EDUCATIONAL RECORDS

Using BLOCKCHAIN

A MINI-PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by

ROHIT GOYAL [RA2011050010085]

PRATHMESH JOSHI [RA2011050010082]

Studying
B. Tech

Under the Guidance of

Dr. SV. Shri Bharathi

Assistant Professor, Department of DSBS

DEPARTMENT OF DATA SCIENCE AND BUSINESS SYSTEMS

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

SRM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY KATTANKULATHUR- 603 203
NOVEMBER 2022
 SRM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
KATTANKULATHUR – 603 203

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this B.Tech mini-project report titled “Educational Record

using Blockchain” is the bonafide work of Rohit Goyal and Prathmesh
Joshi who carried out the project work under my supervision. Certified further,
that to the best of my knowledge the work reported herein does not form part of
any other thesis or dissertation on the basis of which a degree or award was
conferred on an earlier occasion for this or any other candidate.

Department of DSBS
Dr. M. Lakshmi
PROFESSOR &
Dr. SV. SHRI BHARATHI HOD Department of
SUPERVISOR DSBS
Assistant Professor

Signature of Internal Examiner Signature of External Examiner

ABSTRACT

Blockchain stores a series of transactions in form of a sequence of linked blocks.

Hence, the concept of a single decentralized ledger is easily maintained.
Transactions and interactions that take place among the participants accessing the
distributed and decentralized but cooperative blockchain network are held through
a single ledger. An Educational Record using Blockchain (ERB) can make use of
a decentralized, reliable, and highly trusted ledger that stores vital information.
Traditional education systems encounter problems such as centralized record
keeping where fault tolerance depends on a single cloud provider; not to mention
locally hosted databases. The implementation of blockchain in the education
sector provides a new horizon for set of non-functional requirements including
but not limited to: security, immutability, independence from the institution,
immutability of official records and certificates. In addition, total trust in the
accuracy and infallibility are all gathered in the decentralized ledgers of
blockchain. The proposed models emphasize on the data availability; represented
in students' ability to access all of their data at any time. This project proposes
three models for using blockchains to implement fully functional ERB that
maintains transactions such as students’ and faculty members’ records, course
registration records and student marks. In addition, avoiding the role of a super
administrator or a centralized exposed store where data integrity is vulnerable.
Using the proposed models pushes towards an electronic community where
genuine certificates can be easily issued and published to the interested parties
without the need for involving a centralized administration.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTERNO. TITLE PAGE NO. ABSTRACT

1 INTRODUCTION 2 LITERATURE REVIEW

3 SYSTEM ANALYSIS

3.1 Problem Statement

3.2 Proposed Solution
3.3 Software and Hardware

4 SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 4.1

Description of System Architecture
4.2 Description of Modules
4.3 Module-wise Code
4.4 Output Screenshots & Explanation
5 CONCLUSION
6 REFERENCES
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Blockchain introduces a new horizon for achieving data integrity using decentralized and
well-maintained data stores. Blockchain can be implemented within the automated
management systems of individual higher education institutions or groups of educational
institution.
Education is a core area where different stakeholders need to share and modify shared
information. Modification of records can take place in different levels of security levels. The
motivation of using blockchain in SIS comes from the growing need for acquiring high
security and trust in such critical systems. In addition, a blockchain system emphasizes on
making use of a decentralized, reliable, and highly trusted ledger that stores vital
information.

Regardless of the marked enchantment in technology, there is a growing need for reliability
and data integrity. Students would have full independence over their personal data in
Blockchain. It will provide students with complete independence from the institution as well
as complete control over their data while keeping integrity of immutable data. The
blockchain stores data that is permanently recorded and encrypted using cryptographic
technologies into decentralized blocks. Cryptographic procedures used in block generation
and connecting blocks improve the security of each blockchain transaction, and the data
recorded on the blockchain are immutable records whose states cannot be changed once they
are generated. Security, resilience, and irreversibility are all connected to immutability. The
blockchain's promise in education extends much farther, allowing students to add flavor of
anonymity over their personal data, independence from the institution, immutability of
records of official papers and certificates, and total trust in the accuracy and infallibility
owing to network design. The proposed models emphasize on the data availability;
represented in student's ability to access all their data at any time. Blockchain technology
enables an alternative approach to teaching. Many institutions, organizations, and businesses
are establishing their own blockchain efforts to investigate the advantages and uses in
education.

The motivation for this project arises from the fact that; in education sector, students’
information is critical and sensitive. The existence of a super administrator who can retrieve
data of general administrative framework, learning and research may be seen as a big
vulnerability. In conventional education framework relying on a centralized system, there are
some challenges regarding record keeping. The goal of the new this research is to find other
alternatives for record keeping. Based on blockchain technology; the new model can provide
a more protected and trusted archive of records which represents depending on time-stamps
can be a big assist for all stakeholders.

This project proposes an approach for using blockchain to implement fully functional ERB
that maintains students’ records, course registrations record and student marks. It provides
significant, safe, and transparent methods for building a global system for educational
learning.
Chapter 2
LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1EXISTING SYSTEM:

The system has come up with many functionalities for educational institutions.
Various case studies has described the problems faced by the users during sharing
Certificates.
To track the student progress and managing attendance. It helps both student and
 guardian to keep track of student progress without visiting to the college. It helps
Customer, do not have knowledge of trading also at same time the interfaces are so
notifies student and guardian during the time of important events which are complex
that it makes it difficult for user to share grades, it happens in institution. One more
feature is guardian get alerted whenever student takes a lot of time to update an
order of buying or selling and data of user is not get failed in the exam or student
not able to meet the expected attendance average. ERB is application software and
which has
kept safe, intention to begin a conductive and direct interchanging the statistics in a
secure platform to coalesce with students, faculties, parents and the college/school
administration. The student information has the particulars (like register number,
name, date-of-birth, sex, parent phone number, address, parent name, etc.) invade to
the system by the faculties. All these particulars is stored in the database. ERB
application is trouble free to use in schools, colleges, universities, and any other
educational institutions. It can be customized as per the need. It can be used in
private and government educational institutions also. ERB application is an
internet-based application we can login to the system from anywhere irrespective of
geographical area it will give seamless navigation. Existing system has following
drawbacks
1.Customer data is not secured
2.Interface is dull
3.Trading process takes a lot of time
4.Customer follow- up is difficult
Chapter 3
SYSTEM ANALYSIS

3.1PROBLEMSTATEMENT:

College & Universities has to handle records for many number of students so
maintenance was difficult. Though it has used an information system, it was totally
manual or semi-automated. Hence, Blockchain at the university level is needed
because of the increasing rates of forgery and the generation of fake degrees. The
university should have a standard authenticated and decentralized database that can
store all records of the students who have graduated from the university. These
academic data should not be manipulated or deleted by any outside influence, thereby
ensuring the credibility of the system
 3.2 PROPOSED SOLUTION:

In proposed project Blockchain and its various properties are to be used to ensure that
the proposed system caters to what is needed for security, easy accessibility, and
availability. This also makes it easy to keep a track of all the data and to ensure that no
document is fake or forged.

3.3 SOFTWARE and HARDWARES

1. Software Requirements
Operating System: Windows/MacOS/Linux
Tool Used: SQL, Django
2. Hardware requirements:
Processor: Intel i3 or Amd Ryzen 3 and above
Hard disk: minimum 2 GB space
RAM: Atleast 2GB
Chapter 4

SYSTEM DESIGN AND MPLEMENTATION

Front End

HTML:

The Hypertext Markup Language or HTML is the standard markup language for
documents designed to be displayed in a web browser. It can be assisted by
technologies such as Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and scripting languages such as
JavaScript. Web browsers receive HTML documents from a web server or from local
storage and render the documents into multimedia web pages. HTML describes the
structure of a web page semantically and originally included cues for the appearance
of the document.
HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages. With HTML constructs,
images, and other objects such as interactive forms may be embedded into the
rendered page. HTML provides a means to create structured documents by denoting
structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes, and
other items.

CSS:

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the
presentation of a document written in a markup language such as HTML or XML
(including XML dialects such as SVG, MathML or XHTML).CSS is a cornerstone
technology of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and JavaScript. CSS is designed
to enable the separation of content and presentation, including layout, colors, and
fonts.
This separation can improve content accessibility; provide more flexibility and control
in the specification of presentation characteristics; enable multiple web pages to share
formatting by specifying the relevant CSS in a separate .css file, which reduces
complexity and repetition in the structural content; and enable the .css file to be
cached to improve the page load speed between the pages that share the file and its
formatting.

JAVASCRIPT:

JavaScript is a text-based programming language used both on the client-side and

server side that allows you to make web pages interactive. Where HTML and CSS are
languages that give structure and style to web pages, JavaScript gives web pages
interactive elements that engage a user.
Common examples of JavaScript that you might use every day include the search box
on Amazon, a news recap video embedded on The New York Times, or refreshing
your Twitter feed. Incorporating JavaScript improves the user experience of the web
page by converting it from a static page into an interactive one. To recap, JavaScript
adds behavior to web pages.
BOOTSTRAP:

Bootstrap is an HTML, CSS & JS Library that focuses on simplifying the

development of informative web pages . The primary purpose of adding it to a web
project is to apply Bootstrap's choices of color, size, font and layout to that project.
As such, the primary factor is whether the developers in charge find those choices to
their liking. Once added to a project, Bootstrap provides basic style definitions for all
HTML elements. The result is a uniform appearance for prose, tables and form
elements across web browsers. In addition, developers can take advantage of CSS
classes defined in Bootstrap to further customize the appearance of their contents. For
example, Bootstrap has provisioned for light- and darkcolored tables, page headings,
more prominent pull quotes, and text with a highlight.

Back End

PHP:

PHP is a general-purpose scripting language geared toward web development. It was

originally created by Danish-Canadian programmer Rasmus Lerdorf in 1993 and
released in 1995. The PHP reference implementation is now produced by The PHP
Group. PHP originally stood for Personal Home Page, but it now stands for the
recursive initialism PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor.
PHP code is usually processed on a web server by a PHP interpreter implemented as a
module, a daemon or as a Common Gateway Interface (CGI) executable. On a web
server, the result of the interpreted and executed PHP code – which may be any type
of data, such as generated HTML or binary image data – would form the whole or part
of an HTTP response.
The standard PHP interpreter, powered by the Zend Engine, is free software released
under the PHP License. PHP has been widely ported and can be deployed on most
web servers on a variety of operating systems and platforms.

MYSQL:

MySQL is free and open-source software under the terms of the GNU General Public
License, and is also available under a variety of proprietary licenses. MySQL was
owned and sponsored by the Swedish company MySQL AB, which was bought by
Sun Micro systems (now Oracle Corporation). In 2010, when Oracle acquired Sun,
Widenius forked the open-source MySQL project to create MariaDB.
MySQL has stand-alone clients that allow users to interact directly with a MySQL
database using SQL, but more often, MySQL is used with other programs to
implement applications that need relational database capability. MySQL is a
component of the LAMP web application software stack (and others), which is an
acronym for Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python. MySQL is used by many
database-driven web applications, including Drupal, Joomla, php, BB, and
WordPress. MySQL is also used by many popular websites, including Facebook,
Flickr, Media, Wiki, Twitter, and YouTube.
Coding
Output
Chapter 5

CONCLUSIONS

When going through various technologies used in the educational discipline for
the betterment of students, it was noted that the use of blockchain technology
has worked successfully in mitigating the risk of forgery of student
achievements, and that the use of Blockchain provides students with
 predictions about future occurrences. Therefore, in this project, a system was
discussed that combines blockchain and other technologies, providing the user
with the benefits of both approaches. In addition, a trusted dataset validated
through blockchain helps increase the veracity of a machine-learning-based
model. This project described how a university mines the blocks of the
students and provides proof of work. This project can obtain the input of the
trusted data and is capable of achieving a more accurate prediction. Hence, the
main aim of this paper is to represent a system containing a blockchain that
manages the student data in the form of a decentralized database (ledger), in
which a job placement company can inquire about the student data directly on
a blockchain and obtain the validated and verified data of a student extremely
quickly, thereby obtaining accurate predictions regarding a suggested job for
the student with the help of a trained the model.
CHAPTER 6

REFERENCES

1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110866521000797#f0
030
2. https://vciba.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s42492-021-00084-y
3. youtube.com
4. Wikipedia
5. https://www.slideshare.net/1amitgupta/studentmanagementsystem