Constitution of Pakistan

The Constitution is the basic document to guide law, political culture and system in Pakistan. It
is identifying the state, fundamental rights of people, the constitutional edifice establishing the
institutions and the country's armed forces.

Women Rights in Constitution of Pakistan

Pakistan came into being in 14th August 1947, in that time the constitutional reigning
preparation was on the base of 1935 Indian Act, after long time struggled the new constitution
for newly state was written to run the government.

Women rights and The Constitution of 1973

After division, the Pakistan was rules as autonomous administration, the representative
management proclaimed a constitution in 1973. It was incorporated in 14th august 1973 and
female rights were included:
 The sovereign law lords is providing throughout the country. It is also warranted the
security of the minority and twisted the detached orchestras for the subgroups.
 The basic constitutional privileges of the publics were precaution from the court of

Article No. 11. It is undertook all procedure of free employment is outlawed for the wellbeing
of teenager, every youngster in any sweatshop, coalmine, or other perilous occupation is
outlawed. Somebody who is suffering chastisement in contradiction of decree to entail by law
for communal persistence.
Article No. 12, no law sanction is reprimand of a person. For an act or omission that is not
punishable from law at the time of the act or omission. For an offence from a penalty
countless than or any diverse kind from, the penalty, it is prescribed beg law for that
wrongdoing at the time the felony is devoted.
In article 270,it is described that smear to any law making acts of rescindment or subversion of
a constitution in potency in Pakistan at any time from the Twenty Third Day March, one
Thousand Nine Hundred and fifty Six and transgression.

Article No. 14, (1) The self-esteem of gentleman is matter to commandment; the discretion of
home-based shall be sacrosanct.
(2), No any individual shall be imperilled to nuisance for the diligence of confiscating symptom.
Article No. 15, each sustain in interrogation and is utilitarian for commands this is obligatory
by law in the public absorption, reaches and substitutions freely during Pakistan and exist in
and reimbursement in any chunk of country.
Article No. 16, the peacefully muster wanting munitions and restrictions are compulsory by
law in the absorption of communal instruction.
Article No. 17, Every inhabitant has the right to from implications or amalgamations
serviceable confines will requisite by law in the exclusive of dominion or genuineness of
Pakistan, public, masculinity or ethics.
Every civilian who is in the service of Pakistan has the right to form union or be member of a
political party; the cataloging will be essential by law in the inquisitiveness of the sovereignty
or honesty of Pakistan.
Article No. 18. Every resident possess endorsed vocation or career, and demeanour to
legalized occupation or corporate.
Article No. 19. Every resident possess liberty of discourse and countenance and choice of the
press, the impartial precincts will be enforced by law in the curiosity of the magnificence of
Islam or the reliability comparative with overseas state, public order or morality, or in relation
to disdain of court, commission or provocation and wrongdoing.
Article No. 20. It is given privileges of concede, preparation and proliferate the creed, every
religion.
Article No. 21. The interval for the determination of any exact creed, no any individual is
inhibited to recompense exceptional tariff to sustain of conviction.
Article No.22. No anyone has seemed any enlightening association that is compulsory to
attain convictions instructions or take share in any faiths primness or appear creeds adoration.
The institution formality or devotion concedes to creed.
Article No. 23. The constituents and realistic precincts is implemented from law in the
communal curiosity.
Article No. 24. Every individual is protected accord through law. Further:
Article No. 25. All inhabitants are equivalent and enabled to identical defence of law.
Article No. 26. There is no any kind of discrimination for residents
Article No. 34. Ensure the women to participate in every walk of life. Article No. 35. This is the
responsibility of government to shelter the bridal, the clan life. (Siddiqui, 2013,P.81)
Definition of the State
In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, "the State" means the Federal Government,
15[Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)] 15, a Provincial Government, a Provincial Assembly, and such
local or other authorities in Pakistan as are by law empowered to impose any tax or cess.

8 Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of fundamental rights to be void.

(1) Any law, or any custom or usage having the force of law, in so far as it is inconsistent with
the rights conferred by this Chapter, shall, to the extent of such inconsistency, be void.

(2) The State shall not make any law which takes away or abridges the rights so conferred and
any law made in contravention of this clause shall, to the extent of such contravention, be
void.
(3) The provisions of this Article shall not apply to:-
(A) any law relating to members of the Armed Forces, or of the police or of such other forces
as are charged with the maintenance of public order, for the purpose of ensuring the proper
discharge of their duties or the maintenance of discipline among them; or
(b) any of the:-
(i) laws specified in the First Schedule as in force immediately before the commencing day or
as amended by any of the laws specified in that Schedule;
(ii) other laws specified in Part of the First Schedule; and no such law nor any provision thereof
shall be void on the ground that such law or provision is inconsistent with, or repugnant to,
any provision of this Chapter.

(4) Notwithstanding anything contained in paragraph (b) of clause (3), within a period of two
years from the commencing day, the appropriate Legislature shall bring the laws specified in
18[Part II of the First Schedule] 18 into conformity with the rights conferred by this Chapter:
Provided that the appropriate Legislature may by resolution extend the said period of two
years by a period not exceeding six months.
Explanation:- If in respect of any law 19[Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)] 19 is the appropriate
Legislature, such resolution shall be a resolution of the National Assembly
(5) The rights conferred by this Chapter shall not be suspended except as expressly provided
by the Constitution.
9 Security of person.
No person shall be deprived of life or liberty save in accordance with law.

10 Safeguards as to arrest and detention

 A person must be informed of the grounds of his or her arrest and must have the right
to consult and be defended by a lawyer of his or her choice.
 Detained/arrested persons are to be brought before a magistrate within 24 hours and
not to be detained in custody beyond the said period (except with the authority of the
magistrate).
 Exceptions: In case of preventive detention, a 3-month detention can be increased by
another 3 months, as per the circumstances, particularly applicable in cases where a
person has been acting in a manner prejudicial to the integrity of Pakistan, security of
Pakistan, defence of Pakistan, or public order of Pakistan, or any part thereof.

10A.Right to fair trial:

For the determination of his civil rights and obligations or in any criminal charge against him a
person shall be entitled to a fair trial and due process. ] 

11. Slavery, forced labour, etc. prohibited

(1) Slavery is non-existent and forbidden and no law shall permit or facilitate its introduction
into Pakistan in any form. 
(2) All forms of forced labour and traffic in human beings are prohibited. 
(3) No child below the age of fourteen years shall be engaged in any factory or mine or any
other hazardous employment. 
(4) Nothing in this Article shall be deemed to affect compulsory service:-
(A) by any person undergoing punishment for an offence against any law; or
(B)required by any law for public purpose provided that no compulsory service shall be of a
cruel nature or incompatible with human dignity.
12: Protection against retrospective punishment
(1) No law shall authorize the punishment of a person:-
(A) for an act or omission that was not punishable by law at the time of the act or omission; or
(B) for an offence by a penalty greater than, or of a kind different from, the penalty prescribed
by law for that offence at the time the offence was committed. 
(2) Nothing in clause (1) or in Article 270 shall apply to any law making acts of abrogation or
subversion of a Constitution in force in Pakistan at any time since the twenty-third day of
March, one thousand nine hundred and fifty-six, an offence.  

13: Protection against double punishment and self incrimination.

No person:- (A)shall be prosecuted or punished for the same offence more than once; or
(B)shall, when accused of an offence, be compelled to be a witness against himself. 

14: Inviolability of dignity of man, etc.

(1)The dignity of man and, subject to law, the privacy of home, shall be inviolable. 
(2) No person shall be subjected to torture for the purpose of extracting evidence.  

15: Freedom of movement, etc.

Every citizen shall have the right to remain in, and, subject to any reasonable restriction
imposed by law in the public interest, enter and move freely throughout Pakistan and to reside
and settle in any part thereof. 
16: Freedom of assembly.
Every citizen shall have the right to assemble peacefully and without arms, subject to any
reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of public order.
17: Freedom of association:
 Freedom to form, join, or become a member of any association, union, or political party
(whereby political parties must account for the source of their funds).
 Exception: Subject to reasonable restrictions imposed in interests of the sovereignty of
Pakistan, integrity of Pakistan, or public order and morality.
18: Freedom of trade, business or profession.
Subject to such qualifications, if any, as may be prescribed by law, every citizen shall have the
right to enter upon any lawful profession or occupation, and to conduct any lawful trade or
business:
Provided that nothing in this Article shall prevent:-
(A)the regulation of any trade or profession by a licensing system; or
(B) the regulation of trade, commerce or industry in the interest of free competition therein;
or (C) the carrying on, by the Federal Government or a Provincial Government, or by a
corporation controlled by any such Government, of any trade, business, industry or service, to
the exclusion, complete or partial, of other persons.

19: Freedom of speech, etc.

Every citizen shall have the right to freedom of speech and expression, and there shall be
freedom of the press, subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of
the glory of Islam or the integrity, security or defence of Pakistan or any part thereof, friendly
relations with foreign States, public order, decency or morality, or in relation to contempt of
court,[commission of] or incitement to an offence.  

19A: Right to information:

Every citizen shall have the right to have access to information in all matters of public
importance subject to regulation and reasonable restrictions imposed by law. ] 

20 Freedom to profess religion and to manage religious institutions.

Subject to law, public order and morality:-
(A)every citizen shall have the right to profess, practice and propagate his religion; and
(B) every religious denomination and every sect thereof shall have the right to establish,
maintain and manage its religious institutions. 

21: Safeguard against taxation for purposes of any particular religion.

No person shall be compelled to pay any special tax the proceeds of which are to be spent on
the propagation or maintenance of any religion other than his own.
22: Safeguards as to educational institutions in respect of religion, etc.
 It shall be the duty of the state to advance citizens educationally and socially.
 No one shall be compelled to take part in or attend religious worship other than one’s
own.
 There shall be no discrimination against any community in the granting of exceptions or
concessions with regard to religious institutions.
 No pupil shall be refrained from getting religious education of his or her choosing.
 There shall be no discrimination with regard to admission into any educational institute.
 
23: Provision as to property.
Every citizen shall have the right to acquire, hold and dispose of property in any part of
Pakistan, subject to the Constitution and any reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the
public interest. 

24: Protection of property rights.

(1) No person shall be compulsorily deprived of his property save in accordance with law.
(2) No property shall be compulsorily acquired or taken possession of save for a public
purpose, and save by the authority of law which provides for compensation therefore
and either fixes the amount of compensation or specifies the principles on and the
manner in which compensation is to be determined and given. 
(3) Nothing in this Article shall affect the validity of :-
(A) any law permitting the compulsory acquisition or taking possession of any property for
preventing danger to life, property or public health; or
(B) any law permitting the taking over of any property which has been acquired by, or come
into the possession of, any person by any unfair means, or in any manner, contrary to law; or
(C) any law relating to the acquisition, administration or disposal of any property which is or is
deemed to be enemy property or evacuee property under any law (not being property which
has ceased to be evacuee property under any law); or
(D) any law providing for the taking over of the management of any property by the State for a
limited period, either in the public interest or in order to secure the proper management of
the property, or for the benefit of its owner; or
(E) any law providing for the acquisition of any class of property for the purpose of
(i)providing education and medical aid to all or any specified class of citizens or
(ii) providing housing and public facilities and services such as roads, water supply, sewerage,
gas and electric power to all or any specified class of citizens; or
(iii) providing maintenance to those who, on account of unemployment, sickness, infirmity or
old age, are unable to maintain themselves ; or
(f)any existing law or any law made in pursuance of Article 253. 
(4)The adequacy or otherwise of any compensation provided for by any such law as is referred
to in this Article, or determined in pursuance thereof, shall not be called in question in any
court.  

25: Equality of citizens.

(1)All citizens are equal before law and are entitled to equal protection of law. 
(2)There shall be no discrimination on the basis of sex. 
(3) Nothing in this Article shall prevent the State from making any special provision for the
protection of women and children

25A. Right to education:

The State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of five to
sixteen years in such manner as may be determined by law.

26. Non-discrimination in respect of access to public places.

(1) In respect of access to places of public entertainment or resort not intended for religious
purposes only, there shall be no discrimination against any citizen on the ground only of race,
religion, caste, sex, residence or place of birth.
(2) Nothing in clause (1) shall prevent the State from making any special provision for women
and children.

27. Safeguard against discrimination in services.

(1) No citizen otherwise qualified for appointment in the service of Pakistan shall be
discriminated against in respect of any such appointment on the ground only of race, religion,
caste, sex, residence or place of birth:

Provided that, for a period not exceeding (forty) years from the commencing day, posts may
be reserved for persons belonging to any class or area to secure their adequate representation
in the service of Pakistan:
Provided further that, in the interest of the said service, specified posts or services may be
reserved for members of either sex if such posts or services entail the performance of duties
and functions which cannot be adequately performed by members of the other sex.
[Provided also that under-representation of any class or area in the service of Pakistan may be
redressed in such manner as may be determined by an Act of Majlis- e-Shoora (Parliament).

(2) Nothing in clause (1) shall prevent any Provincial Government, or any local or other
authority in a Province, from prescribing, in relation to any post or class of service under that
Government or authority, conditions as to residence in the Province. for a period not
exceeding three years, prior to appointment under that Government or authority.

28 Preservation of language, script and culture.

Subject to Article 251 any section of citizens having a distinct language, script or culture shall
have the right to preserve and promote the same and subject to law, establish institutions for
that purpose.