or fear.
stiletto n. A small dagger.
soliloquy n. A monologue.
stimulant n. Anything that rouses to activity or to quickened action.
solstice n. The time of year when the sun is at its greatest declination.
stimulate v. To rouse to activity or to quickened action.
soluble adj. Capable of being dissolved, as in a fluid. solvent
stimulus n. Incentive.
adj. Having sufficient funds to pay all debts. somber adj.
stingy adj. Cheap, unwilling to spend money.
Gloomy.
stipend n. A definite amount paid at stated periods in compensation for services or as an
somniferous adj. Tending to produce sleep.
allowance.
somnolence n. Oppressive drowsiness. somnolent
Stoicism n. The principles or the practice of the Stoics-being very even tempered in success and
adj. Sleepy.
failure.
sonata n. An instrumental composition.
stolid adj. Expressing no power of feeling or perceiving.
sonnet n. A poem of fourteen decasyllabic or octosyllabiclines expressing two successive phrases.
strait n. A narrow passage of water connecting two larger bodies of water.
sonorous adj. Resonant.
stratagem n. Any clever trick or device for obtaining an advantage.
soothsayer n. One who claims to have supernatural insight or foresight. sophism n.
stratum n. A natural or artificial layer, bed, or thickness of any substance or material.
A false argument understood to be such by the reasoner himself and intentionally used to
streamlet n. Rivulet.
deceive
stringency n. Strictness.
sophistical adj. Fallacious.
sophisticate v. To deprive of simplicity of mind or manner.
stringent adj. Rigid.

supple adj. Easily bent.
stripling n. A mere youth.
studious adj. Having or showing devotion to the acquisition of knowledge. supplementary adj. Being an addition to. supplicant
n. One who asks humbly and earnestly. supplicate v.
stultify v. To give an appearance of foolishness to.
To beg.
stupendous adj. Of prodigious size, bulk, or degree. stupor
supposition n. Conjecture.
n. Profound lethargy.
suppress v. To prevent from being disclosed or punished.
suasion n. The act of persuading.
suppressible adj. Capable of being suppressed. suppression
suave adj. Smooth and pleasant in manner.
subacid adj. Somewhat sharp or biting. n. A forcible putting or keeping down. supramundane adj.
subaquatic adj. Being, formed, or operating under water. Supernatural.
surcharge n. An additional amount charged.
subconscious adj. Being or occurring in the mind, but without attendant consciousness or
surety n. Security for payment or performance.
conscious perception.
subjacent adj. Situated directly underneath. surfeit v. To feed to fullness or to satiety. surmise
subjection n. The act of bringing into a state of submission. v. To conjecture.
surmount v. To overcome by force of will.
subjugate v. To conquer.
surreptitious adj. Clandestine.
subliminal adj. Being beneath the threshold of consciousness.
sublingual adj. Situated beneath the tongue. surrogate n. One who or that which is substituted for or appointed to act in place of another.
surround v. To encircle.
submarine adj. Existing, done, or operating beneath the surface of the sea.
surveyor n. A land-measurer.
submerge v. To place or plunge under water.
susceptibility n. A specific capability of feeling or emotion.
submergence n. The act of submerging. submersible
susceptible adj. Easily under a specified power or influence.
adj. Capable of being put underwater. submersion n. The
suspense n. Uncertainty.
act of submerging.
submission n. A yielding to the power or authority of another. suspension n. A hanging from a support.
submittal n. The act of submitting. suspicious adj. Inclined to doubt or mistrust.
subordinate adj. Belonging to an inferior order in a classification. sustenance n. Food.
swarthy adj. Having a dark hue, especially a dark or sunburned complexion.
subsequent adj. Following in time.
Sybarite n. A luxurious person.
subservience n. The quality, character, or condition of being servilely following another's
sycophant n. A servile flatterer, especially of those in authority or influence. syllabic
behests.
adj. Consisting of that which is uttered in a single vocal impulse. syllabication n. Division of
subservient adj. Servilely following another's behests. subside v.
words into that which is uttered in a single vocal impulse. syllable n. That which is uttered in
To relapse into a state of repose and tranquility. subsist v. To be
a single vocal impulse.
maintained or sustained.
subsistence n. Sustenance. syllabus n. Outline of a subject, course, lecture, or treatise.
substantive adj. Solid. sylph n. A slender, graceful young woman or girl. symmetrical
subtend v. To extend opposite to. adj. Well-balanced.
subterfuge n. Evasion. symmetry n. Relative proportion and harmony.
subterranean adj. Situated or occurring below the surface of the earth. sympathetic adj. Having a fellow-feeling for or like feelings with another or others.
subtle adj. Discriminating. sympathize v. To share the sentiments or mental states of another.
symphonic adj. Characterized by a harmonious or agreeable mingling of sounds.
subtrahend n. That which is to be subtracted.
symphonious adj. Marked by a harmonious or agreeable mingling of sounds. symphony
subversion n. An overthrow, as from the foundation.
n. A harmonious or agreeable mingling of sounds.
subvert v. To bring to ruin.
succeed v. To accomplish what is attempted or intended. synchronism n. Simultaneousness.
syndicate n. An association of individuals united for the prosecution of some enterprise.
success n. A favorable or prosperous course or termination of anything attempted.
syneresis n. The coalescence of two vowels or syllables, as e'er for ever.
successful adj. Having reached a high degree of worldly prosperity.
synod n. An ecclesiastical council.
successor n. One who or that which takes the place of a predecessor or preceding thing.
synonym n. A word having the same or almost the same meaning as some other.
succinct adj. Concise.
synopsis n. A syllabus or summary.
succulent adj. Juicy. succumb
systematic adj. Methodical.
v. To cease to resist. sufferance
tableau n. An arrangement of inanimate figures representing a scene from real life.
n. Toleration.
tacit adj. Understood.
sufficiency n. An ample or adequate supply.
taciturn adj. Disinclined to conversation.
suffrage n. The right or privilege of voting.
tack n. A small sharp-pointed nail.
suffuse v. To cover or fill the surface of.
tact n. Fine or ready mental discernment shown in saying or doing the proper thing.
suggestible adj. That can be suggested.
tactician n. One who directs affairs with skill and shrewdness.
suggestive adj. Stimulating to thought or reflection.
tactics n. Any maneuvering or adroit management for effecting an object.
summary n. An abstract.
tangency n. The state of touching.
sumptuous adj. Rich and costly.
tangent adj. Touching.
superabundance n. An excessive amount.
tangible adj. Perceptible by touch.
superadd v. To add in addition to what has been added.
tannery n. A place where leather is tanned.
superannuate v. To become deteriorated or incapacitated by long service.
tantalize v. To tease.
superb adj. Sumptuously elegant.
tantamount adj. Having equal or equivalent value, effect, or import.
supercilious adj. Exhibiting haughty and careless contempt.
tapestry n. A fabric to which a pattern is applied with a needle, designed for ornamental hangings.
superficial adj. Knowing and understanding only the ordinary and the obvious.
tarnish v. To lessen or destroy the luster of in any way.
superfluity n. That part of anything that is in excess of what is needed. superfluous adj.
taut adj. Stretched tight.
Being more than is needed.
taxation n. A levy, by government, of a fixed contribution.
superheat v. To heat to excess.
taxidermy n. The art or process of preserving dead animals or parts of them.
superintend v. To have the charge and direction of, especially of some work or movement.
technic adj. Technical.
superintendence n. Direction and management.
technicality n. Something peculiar to a particular art, trade, or the like.
superintendent n. One who has the charge and direction of, especially of some work or
technique n. Manner of performance.
movement.
technography n. The scientific description or study of human arts and industries in their historic
superlative n. That which is of the highest possible excellence or eminence. supernatural
development.
adj. Caused miraculously or by the immediate exercise of divine power. supernumerary
technology n. The knowledge relating to industries and manufactures.
adj. Superfluous.
teem v. To be full to overflowing.
supersede v. To displace. supine
telepathy n. Thought-transference.
adj. Lying on the back. supplant v.
To take the place of.
telephony n. The art or process of communicating by telephone.

trait n. A distinguishing feature or quality.
telescope v. To drive together so that one slides into the another like the sections of a spy- glass.
trajectory n. The path described by a projectile moving under given forces.
telltale adj. That gives warning or information.
trammel n. An impediment.
temerity n. Recklessness.
tranquil adj. Calm.
temporal adj. Pertaining to or concerned with the affairs of the present life.
temporary adj. Lasting for a short time only. tranquilize v. To soothe.
temporize v. To pursue a policy of delay. tranquility n. Calmness.
transalpine adj. Situated on the other side of the Alps.
tempt v. To offer to (somebody) an inducement to do wrong.
transact v. To do business.
tempter n. An allurer or enticer to evil.
transatlantic adj. Situated beyond or on the other side of the Atlantic.
tenacious adj. Unyielding.
transcend v. To surpass.
tenant n. An occupant.
transcendent adj. Surpassing.
tendency n. Direction or inclination, as toward some objector end.
transcontinental adj. Extending or passing across a continent.
tenet n. Any opinion, principle, dogma, or doctrine that a person believes or maintains as true.
tenor n. A settled course or manner of progress. transcribe v. To write over again (something already written)
tense adj. Strained to stiffness. transcript n. A copy made directly from an original.
tentative adj. Done as an experiment. transfer v. To convey, remove, or cause to pass from one person or place to another.
transferable adj. Capable of being conveyed from one person or place to another. transferee n.
tenure n. The term during which a thing is held. tercentenary
The person to whom a transfer is made.
adj. Pertaining to a period of 300 years. termagant adj.
transference n. The act of conveying from one person or place to another. transferrer n.
Violently abusive and quarrelsome. terminal adj. Pertaining to
One who or that which conveys from one person or place to another. transfigure v. To
or creative of a boundary, limit. terminate v. To put an end or
give an exalted meaning or glorified appearance to.
stop to.
termination n. The act of ending or concluding. transfuse v. To pour or cause to pass, as a fluid, from one vessel to another.
terminus n. The final point or goal. transfusible adj. Capable of being poured from one vessel to another. transfusion n.
terrify v. To fill with extreme fear. The act of pouring from one vessel to another.
territorial adj. Pertaining to the domain over which a sovereign state exercises jurisdiction. transgress v. To break a law.
terse adj. Pithy. transience n. Something that is of short duration.
testament n. A will. transient n. One who or that which is only of temporary existence.
testator n. The maker of a will. transition n. Passage from one place, condition, or action to another.
testimonial n. A formal token of regard, often presented in public. transitory adj. Existing for a short time only.
thearchy n. Government by a supreme deity. translate v. To give the sense or equivalent of in another language or dialect.
theism n. Belief in God. translator n. An interpreter.
translucence n. The property or state of allowing the passage of light.
theocracy n. A government administered by ecclesiastics.
theocrasy n. The mixed worship of polytheism. theologian translucent adj. Allowing the passage of light.
n. A professor of divinity. transmissible adj. That may e sent through or across.
theological adj. Based on or growing out of divine revelation. transmission n. The act of sending through or across.
theology n. The branch of theological science that treats of God. transmit v. To send trough or across.
theoretical adj. Directed toward knowledge for its own sake without respect to applications. transmute v. To change in nature, substance, or form.
theorist n. One given to speculating. transparent adj. Easy to see through or understand. transpire v.
theorize v. To speculate. To come to pass.
thereabout adv. Near that number, quantity, degree, place, or time, approximately. transplant v. To remove and plant in another place.
therefor adv. For that or this. transposition n. The act of reversing the order or changing the place of.
thermal adj. Of or pertaining to heat. transverse adj. Lying or being across or in a crosswise direction.
thermoelectric adj. Denoting electricity produced by heat. thermoelectricity travail n. Hard or agonizing labor.
n. Electricity generated by differences of temperature, thesis n. An essay or travesty n. A grotesque imitation.
treatise on a particular subject. treacherous adj. Perfidious.
thoroughbred adj. Bred from the best or purest blood or stock. treachery n. Violation of allegiance, confidence, or plighted faith.
thoroughfare n. A public street or road. treasonable adj. Of the nature of betrayal, treachery, or breech of allegiance. treatise n.
thrall n. One controlled by an appetite or a passion. An elaborate literary composition presenting a subject in all its parts. treble adj. Multiplied
tilth n. Cultivation. by three.
timbre n. The quality of a tone, as distinguished from intensity and pitch. trebly adv. Triply.
timorous adj. Lacking courage. tremendous adj. Awe-inspiring.
tincture n. A solution, usually alcoholic, of some principle used in medicine. tremor n. An involuntary trembling or shivering.
tremulous adj. Characterized by quivering or unsteadiness.
tinge n. A faint trace of color.
trenchant adj. Cutting deeply and quickly.
tipsy adj. Befuddled with drinks.
trepidation n. Nervous uncertainty of feeling.
tirade n. Harangue.
tireless adj. Untiring. trestle n. An open braced framework for supporting the horizontal stringers of a railway- bridge.
triad n. A group of three persons of things.
tiresome adj. Wearisome.
Titanic adj. Of vast size or strength. tribune n. Any champion of the rights and liberties of the people: often used as the name for a
toilsome adj. Laborious. newspaper.
tolerable adj. Moderately good. trickery n. Artifice.
tricolor adj. Of three colors.
tolerance n. Forbearance in judging of the acts or opinions of others.
tolerant adj. Indulgent. tricycle n. A three-wheeled vehicle.
trident n. The three-pronged fork that was the emblem of Neptune.
tolerate v. To passively permit or put up with.
toleration n. A spirit of charitable leniency. triennial adj. Taking place every third year.
trimness n. Neatness.
topography n. The art of representing on a map the physical features of any locality or region
trinity n. A threefold personality existing in the one divine being or substance.
with accuracy.
trio n. Three things grouped or associated together.
torpor n. Apathy.
torrid adj. Excessively hot. triple adj. Threefold.
tortious adj. Wrongful. triplicate adj. Composed of or pertaining to three related things or parts.
triplicity n. The state of being triple or threefold.
tortuous adj. Abounding in irregular bends or turns.
tripod n. A three-legged stand, usually hinged near the top, for supporting some instrument.
torturous adj. Marked by extreme suffering. tractable
trisect v. To divide into three parts, especially into three equal parts.
adj. Easily led or controlled.
trite adj. Made commonplace by frequent repetition.
triumvir n. One of three men united coordinately in public office or authority.

unlimited adj. Unconstrained.
trivial adj. Of little importance or value.
unnatural adj. Artificial.
troublesome adj. Burdensome. truculence
unnecessary adj. Not essential under the circumstances.
n. Ferocity.
unsettle v. To put into confusion.
truculent adj. Having the character or the spirit of a savage.
unsophisticated adj. Showing inexperience.
truism n. A statement so plainly true as hardly to require statement or proof.
unspeakable adj. Abominable.
truthful adj. Veracious. turgid
untimely adj. Unseasonable.
adj. Swollen. turpitude n.
untoward adj. Causing annoyance or hindrance.
Depravity.
unutterable adj. Inexpressible.
tutelage n. The act of training or the state of being under instruction.
unwieldy adj. Moved or managed with difficulty, as from great size or awkward shape.
tutelar adj. Protective.
unwise adj. Foolish.
tutorship n. The office of a guardian. twinge
unyoke v. To separate.
n. A darting momentary local pain. typical
up-keep n. Maintenance.
adj. Characteristic.
upbraid v. To reproach as deserving blame.
typify v. To serve as a characteristic example of.
upcast n. A throwing upward.
typographical adj. Pertaining to typography or printing.
upheaval n. Overthrow or violent disturbance of established order or condition.
typography n. The arrangement of composed type, or the appearance of printed matter.
upheave v. To raise or lift with effort.
tyrannical adj. Despotic.
uppermost adj. First in order of precedence.
tyranny n. Absolute power arbitrarily or unjustly administrated.
uproarious adj. Noisy.
tyro n. One slightly skilled in or acquainted with any trade or profession.
uproot v. To eradicate.
ubiquitous adj. Being present everywhere.
upturn v. To throw into confusion.
ulterior adj. Not so pertinent as something else to the matter spoken of.
urban adj. Of, or pertaining to, or like a city.
ultimate adj. Beyond which there is nothing else.
urbanity n. Refined or elegant courtesy. urchin
ultimatum n. A final statement or proposal, as concerning terms or conditions.
ultramundane adj. Pertaining to supernatural things or to another life. n. A roguish, mischievous boy. urgency n. The
pressure of necessity. usage n. Treatment.
ultramontane adj. Beyond the mountains, especially beyond the Alps (that is, on their Italian
usurious adj. Taking unlawful or exorbitant interest on money loaned.
side).
usurp v. To take possession of by force.
umbrage n. A sense of injury.
usury n. The demanding for the use of money as a loan, a rate of interest beyond what is allowed by
unaccountable adj. Inexplicable.
law.
unaffected adj. Sincere.
utilitarianism n. The ethical doctrine that actions are right because they are useful or of beneficial
unanimous adj. Sharing the same views or sentiments. unanimity n.
tendency.
The state or quality of being of one mind. unavoidable adj.
utility n. Fitness for some desirable practical purpose.
Inevitable.
utmost n. The greatest possible extent.
unbearable adj. Unendurable.
vacate v. To leave.
unbecoming adj. Unsuited to the wearer, place, or surroundings.
vaccinate v. To inoculate with vaccine virus or virus of cowpox.
unbelief n. Doubt.
vacillate v. To waver.
unbiased adj. Impartial, as judgment.
vacuous adj. Empty.
unbridled adj. Being without restraint.
vacuum n. A space entirely devoid of matter.
uncommon adj. Rare.
vagabond n. A wanderer.
unconscionable adj. Ridiculously or unjustly excessive.
vagrant n. An idle wanderer.
unconscious adj. Not cognizant of objects, actions, etc.
vainglory n. Excessive, pretentious, and demonstrative vanity.
unction n. The art of anointing as with oil.
vale n. Level or low land between hills.
unctuous adj. Oily.
valediction n. A bidding farewell.
undeceive v. To free from deception, as by apprising of the real state of affairs.
valedictorian n. Student who delivers an address at graduating exercises of an educational
undercharge v. To make an inadequate charge for.
institution.
underexposed adj. Insufficiently exposed for proper or full development, as negatives in
valedictory n. A parting address.
photography.
valid adj. Founded on truth. valorous
undergarment n. A garment to be worn under the ordinary outer garments.
adj. Courageous.
underman v. To equip with less than the full complement of men. undersell v.
vapid adj. Having lost sparkling quality and flavor.
To sell at a lower price than.
vaporizer n. An atomizer.
undersized adj. Of less than the customary size.
variable adj. Having a tendency to change.
underhanded adj. Clandestinely carried on. underlie
variance n. Change.
v. To be the ground or support of. underling n. A
variant n. A thing that differs from another in form only, being the same in essence or substance.
subordinate.
variation n. Modification.
undermine v. To subvert in an underhand way.
variegate v. To mark with different shades or colors.
underrate v. To undervalue.
vassal n. A slave or bondman.
understate v. To fail to put strongly enough, as a case.
vaudeville n. A variety show.
undervalue v. To underestimate.
vegetal adj. Of or pertaining to plants.
underworld n. Hades.
vegetarian n. One who believes in the theory that man's food should be exclusively vegetable.
underwrite v. To issue or be party to the issue of a policy of insurance.
vegetate v. To live in a monotonous, passive way without exercise of the mental faculties.
undue adj. More than sufficient.
vegetation n. Plant-life in the aggregate.
undulate v. To move like a wave or in waves.
vegetative adj. Pertaining to the process of plant-life.
undulous adj. Resembling waves. unfavorable
vehement adj. Very eager or urgent.
adj. Adverse.
velocity n. Rapid motion.
ungainly adj. Clumsy.
velvety adj. Marked by lightness and softness.
unguent n. Any ointment or lubricant for local application.
venal adj. Mercenary, corrupt.
unicellular adj. Consisting of a single cell.
vendible adj. Marketable.
univalence n. Monovalency.
vendition n. The act of selling.
unify v. To cause to be one.
vendor n. A seller.
unique adj. Being the only one of its kind.
veneer n. Outside show or elegance.
unison n. A condition of perfect agreement and accord.
venerable adj. Meriting or commanding high esteem.
unisonant adj. Being in a condition of perfect agreement and accord.
Unitarian adj. Pertaining to a religious body that rejects the doctrine of the Trinity.
unlawful adj. Illegal.
venerate v. To cherish reverentially.

volitive adj. Exercising the will.
venereal adj. Pertaining to or proceeding from sexual intercourse. venial
voluble adj. Having great fluency in speaking.
adj. That may be pardoned or forgiven, a forgivable sin. venison n. The
voluptuous adj. having fullness of beautiful form, as a woman, with or without sensuous or sensual
flesh of deer.
quality.
venom n. The poisonous fluid that certain animals secrete.
voracious adj. Eating with greediness or in very large quantities.
venous adj. Of, pertaining to, or contained or carried in a vein or veins.
vortex n. A mass of rotating or whirling fluid, especially when sucked spirally toward the center.
veracious adj. Habitually disposed to speak the truth.
votary adj. Consecrated by a vow or promise.
veracity n. Truthfulness.
votive adj. Dedicated by a vow.
verbatim adv. Word for word.
vulgarity n. Lack of refinement in conduct or speech.
verbiage n. Use of many words without necessity.
vulnerable adj. Capable of receiving injuries.
verbose adj. Wordy.
waif n. A homeless, neglected wanderer.
verdant adj. Green with vegetation.
waistcoat n. A vest.
verification n. The act of proving to be true, exact, or accurate.
waive v. To relinquish, especially temporarily, as a right or claim.
verify v. To prove to be true, exact, or accurate.
verily adv. In truth. wampum n. Beads strung on threads, formerly used among the American Indians as currency.
wxane v. To diminish in size and brilliancy.
verity n. Truth.
wantonness n. Recklessness.
vermin n. A noxious or troublesome animal. vernacular
warlike adj. Belligerent. wavelet
n. The language of one's country. vernal adj. Belonging
n. A ripple.
to or suggestive of the spring.
weak-kneed adj. Without resolute purpose or energy.
versatile adj. Having an aptitude for applying oneself to new and varied tasks or to various
weal n. Well-being.
subjects.
wean v. To transfer (the young) from dependence on mother's milk to another form of nourishment.
version n. A description or report of something as modified by one's character or opinion.
wearisome adj. Fatiguing.
vertex n. Apex.
wee adj. Very small.
vertical adj. Lying or directed perpendicularly to the horizon.
well-bred adj. Of good ancestry.
vertigo n. Dizziness.
well-doer n. A performer of moral and social duties.
vestige n. A visible trace, mark, or impression, of something absent, lost, or gone.
well-to-do adj. In prosperous circumstances.
vestment n. Clothing or covering.
whereabouts n. The place in or near which a person or thing is.
veto n. The constitutional right in a chief executive of refusing to approve an enactment.
whereupon adv. After which.
vicarious adj. Suffered or done in place of or for the sake of another.
wherever adv. In or at whatever place. wherewith
viceroy n. A ruler acting with royal authority in place of the sovereign in a colony or province.
vicissitude n. A change, especially a complete change, of condition or circumstances, as of fortune. n. The necessary means or resources. whet v. To make
vie v. To contend. more keen or eager.
whimsical adj. Capricious.
vigilance n. Alert and intent mental watchfulness in guarding against danger. vigilant
whine v. To utter with complaining tone.
adj. Being on the alert to discover and ward off danger or insure safety. vignette n. A
wholly adv. Completely.
picture having a background or that is shaded off gradually. vincible adj. Conquerable.
wield v. To use, control, or manage, as a weapon, or instrument, especially with full command.
vindicate v. To prove true, right, or real.
wile n. An act or a means of cunning deception.
vindicatory adj. Punitive.
winsome adj. Attractive.
vindicative adj. Revengeful. vinery
wintry adj. Lacking warmth of manner.
n. A greenhouse for grapes.
wiry adj. Thin, but tough and sinewy.
viol n. A stringed instrument of the violin class.
witchcraft n. Sorcery.
viola n. A musical instrument somewhat larger than a violin.
witless adj. Foolish, indiscreet, or silly.
violator n. One who transgresses.
witling n. A person who has little understanding.
violation n. Infringement.
witticism n. A witty, brilliant, or original saying or sentiment.
violoncello n. A stringed instrument held between the player's knees.
wittingly adv. With knowledge and by design.
virago n. A bold, impudent, turbulent woman.
wizen v. To become or cause to become withered or dry.
virile adj. Masculine.
wizen-faced adj. Having a shriveled face.
virtu n. Rare, curious, or beautiful quality.
working-man n. One who earns his bread by manual labor.
virtual adj. Being in essence or effect, but not in form or appearance.
workmanlike adj. Like or befitting a skilled workman.
virtuoso n. A master in the technique of some particular fine art. virulence
workmanship n. The art or skill of a workman.
n. Extreme poisonousness.
wrangle v. To maintain by noisy argument or dispute.
virulent adj. Exceedingly noxious or deleterious.
wreak v. To inflict, as a revenge or punishment.
visage n. The face, countenance, or look of a person.
wrest v. To pull or force away by or as by violent twisting or wringing.
viscount n. In England, a title of nobility, ranking fourth in the order of British peerage.
wretchedness n. Extreme misery or unhappiness.
vista n. A view or prospect.
writhe v. To twist the body, face, or limbs or as in pain or distress.
visual adj. Perceptible by sight.
writing n. The act or art of tracing or inscribing on a surface letters or ideographs.
visualize v. To give pictorial vividness to a mental representation.
wry adj. Deviating from that which is proper or right.
vitality n. The state or quality of being necessary to existence or continuance.
yearling n. A young animal past its first year and not yet two years old.
vitalize v. To endow with life or energy.
vitiate v. To contaminate. zealot n. One who espouses a cause or pursues an object in an immoderately partisan manner.
zeitgeist n. The intellectual and moral tendencies that characterize any age or epoch.
vituperable adj. Deserving of censure.
zenith n. The culminating-point of prosperity, influence, or greatness.
vivacity n. Liveliness.
zephyr n. Any soft, gentle wind.
vivify v. To endue with life.
zodiac n. An imaginary belt encircling the heavens within which are the larger planets.
vivisection n. The dissection of a living animal.
vocable n. a word, especially one regarded in relation merely to its qualities of sound.
vocative adj. Of or pertaining to the act of calling.
vociferance n. The quality of making a clamor. vociferate
Copyright 2002-2009 by EEENI, Inc. Steve Baba, Ph.D. This
v. To utter with a loud and vehement voice. vociferous adj. may be copied for classroom or individual use without royalties.
Making a loud outcry.
vogue n. The prevalent way or fashion.
Any sale, commercial use, or Internet use prohibited.
volant adj. Flying or able to fly. Modification prohibited.
volatile adj. Changeable.
volition n. An act or exercise of will.
SAT Math Notes 3 + 1 = 4 (even number) 2 + 2 = 4 (even number) All Factor Trees give the same
prime factors, but NOT all
By Steve Baba, Ph.D. SAME IDEA, but not factors.
 2008. FREE for individual same results for
or classroom use. Not free multiplication: 100 can also be factored as:
for commercial or online use. 3  2 = 6 (even number) 10  10
3  1 = 3 (odd number) 2525
For SAT reading see my site: 2  2 = 4 (even number) giving the same prime factors
www.FreeVocabulary.com as above, but missed the
for a free list of 5000 SAT SAT often combines several nonprime factors 25 and 50.
words with brief definitions. of the above rules: Both trees missed 4 and 20.
(odd+odd+even)  odd
Integers Use any even and any odd Find ALL (nonprime) factors
Positive & negative number to determine if by multiplying prime factors.
whole numbers and result is always even or odd: 2  2 = 4 and
ZERO. ( 3 + 3 + 2 )  3 = 24 (even) 2  2  5 = 20 and
…-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 … 5  5 = 25 and
Multiplying Positive and 5  5  2 = 50
Negative Numbers Negative Numbers
Left of zero on number line. abcd Or use “brute force” and
All PositiveAlways Positive divide 100 by
 Smaller Larger  2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,then 10.
 All Negative is not always (11 and higher is covered by
-4 -2 0 2 4 negative since two or any checking 9 and lower)
EVEN number of negative
-2 is GREATER than –4 numbers CANCEL each Least Common Multiples
-1/4 is GREATER than –1/2 other’s negativity out. If (LCM)
ALL a, b, c, and d are LCM of 10 and 12:
Order of Operations negative, the product is 10  12 = 120, a multiple
PEMDAS (Please excuse my positive. (good enough for adding
dear aunt Sally) -1  -1  -1  -1 is POSITIVE fractions) but not necessarily
the least.
Parenthesis ONE Negative number or
Exponents any other ODD number of List multiples of each: 10,
Multiplication/Division negatives  Negative 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70
left to right 12, 24, 36, 48, 60
Addition/Subtraction Dividing is the same 60 is Least Common Multiple.
left to right as multiplication.
On multiple-choice questions,
3x ≠ (3x) = (3x)(3x) = 9x
2 2 2
The SAT often has these LCM can be found by working
positive/negative questions backwards from answers:
Because a+b = b+a and backwards. If the result of a) 120 b) 80 c) 60 d) 36 e)10
a  b = b  a, don’t worry a  b c  d is negative then?
about order of addition or (one OR three of a, b, c, d is by dividing each answer by 10
multiplication, but negative) and 12 and choosing the least.
because
Prime Numbers Greatest Common Factor (of
a – b ≠ b – a, and 75 and 100)
A number divisible by
a÷b≠ b÷a
ONLY itself and 1. Find ALL (including
watch subtraction and nonprime) factors of both.
division order in tricky word Prime numbers: 75: 3, 5, 15, 25
problems. 2 (the only EVEN 100: 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50
prime number) 3, 5, 7,
Odd/Even Operations 11, 13, OR find the prime factors they
There are rules: 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, ….. have in common and multiply:
Odd number + Even number 5  5 (both 75 and 100 have
= Odd number ALWAYS. 1 is NOT a prime number TWO 5’s in factor tree)
Odd + Odd = Even OR on multiple choice
Even + Even = Even Prime Factors (Trees) questions work backwards
Factor 100: from answers.
But it’s easier to remember 2  50
by using any even or odd 2  2  25
number 3 + 2 = 5 (odd 2255
number)
a) 75 b) 50 c) 30 d) 25 e) 5 includes –2 and 2. 2 3 4 5 5
Fractions, Multiplying
Only 25 and 5 are factors Fractions, Dividing
Fractions, NO common
of 75 and 100, and 25 is No common denominator
Adding/Subtracting denominator needed.
larger. needed. FLIP second or
Common Multiply across.
denominator bottom fraction then
Between vs. Including 1 2 2 1 MULTIPLY.
(bottom) needed.    =  = 
And other tricking
wordings of between or 4 3 12 6 1 2 1 3 3
1 2 3 8 11
including  +  =  +  =   ÷  =    = 
1 2 3 4 24 1 4 3 4 2 8
(inclusive, counting the first..) 4 3 12 12 12        =  = 
2 3 4 5 120 5  flipped 
OR can be done on
Integers BETWEEN –2 and
calculator (one divided by Look for opportunities Mixed numbers (3 ½ ) must
+ 2 (-1,0 , 1) is not the same
4…), but if answers are in to cancel (cross out): be converted to proper
as
fractions, it’s easier to stay fractions (7/2) before
integers > -2 and < 2 1 2 3 4 1
with fractions. operations. (3=6/2 add to ½)
(-2, -1, 0, 1, 2), which        = 
Page 1
My Advanced SAT Math Seminar, now on DVD, shows how to solve hard SAT math with these notes.
FreeVocabulary.com
Fractions, Squaring, Sum of Terms Percent - Part from Whole, A $20 shirt on sale for 15%
Cubing Same as multiplying.  =
Number of Terms but very large or small off (the full price) costs?
Multiply by self.
percentages
(½ ) 2 1 1 1 70+70+70+80+80+80+80+80 What (part) is .15% of 60 Part = Percent  Whole
= =   =
2 2 4 8 (whole)?  X = 85/100  20 = 17
Note the decimal point
Note that ¼ is LESS than ½, 3  70 + 5  80 (part) is 3/20 of 60 (whole)?
while for numbers greater  = 76.25 Part = Fraction  Whole
8 .15% = .15/100 or .0015
than 1 the square is larger.
Difficult weighted average Part = Percent  Whole
(½ ) 3 is questions use variables (a, b) X = .15/100  60
1 1 1 1 for the number of students: OR
   =  X = .0015  60
2 2 2 8 a  70 + b  80 X = .09

a+b
Average: Arithmetic Mean What is 300% of 60?
Sum of Terms May (sometimes) / Must
 (always) be true 300% = 300/100 or 3
Number of Terms Part = Percent  Whole
X is a positive integer. X = 300/100  60
Average 5, 5, 10, 20: OR
5+5+10+20 X2 > X MAY be true if X = 3  60 = 180
 = 10 X=2. But MUST be true is
4 FALSE, since X could equal Percent – Missing Percent
1. 16 is what percent of 80?
Mode: Most frequently (part = 16, whole = 80)
occurring number. One false example (a counter
example) proves a MUST (be Part = Percent  Whole
Mode of 5, 5, 10 and 20 is 5. true) FALSE. 16 = X/100  80
X = 20
Median: Number in middle One true example proves OR solve for decimal
when numbers ordered a MAY (be true) TRUE. 16 = D  80
from smallest to largest.
D = .2, and convert to percent
Median of Inequalities (X > 6) by moving decimal point.
10, 11, 17, 19 and 20 is 17. Like equalities (X = 6) . 2 = 20%
anything done to one side
Median of an EVEN number of the equation, do to the Percent – Missing Whole
of terms. Since there is no other side, (working backwards)
single middle number, the EXCEPT when multiplying 16 is what 20% of what?
median is half way between or DIVIDING by a (part = 16, percent = 20%)
the two middle numbers or NEGATIVE,
the average of the two middle switch inequality sign. Part = Percent  Whole
numbers. (8 > 6) 16 = 20/100  X
Multiply both sides by –1 X = 80
Median of 10, 13, 19 and 20? is NOT: (-8 > - 6), but is
The two middle numbers are (-8 < -6).
Percent - Increase
13 and 19. Halfway between What is 10% more than 90?
or the average is 16. Percent - Part from Whole
Many alternate wordings like:
What (part) is 15% of 60
After a 10% increase from 90?
Weighted Average (whole)?
A class of 3 students has an 15% = 15/100 or .15
y% = y/100 or move Part = Percent  Whole
average grade of 70. The
decimal point two spaces to X = 110/100  90 = 99
other class of 5 students has
an average of 80. What is the convert:
ADD the original 100% AND
average for the school? the additional 10%.
(It’s NOT 75.) Part = Percent  Whole
Note the “part” is more than
X = 15/100  60
OR the whole if increased.
Assume ALL 3 students in
first class got exactly 70. X = .15  60
Percent - Decrease
Assume ALL 5 five in X=9
What is 15% less than 20?
second class got exactly 80. Many alternate wordings like:
Compute usual average: Percents are the same as
fraction questions: What
But the original 100% week-old cakes. A week-old Then reduce the $15 by percent changes.
MINUS the decrease is the cake costs? 50%. The $15 is now the
percent (85% = 100% - 15%) (It’s NOT $10) new whole (sometimes call Ratios - Part to Part, no
new “base”). whole
Multiple (usually 2) Solve as TWO separate The ratio of apples to oranges
percent changes problems. From the first This second part is just a is 3 to 2. There are 15 apples.
sentence (underlined), solve simple (50%) percent How many oranges?
A store buys cakes for the fresh-cake retail decrease problem.
wholesale for $10, and adds price. This is a simple Keep apples on top
50% to get the fresh-cake percent increase problem. Part = Percent  Whole  
retail price. If the cake does 3 15 X
X = 50/100  $15 = $7.5  =  NOT 
not sell in a week, the store Part = Percent  Whole 2 X 15
reduces the fresh-cake retail X = 150/100  $10 = $15 Change the whole or base  
price by 50% and sells as when doing multiple keep oranges on bottom
Page 2
FreeVocabulary.com
Cross-multiply to solve for X multiple of 3 that will keep apples on top Common Inverse
if answer not obvious. X = divide evenly to avoid   Proportions:
10 fractions. 3 18
 = 
2 X , Solve for X = 12 If x doubles, y must half to
You can put all apples on top keep k constant.
 
or all apples on bottom, but If x triples, y must be 1/3 to
keep oranges on bottom
don’t mix in one equation. keep k constant.
With 18 apples there are If x goes up z times, y must be
Ratios – Inches to Miles 1/z to keep k constant.
12 oranges.
On a map 2/3 of an inch
represents 10 miles. 5 inches Most inverse proportions can
Now oranges on top
on map is?   be done without calculating k,
3 12 using the above common
keep inches on top  =  inverse proportions.
  4 Y Solve for Y = 16
2/3 5  
 =  , X = 75 keep pears on bottom. Rates (MPH), Distance
10 X
  Rate  Time = Distance
With 18 apples, there are
keep miles on bottom. 20 MPH  2 Hours = 40 miles
16 pears or 18/16 or 9/8.
Can also be solved by Average MPH, Rate
Direct Proportion
finding 1 inch = 15 miles and
multiplying by 5 (inches). Fast, 40 MPH in morning
Speed (X) Miles in 30 min (Y)
30 15 driving to school. Slow, 20
Ratios - Part to Part, and 60 30 MPH in afternoon traffic.
Total 90 45 What is average MPH?
The ratio of apples to oranges
is 3 to 2. There is a total of 50 Do NOT average 20 and 40
In general for 30.
apples and oranges. How
y = kx , k is a
many oranges? Assume the school is 40 miles
constant k = ½ in this
example Y = ½ X away. 80 miles round trip.
keep apples on top One hour in morning. Two
Miles in 30 min = ½ Speed
    hours in afternoon.
3 15 21 30
 =  =  =  Can also be solved as ratio 80 miles/3 hours=26 2/3 MPH
2 10 14 20 problem without finding k.
    At 40 MPH, what is distance FOIL multiplication
keep oranges on bottom in 30 minutes? First, outer, inner, last
Find a ratio that adds up to 50. Keep speed on top (a + b) (c + d) =
  first outer inner last
On multiple choice problems 30 40
 =  , X = 20 ac + ad + bc + bd
work backward from
15 X
answers. Only one answer
  FOIL (a+b) (a+b)
works.
keep distance on bottom first outer inner last a2
+ ab + ba + b2 =
Can also be done with
Inverse Proportion
algebra: Let 3x be number of
a2 +2ab + b2
apples.
Speed (X) Minutes to Travel
Then 2x is number of
60 Miles (Y) k FOIL (a-b) (a-b)
oranges. 3x + 2x = 50, where
30  120 = 3600 first outer inner last a2
x is the multiple of the
60  60 = 3600 - ab - ba + b2 =
original ratio.
90  40 = 3600
a2 -2ab + b2
Multiple Ratios
The ratio of apples to oranges In general
xy = k, k is a constant FOIL (a+b) (a-b)
is 3 to 2. The ratio of oranges
as x increases, y first outer inner last a2
to pears is 3 to 4. What is the
decreases keeping k – ab + ba – b2 =
ratio of apples to pears?
It’s NOT 3 to 4. constant.
Rearranging: a2 – b2
y = k/x and x = k/y Difference of Two Squares
Do one ratio at a time:
k = 3600 in this example
Assume 18 apples. Any
number works, but pick a
Multiplying by Zero (x + 2) (x + 1) = 0
0 times anything is 0. Guess first terms that x = -2 or x = -1
If a  b = 0 then a and/or b multiply to x2: On one side of a line the
(one or both) is zero. This (x + ) (x + ) = 0 On multiple choice angles (x+y) add up to 180
is used in factoring Guess last terms that questions: you can work (half a 360 circle).
If (x-3)(x-5) = 0, multiply to 2: backwards from the answers
(x-3) and/or (x-5) = (x + 2) (x + 1) = 0 without using FOIL: Given one angle is 100:
0, x = 3 or x = 5 Test to see if outer + a) 3 b) 2 c)1 d) 0 e) -1
inner multiplications add by trying each in the
y must equal 80 to add up to
Factoring to 3x: 1x + 2x = 3x. original x2 + 3x + 2 = 0
It does, but if not try 180 along a line. X must
Polynomials FOIL
guessing other first or last Opposite Angles equal 100 because it’s
backwards
terms. are equal. x = x and y = y opposite of 100 AND also
 zero
because x + y on one side of a
here x2 + 3x + 2 = 0
line must equal 180.
Page 3
FreeVocabulary.com
x
y y = 180-x
x
100
yy
x
Parallel Lines: Similar Triangles A student has 15 dirty shirts
30 - 60 - 90 triangles
Have same angles, but one and 5 clean shirts in his dorm
is larger or smaller than room. Randomly picking a
twice shortest side shirt in the dark, what is the
y x other. All sides are ↓ probability of picking a clean
60
x y = 180-x proportional. 2s shirt? (It’s not 5/15, the ratio
Use ratio to solve. s ←shortest of clean to dirty shirts)
y x This 3-4-5 Triangle is half the 30
side
x y size of the larger 6-8-10 First find the total number of
s3 outcomes, which is 20 (15
similar triangle.
dirty + 5 clean).
Visualize placing parallel lines Congruent
on top of each other. All Xs 5 Same shape (angles) OK Outcomes 5 1
and Ys are equal. 3 AND same size (lengths).  =  = 
Given any one angle, all Total Outcomes 20 4
others can be found. 4 Contrast with similar shapes Coordinates
with have the same shape Both x and y
Isosceles Triangles (angles) but not same size
10 6 y are positive
(lengths). One similar triangle Positive ↓
can be larger than other. ―, + +,+
s s
8 (x,y) (x,y)
x x
Polygons: Interior Angles
(number of sides – 2)  180 x
Similar triangles have
Two equal angles (x)  the same three angles. ←Negative Positive →
Triangles (3 sides) = 180 ―, ― +, ―
Two equal sides (s) Rectangles (4  90) = 360
opposite the equal angles A similar triangle inside a (x,y) (x,y)
Same for square or
larger similar triangle: ↑ Negative
Equilateral Triangles ANY 4 sided figure. Both x and
Are always 60- 60- 60 Pentagon (5 sides) = 540 y are negative
180 for each additional side
s s Flagpole N–gon (n sides) = (n-2)  Lines y = mx + b
Height? 180 Two Perpendicular Lines:
 6 feet y
s Absolute Value y = 2x + 1
10 40
Make positive if negative
Three equal sides (s) 
6/10 = Flagpole Height/50
Three equal angles. x = x if positive, -x if x is 1
Solve for Flagpole Height= 30
All 60 because every originally negative x
triangle is 180, and 180/3 -2
Pythagorean Theorem 90
= 60. For right (90) triangles only. 5 = 5 and -5 = 5
y = –1/2x - 2
Area of a triangle Absolute value is used for
3-4-5 triangle shown above:
½ base  height: (leg)2 + (leg)2 = (Hypotenuse)2 “within” problems: y = 2x + 1 , in general
which is half the area of a (3)2 + (4)2 = (5)2 y = mx + b
rectangle (base  height) 9 + 16 = 25 Adam (a = Adam’s age) does ↑ ↑
or (length  width) not date women (w = date’s slope y-intercept
6-8-10 triangle shown above: age) more than two years
(leg)2 + (leg)2 = (Hypotenuse)2 older or younger than himself. When x = 0 (on the y axis), y
height (6)2 + (8)2 = (10)2 = b (the y-intercept)
36 + 64 = 100 a-w ≤ 2
which is the same as A point on a line (x and y),
base w-a ≤ 2 and either slope (m) or the y-
45 - 45 - 90 triangles Plug in numbers for ages intercept (b) can be used to
Side of triangle is NOT the (an Isosceles Triangle) to test: find the other (m or b) using
height unless it’s a right Two equal angles  17-15 ≤ 2 same as y=mx + b.
(90) triangle: Two equal legs (sides) 15-17 ≤ 2
Perpendicular lines cross at
90 (right) angles and the
90 s Probability = slope of one (2 in this case or
height s45 m in general) is the negative
and side Number of OK Outcomes reciprocal (one over) of the
45 
of triangle s 2 Total Number of Outcomes other’s slope (-1/2 in this
base case or –1/m in general).
Page 4
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Slope: Rise/Run the line previously used. Distance between 2 Points Can also be solved, as a
increase in y/increase in x (Pythagorean Theorem) backup method or check, by
Adding 2 AFTER/OUTSIDE letting a=2 and solving.
y↓slope THE FUCTION 2x moves the Given any two points ((1,2)
y = 2x + 1 line up 2 to the new y- and (3,1) choose a third point Exponents – Division
↑ intercept of 2. Subtracting 2 to make a right triangle by
Rise ↑ moves the line down 2 to the taking the x from one point same base, subtract exponents
1→ Run new y-intercept of -2: and the y from the other a4 ÷ a2 =
x point. Either (1,1) or (3,2)
y makes a right triangle, but aa aa
 =
y = 2x + 2 (1,1) is shown below. aa
+2y = 2x cancel all except two top a’s
y = 2x - 2 y a2 =
If the line is clearly graphed,
(1,2) a4-2
often it’s possible to easily
x
count the rise and run
between any two points for Exponents – Raising Powers
slope. -2
(1,1) (3,1) Multiply exponents
x
Given any two points (1,3) (a3 )2 =
and (0,1) slope is rise/run or: (a  a  a)  ( a  a  a )
Again take the function y = a6 =
The first y – the second y 2x but add or subtract before the legs of the triangle are a 3● 2
 = performing the function: the change in x and the
The first x – the second x
change in a3  a2 ≠ (a3 )2
3–1 Original: y = 2x y. Graphing the triangle may a5 ≠ a6
 = 2 New: y = be skipped.
1–0 2(x+2) (leg)2 + (leg)2 = (Hypotenuse)2 Negative Exponents
Either point could be the (1)2 + (2)2 = (h)2
One might guess (incorrectly) 5 = (h)2
“first” point or the that adding 2 moves the line _ 1 1
“second,” but the result is up 2 or maybe to the right 2. √5 = h –1  a–2 = 
a = 2
the same.
a a
Slopes, Negative, Positive But the curve shifts left by Midpoint of a line segment.
The midpoint of (1,1) to (3,7) In general a–b = 1/ ab
y two. X = –2 in the new
is half way between the Xs (put under 1 and drop the
function gives the same result
(halfway between or average negative)
Slope + 1 as x = 0 in the original. X = 0
in the new function gives the of 1 and 3 is 2) and halfway negative exponents follow
same result as x = 2 in the between the Ys (halfway the rules for division
x original. between or average of 1 and
7 is 4). The midpoint is (2,4). a2 ÷ a4 =
Slope – 1 y
Counting Consecutive aa
y = 2(x+2) y = 2x Integers  =
aaaa
Slopes, flatter ← (or consecutive tickets….) cancel all except two bottom
y -2 a’s
x Tickets number 9 through 15 1 1
 = 2 =
← were sold today. How many?
Slope + 1/2 aa a
It’s NOT 15-9 or 6.
← a2–4 =
x For small numbers one can
Subtracting (not adding) inside count 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15
a–2
Slope – 1/2 the function shifts to the right. for 7 tickets sold.
Subtract (15-9) AND add 1 to
Exponents (ab)2
The SAT often tests for these count the first ticket sold for 7.
counterintuitive shifts. (ab)2 = (ab)  (ab) = a2b2
Shifting graphs Exponents – Multiplication
With any function adding One can also do these point- In general, the exponent can
(subtracting) OUTSIDE the by-point by picking a value same base, add exponents be distributed:
function moves the graph for x, finding y, and plotting a3  a2 =
up (down). to see which way the curve (a  a  a)  ( a  a ) = (ab)k = akbk
shifts. Some can be done on a a5 =
Take the simplest function: calculator if the formula is a 3+2
y = 2x, given.
Page 5
FreeVocabulary.com
Exponents – Square root of then she could wear the same Circles Volume =
both sides dress three times (AAA, BBB Length  width  height
or CCC) wear a dress twice ∏ (pi) = 3.14 approximately
a2 = b4 (AAB, BBA….). Because of
rewriting as: repeated selections, there are 3 Diameter = 2 Radius
(a  a ) = (b  b  b  b) possibilities for the first dress, It does not matter which side
it’s obvious that a = (b  b) AND 3 possibilities for the diam is called height or width as
OR take the square root of second dress and 3 long as you multiply all
both sides (half the exponent) possibilities for the third three.
a = b2 dress. Multiply 3  3  3 = 27. Circumference = ∏ D = ∏ 2R
length around For a cube all three sides are
This works for cube roots or Hard SAT questions may add entire circle the same. Volume = (side)3
any other roots. oddball conditions such as
Jane can’t wear dress A on Remember it’s 3.14 times the Cylinders:
Fractional Exponents – the first night. Do as above diameter not the radius. If you
Are square/cube… roots but with only two possibilities take 3.14 times the radius,
a1/2 = square root of a for the first night. drawn above outside the circle height
a1/3 = cube root of a Multiply 2  3  3 = 18. for easier comparison, you can
a1/n = n’th root of a see that you will only get Volume of Cylinder
Combinations: Choosing halfway around the circle
Fractional exponents are unordered groups =
useful for reducing: Area = ∏ R2 (Area of top circle)  height
Again, Jane has 3 dresses, Remember it’s the radius
a3 = b9 but wants to take 2 of the 3 squared, not the diameter The top circle and bottom
on a trip. How many squared. If you square the circle are the same size.
(a3 )1/3 = (b9) 1/3 possibilities are there? diameter, drawn above
outside the circle for easier Solving 2 equations:
Using the power raised rule to For easy problems with a comparison, you get a square
multiply exponents gives: small number of outcomes, box larger then the circle. a + 2b = 3
a = b3 possibilities can be written: 2a + 6b = 10
Arcs and Sectors of Circles
Permutations: orderings AB, AC, BA, BC, CA, CB are just fractions of circles. Multiply both sides of
A first equation by 2 and
Jane has 3 dresses. (make the But before you answer six, 60 subtract from the second
dresses A, B, and C). Wearing note that AB and BA are the B equation.
a different dress on three same combination. Likewise
different nights, how many (AC and CA) and (BC and Sectors (wedges, slices) are 2a + 6b = 10
possibilities? CB). Cross out the duplicates. fractions of the entire 2a + 4b = 6
circle’s area. ----------------
For easy problems with a OR there are 3 options for the Arcs are fractions of the total 2b = 4
small number of outcomes, first dress and, 2 options for circle’s circumference. b=2
the possibilities can be the second dress (the two Replace b in any equation to
written: remaining dresses). But instead of saying 1/6 of solve for a. Check with a and
Multiply 3  2 = 6. But there a circle, questions will say b in the other equation.
ABC, ACB, are two ordering of each 60. A total circle is 360 .
BAC, BCA, combination. Divide by 2. 60/360  = 1/6. Or in first equation, isolate a:
CAB, CBA (2!)
a = 3 - 2b
In general divide by the To find the length of an arc, and substitute (3-2b) for a into
OR there are 3 options for the number of permutations find the circumference of the the second equation:
first night (A,B, or C), 2 (orderings) of the chosen total circle and multiply by 2(3-2b) + 6b = 10
options for the second night (smaller) group, which is the fraction (1/6 or 60/360 in 6-4b + 6b = 10
(the two remaining dresses) its factorial. this example). 2b = 4
and 1 option for the last night b=2
(the one remaining dress). Sets, Double counting To find the area of a sector,
Multiply 3  2  1 = 6. 5 students play chess. find the area of the total circle Bisector splits into equal parts
(This is three factorial or 3!) 4 students play football. and multiply by the fraction. each half the original’s size.
2 students play both chess and
Oddball selections football. How many students? Simplifying Square Roots
PDF file of these Math Notes
is on my site for free:
www.FreeVocabulary.com
in addition to 5,000 free SAT
A different question may have It’s not 5+4 = 9, because this vocabulary words.
_
unlimited (re)selection of double counts the students √50 = √25  2 = 5√2
choices. If Jane can rewear who play both. It’s 5+4-2 = 7. _ When printing, try
the dresses multiple times, Add sets, subtract intersection. √a2  b = a√b unchecking the “fit to page”
Page 6
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5000 Collegiate Words With Brief Definitions - Amass An Ivy League Vocabulary!

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5000 Collegiate Words With Brief Definitions - Amass An Ivy League Vocabulary!

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5000 Collegiate Words with Brief Definitions – Amass an Ivy League Vocabulary!

abase v. To lower in position, estimation, or the like; degrade.

aeronaut n. One who navigates the air, a balloonist.

assonant adj. Having resemblance of sound.

bibliophile n. One who loves books.

canto n. One of the divisions of an extended poem.

committal n. The act, fact, or result of committing, or the state of being

contingency n. Possibility of happening.

darkling adv. Blindly.

dissection n. The act or operation of cutting in pieces, specifically of a plant or an animal.

egregious adj. Extreme.

et cetera Latin. And so forth.

fathom n. A measure of length, 6 feet.

frizz v. To give a crinkled, fluffy appearance to.

immoral adj. Habitually engaged in licentious or lewd practices.

inebriate v. To intoxicate. inedible

interrogative adj. Having the nature or form of a question.

lovable adj. Amiable.

messieurs n. pl. Gentlemen.

observance n. A traditional form or customary act.

overreach v. To stretch out too far.

perambulate v. To walk about.

pledgeor n. One who gives a pledge.

stringent adj. Rigid.

telephony n. The art or process of communicating by telephone.

triumvir n. One of three men united coordinately in public office or authority.

venerate v. To cherish reverentially.

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