01

CHAPTER IV
Different
Therapeutic/Treatment
Models
THERAPEUTIC
MODALITIES

Presented by:
John Paul Orcerada
Jacky Calvo
Rodney Canete
Muhamar Ambung
 At the end of the chapter 02

students will be able to:

LEARNING 1. Familiarize the different
OBJECTIVES modalities in the treatment of
offenders.

2. Acquaint on the concept of

forgery and other similar fraudulent
acts in documents.

3. Differentiate those different

therapeutic/treatment models
implemented by the PPA, BJMP and
KEY TOPICS
BUCOR.
 MODALITIES IN THE TREATMENT OF OFFENDERS IN THE PHILIPPINES
Like many countries, the correctional system in the Philippines has both an institution-
based and a community-based component. it also has separate treatment systems for youth
offenders and adult offenders. The custodial care of adult offenders is handled by the
following:

1. The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) under the Department of Interior and
Local Government (DILG) which has supervision over all district, city municipal jails, and
detention centers. These jails house detainees awaiting judicial disposition of their case and
offenders whose sentence range from one (1) day to three (3) years.

2. The Provincial Governments, which have supervision and control over provincial jails. These
jails house court detainees and prisoners whose prison terms range from six (6) months and
one (1) day, to three (3) years.

3. The Bureau of Corrections (BUCOR) under the Department of Justice (DOJ), which has
control over the national penitentiary and its penal farms, houses convicted offenders with
prison sentences ranging from three (3) years and one (1) day, to life imprisonment.
Youth offenders in the Philippines are treated differently.
A youth offender is defined as a child over nine (9) years
but below eighteen (18) years of age at the time of the
commission of an offense.

There are ten (10) rehabilitation centers for youth

offenders, one of which is a National Training School for
Boys and the other, a National Training School for Girls.

The non-institutional treatment of adult offenders is

managed primarily by the Department of Justice (DOJ)
through its Parole and Probation Administration and the
Board of Pardons Probation for adult offenders is
available to those whose penalty of imprisonment does
not exceed six (6) years.
THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY MODALITY BY PAROLE AND PROBATION
ADMINISTRATION (PPA)

The Therapeutic Community (TC) is an

What is TC? environment that helps people get help while

helping others. It is a treatment environment

The operation of the community itself is the

How does TC task of the residents, working under staff

look like? supervision. These include conducting al house

services, such as cooking, cleaning, kitchen
service, minor repair, serving as apprentices
and running all departments, conducting
meetings and peer encounter groups.
 WHAT ARE THE SALIENT FEATURES OF TC?
1. The primary "therapist" and teacher is the community itself, consisting of peers and staff,
who, as role models of successful personal change, serve as guides in the recovery process.

2. TC adheres to precepts of right living

3. It believes that TC is a places where

One can change
Individuals must take responsibility
Act as if go through the motion

4. There are 5 distinct categories of activity that help promote the change:
Relational/Behavior Management
Affective/Emotional/Psychological
Cognitive/Intellectual
Spiritual
Psychomotor/Vocational-Survival Skills
THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY
MODALITY PROGRAM BY THE
BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT
AND PENOLOGY
 Phase I- Entry/ Orientation
Phase

Phase II-Primary Treatment

5 Stages of Phase III- Pre-Re-entry

Phases Phase IV- Re-entry

Phase V- Aftercare
 Once an inmate is committed to jail,
he undergoes a series of examinations
to determine his physical, social, and
psychological status.
Phase I – Entry/
Orientation Phase The rules and norms f the community
TC concepts, written and unwritten
philosophy
The staff and the members of the
community
The tools of the house
Job functions and TC hierarchy
 - Proper use of the different tools to address
personal issues and concerns and shape behavior.
Managing own feelings and learning how to
express self appropriately.
Learning how to follow the rules and norms of
Phase II-Primary the community
Maximize participation in activities that are
Treatment appropriate to the resident’s need for growth.
Learning how to trust the environment by
disclosing yourself to the community and
developing insight
Developing positive coping skills to deal with
difficult life situations.
Enhancing educational and vocational skills to
make him productive.
Improve social skills and recognize the
importance of other people’s help in shaping
behavior.

 Rebuilding social and

family ties
Pp

Going up the ladder of the

Phase III- hierarchy by showing
Pre-RE-entry leadership
Realization of his
potential to be a
productive member of
society
Mapping out of plans
 transition to life outside of jail
Creating a new lifestyle by
applying the tools and concept
Phase IV - Re-entry of TC.
Learning positive coping skills
to deal with day-to-day
situations.
Re-establishing and
strengthening family ties and
support groups.
Reintegration into the
mainstream of society.
Developing realistic and
attainable goals in life.
 STANDARD PARAMETERS FOR JAIL TCMP
PHASE IV- AFTERCARE
Aftercare is an outpatient program that requires clients to report twice a week to
an outreach center. They are required to attend group sessions to ensure their
adjustment to life outside jail to reduce recidivism. For clients released from jail, they
are referred to the Parole and Probation Administration and Local Government Units
for follow up and aftercare. The clients are focused on the following:

• Maintaining positive behavior and prevent recidivism.

• Strengthening coping mechanism

• Maintaining relationships and support mechanism.

• Sustaining interest in Job or vocation to maintain livelihood.

• Integration into society.

 STANDARD PARAMETERS FOR JAIL TCMP

A. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT:

• The internal and external environment is comfortable, clean and welcoming.

• TC Philosophy and unwritten philosophies are visibly posted around the facility.
• Hierarchical structure and daily activities are displayed
• There is adequate space to hold activities and rooms for specific meetings that
require privacy.
• A clean and well-maintained kitchen that complied with the sanitary standards of
BJMP.
• Provisions of recreation areas both indoors and outdoors.
• The dinning are is equipped with enough tables and chairs to accommodate the
inmates.
• Adequate sanitary toilets and bathrooms that provide privacy to users.
• Adequate space for sleeping and habitation that provide privacy to users.
• Adequate space for sleeping and habitation that respects the individual's personal
space.
 STANDARD PARAMETERS FOR JAIL TCMP
B. TCMP STAFF:
• The TCMP Staff has undergone proper training on TCMP
• Presence of a permanent TCMP Staff to supervise the program and conduct
the various activities.
• The TCMP Staff will not be transferred to other jails until properly covered by
another TC trained staff.
• There is proper shift turn-over of TC trained staff on a daily basis.
• TCMP Staff can be utilized to handle other tasks but puts priority to TCMP.
• Regular meetings are held by staff to discuss progress, issues and concerns
about the program.
• All the Jail staff are involved in the TCMP and are contributing members
• The staff works as a team in delivering services to inmates with respect and
dignity
• Incentives are given to TCMP Staff in terms of awards and commendations.
 STANDARD PARAMETERS FOR JAIL TCMP
C. THE THERAPEUTIC ENVIRONMENT - THE INMATES/ RESIDENTS:
• The residents treat each other with respect at all times regardless of age,
religion, cultural diversity, etc .
• The residents practice a culture of honesty and openness in discussing
thoughts and feelings, providing and receiving feedbacks.
• Confidentiality in respected and practiced.
• The residents are involved in decisions making and planning in TCMP
activities.
• The participants of TCMP are change agents in bringing about
transformation among peers
• The residents comply with the cardinal and house rules and serve as
"watchdogs" for their peers with the aim of correcting erring members.
• Absence or minimal incidence of jail violence/disturbance.
• The residents respect the hierarchy and chain of command.
 PARTICIPANTS OF THE TCMP CONDUCTS
"MORNING MEETING".

Morning Meeting - is a daily ritual that starts

the day in a TC facility. It is attended by the
whole community and lasts for an hour. It
commences with the Opening Prayer, Singing of
the Philippine National Anthem and the
recitation of the TC Philosophy.


Therapeutic Community Program by the

Bureau of Corrections (BUCOR)

The Therapeutic Community (TC)Program represents

an effective, both moral highly and structured ethical.
The environment primary goal with is defined to foster
boundaries, personal growth. This is accomplished by
re-shaping an individual's behavior and attitudes
through the inmates community working together to
help them selves and each other, restoring self-
confidence, and preparing them for their re-integration
into their families and friends as productive members of
the community.


Therapeutic Community Program by the

Bureau of Corrections (BUCOR)

The TC approach has been

continuously proven worldwide as
dependents, an effective and treatment
have been and noted rehabilitation to
be effective modality in many among
prisons.
Thank You
For Your Attention