Lesson Plan in Science

Detailed Lesson Plan in Science
I.Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a. Explain Law of Segregation and Independent Assortment;
b. Analyze Mendel’s experiment on garden peas to illustrate the Mendelian
principles of inheritance;
c. Solve and predict Mendelian phenotypic and genotypic expression of traits
in a monohybrid and dihybrid cross; and
d. Recognize the value of Mendel’s study in today’s understanding of
inheritance and variations of traits.
II.Subject Matter:
Topic: Law of Segregation and Independent Assortment
Value: Accuracy, Awareness, and Preparedness
Materials: Laptop, Projector, PowerPoint
Reference: Books, Website
III.Procedure:
A. Preliminary Activities:
Prayer- Let us all stand for the prayer. Ms.
President can you please lead the prayer. President lead the prayer.
Greetings- Good morning class! Good morning ma’am !

You may now take your seats.
Checking of Attendance: Is everybody`s present?

Very good! Yes ma’am .
B. Review
Before we move to our next lesson, let us have a
review on what we have discussed last meeting.
In our last lesson, we have studied about the .. Yes
mae?
In our last lesson, we have discussed
Very good, mae. How about the two stages or types about Cell Division ma’am.
of Cell Division?
The two types of Cell Division is
Very good!. It seems that you really understand the mitosis and meiosis ma’am .
past lesson.
C. Motivation
Before we move to our new topic, Let us have a
game first. The title of the game is WHAT’S THE
WORD?
Formulate a word based on the picture given. Are

you ready to play?
Yes ma’am .
We look like our parents because the
way we grow and develop is determined
by genes.
Thank you for your cooperation class. You may

now take your seats.
D. Presentation Genes are present on the chromosomes

Have you ever wondered why we look similar to which we receive from our parents in
our parents? Yes Cecil? the egg and sperm. The characteristics
of individual human beings are passed
Sometimes you hear people say that you have your from one generation to the next.
father’s height, your mother’s nose, your
grandfather’s eyes, and your grandmother’s
mouth. Well, traits really are inherited from our
parents. How did this happen?
Yes ma’am . He is Gregor Johann

Very good! Mendel
By discussing our topic today, you will understand
how traits are passed from one generation to the
next.
Gregor Johann Mendel (1822-1884)
E. Discussion
Austrian Monk
So, our topic for today is Law of Segregation and
Father of Genetics
Independent Assortment.
Experimented with Garden Peas
Class, do you know who is the Father of Genetics?
He bred different varieties of pea plants
Very good ! and cross-pollinated flowers that had
different forms of traits.
Gregor Johann Mendel is the… kindly read what’s
on the screen mike?
It all began with Garden Peas, who wants to read?
Yes Aiza
Using pea plants Mendel’s observe this seven traits.
No ma’am .
The traits are
Do you have any idea class why Gregor Mendel

used garden peas?
Class it is because the garden pea is an ideal subject

in the study of genetics because:
 Presence of observable traits with
contrasting forms
 Produces many offspring in one cross
 Short life cycle
 Ease in manipulating pollination (cross
pollination).
What did he do class?

Gregor Mendel conducted his experiments on
gardens peas using these three steps:
 Production of the pure breeding strains of
pea plants;
 The crossing of two different varieties of
pure breeding strains; and
 The crossing of F1 generations.
So, this will be the result of Mendel’s crosses
between pure breeding pea plants.
After the crossing of the two pure parent plant that
resulted a heterozygous of offspring which is called The Law of Segregation states that all
as the First Filial Generations/F1Generation. pairs of genes for all the traits of an
organism segregate or separate from
each other during meiosis or gametes
(sex cells) formation.
Dominant ma’am !.
Recessive ma’am .
Based on the outcomes of Mendel’s experiment, he

proposed the following laws that led to the
formation of what is now known as Mendelian
Principles of Genetics.
Mendelian principles of genetics are: Law of

Segregation and Law of Independent Assortment.
Who wants to read the Law of Segregation class,
anyone? Yes Ms. Claire? A punnett square is a grid for organizing
genetic information.
In the production of the first filial generation of

offspring there are two pure breed parents that The law of independent assortment it
being involved. Each of the parent consists of states that the gene pairs segregate into
different characteristics that can be categorized as gametes randomly and independently
dominant and recessive. (during meiosis).
In the study of genetics, symbols are used to

Yes ma’am .
represent individuals. Capital letters stands for?
And small letters stands for ?
Very good.
Since, we’re talking about the genes, genes are
always in pair definitely the letters are in pair.
In the process of gametogenesis, we have the

capital Y and small letter y if you separate them it
will represents Y. If you combine them it will
produce a heterozygous gamete that contains a
Capital and small letter Yy which represents the
dominant and recessive traits.
When we say phenotype it is the observable

expression of the trait while genotype is the factor
or genes inside the nucleus of the cell.
To express the genotype;
Homozygous – the two alleles for a gene pair are
identical; and
Heterozygous – the two alleles for a particular trait
are different. Gregor Johann Mendel ma’am !
Scientist use a tool to make predictions about Pea plants ma’am .

genetics it is called as Punnett Square.
Mr.Christian kindly read what is in the screen? It is because the garden pea is an ideal
subject in the study of genetics because:
So, the punnett square shows probability, not the  Presence of observable traits
actual results of the traits of an organism. with contrasting forms
 Produces many offspring in one
And lastly, the Law of Independent Assortment. cross
Who wants to read?  Short life cycle
Yes dave?  Ease in manipulating pollination
Law of Segregation and Law of

Independent Assortment.
Do you understand class?
F. Application
To check your understanding, it’s s activity time!

So, all you need to do is to get the genotypic
phenotypic ratio of the following traits.
Activity: Monohybrid Cross Using the Punnett
Square.
Directions: Read the situation and answer the

questions that follow.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Situation: A homozygous red Santan
flower(RR) is crossed with a homozygous pink
Santa flower (rr).
Tasks: 1. Show the given cross using the
Punnett square. 2. Write the genotypes and
phenotypes of the resulting offspring.
G. Generalization
Who is the Father of Genetics?
Mendel study of what plant?
So class, why did Gregor Mendel used pea plan?
What is the two Mendelian Principles of genetics.
H. Evaluation
Directions: Encircle the letter of the best answer.
B1. Mendel formulated his Law of Segregation after he had:
A. studied F1 offspring
B. studied F2 offspring
C. produced mutations
D. produced hybrids
C2. The pair of genes segregated from each other during gamete formation is
known as?
A. Heterozygous genotype
B. Homozygous genotype.
C. Law of segregation
D. Mendelian genetics
A3. Genotype refers to the ______ of an individual.
A. Actual physical appearances
B. Dominant allele
C. Genetic makeup
D. Recessive allele
C4. Gregor Mendel was:
A. An English physicist who carried out research with Mendeleev.
B. An Australian monk who is interested in investigating elements.
C. Interested in investigating how individual traits were inherited
D. The father of modern physics.
A5. Phenotype refers to the ______ of an individual.
A. Actual physical appearance
B. Dominant allele
C. Genetic make-up
D. Recessive
B7. The phenotype of a pea plant can best be determined by:
A. analyzing its genes
B. looking at it
C. crossing it with a recessive plant
D. eating it
B8. Mendel formulated his Law of Segregation after he had:
A. studied F1 offspring
B. studied F2 offspring
C. produced mutations
D. produced hybrids
B9. The outward appearance (gene expression) of a trait in an organism is referred
to as:
A. genotype
B. phenotype
C. an allele
D. independent assortment
C10. In the cross Yy x Yy, what percent of offspring would have the same
phenotype as the parents?
A. 25%
B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 100%
H. Assignment
Advance reading and research about Dominance Relationship.
Prepared By:
Diana Z. Balmaceda Bsed 4 Science

Lesson Plan in Science

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Detailed Lesson Plan in Science

Greetings- Good morning class! Good morning ma’am !

Checking of Attendance: Is everybody`s present?

Formulate a word based on the picture given. Are

Thank you for your cooperation class. You may

D. Presentation Genes are present on the chromosomes

Yes ma’am . He is Gregor Johann

Using pea plants Mendel’s observe this seven traits.

The traits are

Do you have any idea class why Gregor Mendel

Class it is because the garden pea is an ideal subject

What did he do class?

Based on the outcomes of Mendel’s experiment, he

Mendelian principles of genetics are: Law of

In the production of the first filial generation of

In the study of genetics, symbols are used to

In the process of gametogenesis, we have the

When we say phenotype it is the observable

Scientist use a tool to make predictions about Pea plants ma’am .

Law of Segregation and Law of

Do you understand class?

To check your understanding, it’s s activity time!

Directions: Read the situation and answer the

Mendel study of what plant?

So class, why did Gregor Mendel used pea plan?

What is the two Mendelian Principles of genetics.

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