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SITE PLANNING

• “The art of arranging structures on the land and shaping

SITE PLANNING the spaces between; an art linked to architecture,
engineering, landscape and city planning.”
-Kevin Lynch

SITE PLANNING SITE PLANNING

• In the site planning. As in other forms of problem-solving, the • Two methods of establishing a site:
critical thinking process of research, analysis and synthesis makes
a major contribution to the formation of design decisions. • 1. Site Selection Process:
• Research materials may be gathered from existing projects, • This process selects from a list of potential sites on that suits best in
books, photographs or experiments. A program is then the given use and requirements of the project.
formulated and the elements required to develop the project
is listed. 2. Development suitability Process:
• Analysis of the site shall consider all existing features, both • This process selects the best possible use and development suited
natural and man-made in order to determine those inherent
qualities that give a site its “personality”. for a given site.

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SITE ANALYSIS NATURAL FACTORS

• Natural Factors: • GEOLOGY: Is the natural science that

studies the earth - Its composition; the
1. Geology process that shaped its surface; its history.
2. Geomorphology • Earth is made up of rocks (Including soil,
sand, silts and dust)
3. Hydrology
• Igneous rocks (Magmatic rock)
4. Vegetation
• Sedimentary rocks
5. Wildlife • Metamorphosed rocks
6. Climate

NATURAL FACTORS NATURAL FACTORS

• GEOMORPHOLOGY : Is the branch of • Topography : the study and description of the physical features of an
geology that deals with the origin, nature and
area. A detailed description or representation on a map of the natural
distribution of landforms.
and artificial features of an area.
• Physiography – refers to the description of
landforms
• Landforms – are irregularities on the earth’s • Topographic Maps: is a type of map characterized by large-scale
surface. It is simply any natural geographic detail and quantitative representation of relief, usually using contour
feature that can be found on the earth's surface, lines, but historically using a variety of methods. Traditional definitions
such as valleys, hills, mountains and plateau. require a topographic map to show both natural and man-made
features.

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NATURAL FACTORS

• Hydrology : The natural science that

studies the waters of the earth, their
occurrence, circulation and distribution, their
chemical and physical properties, and their
reaction to the living environment including
their relation to all living things.

NATURAL FACTORS

• Water table – is the upper boundary of the zone of groundwater;

the top of unconfined aquifer.
• Aquifer – A permeable geological stratum or formation that can both
store and transit groundwater in significant quantities.
• Watershed – A geographic area of land bounded by topographic
features and height of land that captures precipitation, filters and stores
water and drains water to a shared designation.
• The knowledge of watershed boundaries is critical to water quality
and storm water management.

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NATURAL FACTORS NATURAL FACTORS

• Vegetation: • Wildlife : traditionally refers to undomesticated animal species, but

has come to include all organisms that grow or live wild in an area
• The relevance of Plant Materials in site planning is in their role in :
without being introduced by humans.
• 1. Climatic Control
• Three groups of habitat elements essential to the different species of
• 2. Environmental Engineering wildlife are:
• 3. Architectural and Aesthetic Uses. 1. Openland Wildlife – includes birds and mammals associated with
crops fields, meadows, pastures and non-forested lands.
2. Woodland Wildlife – species in forested lands.
3. Wetland wildlife

NATURAL FACTOR

• Climate : conditions of the atmosphere at a particular location

over a long period of time; it is the long-term summation of the
atmospheric elements (and their variations) that, over short time
periods, constituteweather. These elements are solar
radiation, temperature, humidity, precipitation (type, frequency, and
amount), atmospheric pressure, and wind (speed and direction).

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SITE ANALYSIS CULTURAL FACTORS

• Cultural Factors: • Existing Land use – Ownership of adjacent property, off-side

nuisances.
1. Exisiting Land Use
• Land Use plans are available in each city and municipality to determine
2. Traffic and Transit System the areas for commercial, industrial, institutional, residential and open
space uses.
3. Density and Zoning
4. Socio-Economic Factor
5. Utilities
6. Historic Factors

CULTURAL FACTORS

• Traffic and transit system – vehicular and pedestrian

circulation on or adjacent to site.
• Efficient traffic and transportation systems will result in
successful integration of the different developments in the
vicinity.
• Direction of dominant traffic flow, both vehicular and pedestrian
will also help establish points of highest visual impact for the
site.
• Access must also consider pedestrian movement.

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CULTURAL FACTORS CULTURAL FACTORS

• Density and Zoning – legal and regulatory controls. • Socio-economic factors: The study of the
• Density – refers to the population per unit land area. Density community and its social and economic structures are
influences the privacy, social contact among people, and freedom done to determine whether there is a need, an interest, or
of movement of an individual or a group of people. any objections on the project.
• Zoning regulations, laws and codes are present in every city and • Any proposed must be compatible with the economy of
municipality to regulate the type of development. It divides into the particular community. For example, a high-end
land-use that are designated by building height, building coverage, boutique is hardly suitable in a low-income community.
density of population and open spaces.

CULTURAL FACTORS CULTURAL FACTORS

• Utilities – It is important to determine the existing • Historic factors:

availablitiy on site in terms of adequacy and efficiency. This
includes: 1. Historic Buildings
• Sanitary / Sewage system
• Water supply 2. Historic Landmarks
• Drainage 3. Archeology
• Electric Power supply
• Telecommunication

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SITE ANALYSIS AESTHETIC FACTORS

• Natural Feature : When

• Aesthetic Factors: sites are characterized by
1. Natural Feature outstanding natural features of earth
rock, water or plant material, these
2. Spatial Pattern may be incorporated in the site
development as natural assets of the
3. Visual Resource land.

AESTHETIC FACTORS AESTHETIC FACTORS

• Spatial Pattern: is defined as • View resources:

the way an open space of a given site 1. View : A scene observed from a 2. Vista : is a confined
is configured to an arrangement of vantage point. view usually directed
elements that evoke activity or flow, toward a terminal or a
both physically or visually dominant feature. It has
three components : a view
station, a view and a
foreground.