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    Class Notes

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    Hemanth Gowtham
    The document outlines the political, social, economic, and ideological differences between pre-colonial Indian states and British colonial rule in India. Politically, Indian states were fragmented and engaged in internal warfare, while Britain established a stable nation state and used policies of divide and rule. Socially, India emphasized traditional education and social hierarchies, while Britain promoted Enlightenment ideals. Economically, India had thriving trade but feudal systems, as Britain experienced commercial and industrial revolutions. Ideologically, Britain justified colonial expansion through racism, militarism, and notions of a white man's burden.

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    Class Notes

    Uploaded by

    Hemanth Gowtham
    51 views4 pages
    The document outlines the political, social, economic, and ideological differences between pre-colonial Indian states and British colonial rule in India. Politically, Indian states were fragmented and engaged in internal warfare, while Britain established a stable nation state and used policies of divide and rule. Socially, India emphasized traditional education and social hierarchies, while Britain promoted Enlightenment ideals. Economically, India had thriving trade but feudal systems, as Britain experienced commercial and industrial revolutions. Ideologically, Britain justified colonial expansion through racism, militarism, and notions of a white man's burden.

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    The document outlines the political, social, economic, and ideological differences between pre-colonial Indian states and British colonial rule in India. Politically, Indian states were fragmented and engaged in internal warfare, while Britain established a stable nation state and used policies of divide and rule. Socially, India emphasized traditional education and social hierarchies, while Britain promoted Enlightenment ideals. Economically, India had thriving trade but feudal systems, as Britain experienced commercial and industrial revolutions. Ideologically, Britain justified colonial expansion through racism, militarism, and notions of a white man's burden.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    51 views4 pages

    Class Notes

    Uploaded by

    Hemanth Gowtham
    The document outlines the political, social, economic, and ideological differences between pre-colonial Indian states and British colonial rule in India. Politically, Indian states were fragmented and engaged in internal warfare, while Britain established a stable nation state and used policies of divide and rule. Socially, India emphasized traditional education and social hierarchies, while Britain promoted Enlightenment ideals. Economically, India had thriving trade but feudal systems, as Britain experienced commercial and industrial revolutions. Ideologically, Britain justified colonial expansion through racism, militarism, and notions of a white man's burden.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    Political

    Indian

    1. Mughal decline
    2. Rise of regional states
    3. Absence of military technology strength and discipline
    4. No idea of nationalism
    5. Fragmented polity
    6. Interceine internal warfare
    7. Feudal polity

    British

    1. Stable polity
    2. Nation state and nationalism
    3. Company and state collaboration
    4. Naval and military superiority
    5. Administration and trade geared to the military needs
    6. Driven by conservative values of imperial expansion
    7. Advancement in diplomacy, military strategy and leadership
    8. Policy of divide and rule

    Social

    Indian

    1. Education (traditional)
    2. Varna - Jati order
    3. Patriarchal
    4. Religion and obscrutanism
    5. Slavery
    6. Jejimani system
    7. Mental outlook constrained and limited
    8. Feudal social ethos

    British

    1. Enlightenment
    2. Human dignity and equality
    3. Modern and progressive
    4. Universities and technical schools
    5. Contractual employment
    6. Middle classes and working classes emergence
    7. White racism and superiority complex

    Economic

    Indian

    1. Flourishing trade and craft


    2. Agricultural product export
    3. State minimalistic intervention in trade (free trade)
    4. Sink of precious metals
    5. Cities of production like murshidabad, surat and mausula.
    6. Steep inequalities
    7. Presence of a thriving merchant class
    8. Feudal economic model in agriculture.

    British

    1. Agricultural revolution
    2. Commercial revolution
    3. On verge of industrial revolution
    4. Draining its gold and silver
    5. Mercantilism as economic ideology
    6. Huge demand for oriental products
    7. Financial maturity and financial institutions presence
    8. Technological advances.

    Ideology

    1. Conservative militarism
    2. Orientalism
    3. Utilitarianism
    4. Liberalism and free trade thinking
    5. Evangelicalism
    6. Anglicism
    7. Racism
    8. Economic ideology
    9. White man’s burden (providential)

    Advent of Europeans

    1453 fall of Constantinople to ottoman army

    Blockade of eastern commerce

    Geographical explorations

    1498 Vasco da Gama lands in India

    Portuguese

    1. Estado da India
    2. Blue water policy (oceanic empire)
    3. Forced trade
    4. Cartaze system
    5. Fransisco de almeida
    6. Alfonso de Albuquerque

    Dutch

    1. Focus on spice trade


    2. Triangular trade
    3. 1st factory mausula
    4. Battle of Bedera

    English

    1. 1599 merchant adventures


    2. 1600 monopoly charter
    3. Capitan Hawkins failed attempt to impress Mughal Jahangir
    4. Conflict with Portuguese
    5. 1611 trading post in Mausula (farman from Muhammad Quli Qutub Shah)
    6. 1615 Thomas roe Jahangir Farman (surat)
    7. 1636 Fort St. George at Chennapatna
    8. 1662 Fort St. David at Bombay
    9. 1698 set up of Calcutta
    10. 1717 Magna Carta from Faruksiyyar

    French

    1. Company state monopoly


    2. Three Carnatic wars
    3. Role of Dupliex

    Danes

    1. Serempore and Tranquebar


    2. Evangelical work
    3. No trade or conquest
    4. Role in printing

    Bengal

    1. Siraj ud daula
    2. The betrayal of Plassey 1757
    3. Mir kasim as new Nawab
    4. Battle of Buxar 1764
    5. Dual government in Bengal
    6. Role of Lord Clive
    7. Policy of Ring fence

    Mysore

    1. How a departure from prevailing Indian medieval states


    2. Role of Hyder Ali
    3. Significance of Tipu sultan
    4. The four Anglo Mysore battles
    5. Reforms of Cornwallis
    6. Role of Lord wellesly
    7. Subsidary Alliance

    Maratha

    1. Maratha administration and its flaws


    2. The three Anglo Maratha wars
    3. Warren Hastings and his Reforms

    Punjab

    1. Rise of Punjab under Ranjit singh


    2. The two Anglo sikh wars
    3. Lord Dalhousie reforms and Doctrine of Lapse

    Economic policies

    1. Commercialization of agriculture
    2. De-industrialization
    3. Drain of wealth
    4. Railways
    5. Famines
    6. Ruin of old zamindaris
    7. Emergence of absentee landlordism
    8. Impoverishment of pesantary

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