SOUTH EAST ASIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, INC.

National Highway, Crossing Rubber, Tupi, South Cotabato

GENERAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

___________________________________________________

LEARNING MODULE
FOR
GE 115: PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION

_____________________________________________________

WEEK 7
June 2020

GE 115: Purposive Communication

SOUTH EAST ASIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, INC.
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 COURSE OUTLINE

COURSE CODE : GE 115

TITLE : Purposive Communication
TARGET POPULATION : All students
INSTRUCTOR : MRS. JOANNA L. MANIGOS, LPT

Overview:

This course introduces the concepts of literacy as a collection of shared cultural practices and
evolving social phenomena. The course will provide a series of field based and interdisciplinary
explorations, which will lead students to characterize a literature person as having wide range of
skills, competencies, abilities and attitude that are transferrable across learning areas. As such
learning opportunities shall focus on examining problematizing and stimulating the age-specific
teaching of new literacies necessary in the 21 st century.

Objectives:

1. Demonstrate mastery in elucidating the nature, elements, and functions of verbal and
non-verbal communication in various and multicultural contexts.
2. Respond through written and oral communication to the challenges of diverse and
multicultural communication.
3. Demonstrate mastery in obtaining, providing, and disseminating information.
4. Communicate ideas effectively using the different forms of communication in the work
field.
5. Demonstrate mastery of the key concepts to effectively and ethically communicate in
the chosen field.

The following are the topics to be discussed

Week 7 COMMUNICATION FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES: INFORMATIVE

PERSUASIVE AND ARGUMENTATIVE COMMUNICATION
Week 8 WRITING AN EXPLANATION ESSAY AND THE BLOG
Week 9 RESEARCH-BASED ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY
Week 10 THE ORAL PRESENTATION AND THE DEBATE
Week 11 PUBLIC SPEAKING AND MAKING INQUIRIES

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Instruction to the Learners
Each chapter in this module contains lessons involving the nature and elements of purposive
communication. The units are characterized by continuity, and are arranged in such a manner that
the present unit is related to the next unit. For this reason, you are advised to read this module.
After each unit, there are exercises to be given. Submission of task given will be every
____________ during your scheduled class hour.

WEEK 7
COMMUNICATION FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES

INFORMATIVE, PERSUASIVE AND ARGUMENTATIVE COMMUNICATION

Communication is made for numerous purposes. The way messages are crafted depends
highly on the intention of the sender.

Informative Communication
This communication involves giving than asking. As an informative communicator, you want
your receiver to pay attention and understand, but not to change their behavior. By sharing
information, ignorance is reduced, or better yet, eliminated. The informative value of a message is
measured by how novel and relevant the information is or the kind of understanding it provides the
receivers.
Osborn (2009) purports that informative communication arises out of the three deep impulses:
a. We seek to expand our awareness of the world around us.
b. We seek to become more competent.
c. We have an abiding curiosity about how things work and how they are made.

Persuasive Communication
It is an art of gaining fair and favorable considerations for our point of view. It:
a. Provides a choice among options.
b. Advocates something through a speaker.
c. Uses supporting material to justify advice.
d. Turns the audience into agents of change.
e. Asks for strong audience commitment.
f. Gives importance to the speaker’s credibility.
g. Appeals to feelings.
h. Has higher ethical obligation.

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Argumentative Communication
It relies heavily on sound proof and reasoning. The nature of proof has been studied since the
Golden Age of Greece and has been improved through time. According to Aristotle, logos, ethos
and pathos are the three primary forms of proof. In our time, whoever, many scholars have
confirmed the presence of a fourth dimension of proof, mythos, which suggests that we respond to
appeals to the traditions and values of our culture and to the legends and folktales that embody
them.
Lucas (2007) claims that to avoid defective argumentation, the following must be avoided:

1. Defective evidence
 Misuse of facts
 Statistical fallacies
 Defective Testimony
 Inappropriate evidence

2. Defective Patterns of reasoning

 Evidential fallacies
a. Slippery slope
b. Confusing facts with opinion
c. Red herring
d. Myth of the mean
 Flawed proofs
 Defective arguments

ACTIVITY #7
(To be submitted May ____, 2021)

Comprehension Check

Direction: Read and understand the module and answer the following. Write your answer in a 1
whole sheet of yellow pad paper. Answers should be composed of at least five (5) sentences (10
points each). Follow the rubric below as your guide.

1. What is the difference between an informative and persuasive communication? Which do

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 you think is more challenging in terms of preparation and delivery?

Rubric:
Level Description
Well written and very organized. Excellent grammar mechanics.
Outstanding Clear and concise statements.
(9-10 points) Excellent effort and presentation with details.
Demonstrate a thorough understanding of the topic.
Writes fairly clear. Good grammar mechanics.
Good
Good presentation and organization.
(7-8 points)
Sufficient effort and detail.
Minimal effort. Good grammar mechanics.
Fair
Fair presentation.
(6 points)
Few supporting details.
Somewhat unclear. Shows little effort. Poor grammar mechanics.
Poor
Confusing and choppy, incomplete sentences.
(4-5 points)
No organization of thoughts.
Lacking effort. Very poor grammar mechanics.
Very Poor Very unclear.
(1-3 points) Does not address topic.
Limited attempt.

End of seventh week

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 SOUTH EAST ASIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, INC.
National Highway, Crossing Rubber, Tupi, South Cotabato

GENERAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

___________________________________________________

LEARNING MODULE
FOR
GE 115: PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION

_____________________________________________________

WEEK 8
June 2021

GE 115: Purposive Communication

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 WEEK 8
WRITING AN EXPLANATION ESSAY

‘Why’ questions are very important. If people in ancient times or the recent past did not ask
‘why’ questions or attempt to answer these questions, we would have very limited knowledge
around many things in our world. Addressing ‘why’ questions means providing explanations for
phenomena. An explanation essay is one such example of a written piece of work that addresses
‘why’ questions.it explains a particular topic to its readers. Since it is meant to inform or educate
the readers, the essay should present convincing and adequate support for the explanations.

A MANSION OF MANY LANGUAGES

By: Danton Remoto (2017)

(1) In 1977, my mentor, the National Artist for Literature and Theater Rolando S. Tinio, said: “It
is too simple-minded to suppose that enthusiasm for Filipino as lingua franca and national
language of the country necessarily involves the elimination of English usage or training for
it in schools. Proficiency in English provides us with all the advantages that champions of
English say it does — access to the vast fund of culture expressed in it, mobility in various
spheres of the international scene, especially those dominated by the English-speaking
Americans, participation in a quality of modern life of which some features may be
assimilated by us with great advantage.
(2) Professor Tinio continues: “Linguistic nationalism does not imply cultural chauvinism.
Nobody wants to go back to the mountains. The essential Filipino is not the center of an
onion one gets at by peeling off layer after layer of vegetable skin. One’s experience with
onions is quite telling: Peel off everything and you end up with a pinch of air.”
(3) Written 40 years ago, these words still echo especially now, when by some quirk of history
and economics, enrollment in English courses are rising because (a) there are many vacant
positions for teachers of English and literature in the private and public schools, and (b)
there are many vacancies, still, for jobs in call centers with entry-level pay of PHP 18,000
plus signing bonus, and a career that will make you earn twice your present salary in just a
few years. With the opening of the doors of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations
(ASEAN) to everyone in the region, more and more Filipinos are being hired to teach
English in Indonesia, Thailand, and, yes, even our best friend, China?
(4) Why? First, Filipino teachers will accept a pay scale lower than that of their Western
counterparts. Second, they are conversant with American popular culture, a happy (or
unhappy) result of decades of American colonialism and neo-colonialism. Third, they are still
Southeast Asians beneath their skin, and are thus familiar with Asian cultural practices,
whether said or unsaid. One of the importance of saving face, the meaning of “maybe” or “I
GE 115: Purposive Communication
will try” to an invitation means he or she does not want to hurt you, be he will not show up.
SOUTH EAST ASIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, INC.
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 Another is the primacy given to family. Already in his 50s, one is still called Totoy or Baby or
Blue Boy, and still lives with one’s parents and extended family. You can see that as well in
the other Southeast Asian countries, where families are nuclear and not split, where food is
communal and not eaten in soiled cubicles.
(5) Three long Decades of teaching English and Journalism to students (together with four
years of teaching Filipino) have shown me that the best students in English are also the
best students in Filipino. And how did they master the two languages?
(6) One, they had very good teachers in both languages. Two, they inhabited the worlds of
both languages. Three, they have gone beyond the false either-or mentality that hobbled
their parents.
(7) Let me explain.
(8) My best students in English and Filipino were tutored by crème de la crème, many of
them teaching in private schools. At the Ateneo de Manila University, we have classes in
Remedial English, since renamed Basic English or English 1. These are six units of non-
credit subjects. The enrollees are mostly intelligent students from the public schools and
the provinces. Lack of books and untrained teachers prevent them from having a level
playing field with the other freshmen. A year of catching up is necessary for them to have
the skills to have a mano-a-mano with the other students.
(9) Moreover, I introduce them to the worlds of the language they are studying — be it in
the formal realm of the textbook or the popular ones of film, graphic novel, or anime. I
encourage them to keep a journal as well, which is not a diary where you write what time
you woke up and why. A journal, or its postmodern cousin, the Web log or blog, aims to
capture impressions or moods on the wing. If at the same time it sharpens the students’
knowledge of English, then that is already hallelujah for the English teacher.
(10) And the third is that today’s generation of students is no longer burdened by the guilt of
learning English — and mastering it. I still remember those writing workshops I took in the
1980s, when I was asked why I wrote bourgeois stories in the colonizer’s language. The
panelists said I should write about workers and peasants — and that I should write in
Filipino. Without batting a false eyelash, I answered that I don’t know anything about
workers and peasants, and to write about something I don’t know would be to misrepresent
them. To the charge that I write only in English, I showed them my poems in Filipino,
because the modern Filipino writer is not only a writer in either English or Filipino, but a
writer in both languages, like colorful balls that he juggles with the dexterity of a seasoned
circus performer.
(11) So it’s not a choice between English and Filipino, but rather, English and Filipino, plus
the language of one’s grandmother, be it Bikolano, Waray, or Tausug. And in college,
another language of one’s choice, be it Bahasa Indonesia, German, or French — the better
to view the world from many windows, since to learn a new language is to see the world
GE 115:from another
Purposive angle of
Communication vision. In short, one no longer has to live between two languages, but
SOUTH
toEAST ASIAN
live in INSTITUTE
a mansion languages. INC.
OF TECHNOLOGY,
of many
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 (12) To end in a full circle, we must return to Rolando S. Tinio, who said: “Only the mastery of
a first language enables one to master a second and a third. For one can think and feel only in
one’s first language, then encode those thoughts and feelings into a second and a third.”
(13) In short, as a friend and fellow professor has put it, “The Philippines is a multi-lingual
paradise.” The earlier we know we live in a paradise of many languages, the better we can
savor its fruits ripened by the sun.

The Blog
The term “blog” was first used in the 1990s. it is a short version of “weblog,” or an
individualized piece of written work found on the web. Blogs, like diary entries, are individual
accounts of a writer’s experiences and emoticons. Thus, the viewpoint is usually personal and
subjective. However, blogs are different from the traditional journal or diary entry in the sense that
blogs are uploaded to online platforms that make it easier for bloggers to include visual features,
as well as links to other sites on the net.
Blogs, compared to diary entries, are more concerned with communicating a message, rathe
than simply expressing or documenting an idea or emotion.

ACTIVITY #8
(To be submitted on June ____, 2021)

Direction: Read and understand the module and answer the following. Write your answer in a 1
whole sheet of yellow pad paper. Answers should be composed of at least five (5) sentences (10
points each). Follow the rubric given at week 7 as your guide.

From the Essay: A Mansion of Many Languages.

1. The author asserts that the Philippines is a “multi-lingual paradise.” He believes that
having many languages is an advantage for the Philippines and to Filipinos. Do you agree
with the author? Discuss your agreement or disagreement.

End of eight week

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 SOUTH EAST ASIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, INC.
National Highway, Crossing Rubber, Tupi, South Cotabato

GENERAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

___________________________________________________

LEARNING MODULE
FOR
GE 115: PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION

_____________________________________________________

WEEK 9
June 2021

GE 115: Purposive Communication

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 WEEK 9

RESEARCH-BASED ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY

From Research to Argument: Producing a Research-Based Argumentative Essay

Research-based
Explanation essay Blog
argumentative essay
What is it? An essay that answers A personal journal or An essay that presents
the question “why” diary entry that is a writer’s position with
posted online support from research
studies
What is the purpose of To inform readers Any of the following: To persuade readers
the writing project? about why something To entertain to accept the writer’s
happens To instruct position
To inform
To persuade
Does it require Research may be Research may be Research must be
research? used but is not used but is not used to support the
required required. writer’s claim or
position

As shown in the table above, research is one element that distinguishes the argumentative
essay from the explanation essay and the blog. The research-based argumentative essay is the
end product of a research process that you must undertake. This process includes the following
pre-writing tasks.

Formulating the Research Question

The essay you are writing is argumentative. This means you are expected to present a clear
stand on an issue that has at least two different sides. Some examples of contentious issues
include legalizing divorce and legalizing same-sex marriage in the Philippines.
Decide on an issue you would like to work on. Then, read about this issue. Check that the
issue has two opposing viewpoints, if this issue interest you, pick this as your topic for the essay.
Then formulate a research questions similar to the examples that follow:

Why should divorce be legalized in the Philippines?

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 Why should same-sex marriage be legalized in the Philippines?
Before you proceed to the next step, make sure that your teacher approves your research
question first.
Finding the Answers to the Research Questions
This requires the preparations of an annotated research bibliography, which is a list of
sources with a brief description of the content of each source. Your sources must be acceptable.
Is the source relevant? Does it provide the latest facts and figures? Is it reliable? Given these
criteria for deciding on the acceptable of sources, the following are usually not considered:
 Any holy book or inspirational writing
 Any work of literature
 The dictionary
 Personal blogs or journal, diary entries
 Wikipedia
After completing this annotated research bibliography, your teacher will help you decide if you
are ready to proceed to the research proper.

Doing Research
You will read each of the sources you identified in Step 2 above and take research notes. If
you do not find the answers you need from the sources you identified, you may have to look for
other sources.
There are three types of notes, namely paraphrases, summaries, and direct quotations.
Paraphrasing is done when you use your own words in taking down notes. If the information
provided in the source is long, it is best to summarize. You may also copy the note verbatim or
exactly as it is presented in the source if you wish to preserve the source. For whatever type of
note you make, it is expected that you cite the source. This means that you must jot down the
complete bibliographical information of your source.

Preparing to Write the Paper

A. The Thesis Statement
The thesis statement is the main point or central argument of your paper. It expresses
your stand on the issue you choose to research on. In order to formulate a good thesis
statement, make sure that it does the following:
 Presents a strong position that is supported by convincing evidence; and
 Suggests a framework for organizing the essay.
B. The Outline
This side is your argument or your position. Then, list all the factual support for your
argument. Do the same for the other side, which is the opposing position. List all the factual
support you have gathered for that position. When all these are complete, you are ready to

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 write an outline of the essay. This outline gives your paper a general shape.
Your outline must be complete. It must contain all the main points of your research-based
argumentative paper. This means that the outline should have the following parts:
 Your thesis statement
 Your argument and specific support for the argument
 The opposing argument and specific support for the argument
 A list of sources for all the support that will be used in the paper

C. The Essay
In writing the paper, observe the citation conventions required in your class. Make sure
that you practice intellectual honesty by acknowledging all your sources. Any fact, figure,
idea, or concept that is not yours must be acknowledged in the paper using the proper
citation format. Otherwise, you will be accused of plagiarism.

ACTIVITY #9
(To be submitted on June ___, 2021)

Direction: Read and understand the module and answer the following. Write your answer in a 1
whole sheet of yellow pad paper. Answers should be composed of at least five (5) sentences (10
points each). Follow the rubric given at week 7 as your guide.

1. What is the role of research in producing the argumentative essay?

End of ninth week

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 SOUTH EAST ASIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, INC.
National Highway, Crossing Rubber, Tupi, South Cotabato

GENERAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

___________________________________________________

LEARNING MODULE
FOR
GE 115: PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION

_____________________________________________________

WEEK 10
July 2021

GE 115: Purposive Communication

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 WEEK 10

THE ORAL PRESENTATION

Preparing a Speech or Oral Report

Being able to speak effectively in front of an audience will always be an advantage. Some
professionals become most sought-after speakers because of their good oral communication
skills.

Things to consider:
1. Audience –know the profile of your listeners. It is important that you know who will listen to
you –their age, gender, educational background, religion, economic status, and interests.
Also, know how much the audience knows about the topic. Know how to read the posture
and gestures of your audience members as these will signal to you what kind of audience
they are.
2. Logistics –it is something basic or essential for every speaker to know who is organizing
the event. Know who will be introducing you and who will be speaking before and after you.
That way, you will be able to tie up the earlier presentation with your own resulting in a
more coherent presentation. You may even give the audience ideas as to what the next talk
is going to be.
a. Venue –the venue is equally important. Locate the lights and if you have movable
visual aids, know where to position them. As a speaker, know how to position
yourself, work on your posture, avoid bad habits, do not block the view of you visual
aids, do not lean on any object that will give support to your weight for these give the
impression that you lack confidence and authority.
b. Facilities –ask beforehand about the pieces of equipment available for you. These
facilities should match the presentation aids that you will use. If there is no available
projector, find a way to have one. Know how to trouble-shoot electrical problems or
technical glitches.
3. Content –if the purpose of the event is to inform, it is expected that you are able to
contribute new information. If the purpose is to entertain, your speech should be
lighthearted, amusing, and lively. If the purpose is to persuade, your presentation should
sound convincing enough.

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 Tips to prepare:
1. Read a lot.
2. Prepare your oral presentation with an introduction, body, and conclusion.
3. Rehearse by practicing aloud and getting the feedback of those who will act as your
audience during the rehearsal stage.
4. Use technology.
Delivering the Report/Speech/Talk
1. Paralinguistic Cues –subsumed under this category are facial expression, posture,
gesture, and movement. For facial expression, the eyes and eye-to-eye contact are very
important. There is a saying: “The eyes are window to the soul.” This means that by
establishing eye contact or through glazing, one can detect the emotional state of a person.
Posture, on the other hand, refers to the speakers’ stance. How speakers carry
themselves during the presentation will show whether or not they possess credibility. How do
you execute a correct posture? Simply stand comfortably with your feet at least six to eight
inches apart, with one foot over the other. Your weight should also rest on the balls of your feet
and your hands should hang naturally at the sides. Ask yourself if you are comfortable enough
with the way you stand.
Another important variable is gesture. Gestures are used to make a point more emphatic.
However, they should be used only for important points raised as they can become distractive
when used often. Gestures abound so as a speaker should know how to create variety.
Finally, there is movement. Movement is made by the entire body. Swaying one’s body
from left to right, side to side, front to back, or pacing from one side of the stage/platform to the
other, can be exhibiting a negative non-verbal cue. A speaker should know how to move on
stage so that his movement will not be distracting to the audience.
Dress or attire is not considered as a paralinguistic sue, but it is classified as non-verbal.
One way to attract the attention of the audience is by dressing up properly. As a speaker, you
should look good and pleasing to the eyes of the listeners.

2. Prosodic features –when you speak, aim at delivering your message clearly through
intelligible and comprehensible pronunciation. You need to articulate the sounds clearly by
paying attention to how you move your lips, tongue, and teeth. As aspect of articulation is
assimilation. It means blending the final sound of a preceding word with the initial sound of
the following word. Consider the examples below.

To each his ow the pros and cons the splendor in the grass
To eachizown the prosend cons thus plendor in the grass

Finally, note that successful communication depends on prosodic features such as

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intonation, tone, stress, and rhythm. Pauses on phrases and sentences are likewise prosodic
feature.

Overcoming Anxiety or Stage Fright

Many speakers become tense when making small and big presentations. This is normal.
Becoming nervous only shows that you care about your presentations. Note that a little amount of
nervous tension is needed if you aspire for an excellent performance.
Eugene White and Claire Henderlinder (1956) stated that: “we do not actually fear the process
of speaking as such but a negative response from the listeners.” This is indeed true. What people
actually fear is not the process of speaking but the negative response, comment, or feedback from
the listeners.
There are ways by which you can overcome stage fright. One way is by preparing thoroughly
for your presentation. It is important that you know about the topic and that you know more than
your listeners. Another way is practice. The more you practice or rehearse, the more confident you
become.
Stage fright then can be minimized. It is not also a negative feeling all the time. Learn how to
convert this social fear into something positive so that you can aspire for top performance.

THE DEBATE
The exchange of arguments follows a certain procedure or a set of rules and has a definite
format.
Types of debate:
1. Formal debate –are held in formal settings such as in school, the House of
Representatives and in Senate. Debaters come prepared, equipped with the knowledge
they need to be able to reason out effectively. A topic is debated upon and the debaters
listen to the arguments raised by the other debaters from which they build their arguments
and argue their position.
2. Informal debate –do not follow strictly a structure. While there are also two sides –the
affirmative and the negative –it takes place anywhere and does not have to involve two
teams. It may take place between two or more people, arguing for or against a certain
issue.

Skills Needed in Debate

1. Reading
For you to become a successful debater, you should be a wide reader. Many say that
through reading, you can visit places, experience other cultures, and learn new things. In fact,
if you read extensively, you are able to look at things differently. Your knowledge of things is
not restricted to a single perspective but to many.

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 2. Speaking
Your being a voracious reader or a bookworm will certainly manifest itself in the way you
speak. You never run out of thoughts and words once you are asked on a certain topic. The
knowledge you have gained from reading can manifest in your wide vocabulary and in a
distinct use of a speaking style that can change the minds of your listeners, sway and win them
over to your side.

3. Writing
It is in the writing skill where the ‘making of a full man’ is achieved. Reading and writing are
skills that got together. As a passionate reader, you increase your vocabulary significantly. You
are able to express in writing your full understanding of yourself, the world you are in, your
views about life, and your perspectives of people.

4. Listening
Though not usually emphasized, listening is equally important as the other skills, thus, it
should not be taken for granted. Just like reading and writing, listening and speaking go
together. In a debate, if you do not listen carefully to the arguments of your colleagues and the
members of the opposing team, you cannot build on your teammate’s arguments and refute
convincingly the claims of the other team.
Jimmy Hendrix once said: “knowledge speaks but wisdom listens.” Indeed, it is true. For
aside from reading, it is only through listening intently that you are able to gain knowledge and
wisdom, it is also through listening that you’re able to show respect to others.

ACTIVITY #10
(To be submitted on July ___, 2021)

Direction: Read and understand the module and answer the following. Write your answer in a 1
whole sheet of yellow pad paper. Answers should be composed of at least five (5) sentences (10
points each). Follow the rubric given at week 7 as your guide.

1. Why is it important to analyze the audience and know about the logistics involved when
making an oral presentation?
2. “The eyes are window to the soul.” Explain.

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 End of tenth week
---------------------------------------------Nothing Follows--------------------------------------

SOUTH EAST ASIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, INC.

National Highway, Crossing Rubber, Tupi, South Cotabato

GENERAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

___________________________________________________

LEARNING MODULE
FOR
GE 115: PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION

_____________________________________________________

GE 115: Purposive Communication

SOUTH EAST ASIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, INC.
Page 19 of 26
 WEEK 11
July 2021

WEEK 11
PUBLIC SPEAKING
You have probably delivered a speech before an audience once, twice, or thrice in high
school in the forms of reporting, research presentations, or creative presentations or you might
have read Biblical passages in church. How did the experience make you feel? If the experience
made you wish to speak more in public or made you confident of yourself, then you belong to the
few who do not fear public speaking or who have overcome it.
Public speaking is a process of speaking in a structured, deliberate manner to inform, influence
or entertain an audience.
Speech is the term used to refer to the body spoken expressions of information and ideas. A
speech may be delivered in any of the following modes: read from a manuscript, memorized and
delivered extemporaneous or impromptu. The choice of mode of speech delivery is determined by
factors such as length of preparation, complexity of message, purpose, and occasion.
Reading from a Manuscript is appropriate when the speech is long and when details are
complicated and essential such as they need to be given completely. Reading is also appropriate
when one is asked to deliver a prepared speech on behalf of another speaker. Reading may pose
the least challenge in public speaking but the speaker may be tricked into thinking that no
preparation is needed. When a message is delivered through reading, the force, naturalness, and
eye contact may be dimished because the eyes have to travel from page to the audience and vice
versa.
Memorized speech requires a speaker to commit everything to memory. This method is excellent
for short messages although it is also used for long pieces in oratorical, declamation and other
literary contests. Just like a read speech, memorized speech also poses challenge in naturalness.
The worst experience one could have in delivering a memorized speech is to forget the lines and
fail to shift smoothly to another mode of delivery.
Extemporaneous speaking may have a short or long preparation. The speaker may use an
outline to guide him through his speech to achieve better organization and to avoid leaving out
details. But unlike reading, extemporaneous speaking necessitates the speaker to formulate his

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sentences while he is speaking. Extemporaneous is a method that most lecturers and teachers
use. A good extemporaneous speaker must be spontaneous.
Impromptu means speaking at the spur of the moment. Since there is very minimal or no time for
preparation given for impromptu, the content and organization may suffer. Impromptu may not
deliver the best thought in the best way but it brings out the most natural thing to say at the
moment.

Making Inquiries
An inquiry letter is written when a person needs to more information about products,
services, internships, scholarships, or job vacancies offered by companies, associations, or
individuals. Often, inquiry letters are sent when a person has specific questions that are not
addressed by the general information available provided by brochures, websites, advertisements
classified ads, etc.
An inquiry may also be in the form of telephone or personal interview.
Depending on the immediacy and specificity of the need, one of these modes may prove more
responsive to your need.
Both interview and letter require correct and appropriate language use. Both require
correctness, conciseness, clarity of language, and courtesy. While letters require correctness of
spelling, punctuations, capitalizations, indentions, margins, etc., interviews require clarity of words,
correct pronunciation, intonation and pauses, spontaneity, pleasing personality, and confidence.

Content and Organization of Letter of Inquiry

Just like any business letter, letter of inquiry has the following basic parts:
A. Heading or Letterhead
B. Inside address
C. Salutation
D. Body of the letter

First Paragraph: It provides a background of your inquiry such as how, where and when you first
learned of the information. State your purpose in one or two sentences.
Middle Paragraph: This section should specify the information you are seeking.
Final Paragraph: Express your expectation from your addressee and thank him in advance for his
favorable action.
E. Complimentary

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 F. Signature

Format
The format of an inquiry letter follows any of the following most commonly used formats: pure
block, semi-block or modified block.
The format below illustrates the basic business letter content using the pure block format.

___________________
___________________
___________________

___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________

___________________:

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
___________________.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________.

___________________,
___________________

Emails

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 More frequently used now in inquiry are emails. Emails gained popularity because of speed
and convenience.

Generally, email messages are less formal than letters, although there are still expectations
for appropriate and effective email communication. The formality is determined by the sender’s
familiarity and relationship to the receiver, the classification and objective of the message to be
sent, and other factors that shape the context of communication. In academic emails, for example,
it is more appropriate to sound formal and professional. The use of ‘wanna, gonna’ and
abbreviations such as “tnx” and gbu, and emoticons is inappropraite.In other informal contexts,
however, abbreviations and emoticons may be effective. In academic and other more formal
emails, correctness and other qualities that apply to business letters should be observed.

For more effective email communications (and also letters), remember the following:
1. Be courteous. Courtesy does not only mean greeting, thanking, or using polite expressions.
It also means considering the feelings of the receiver, thus, the writer needs to use the
appropriate or positive tone.
2. Keep messages as concise and clear as possible.
3. Proofread and spell check before sending.
4. Provide a short but descriptive subject line. The subject line will help the receiver readily
identify the content type and urgency of the message.
5. Although some parts of the email are optional, it is enabling to know all the other parts.

Below is the list of all the parts of an email. The style may depending on the system you use.

From: Jaylou J. Jose

Sent: 26 May, 9:10 AM
To: Aaron C. Jacinto
CC: Maggy J. Jaime
Bcc: Luz D. Cruz
Subject: Scholarship availability inquiry
Attachment: Form 137
Salutation: Dear Mr. Jose
Body of the letter
Closing: Sincerely
Name (email signature)

The parts of the emails are explained below:

From: Name of person sending the email
Sent: Date and time
To: Name of person receiving the email
CC: Other person receiving the message
Bcc: Another person receiving the email without the other recipient knowing
Subject: Content (title) of the email
Attachment: Document sent separately, not included in the email (but attached)
Salutation: Greeting or opening
Body of the email: message
Closing: ending
Name/signature of the sender: name and title
(Below the name of the sender, the following information may be included: company
and address, telephone number, URL or website address and social media link)

Interview is a special type of purposive conversation. Interviews are classified into different
types according to purpose, but basic to all types of interviews is to obtain desired information.
Interview requires real time for both the interviewee and interviewer.
Whatever your specific purpose is, it is always advantageous to consider the following tips in
conducting an interview.

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Before the interview
1. Remember the if you are seeking for information from people (e.g. interview for research),
you are asking them a favor; thus make appointments with your interviewee at their most
convenient time.
2. Prepare the list of questions.

During the interview

1. Be punctual.
2. Wear appropriate attire.
3. Observe good manners.
4. Speak clearly and be attentive.
5. If you have follow-up questions, ask politely. Ask the interviewee to validate your notes.
6. Allow the interviewee sufficient time to answer.
7. Rephrase questions to clarify vague points.
8. Acknowledge answers of the interviewee to assure him of your attention.
9. Graciously thank the interviewee for his time.

Parts of the Interview

The opening includes the initial contact of the interviewer and the interviewee.
Rapport should be established by creating positive impression. Although introduction might have
been done during the appointment, introduce yourself briefly.
The body includes several questions to achieve your specific objectives.
The conclusion includes expressing gratitude and hope of meeting the interviewee again in
the future.

ACTIVITY #11
(To be submitted on July ___, 2021)

Direction: Read and understand the module and answer the following. Write your answer in a 1
whole sheet of yellow pad paper.
A. Using the table below, compare and contrast extemporaneous speaking to/from impromptu
speaking by writing their differences in their respective columns and their similarities in the
middle column.
Impromptu Similarities Extemporaneous

Do the same for read and memorized speech.

Read Similarities Memorized

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Rubric:

Level Description
Well written and very organized. Excellent grammar mechanics.
Outstanding Clear and concise statements.
(9-10 points) Excellent effort and presentation with details.
Demonstrate a thorough understanding of the topic.
Writes fairly clear. Good grammar mechanics.
Good
Good presentation and organization.
(7-8 points)
Sufficient effort and detail.
Minimal effort. Good grammar mechanics.
Fair
Fair presentation.
(6 points)
Few supporting details.
Somewhat unclear. Shows little effort. Poor grammar mechanics.
Poor
Confusing and choppy, incomplete sentences.
(4-5 points)
No organization of thoughts.
Lacking effort. Very poor grammar mechanics.
Very Poor Very unclear.
(1-3 points) Does not address topic.
Limited attempt.

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 End of eleventh week
---------------------------------------------Nothing Follows--------------------------------------

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