Assignment 1.4POT22003424

CITS-RPL
PRINCIPLES OF TEACHING
Assignment For Lesson 1.4

(Good Instruction & Defects in Instruction )
Submitted By:
VINEET KUMAR
POT22003424
Assignment for Lesson 1.4
Introduction:
Effective teaching are the factors which help trainees to learn. Effective
teaching can mean different things in different environments. An instructor
must prepare to teach in terms of interest, motivation, and ability.
Characteristics of Good Instruction:
• Need Assessment: Training programme will be planned and organized only

if a particular trade has a demand in the industry or by the people of a
particular area. Based on the need, positive learning atmosphere must be
made.
• Planning: Before teaching, systematic planning must be made based on

available resources, raw materials, necessary time for teaching, objectives,
etc.
• Preparation: Preparation includes both instructor preparation as well as the

learner's preparation. The duration of quality time of teaching depends on
clearly stated objectives. If the objectives are not clear, the teaching time
may exceed more than the allotted time. The learner's participation can be
invited by asking introductory questions, and thought provoking questions.
Questions may be asked to link the learner's previous knowledge to the
present topic.
• Method: Suitable method of imparting training must be selected. For

theory- lecture, lesson plan methods, for practical, demonstration methods
may be adopted.
• Media: Suitable media and other teaching aids utilized for the purpose of
teaching must be selected well in advance. If media is available in ready made
it is good, if it is not available it has to be prepared by the Instructor.
• Motivation: Motivation is creating willingness. An instructor must motivate
the learners by creating interest and willingness towards learning by telling
the purpose of learning with suitable examples.
• Presentation: Presentation is very important characteristic of effective

teaching. Presenting the information in sequence, simple to complex to be
followed. As per the objectives the lesson must be presented. Lesson must be
taught by associating the present information with the subject or lesson
already taught and the learners' previous knowledge. The more the stimulus,
the more will be the response. Stimulate the learners by giving examples,
showing models, and other visual aids. Use visual aids in the appropriate time.
• Questioning: Questioning is not only at the end of the teaching process. It

can be at all the stages. Ask questions time to time. Through questioning and
interaction, an instructor will understand the trainees' response and can get
satisfaction that the learners are following what is being taught.
• Evaluation: After teaching, evaluation must be done in order to measure to

what extent the instructional objectives are achieved. The performance of
the trainees, how well they learnt, the success of the training will be known
by evaluation.
• Feedback: Feedback is essential part of teaching-learning activity. The

purpose of getting feedback is to help the learners to solve the unsolved
problems. Feedback must be received immediately after presenting the
lesson. It will also help the trainer for self evaluation.
Common defects in Instruction: The instructor must avoid the following

common defects.
 - Defects in the personality.

 - Inadequate preparation.
 - Improper method of presentation.
 - Improper evaluation.
 - Inadequate human relationship.
Defects in the personality
- Instructors do unnecessary action while teaching.

- Instructor gets nervous.
- Bad mannerisms.
- Over confidence.
- Lack of interest/ambition.
- Physical defect/lack of mental alertness.
- Lack of manipulation ability.
Inadequate preparation
- The syllabus may not be analyzed properly.

- Not understanding the main objectives of the course.
- Improper planning in preparation and use of training aids.
- Lack of knowledge in the subject.
- Irrelevant written instruction materials.
- Unable to organize the method of learner involvement.
Improper method of presentation
- Wrong presentation method, starting subject without any introduction

motivation etc.
- Wrong method of instruction, the dictation method is the worst for
vocational training.
- Not adopting the proper questioning technique.
- Improper use of teaching/training aids.
- Voice such as shouting, murmuring while presenting the subject.
- Irrelevant assignment.
Improper evaluation
- Improper method of evaluation procedure.
- Unfairness in evaluation.
- Inaccuracy in evaluation.
- Partiality.
Inadequate human relationship
- Failure to gauge the standard of the trainees.

- Failure to measure their level of competency, grasping power etc.
- Failure to develop friendly atmosphere.

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CITS-RPL

Assignment For Lesson 1.4

Characteristics of Good Instruction:

• Need Assessment: Training programme will be planned and organized only

• Planning: Before teaching, systematic planning must be made based on

• Preparation: Preparation includes both instructor preparation as well as the

• Method: Suitable method of imparting training must be selected. For

• Presentation: Presentation is very important characteristic of effective

• Questioning: Questioning is not only at the end of the teaching process. It

• Evaluation: After teaching, evaluation must be done in order to measure to

• Feedback: Feedback is essential part of teaching-learning activity. The

Common defects in Instruction: The instructor must avoid the following

 - Defects in the personality.

- Instructors do unnecessary action while teaching.

- The syllabus may not be analyzed properly.

Improper method of presentation

- Wrong presentation method, starting subject without any introduction

- Failure to gauge the standard of the trainees.

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