The Story of Theseus

and the Minotaur

King Minos was the king of Crete. He was angry and enjoyed
attacking the city of Athens when they weren’t expecting it.
King Aegus was the king of Athens. He wanted to stop the
attacks so he struck a deal with Minos. In return for peace,
Aegeus would send over seven girls and seven boys to be
offered to King Minos’s terrifying beast – the Minotaur.

Theseus was fed up. Minos has been telling Athens what to do for nine years.
Tomorrow, 14 more children would be shipped off to meet the Minotaur. He
went over the plan in his head and knocked on the door of his father’s study.

Before Aegeus could even stand up to meet his son, Theseus had started talking.
“This deal with Minos has gone on for too long. Families are terrified that their
children will be picked next. We should be protecting our people – not feeding them
to the Minotaur! Tomorrow, when the boat comes, I am going to take the place of
one of the boys. Then, I will defeat the Minotaur and we can live in peace.”

Aegeus was shocked. He knew that his son was strong and
brave but the Minotaur was huge and fierce. In fact, it was so
fierce that it had to be locked inside a complex maze. Aegeus
begged Theseus to find another way but he had already
made up his mind. Eventually, Aegeus had to agree.

“I will not be happy until I know that you are safe,” he

told Theseus. “The moment that I can see your ship, I want
to know that you have won. If you have defeated the beast,
replace your ship’s black sails with white ones. Then, I will
know that you are coming home safely.” Theseus nodded and promised his
father that his sails would be white.

Later that day, Theseus climbed into the ship alongside 13 shivering children.
When the boat arrived in Crete, they were met by Minos and his daughter,
Ariadne. As Minos led the children to the palace, Ariadne pulled Theseus to one
side. She explained that she wanted to escape from her father and his unfair
laws. As a result, she told Theseus that she would help him if he promised to
take her away from Crete.

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 Theseus and the Minotaur

Agreeing to help, Theseus and Ariadne went to see Daedalus. He had invented the
labyrinth that the Minotaur was being kept in. Wanting to be a hero, Daedalus
agreed to help. Later that night, the three met at the entrance to the labyrinth.

Holding out a ball of string, Daedalus explained his plan. “This labyrinth has
been designed to be so complicated that I can’t even escape it. However, if you
unravel this string behind you, you will be able to use it to find the entrance
again. Ariadne and I will stay here to make sure that nobody else comes in.
Good luck.”

With that, the doors to the labyrinth closed and Theseus set off to find the
Minotaur. Leaving the string behind him, he searched through the narrow
passages until, at last, he was face to face with the beast. The Minotaur was
stronger but Theseus was quicker and smarter. After a long battle, Theseus
emerged victorious. The Minotaur had been defeated.

Theseus immediately made his way to the ship with Ariadne.

He had done it! No more children would ever have to meet
the Minotaur. Feeling tired but happy, Theseus hoisted the
black sails of his ship and headed for home, forgetting all
about the promise that he had made to his father.

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 Theseus and the Minotaur

Questions
1. Each year, how many girls were offered to the Minotaur? Tick one.
three
seven
five
one
2. Number the events from 1-4 to show the order that they occurred.

3 Theseus and Ariadne asked Daedalus for help.

4 Theseus defeated the Minotaur.

2 Theseus and the children set sail for Crete.

Aegeus begged Theseus not to go.
1
3. Look at the paragraph beginning Before Aegeus could even...
Find and copy one word which means the same as beat.
Attack
Attack
Attack
4. Who gave Theseus the ball of string? Daedalus


5. Fill in the missing words.

black

On the way back from Crete, Theseus forgot to change his

black -coloured sails to
-coloured sails.
white

6. Imagine that you are Theseus about to fight the Minotaur.

Describe how you feel.
 b
m



I would feel brave and smart . Well at least I think I would be.

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 Theseus and the Minotaur

Maybe his dad wouldn't be happy but he would be furious.

7. What do you think happened when Theseus arrived home? Explain your answer.

Maybe his dad wouldn't be happy, he would be furious



8. Describe King Minos’s character using the text to help you.

Selfish, grumpy and powerful




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 The Story of Theseus
and the Minotaur
King Minos of Crete, who believed that Athens was responsible
for the loss of his son, would periodically attack the city.
Wanting to prevent the attacks, the King of Athens, Aegeus,
struck a deal with King Minos. Each year, he would send over
seven Athenian boys and seven Athenian girls as an offering
to King Minos’s bloodthirsty beast – the Minotaur. In return,
Minos would leave Athens alone.

Hands shaking, Theseus walked towards the door and went over the speech in
his head. The days of Minos telling Athens what to do had gone on for long
enough; it was time to take a stand. Hesitantly, he knocked. Aegeus called him
inside and looked up proudly at the tall, muscular warrior his son had become.

Before Aegeus could greet him, Theseus began his speech. “This pact with Minos
has gone on for long enough. Families are terrified that their children will be
picked next. It’s no way to live! We should be protecting our people – not
offering them to a beast! Tomorrow, when the boat comes, I am
going to take the place of one of the boys. Then, I will slay the
Minotaur and put an end to this nightmare.”

Aegeus was shocked. He knew that his son was strong but
the Minotaur was so fierce that it had to be guarded deep
within a complex maze. Aegeus pleaded with Theseus to
find another way but he had already made up his mind.
Eventually, Aegeus had to admit defeat.

“I will not rest until I know that you are safe,” he told Theseus. “The moment
that your ship crosses the horizon, I want to know that you have won. If you
are successful, replace your ship’s black sails with white ones. Then, I will know
that you are coming home safely. I shall watch the sea from now until the
moment I see those sails heading home.” Theseus nodded and promised that his
sails would be white.

Later that day, Theseus climbed into the ship alongside 13 panic-stricken
children. The journey to Crete was smooth and, before long, they had arrived.
When the boat pulled up to the shore, they were greeted by Minos and his

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 Theseus and the Minotaur

daughter, Ariadne. As Minos led the children to the palace to be prepared for
the Minotaur, Ariadne pulled Theseus to one side. Desperate to escape from her
father’s anger, she told Theseus that she would help him if he promised to take
her away from Crete.

Agreeing to help, Theseus and Ariadne approached Daedalus - the inventor of

the labyrinth that the Minotaur was being kept in. Seeking a chance to be a
hero, Daedalus agreed to help. Later that night, the three met at the entrance
to the labyrinth.

Revealing a ball of string, Daedalus explained his plan. “This labyrinth has been
designed to be so complicated that I can’t even escape it. However, if you trail
this string behind you, you will be able to use it to retrace your steps. Ariadne
and I will stay here to secure it and ensure that nobody else enters. Good luck.”

With that, the doors to the labyrinth closed and Theseus set
off to find the Minotaur. Trailing the string behind him, he
searched through the narrow, dim passages until, at last, he
was face to face with the beast. The Minotaur was stronger
but Theseus was quicker and smarter. After a mighty battle,
Theseus emerged victorious: the Minotaur had been defeated.

Theseus immediately made his way to the shore with Ariadne. He

had done it! No more children would ever have to meet the Minotaur. At last,
Athens had been freed from Minos’s deal. Feeling tired but content, Theseus
hoisted the black sails of his ship and headed for home, forgetting all about the
promise that he had made to his father.

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 Theseus and the Minotaur

Questions
1. Which word best describes Theseus’s journey to Crete? Tick one.
rough
gentle
unsettled
rocky
2. Number the events from 1-4 to show the order that they occurred.

1 Minos began attacking the city of Athens.

4 Theseus promised to take Ariadne away from Crete.

3 Theseus set sail for Athens.

Aegeus struck a deal with Minos.
2
3. Look at the paragraph beginning Aegeus was shocked.
Find and copy one word or phrase which shows that Aegeus had given up.

Eventually, Ageus had to admit defeat.

4. Why did Ariadne help Theseus?


Ariadne helped Theseus because theseus promised he would take ariadne to another
place
 far away from Crete.

Ariadne helped Theseus because Theseus promised he would take Ariadne to another
place far away from Crete.
5. Name one way in which Theseus was better than the Minotaur.

Theseus was faster and smarter

6. Summarise Theseus’s plan using 20 words or fewer.

Theseus would use a string and put string in the path to not forget the way or to not get

lost.

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 Theseus and the Minotaur

7. Compare the characters of Theseus and Aegeus.

How are the two different?
 theseus is more braver and smarter while aegeus is different by making unfair choices
like giving 7 children to be feasted by a minotaur.



8. …forgetting all about the promise that he had made to his father.
Why do you think that the author has chosen to end the story like this? Explain your answer.

 Theseus promised he would come back with a white sail-ship but he forgot and he
didn't bring it.


9. Do you think that Theseus was right to go and slay the Minotaur? Explain your answer fully.

Yes, he was determined to do it for the children and the Athens. After all, he did think it
was unfair for the children.


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 The Story of Theseus
and the Minotaur
After the loss of his son, King Minos of Crete waged war
against Athens. Periodically, he would use his large army
to storm the city and wreak havoc. Wanting to prevent the
attacks, King Aegeus of Athens eventually struck a deal with
King Minos. Each year, he would send over seven Athenian
boys and seven Athenian girls as an offering to King Minos’s
bloodthirsty beast – the Minotaur. In return, Minos would cease
the attacks.

Theseus was ready: he had rehearsed the lines in his head a thousand times. He
could almost feel the fate of Athens and the fate of defenceless children in his
hands. The tyranny of Minos had gone on for long enough; it was time to take a
stand. Gingerly, he knocked on the door of his father’s study. Aegeus called him
inside and looked up at the tall, muscular warrior his son had become. To say
that he was proud of Theseus would have been an understatement.

Before Aegeus could greet him, Theseus began his speech. “This pact with Minos
has gone on for long enough. Families are terrified that their children will
be picked next. It’s no way to live! We should be protecting our people – not
sending them off like lambs to the slaughter! Tomorrow, when the boat comes,
I will take the place of one of the boys. Then, I will slay the Minotaur and put
an end to this living nightmare.”

Aegeus was aghast. He knew that his son was a fierce protector but to fight the
Minotaur – a beast so fierce that it had to be guarded deep within a complex
labyrinth – this was something else. Aegeus pleaded with Theseus to find another
way; he couldn’t bear to think of his son willingly throwing
himself at such danger. Eventually, when his arguments had
run dry, Aegeus relented.

“I will await the news of your success with bated breath,”

he told Theseus. “The moment that your ship materialises
on the horizon, I want to know that you have won. Should
you have been successful, replace your ship’s black sails
with white ones. I shall watch the sea from now until the
moment I see those sails heading home.” Theseus nodded and
vowed that his sails would be white.

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 Theseus and the Minotaur

Later that day, the two embraced before Theseus climbed into the ship alongside
13 panic-stricken children. The journey to Crete was a smooth one and, before
long, they had arrived. When the boat pulled up to the shore, they were met by
Minos and his daughter, Ariadne. As Minos led the children to the palace to be
cleaned and prepared, Ariadne pulled Theseus to one side. Desperate to escape
from the world that her father had built, she offered to aid him in his quest in
exchange for safe passage to Athens.

After promising her safe passage away from Crete, Theseus and Ariadne
approached Daedalus – the inventor of the complex labyrinth which contained
the Minotaur. Desperate to be a part of the heroic feat, Daedalus agreed to help.
Later that night, the three met at the entrance to the labyrinth.

Revealing a ball of tightly wound string, Daedalus explained his plan. “This
labyrinth has been designed to be so complex that not even I can escape it.
However, should you trail this string behind you, you will be able to retrace
your steps. Ariadne and I will stay here to ensure that it stays secure and that
nobody else enters. Good luck.”

With that, the doors to the labyrinth slammed shut and Theseus set off to
find the Minotaur. String trailing behind him, he searched the many lamp-lit
passages until, at last, he was face to face with the beast. The Minotaur was
stronger but Theseus was quicker and, in the low light of the maze, this proved
to be more beneficial. After a mighty battle, Theseus emerged victorious: the
Minotaur had been defeated.

Wanting to put as much distance between himself and King Minos as possible,
Theseus made his way to shore with Ariadne. He had done it! No more children
would have to cower in fear at the idea of meeting the Minotaur. At last, Athens
had been freed from Minos’s grasp. Tired from the fight and
feeling the contentment of a job well done, Theseus hoisted
the black sails of his ship and headed for home, forgetting
all about the promise that he had made to his father.

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 Theseus and the Minotaur

Questions
1. Who did Theseus promise to take away from Crete? Tick one.

King Minos
King Aegeus
Ariadne
Daedalus

2. Write one letter in each box to complete each sentence correctly.

was worried about what

King Minos… a
their father might say.
cd
b
a

Ariadne… b c wanted to be a hero.

was angry at the loss

Daedalus… c a
of their son.

was desperate to escape

Theseus… d b from their father.

3. Why did Aegeus eventually give in to Theseus?

He had to admit the defeat

4. ...forgetting all about the promise that he had made to his father.
What promise had Theseus made?
To bring back a white sail-ship

5. Look at the paragraph beginning “I will await the news...”

Find and copy one word which means the same as appears.

Materialises

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 Theseus and the Minotaur

6. Argue that Theseus was foolish to defeat the Minotaur. 


YOU WILL NEVER BE ABLE TO DEFEAT THE MINOTAUR! HE WILL EAT YOU UP IN

SECONDS AND YOU WON'T SURVIVE FOR LONG! YOU ARE FOOLISH ENOUGH
TO LOSE YOUR LAST DAY OF YOUR LIFE!


7. Imagine that you are Aegeus watching Theseus’s ship appear over the horizon.
Describe how you feel, using the text to support your answer.
 feel happy and dissapointed at the same time. I feel happy because he came back
I'd

and dissapointed because he didn't bring a white sail-ship.


8. Using 25 words or fewer, write a suitable next sentence for the text.
As soon as Theseus came back aegeus wasn't very happy because after the promise

Theseus made

9. Do you think that Aegeus was right to strike a deal with Minos? Tick one.

yes
no
Fully explain your answer.

Because even though he wanted peace doesn't mean you have to give children to
Minos and let Minos feed the minoutaur children.

10. Think of a word that best describes King Minos and explain why you chose this word.

revengful is what describes him most because he enjoys attacking the Athens after the

loss of his son who he thinks is caused by the king, Aegeus and his soldiers.

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