COMPETENCY BASED QUESTIONS

CLASS X
MATHEMATICS
HOLIDAY HW

CHAPTER 1 REAL NUMBERS

MCQ

1. The LCM of two numbers is 198 and their product is 1188. Find their HCF
a. 18 b. 6 c. 66 d. None of above

2. If two positive integers and are expressible in terms of primes as a = p6 q 3 and b = p 4 q8,
then
which of the following is true?

a. HCF = p 5q2 × LCM b. LCM = p 2q 5 × HCF c. LCM = p 5q 2 × HCF d. HCF = p

2q 5 × LCM

3. The values of x and y in the given figure are:

(a) x = 10; y = 14 (b) x = 21; y = 84 (c) x = 21; y = 25 (d) x = 10; y = 40

4 . The HCF and LCM of two numbers are 33 and 264 respectively. When the first number is
completely divided by 2 the quotient is 33. The other number is:
(a) 66 (b) 130 (c) 132 (d) 196

5. What will be the least possible number of the planks, if three pieces of timber 42 m, 49 m
and 63 m long have to be divided into planks of the same length?
(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) none of these

6. What is the greatest possible speed at which a man can walk 52 km and 91 km in an
exact number of minutes?
(a) 17 m/min (b) 7 m/min (c) 13 m/min (d) 26 m/min

7. If A = 2n + 13, B = n + 7, where n is a natural number then HCF of A and B is:

(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) 4

8. Pairs of natural numbers whose least common multiple is 78 and the greatest common
divisor is 13 are:
(a) 58 and 13 or 16 and 29 (b) 68 and 23 or 36 and 49
(c) 18 and 73 or 56 and 93 (d) 78 and 13 or 26 and 39

9. Two natural numbers whose sum is 85 and the least common multiple is 102 are:
(a) 30 and 55 (b) 17 and 68 (c) 35 and 55 (d) 51 and 34

10. 4 Bells toll together at 9.00 am. They toll after 7, 8, 11 and 12 seconds respectively. How
many times will they toll together again in the next 3 hours?
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
11. A forester wants to plant 66 apple trees, 88 banana trees and 110 mango trees in equal
rows (in terms of number of trees). Also he wants to make distinct rows of trees (i.e., only
one type of trees in one row). The number of minimum rows required are
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 10 (d) 12
12. The largest number which divides 70 and 125, leaving remainders 5 and 8 respectively,
is

(a) 13 (b) 65 (c) 875 (d) 1750

13. If the HCF of 65 and 117 is expressible in the form 65m – 117, then the value of m is
(a) 4 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) 3
14. If two positive integers a and b are written as a = x 3y2 and b = xy3; x, y are prime
numbers, then HCF (a, b) is
(a) xy (b) xy2 (c) x3y3 (d) x2y2
15. If two positive integers p and q can be expressed as p = ab and q = a3b; a, b being prime
2

numbers, then LCM (p, q) is

(a) ab (b) a2b2 (c) a3b2 (d) a3b3

Direction: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement

of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Q.1. Assertion: The H.C.F. of two numbers is 16 and their product is 3072. Then their L.C.M. =
162.
Reason: If a and b are two positive integers, then H.C.F. × L.C.M. = a × b.

Q.2. Assertion: Denominator of 34.12345. When expressed in the form p/q, q ≠ 0, is of the
form
2m × 5n, where m and n are non-negative integers.
Reason: 34.12345 is a terminating decimal fraction.

Q.3. Assertion: A number N when divided by 15 gives the remainder 2. Then the remainder is
same when N is divided by 5.
Reason: √3 is an irrational number.

Q.4. Assertion: 2 is an example of a rational number.

Reason: The square roots of all positive integers are irrational numbers.

Q.5. Assertion: For any two positive integers p and q, HCF (p, q) × LCM (p, q) = p × q
Reason: If the HCF of two numbers is 5 and their product is 150, then their LCM is 40.

Direction: In the following questions, short answer of 2 marks each

Q.1. Find the largest number that will divide 398, 436 and 542 leaving remainders 7, 11, and
15 respectively.
Q 2. Express 98 as a product of its primes.

Q 3. Zoe and Sam are racing on a circular track. If Zoe takes 48 minutes and Sam takes 80
minutes to complete the round. If they both start at the same point at the same time and go
in same direction, after how many minutes will they meet again at the start point?

Q.4. Mitchell and Courtney are racing on a circular track. If Mitchell takes 36 minutes and
Courtney takes 24 minutes to complete the round. If they both start at the same point at
the same time and go in same direction, then they will meet again at the start point after
how many minutes.

Q 5. In a seminar, the number of participants in German, English and French are 130, 130
and 286 respectively. Find the numbers of rooms required to house them if in each room,
the same number of participants are to be accommodated and all of them must belong to
the same language

Q 6. If the HCF of 408 and 1032 is expressible in the form 1032 × 2 + 408 × p, then find the
value of p.

Q 7. HCF and LCM of two numbers is 9 and 459 respectively. If one of the numbers is 27,
find the other number

Q 8. Find HCF and LCM of 13 and 17 by prime factorisation method

Q 9. Find LCM of numbers whose prime factorisation are expressible as 3 × 5 2 and 32 × 72.

Q 10. Find the LCM of 96 and 360 by using fundamental theorem of arithmetic.

Direction: In the following questions, short answer of 3 marks each

1. Karan has 180 blue marbles and 150 red marbles. He wants to pack them into packets
containing equal number of marbles of the same colour. What is the maximum number of
marbles that each packet can hold?

2. Find the largest number that will divide 382 and 710 and leaves a remainder 13 in each
case.

3. What is the largest number that divides 437, 732, and 1263 leaving remainder of 24 in
each case?

4. What is the largest number that divides 967 and 1767 leaving remainders of 71 and 103
respectively?
5. What is the largest number that divides 170, 220, and 420 leaving remainder 8, 4 and 15
respectively?

6. Find the LCM and HCF of the following :

25 × 54 × 72 × 136 and 23 × 56 × 7 × 173.

7. Prove that 2-3√5 is an irrational number

8. The LCM of two numbers is 14 times their HCF. The sum of LCM and HCF is 600. If one
number is 280, then find the other number.

9. An army contingent of 1000 members is to march behind an army band of 56 members in

a parade. The two groups are to march in the same number of columns. What is the
maximum number of columns in which they can march?
10. Three bells toll at intervals of 12 minutes, 15 minutes and 18 minutes respectively. If
they start tolling together, after what time will they next toll together?

Long Answer Type Question

1. Find HCF of 378,180 and 420 by prime factorisation method. Is HCF x LCM of three
numbers equal to the product of the three numbers?

2. The Muscle Gym has bought 63 treadmills and 108 elliptical machines. The gym divides
them into several identical sets of treadmills and elliptical machines for its branches located
throughout the city, with no exercise equipment left over. What is the greatest number of
branches the gym can have in the city?

3. Katya has 49 paintings and 35 medals. She wants to display them in groups throughout
her house, each with the same combination of paintings and medals, with none left over.
What is the greatest number of groups Katya can display?

4. Anish goes fishing every 5th day and Balaji goes fishing every 7th day. If Anish and Balaji
both went fishing today, how many days until they will go fishing on the same day again?

5.Tamanna is arranging black marbles in groups of 13 and purple marbles in groups of 25. If
she has the same number of black and purple marbles, what is the smallest number of
marbles of each colour that she could have?

CASE STUDY QUESTION

The department of Computer Science and Technology is conducting an International

Seminar. In the seminar, the number of participants in Mathematics, Science and Computer
Science are 60, 84 and 108 respectively. The coordinator has made the arrangement such
that in each room, the same number of participants are to be seated and all of them being
in the same subject. Also, they allotted the separate room for all theofficial other than
participants.

(i) Find the total number of participants.

(a) 60 (b) 84 (c) 108 (d) none of these

(ii) Find the LCM of 60, 84 and 108.

(a) 12 (b) 504 (c) 544320 (d) 3780

(iii) Find the HCF of 60, 84 and 108.

(iv) Find the minimum number of rooms required, if in each room, the same number of
participants are to be seated and all of them being in the same subject.
(a) 12 (b) 20 (c) 21 (d) none of these

(v) Based on the above (iv) conditions, find the minimum number of rooms required for all
the participants and officials.
(a) 12 (b) 20 (c) 21 (d) none of these

Answers of MCQ Questions

1. (B) 6 2. (B) LCM=P5 Q5 HCF 3. (B) X=21; Y=84 4. (C) 132 5. (C) 7 m
6. (C) 13 m/min 7. (B) 1 8. (D) 78 & 13 or 26 & 39 9. (D) 51 & 34 10. (C) 5
11. (D) 12 12. (A) 13 13. (B) 2 14. (B) XY 2 15. (C) A3 B2

Answers of Assertion and Reasoning Questions

1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. C

Answers of short Questions of 2 marks each

1. 17 2. 2 x 72 3. 240 mins 4. 72 mins 5. 26
6. -5 7. 153 8. HCF=1 ; LCM= 221 9. 3 2 x 52 x 72 10. 1440

Answers of short Questions of 3 marks each

1. 30 2. 41 3. 59 4. 128 5. 27 6. LCM=25 x 56 x 72 x 136 x 173 ; HCF =
3 4
2 x5 x7
7. Irrational 8. 320 9. 8 10. 90 mins

Answers of long Questions of 3 marks each

1. 6 ; YES 2. 9 3. 7 4. 35 5. 325

Answers of CASE STUDY QUESTION

1. 252 2. 3780 3. 12 4. 21 5. 22

CHAPTER 2 POLYNOMIAL

• “Polynomial” comes from the word ‘Poly’ (Meaning Many) and ‘nomial’ (in this case
meaning Term)-so it means many terms.

• A polynomial is made up of terms that are only added, subtracted or multiplied.

• A quadratic polynomial in x with real coefficients is of the form ax² + bx + c, where a,

b, c are real numbers with a ≠ 0.

• Degree – The highest exponent of the variable in the polynomial is called the degree
of polynomial. Example: 3x3 + 4, here degree = 3.

• Polynomials of degrees 1, 2 and 3 are called linear, quadratic and cubic polynomial
respectively.

• A polynomial can have terms which have Constants like 3, -20, etc., Variables like x
and y and Exponents like 2 in y².

• These can be combined using addition, subtraction and multiplication but NOT
DIVISION.

• The zeroes of a polynomial p(x) are precisely the x-coordinates of the points, where
the graph of y = p(x) intersects the x-axis.

If α and β are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial ax² + bx + c, then

sum of zeros, α+β = −b/a = −coefficient of x / coefficient of x2
product of zeros, αβ = c/a = constant term / coefficient of x2

If α, β, γ are the zeroes of the cubic polynomial ax 3 + bx2 + cx + d = 0, then

α+β+γ = −b/a = −coefficient of x2 coefficient of x3
αβ+βγ+γα = c/a = coefficient of x / coefficient of x3
αβγ = −d / a = −constant term / coefficient of x3

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ZEROES & COEFFICIENTS OF POLYNOMIALS

Type of General Form No. Relationship between zeroes and coefficients

Polynomial of
Zeros
Linear ax + b, a ≠ 0 1 K = –b/a , ie, k = Constant term / Coefficient of x
Quadratic ax2 + bx + c, a ≠ 0 2 Sum of zeroes (α + β ) = Coefficient of x / Coefficient
of x 2 = - b / a
Product of zeroes (α * β ) = constant term /
Coefficient of x 2 = c / a

Cubic ax3 + bx2 + cx + d , a ≠ 3 Sum of zeroes(α + β + γ ) = = - b / a

0 Product of sum of zeroes taken two at a time (α β + β
γ + γ α ) = Coefficient of x / Coefficient of x 3 = c / a
Product of zeroes (α * β * γ ) = - constant term /
Coefficient of x 3 = - d / a

A quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are α and β is given by p(x) = x 2 - (α + β ) x + α * β

i.e. x2 – (Sum of zeroes)x + (Product of zeroes)

A cubic polynomial whose zeroes are α , β and γ is given by p(x) = x 3 + ( α + β + γ) x2 +( α β

+ β γ + γ α)x - α * β * γ

(MCQ)

1. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 + 7x + 10 are

(a) -4, -3 (b) 2, 5 (c) -2, -5 (d) -2, 5

2. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 - 27 are

(a) +3√3 ,- 3√3 (b) 3 , 3 (c) 9 ,9 (d) +√3 , - √3

3. A quadratic polynomial can have at most ______ zeroes.

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) infinite

4. A quadratic polynomial, whose zeroes are -2 and 4, is

(a) x² – 2x + 8 (b) x2+ 2x + 8 (c) x2– 2x- 8 (d) 2x2+ 2x-24

5. The number of polynomials having zeroes as -2 and 5 is

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) more than 3

6. The sum and the product of the zeroes of polynomial 6x 2 – 5 respectively are

(a) 0, (-6)/5 (b) 0, 6/5 (c) 0, 5/6 (d) 0, ( -5)/6

7. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x 2 + kx + k where k ≠ 0,

(a) cannot both be positive (b) cannot both be negative

(c) are always unequal (d) are always equal

8 If the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial ax²+ bx+ c, where c≠0, are equal, then

(a) c and a have opposite signs (b) c and b have opposite signs

(c) c and a have same signs (d) c and b have the same signs

9. If one of the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial of the form x²+ ax + b is the negative of
the other, then it

(a) has no linear term and the constant term is negative

(b) has no linear term and the constant term is positive

(c) can have a linear term but the constant term is negative

(d) can have a linear term but the constant term is positive

10. If one zero of the quadratic polynomial x² + 3x + k is 2, then the value of k is

(a) 10 (b) -10 (c) 5 (d) -5

11. If one zero of the quadratic polynomial x2 - 4x + 1 is 2 + √3, then the other zero is

(a) -2 + √3 (b) -√3 -2 (c) 2 - √3 (d) √3 + 1

12. If 2 is a zero of the polynomial p(x) = k x 2 +3 x + k, then the value of k is

(a) 5/6 (b) (-5)/6 (c) 6/5 (d) (-6)/5

13. If one of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial (k – 1) x2+ kx + 1 is – 3, then the value
of k is

(a) 4/3 (b) (-4)/3 (c) 2/3 (d) (-2)/3

14. If the sum of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial k x2 + 2x + 3k is equal to their
product, then k is equal to

(a) 1/3 (b) (-2)/3 (c) (-1)/3 (d) 2/3

15. If zeroes of p(x) = 2 x2 - 7x + k reciprocal of each other

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) -7

ASSERTION REASONING QUESTIONS

DIRECTION: In the following questions (Q1-10), a statement of assertion (A) is

followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:

(a) if both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).

(b)if both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).

(c)if Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.

(d)if Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

1. Assertion: x2 + 4x + 5 has two real zeroes.

Reason: A quadratic polynomial can have at the most two zeroes.

2. Assertion: y3 + 3y has only one real zero.

Reason: A polynomial of nth degree must have n real zeroes.

3. Assertion: The graph y = f(x) is shown in figure, for the polynomial f (x). The
number of zeros of f(x) is 3.

Reason: The number of zero of the polynomial f(x) is the number of

points of which f(x) cuts or touches the axes.

4. Assertion: Degree of a zero polynomial is not defined.

Reason: Degree of a non-zero constant polynomial is ‘0’.

5. Assertion: x2 + 11x + 30 has no real zeroes.

Reason: A quadratic polynomial can have at the most two zeroes.

6. Assertion: If the sum of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x 2 – 2kx + 8 is

2, then value of k is 1.
Reason: Sum of zeroes of a quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c is (-b)/a .
7. Assertion: A quadratic polynomial, sum of whose zeroes is 6 and their
product is 8 is x2 – 14x + 48. Reason: If 𝛼 and 𝛽 be the zeroes of the polynomial f(x), then
polynomial is given by f(x) = x2 ˗ (𝛼 + 𝛽) x + 𝛼𝛽.
8. Assertion: P(x) = 3x3 –2 x2 + 4x4 + x – 2 is a polynomial of degree 3.
 Reason: The highest power of x in the polynomial P(x) is the degree of the
polynomial.

9. Assertion: If the sum and product of zeroes of a quadratic polynomial are 3

and -2 respectively, then quadratic polynomial is x2 – 3x – 2.
Reason: If S is the sum of the zeroes and P is the product of the zeroes of a quadratic
polynomial, then the corresponding quadratic polynomial is x2 – +P .

10. Assertion: If ∝ and β are the zeroes of the polynomial x2 + 2x-15, then 1/∝ +
1/β is 2/15 .
Reason: If ∝ and β are the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c, then ∝ + β
is (-b)/a and ∝β = c/a

Short Answer Type Questions

1. If a fifth degree polynomial is divided by a quadratic polynomial, write the possible

degree of the quotient

2. What is the value of p(x) = x2 – 3x – 4 at x = –1?

3. For what value of k, (–4) is a zero of the polynomial x2 – x – (2k + 2)?

4. If 1 is a zero of the polynomial p(x) = ax2 – 3 (a – 1) x – 1, then find the value of a

5. If the sum of zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 3x2 – kx + 6 is 3, then find the
value of k ?

6. Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are –12 and 4 and verify the
relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients

7. If the sum of the zeroes of the polynomial p(x) = (k 2 – 14) x2 – 2x – 12 is 1, then

find the value of k.

8. Find the value of ‘k’ such that the quadratic polynomial 3x 2 + 2kx + x – k – 5 has
the sum of zeroes as half of their product.

9. Find the product of sum and product of zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 3x 2 +
5x – 2

10. Write a quadratic polynomial, sum of whose zeroes is and product is 5.

Short Answer - II Type Questions

 1. If the zeroes of the polynomial x2 + px + q are double in value to the zeroes of
2x2 – 5x – 3, find the value of p and q.
2. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 6x2 – 3 – 7x and verify the
relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients of the polynomial.
3. If α and β are zeroes of p(x) = kx 2 + 4x + 4, such that α2 + β2 = 24, find k.
4. If α and β are the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial x 2 + x – 2 then find the value

of

5. If the zeroes of the polynomial x2 + px + q are double in value to the zeroes of

2x2 - 5x - 3, find the value of p and q .
Case Study Questions

CASE STUDY 1:
The below picture are few natural examples of parabolic shape which is represented by a
quadratic polynomial. A parabolic arch is an arch in the shape of a parabola. In structures,
their curve represents an efficient method of load, and so can be found in bridges and in
architecture in a variety of forms.

1. In the standard form of quadratic polynomial, ax 2 + bx + c, what are a, b and c ?

2. If the roots of the quadratic polynomial are equal, what is the discriminant D ?
3. If α and 1/α are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 2x 2 – x + 8k, then find the
value of k ?

CASE STUDY 2:
Two friends Aryan and Om decided to go for a trekking. During summer vacation, they went
to Panchmarhi. While trekking they observed that the trekking path is in the shape of a
parabola. The mathematical representation of the track is shown in the graph.

Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

1. What are the zeroes of the polynomial whose graph is given?

2. What will be the expression of the given polynomial p(x)?

3. What is the product of the zeroes of the polynomial which represents the parabola?
4. In the standard form of quadratic polynomial, ax2 + bx + c, what are a, b, and c?

CASE STUDY 3:
Basketball and soccer are played with a spherical ball. Even though an athlete dribbles the
ball in both sports, a basketball player uses his hands and a soccer player uses his feet.
Usually, soccer is played outdoors on a large field and basketball is played indoor on a court
made out of wood. The projectile (path traced) of soccer ball and basketball are in the form
of parabola representing quadratic polynomial.

1. Which type the shape of the path traced shown in given figure?
2. Why the graph of parabola opens upwards,?
3. In the below graph, how many zeroes are there ?
CASE STUDY 4:
An asana is a body posture, originally and still a general term for a sitting meditation pose,
and later extended in hatha yoga and modern yoga as exercise, to any type of pose or
position, adding reclining, standing, inverted, twisting, and balancing poses. In the figure,
one can observe that poses can be related to representation of quadratic polynomial.

1. Which type the shape of the poses shown in figure?

2. In the graph, how many zeroes are there for the polynomial?

3. Write two zeroes in the above shown graph ?

CASE STUDY 5:

Priya and her husband Aman who is an architect by profession, visited France. They went to
see Mont Blanc Tunnel which is a highway tunnel between France and Italy, under the Mont
Blanc Mountain in the Alps, and has a parabolic cross-section. The mathematical
representation of the tunnel is shown in the graph.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

(1) What will be the expression of the polynomial given in diagram?

(2) What is the value of the polynomial. represented by the graph, when x = 4?
(3) If the tunnel is represented by -x2+3x-2. Then what is its zeroes ?
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------
Answer key (MCQs)
1. c 2. a 3. c 4. c 5. d 6. d 7. a 8. c 9. a 10. b
11. c 12. d 13. a 14. b 15. b

Answer key (Assertion Reasoning Questions)

1. d 2. c 3. c 4. b 5. d 6. a 7. d 8. d 9. a 10. a
Answer key (VSA)

1. -3/2 2. -3/5 3. 2X2-7X+3 4 x2+3x-2 5. 2,-1,3 . 6. 4 7. -8 8. -3/2 , 2 9.

not 10. -5

Answer key (SA)

1. 3 2. 0 3. 5 4. 1 5. 9 6. X2-8X-48 7. 4 8. 1 9. 10/3 10.

x2- x+5

Answer key (LA)

 1. p = -5, q = -6 2. 3/2, -1/2 3 -1 4. - 1 5. -5, -6

Answer key (Case Study Based Questions)

1 (i ) a is a non zero real number and b and c are any real numbers. (ii) D = 0
(iii) ¼

2 (i). -7 , 10 (ii). ) 𝑥 2 – 3𝑥 – 70 (iii). -70 (iv). a is a no zero real number, b

and c are any real numbers c
3 ( i) parabola (ii) a > 0 ( iii) 3 , 4

4 ( i) parabola (ii) 2 ( iii) -2 , 4 5 (i) -x2 + 6x + 16 (ii) 24 (iii)

1, 2

CHAPTER 3 LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

Multiple Choice Question

1. Graphically, the pair of equation

6x-3y+10=0
2x-y+9=0
Represents two lines which are
(A) Intersecting at exactly one point
(B) Intersecting at exactly two point
(C) Coincident
(D) Parallel
2. The pair of equation x+2y+5=0 and -3x-6y+1=0 have :
(A) A unique solution
(B) Exactly two solutions
(C) Infinitely many solutions
(D) No Solution
3. If a pair of linear equations is consistent, then the lines will be:
(A) Parallel
(B) Always coincident
(C) Intersecting or coincident
(D) Always interesting
4. The pair of equation x=a and y=b graphically represents lines which are:
(A) Parallel
(B) Intersecting at (b,a)
(C) Coincident
(D) Intersecting at (a,b)
5. The pair of equation y=0 and y=-7 has:
 (A) One solution
(B) Two solution
(C) Infinitely many solution
(D) No solution
6. One equation of a pair of dependent linear equations is -5x+7y=2. The second
equation can be:
(A) 10x+14y+4=0
(B) -10x-14y+4=0
(C) -10x+14y+4=0
(D) 10x-14y = -4
7. For what value of k, do the equations 3x-y+8=0 and 6x-ky=-16 represents coincident
lines?
1
(A)
2
−1
(B)
2
(C) 2
(D) -2
8. If the lines given by 3x+2y=2 and 2x+5y+1=0 are parallel, then the value of k is
−5
(A) 4
2
(B) 5
15
(C) 4
3
(D) 2
9. A pair of linear equation which has a unique solution x=2, y=-3 is
(A) x+y=-1 and 2x-3y=-5
(B) 2x+5y=-11 and 4x+10y=-22
(C) 2x-y=1 and 3x+2y=0
(D) X-4y-14=0 and x-y-13=0
10. Aruna has only ₹1 and ₹2 coins with her. If the total number of coins that she has is
50 and the amount of money with her is ₹75, then the number of ₹1 and ₹2 coins
are, respectively
(A) 35 and 15
(B) 35 and 20
(C) 15 and 35
(D) 25 and 25
11. The father’s age is six times his son’s age. Four years hence, the age of the father will
be four times his son’s age. The present ages, in years, of the son and the father are,
respectively:
(A) 4 and 24
(B) 5 and 30
(C) 6 and 36
(D) 3 and 24
12. If x=a, y=b is the solution of the equations x-y=2 and x+y=4, then the values of a and
b are, respectively
 (A) 3 and 5
(B) 5 and 3
(C) 3 and 1
(D) -1 and 3
13. The larger of the two supplementary angles exceed the smaller by 18°, then the
angles are:
(A) 99°, 81°
(B) 98°, 82°
(C) 97°, 83°
(D) None of these.
14. x and y are 2 different digits. If the sum of the two digit numbers formed by using
both the digits is a perfect square, then value of x +y is
(a) 10 (b) 11 (c) 12 (d) 13

15. In a number of two digits, unit’s digit is twice the tens digit. If 36 be added to the
number, the digits are reversed. The number is
(a) 36 (b) 63 (c) 48 (d) 84
Answer Key
1. d 2. d 3. c 4.d 5. d 6. d 7.c 8.c 9.b
and d

10. d 11. c 12.c 13.a 14. b 15. c

Assertion and Reason Based MCQ

Direction: In the following questions, A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a

statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as.

(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(B) Both A and R are true but R is the NOT the correct explanation of A
(C) A is true but R is false
(D) A is false and R is True

1. Assertion (A): If the pair of linear equations 3x+y=3 and 6x+ky =8 does not have a
solution, then the value of k=2.
Reason (R): If the pair of linear equations x+y-4=0 and 2x+ky =3 does not have a
solution, then the value of k=2.
Ans: Option B
2. Assertion (A): For all real values of c, the pair of equation x-2y=8 and 5x-10y=c have
a unique solution.
Reason (R): Two lines are given to be parallel. The equation of one of the lines is
4x+3y=14, 12x+9y=5

Ans: Option D
3. Assertion (A): If the equation 3x-y+8=0 and 6x-ky =-16 represents coincident lines,
then the value of k=2.
Reason (R): If the lines given by 3x+2ky=2 and 2x+5y+1 =0 are parallel, then the
value of k=12.

Ans
:
Opt
ion
C
4. Assertion (A): If 4 chairs and 3 tables cost ₹2100 and 5 chairs and 2 tables cost ₹1750
, then the cost of 1 chair is ₹150.
Reason (R): Sum of the ages of a father and the son is 40 years. If father’s age is 3
times that of his son, then the son’s age is 12 years.
Ans
: Option
C
19
5. Assertion (A): The solution of the pair of linear equations x+y=5 and 2x-3y =4 is x=
5
6
and y=5
Reason (R): The solution of the pair of linear equations 3x+4y=10 and 2x-2y=2 is x=2
and y=1.
Ans
:
Option B

2 Mark Question
1. Given the linear equation 3x+4y = 9. Write another linear equation in these two
variables such that the geometrical representation of the pair so formed is:
(1) intersecting lines (2) coincident lines.
2. For what value of p does the pair of linear equations given below has unique
solution?
4 x+ py +8 = 0 and 2 x+2 y + 2 =0 .
3. Is the system of linear equations 2 x+3 y − 9 =0 and 4 x+6 y − 18 =0 consistent?
Justify your answer.
4. Two lines are given to be parallel. The equation of one of the lines is 4x + 3y = 14,
then find the equation of the second line.
 5. Find the value(s) of k for which the pair of linear equations kx + y = k 2 and x + ky = 1
have infinitely many solutions.
Answers
1. One of the possible equation 3x-5y=10
One of the possible equation 6x+8y=18
2. p≠4
3. Consistent
4. One of the possible solution 12x+9y=5
5. K=1 or k= -1
3 Mark Question
1. Solve graphically: 2x − 3y + 13 = 0; 3x − 2y + 12 = 0
2. Find the value of k for which the following pair of equations has no solution :
x + 2y = 3, (k-1)x+(k+1)y=(k+2)
3. Solve x + y = 5 and 2x − 3y = 4 by elimination method and the substitution method.
4. Draw the graph of the following equations:
2x - y = 1, x + 2y = 13 ,Find the solution of the equations from the graph and shade
the triangular region formed by the lines and the y -axis.
5. Solve the following pair of linear equations graphically: x - y = 1, 2x + y = 8. Also find
the co-ordinates of the points where the lines represented by the above equation
intersect y - axis.
6. In Figure, ABCD is a rectangle. Find the values of x and y

7. In Figure, ABCD is a rectangle. Find the values of x and y

8. Half the perimeter of a rectangular garden, whose length is 4 m more then its width,
is 36 m. Find the dimensions of garden.
9. Determine graphically whether the following pair of linear equations :
3x - y = 7
2x + 5y + 1 = 0 has : unique solution infinitely many solutions or no solution.
10. Solve : 99x + 101y = 499, 101x + 99y = 501
Answers
1. X= -2 and y=3 2.K=3 3.X=19/5 and y=6/5 4.Draw the graph 5.Draw the graph
6.X=22 and y=8 7.X=19 and y=3 8.Length =20m and width =16m 9.Unique solution
10.X=2 , y=3

5 Mark Question
1. 2 man and 7 boys can do a piece of work in 4 days. It is done by 4 men and 4 boys in
3 days. How long would it take for one man or one boy to do it ?
Ans:15 days
9
2. A fraction become if 2 is added to both numerator and denominator. If 3 is
11
5
added to both numerator and denominator it becomes . find the fraction.
6
7
Ans : 9

3. The ratio of incomes of two persons is 11:7 and the ratio of their expenditures is 9:5.
If each of them manages to save Rs 400 per month, find their monthly incomes.
Ans: 2200 and1400
4. Solve the following pair of equations graphically: 2x + 3y = 12, x − y − 1 = 0. Shade the
region between the two lines represented by the above equations and the X -axis.

5. A chemist has one solution which is 50% acid and a second which is 25% acid. How
much of each should be mixed to make 10 litre of 40% acid solution.
Ans:x=6 ,y=4

Case Based Questions

1. Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the
same:
It is common that governments revise travel fares from time to time based on
various factors such as inflation (a general increase in prices and fall in the
purchasing value of money) on different types of vehicles like auto, Rickshaws, taxis,
Radio cab etc. The auto charges in a city comprise of a fixed charge together with the
charge for the distance covered. Study the following situations.
Name of the city Distance travelled Amount paid
(km) (₹)

City A 10 75

15 110

City B 8 9

14 145

SITUATION 1: In a city A, for a journey of 10 km, the charge paid is ₹75 and for a
journey of 15 km, the charge paid is ₹110.

SITUATION 2: In a city B, for a journey of 8 km, the charge paid is ₹91 and for a
journey of 14 km, the charge paid is ₹145.
 REFER SITUATION 1
Q.1 If the fixed charges of auto rickshaw be ₹ x and the running charges be ₹ y
km/hr. then write the pair of linear equation representing the situation is
……………………….
Q.2 A person travels a distance of 50 km. find the amount paid by
Him…………………………….

REFER SITUATION 2
Q.3 What will a person have to pay for travelling a distance of 30 km?
Q.4 The graph of lines representing the conditions are …..

2. Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the
same:
Place A and B are 100 km apart on a highway. One car starts from A and another
form B at the same time. If the cars travel in the same direction at different speeds,
they meet in 5 hours. If they travel towards each other, they meet in 1 hour.
Q.1 Assuming that the speed of first car and second car be u km/h and v km/h
respectively. What is the relative speed of both cars while they are travelling in the
same direction?
Q.2 What is the relative speed of both cars while they are travelling towards each
other?
Q.3 What is the actual speed of the car?
Q.4 What is the actual speed of the other car?

3. Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the
same:
John and Jivanti are playing with the marbles in the playground. They together have
45 marbles and John has 15 marbles more than Jivanti.
Q.1 The number of marbles Jivanti had……………
Q.2 The number of marbles John had………………
Q.3 If 45 is replaced by 55 in the above case discussed in the question, then the
number of marbles Jivanti have……………..
Q.4 According to Question 3, the number of marbles John have:

4. Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the
same:
TOWER OF PISA : To prove that objects of different weights fall at the same rate,
Galileo dropped two objects with different weights from the Leaning Tower of Pisa in
Italy. The objects hit the ground at the same time. An object dropped off the top of
Leaning Tower of Pisa falls vertically with constant acceleration. If s is the distance of
the object above the ground (in feet) t seconds after its release, then s and t are
related by an equation of the form s = a + bt2 where a and b are constants. Suppose
 the object is 180 feet above the ground 1 second after its release and 132 feet above
the ground 2 seconds after its release.

(i) Find the constants a and b .

(ii) How high is the Leaning Tower of Pisa?
(iii) How long does the object fall?

5. Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the
same:
Architect : An architect is a skilled professional who plans and designs buildings and
generally plays a key role in their construction. Architects are highly trained in the art
and science of building design. Since they bear responsibility for the safety of their
buildings’ occupants, architects must be professionally licensed.

Varsha is a licensed architect and design very innovative house. She has made a
house layout for her client which is given below. In the layout, the design and
measurements has been made such that area of two bedrooms and kitchen together
is 95 sq. m.
 (i)Which pair of linear equations does describe this situation?
(ii) What is the length of the outer boundary of the layout?
(iii) What is the area of bedroom 1 ?
(iv) What is the area of living room in the layout?
(v) What is the cost of laying tiles in Kitchen at the rate of Rs. 50 per sq.

Answers
Case study 1
i. X+10y=75, x+15y=75
ii. Rs. 355
iii. Rs. 289
iv. Draw graph
Case study 2
i. (u-v)km/h
ii. (u+v)km/h
iii. 60km/h
iv. 40km/h
Case study 3
i. 15
ii. 30
iii. 20
iv. 35
Case study 4
i. a=196 , b=-16
ii. 196 feet
iii. 3.5 sec
Case study 5

i. 2x+y=19 and x+y=13

ii. 54m
iii. Area of bedroom=30sq.m Area of kitchen=35sq.m
iv. 75 sq.m
v. Rs. 1750
vi.
 Chapter 6 TRIANGLES

MCQs
Q.1 In the given figure, 𝐸 ∥ 𝐵𝐶 . The value of EC is

(A) 1.5cm (B) 3cm (C) 2cm (D) 1cm

Q.2 In the given figure, x is

𝑎𝑏 𝑎𝑐 𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑐
(A) 𝑎+𝑏 (B) 𝑏+𝑐 (C) 𝑏+𝑐 (D) 𝑎+𝑐
Q.3 Two poles of height 6 m and 11 m stand vertically upright on a plane ground. If the
length of shadow of smaller pole is 12 m, then length of shadow of bigger pole.
(A) 22 m (B) 14 m (C) 13 m (D) 11 m
Q.4 It is given that, ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐸𝐷𝐹 such that AB = 5 cm, AC = 7 cm, DF = 15 cm and DE =
12 cm then the sum of the remaining sides of the triangles is
(A) 23.05 cm (B) 16.8 cm (C) 6.25 cm (D) 24 cm
Q.5 The perimeters of two similar triangles are 25 cm and 15 cm respectively. If one side
of the first triangle is 9 cm, then the corresponding side of second triangle is .
(A) 5.4 cm (B) 6.8 cm (C) 2.5 cm (D) 4 cm
Q.6 If ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐸𝐷𝐹 and ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 is not similar to ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹, then which of the following is
not true?
(A) 𝐵𝐶 × 𝐸𝐹 = 𝐴𝐶 × 𝐹𝐷 (B) 𝐴𝐵 × 𝐸𝐹 = 𝐴𝐶 × 𝐷𝐸
(C) 𝐵𝐶 × 𝐷𝐸 = 𝐴𝐵 × 𝐸𝐹 (D) 𝐵𝐶 × 𝐷𝐸 = 𝐴𝐵 × 𝐹𝐷
Q.7 D and E are respectively the points on sides AB and AC of triangle ABC such that
AB=3cm, BD = 1.5cm, BC = 7.5cm and 𝐷𝐸 ∥ 𝐵𝐶. Then length of DE is
(A) 2cm (B) 2.5 cm (C) 3.75 cm (D) 3cm
Q.8 If ΔABC and ΔDEF are similar triangles such that ∠A = 57° and ∠E = 83°.
Find ∠C.
 (A) 33⁰ (B) 30⁰ (C) 40⁰ (D) 83⁰
Q.9 In ΔABC, DE || BC and AD = 4cm, AB = 9cm. AC = 13.5 cm then the value of EC is

(A) 6 cm (B) 7.5 cm (C) 9 cm (D) none of these

Q.10 D and E are points on the sides AB and AC respectively of a ΔABC such that
DE ∥ BC. Find the value of x when AD = x cm, DB = (x − 2) cm, AE = (x + 2) cm
and EC = (x − 1) cm.
(A) 2 cm (B) 3 cm (C) 4 cm (D) none of the above
Q.11 In the adjoining figure, ABCD is a trapezium in which CD ∥ AB and its diagonals
intersect at O. If AO = (2x + 1) cm, OC = (5x – 7) cm, DO = (7x − 5) cm and OB = (7x +
1) cm, find the value of x.
(A) 2 cm (B) 3 cm (C) 4 cm (D) none of the above
Q.12 ΔABC is such that AB = 3 cm, BC = 2 cm and CA = 2.5 cm. If ΔDEF ∼ ΔABC and
FE = 4 cm, then find the perimeter of ΔDEF.
(A) 12 cm (B) 13 cm (C) 14 cm (D) 15 cm
Q.13 A street light bulb is fixed on a pole 6 m above the level of the street. If a woman of
height 1.5 m casts a shadow of 3 m, find how far she is away from the base of the
pole.
(A) 12 m (B) 10 m (C) 9 m (D) 11 m
Q.14 A 15 metres high tower casts a shadow 24 meters long at a certain time and at the
same time, a telephone pole casts a shadow 16 meters long. Find the height of the
telephone pole.
(A) 12 m (B) 10 m (C) 9 m (D) 11 m
Q.15 ABCD is a trapezium in which 𝐴𝐵 ∥ 𝐷𝐶 and P and Q are points on AD and BC,
respectively such that 𝑄 ∥ 𝐷𝐶 . If PD = 18 cm, BQ = 35 cm and QC = 15 cm, find AD.
(A) 20 cm (B) 40 cm (C) 60 cm (D) 80 cm
Q.16 If ΔABC ∼ ΔDEF, AB = 4 cm, DE = 6 cm. EF = 9 cm and FD =12 cm, find the
perimeter of ΔABC.
(A) 12 cm (B) 14 cm (C) 16 cm (D) 18 cm
Q.17 In the given figure, if ∠ADE = ∠B, AD = 3.8 cm, AE = 3.6 cm, BE = 2.1 cm and BC = 4.2
cm, find DE.
(A) 2 cm (B) 2.5 cm (C) 2.8 cm (D) 3 cm
Q.18 The perimeters of two similar triangles ABC and PQR are 32 cm and 24 cm
respectively. If PQ = 12 cm. find AB.
(A) 12 cm (B) 14 cm (C) 16 cm (D) 18 cm
Q.19 In the given figure, ∠CAB = 90°, AD ⊥ BC, AC = 75 cm, AB = 1 m and BC = 1.25 m,
find AD.
(A) 20 cm (B) 40 cm (C) 60 cm (D) 80 cm
Q.20 A vertical stick of length 7.5 m casts a shadow 5 m long on the ground and at the
 same time a tower casts a shadow 24 m long. Find the height of the tower.
(A) 20 m (B) 40 m (C) 60 m (D) none of these
Q.1 A: Assertion: A line drawn parallel to any one side of a triangle intersects the other
two sides proportionally.
R: Reason: Parallel lines cannot be drawn to any one side of a triangle.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct reason of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct reason of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Q.2 E and F are the points on the sides PQ and PR respectively of a triangle PQR. PE = 4
cm, QE = 4.5 cm, PF = 8 cm and RF = 9 cm.
A: Assertion: EF is not parallel to QR
R: Reason: In a triangle if two sides are divided proportionally by a line then the line
is parallel to the third side.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct reason of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct reason of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Q.3 A: Assertion: If two angles of any triangle are equal to the corresponding two
angles of another triangle then the third angles are not necessarily equal.
R: Reason: The sum of three angles of any triangle is equal to 180°
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct reason of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct reason of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Q.4 A: Assertion: If any two sides of a triangle are proportional to corresponding two
sides of another triangle and the included angles are equal then the triangles are
similar by SAS similarity criterion.
R: Reason: If the equal angles are not included between the proportional sides,
then SAS criterion will be void.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct reason of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct reason of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

SA TYPE – I (2 Marks)
Q.1 In Figure, 𝐸 ∥ 𝐵𝐶 . Find the length of side AD, given that AE = 1.8 cm, BD = 7.2 cm
and CE = 5.4 cm.
Q.2 In the given figure, 𝐸 ∥ 𝐵𝐶 . What is the value of EC?

Q.3 What is the value of x in given figure?

Q.4 Two triangles are similar if their corresponding sides are_______________

Q.5 In ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶, 𝐷𝐸 ∥ 𝐵𝐶, find the value of x.

Q.6 In the given figure, if ∠𝐴 = 900 , ∠𝐵 = 900, OB = 4.5cm OA = 6 cm and AP = 4 cm

 then find QB.

Q.7 𝐴𝑋 3
In ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 , if X and Y are points on AB and AC respectively such that , =
𝑋𝐵 4
AY = 5 and YC = 9, then state whether XY and BC parallel or not.
Q.8 Are two triangles with equal corresponding sides always similar?
Q.9 If ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹 such that 2AB = DE and BC = 8 cm then find EF.
Q.10 𝐾𝑃 4
In the figure, PQ is parallel to MN. If 𝑃𝑀 = 13 and KN = 20.4 cm then find KQ.

Q.11 If a line intersects sides AB and AC of a ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 at D and E respectively and is parallel
𝐴𝐷 𝐴𝐸
to BC, prove that 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐴𝐶

Q.12 If a line intersects sides AB and AC of a ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 at D and E respectively and is parallel
𝐵𝐷 𝐶𝐸
to BC, prove that 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐴𝐶
Q.13 In Figure, DE || BC. Find EC.

Q.14 In Figure, DE || BC. Find AD.

Q.15 E and F are points on the sides PQ and PR respectively of a ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅. If PE = 3.9 cm, EQ
= 3 cm, PF = 3.6 cm and FR = 2.4 cm. State whether EF || QR.
Q.16 E and F are points on the sides PQ and PR respectively of a ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅. If PE = 4 cm, QE =
4.5 cm, PF = 8 cm and RF = 9 cm. State whether EF || QR.
Q.17 E and F are points on the sides PQ and PR respectively of a ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅. If PQ = 1.28 cm,
PR = 2.56 cm, PE = 0.18 cm and PF = 0.36 cm. State whether EF || QR.
Q.18 In Figure, if 𝑃𝑄 ∥ 𝑅𝑆 , prove that ∆𝑃𝑂𝑄~∆𝑆𝑂𝑅.
Q.19 Observe Figure and then find ∠𝑃.

Q.20 Check the similarity of triangles. Write the similarity statement and criterion used.

Q.21 Check the similarity of triangles. Write the similarity statement and criterion used.

Q.22 Check the similarity of triangles. Write the similarity statement and criterion used.

Q.23 Check the similarity of triangles. Write the similarity statement and criterion used.
Q.24 Check the similarity of triangles. Write the similarity statement and criterion used.

Q.25 Check the similarity of triangles. Write the similarity statement and criterion used.

Q.26 In Figure, ∆𝑂𝐷𝐶~𝑂𝐵𝐴, ∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 = 1250 and ∠𝐶𝐷𝑂 = 700. Find ∠𝐷𝑂𝐶, ∠𝐷𝐶𝑂 and
∠𝑂𝐴𝐵.

Q.27 Diagonals AC and BD of a trapezium ABCD with 𝐴𝐵 ∥ 𝐷𝐶 intersect each other at the
𝑂𝐴 𝑂𝐵
point O. Using a similarity criterion for two triangles, show that 𝑂𝐶 = 𝑂𝐷.
Q.28 S and T are points on sides PR and QR of ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅 such that ∠𝑃 = ∠𝑅𝑇𝑆.Show that
∆𝑅𝑃𝑄~∆𝑅𝑇𝑆.
Q.29 E is a point on the side AD produced of a parallelogram ABCD and BE intersects CD
at F. Show that ∆𝐴𝐵𝐸~𝐶𝐹𝐵.
Q.30 In Figure, E is a point on side CB produced of an isosceles triangle ABC with AB = AC.
If 𝐴𝐷 ⊥ 𝐵𝐶 and 𝐸𝐹 ⊥ 𝐴𝐶, prove that ∆𝐴𝐵𝐷~𝐸𝐶𝐹.
Q.31 In Figure, ABC and AMP are two right triangles, right angled at B and M
respectively. Prove that:

(i) ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐴𝑀𝑃
𝐶𝐴 𝐵𝐶
(ii) 𝑃𝐴 = 𝑀𝑃

SA TYPE – II (3 Marks)
Q.1 ABCD is a trapezium with𝐴𝐵 ∥ 𝐶𝐷. E and F are points on non-parallel sides AD and
𝐴𝐸 𝐵𝐹
BC respectively such that EF is parallel to AB . Show that 𝐸𝐷 = 𝐶𝐹

𝑃𝑆 𝑃𝑇
Q.2 In Figure 𝑆𝑄 = 𝑇𝑅 and ∠𝑃𝑆𝑇 = ∠𝑃𝑅𝑄. Prove that PQR is an isosceles triangle.

Q.3 𝐴𝑀 𝐴𝑁
In Figure, if 𝐿𝑀 ∥ 𝐵𝐶 and 𝑁 ∥ 𝐶𝐷 , prove that 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐴𝐷 .

Q.4 𝐵𝐹 𝐵𝐸
In Figure, if 𝐷𝐸 ∥ 𝐴𝐶 and 𝐷𝐹 ∥ 𝐴𝐸. Prove that 𝐹𝐸 = 𝐸𝐶
Q.5 In Figure, if 𝐷𝐸 ∥ 𝑂𝑄 and 𝐷𝐹 ∥ 𝑂𝑅. Show that 𝐸𝐹 ∥ 𝑄𝑅.

Q.6 In Figure, A, B and C are points on OP, OQ and OR respectively such that 𝐴𝐵 ∥ 𝑃𝑄
and 𝐴𝐶 ∥ 𝑃𝑅. Show that 𝐵𝐶 ∥ 𝑄𝑅.

Q.7 In Figure, OA . OB = OC . OD. Show that ∠𝐴 = ∠𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐵 = ∠𝐷.

𝑄𝑅 𝑄𝑇
Q.8 In Figure, 𝑄𝑆 = 𝑃𝑅 and ∠1 = ∠2. Show that ∆𝑃𝑄𝑆~∆𝑇𝑄𝑅.
Q.9 In Figure, if ∆𝐴𝐵𝐸 ≅ ∆𝐴𝐶𝐷 show that ∆𝐴𝐷𝐸~∆𝐴𝐵𝐶.

Q.10 CD and GH are respectively the bisectors of ∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 and ∠𝐸𝐺𝐹 such that D and H lie
on sides AB and FE of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 and ∆𝐸𝐹𝐺 respectively. If ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~𝐹𝐸𝐺 , show that:
(i) ∆𝐷𝐶𝐴~∆𝐻𝐺𝐹
𝐶𝐷 𝐴𝐶
(ii) 𝐺𝐻 = 𝐹𝐺
(iii) ∆𝐷𝐶𝐵~∆𝐻𝐺𝐸
Q.11 Sides AB and BC and median AD of a triangle ABC are respectively proportional
to sides PQ and QR and median PM of ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅 . Show that ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~𝑃𝑄𝑅.

Q.12 D is a point on the side BC of a triangle ABC such that ∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 = ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 . Show that
𝐶𝐴2 = 𝐶𝐵. 𝐶𝐷

LA TYPE (5 Marks)

Q.1 Using Basic Proportionality theorem, prove that a line drawn through the mid-point
of one side of a triangle parallel to another side bisects the third side.
Q.2 Using Basic Proportionality theorem, prove that the line joining the mid-points of
any two sides of a triangle is parallel to the third side.
Q.3 ABCD is a trapezium in which 𝐴𝐵 ∥ 𝐷𝐶 and its diagonals intersect each other at the
𝐴𝑂 𝐶𝑂
point O. Show that 𝐵𝑂 = 𝐷𝑂
Q.4 The diagonals of a quadrilateral ABCD intersect each other at the point O such that
𝐴𝑂 𝐶𝑂
= . Show that ABCD is a trapezium.
𝐵𝑂 𝐷𝑂
Q.5 A girl of height 90 cm is walking away from the base of a lamp-post at a speed of 1.2
m/s. If the lamp is 3.6 m above the ground, find the length of her shadow after 4
 seconds.

Q.6 In Figure, CM and RN are respectively the medians of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 and ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅.
If∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝑃𝑄𝑅 , prove that :

(i) ∆𝐴𝑀𝐶~∆𝑃𝑁𝑅
𝐶𝑀 𝐴𝐵
(ii) 𝑅𝑁 = 𝑃𝑄
(iii) ∆𝐶𝑀𝐵~∆𝑅𝑁𝑄

Q.7 In Figure, altitudes AD and CE of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 intersect each other at the point P. Show
that:

(i) ∆𝐴𝐸𝑃~∆𝐶𝐷𝑃
(ii) ∆𝐴𝐵𝐷~∆𝐶𝐵𝐸
(iii) ∆𝐴𝐸𝑃~∆𝐴𝐷𝐵
(iv) ∆𝑃𝐷𝐶~∆𝐵𝐸𝐶

Q.8 A vertical pole of length 6 m casts a shadow 4 m long on the ground and at the
same time a tower casts a shadow 28 m long. Find the height of the tower.
Q.9 Sides AB and AC and median AD of a triangle ABC are respectively proportional to
sides PQ and PR and median PM of another triangle PQR. Show that ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~𝑃𝑄𝑅.
Q.10 If AD and PM are medians of triangles ABC and PQR, respectively where
𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐷
∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝑃𝑄𝑅, prove that 𝑃𝑄 = 𝑃𝑀
Q.12 Prove that, If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other
two sides in distinct points, the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.

Case Study Based Questions

Q.1 Two poles, 30 feet and 50 feet tall, are 40 feet apart and perpendicular to the
 ground. The poles are supported by wires attached from the top of each pole to the
bottom of the other, as in the figure. A coupling is placed at C where the two wires
cross.

(a) What is the horizontal distance from C to the taller pole?

(b) How high above the ground is the coupling?
(c) How far down the wire from the smaller pole is the coupling ?
Q.2 Aakesh wanted to determine the height of a tree on the corner of his block. He
knew that a certain fence by the tree was 4 feet tall. At 3 PM, he measured the
shadow of the fence to be 2.5 feet tall. Then he measured the tree’s shadow to be
11.3 feet.
(i)What is the height of the tree?
(ii) What will be length of shadow of tree at 12:00 pm
(iii) Write the name triangle formed for this situation.

Q.3 Helicopter Patrolling: A helicopter is hovering over a crowd of people watching a

police standoff in a parking garage across the street. Stewart notices the shadow of
the helicopter is lagging approximately 57 m behind a point directly below the
helicopter. If he is 160 cm tall and casts a shadow of 38 cm at this time,
 (i) what is the altitude of the helicopter?
(ii) What will be length of shadow of Stewart at 12:00 pm
(iii) Write the name of triangles formed for this situation.
Q.4 Swimmer in Distress : A lifeguard located 20 metre from the water spots a
swimmer in distress. The swimmer is 30 metre from shore and 100 metre east of
the lifeguard. Suppose the lifeguard runs and then swims to the swimmer in a direct
line, as shown in the figure.

(i) How far east from his original position will he enter the water? (Hint: Find the
value of x in the sketch.)
(ii) Which similarity criterion of triangle is used?
(iii) What is the distance of swimmer from the shore?
Q.5 Statue of a Pineapple: The Big Pineapple is a heritage-listed tourist attraction at
Nambour Connection Road, Woombye, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland,
Australia. It was designed by Peddle Thorp and Harvey, Paul Luff, and Gary
Smallcombe and Associates. It is also known as Sunshine Plantation. It was added to
the Queensland Heritage Register on 6 March 2009.

Ishita last year

visited Nambour and wanted to find the height of a statue of a pineapple. She
measured the pineapple’s shadow and her own shadow. Her height is 156 cm and
casts a shadow of 39 cm. The length of shadow of pineapple is 4 m.
(i)What is the height of the pineapple?
(ii) What is the height Ishita in metres?
(iii) Write the type of triangles used to solve this problem.
(iv) Which similarity criterion of triangle is used?
Q.6 Rohan is very intelligent in maths. He always try to relate the concept of maths in
daily life. One day he is walking away from the base of a lamp post at a speed of 1
m/s. Lamp is 4.5 m above the ground.

(i) If after 2 second, length of shadow is 1 meter, what is the height of Rohan ?
(ii) What is the minimum time after which his shadow will become larger than his
original height?
(iii) What is the distance of Rohan from pole at this point ?
(iv) What will be the length of his shadow after 4 seconds?
(v) Which similarity criterion is used in solving the above problem
Q.7 The law of reflection states that when a ray of light reflects off a surface, the angle
of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
 Ramesh places a mirror on level ground to determine the height of a pole (with
traffic light fired on it). He stands at a certain distance so that he can see the top of
the pole
reflected from the mirror. Ramesh’s eye level is 1.5 m above the ground. The
distance of Ramesh and the pole from the mirror are 1.8 m and 6 m respectively.

(i) Which criterion of similarity is applicable to similar triangles?

(ii) What is the height of the pole?
(iii) If angle of incidence is i , find tan i .
(iv) Now Ramesh move behind such that distance between pole and Ramesh is 13
meters. He place mirror between him and pole to see the reflection of light in right
position. What is the distance between mirror and Ramesh ?
(v) What is the distance between mirror and pole?
Q.8 Tania is very intelligent in maths. She always try to relate the concept of maths in
daily life. One day she plans to cross a river and want to know how far it is to the
other side. She takes measurements on her side of the river and make the drawing
as shown below.
 (i) Which similarity criterion is used in solving the above problem ?
(ii) Consider the following statement:
𝑆1 : ∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 = ∠𝐷𝐶𝐸
𝑆2 : ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 = ∠𝐶𝐷𝐸
Which of the above statement is/are correct.
(a) 𝑆1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑆2 both (b) 𝑆1
(c) 𝑆2 (d) None
(iii) Consider the following statement:
𝐴𝐵 𝐶𝐴
𝑆3 : =
𝐷𝐸 𝐶𝐷

𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐵
𝑆4 : =
𝐶𝐸 𝐷𝐸

𝐶𝐴 𝐷𝐸
𝑆5 : =
𝐶𝐷 𝐴𝐵
Which of the above statements are correct ?
(a) 𝑆3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑆5 (b) 𝑆4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑆5
(c) 𝑆3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑆4 (d) All three
(iv) What is the distance x across the river?
(v) What is the approximate length of AD shown in the figure?

Q.9 Rani wants to make the curtains for her window as shown in the figure. The window
is in the shape of a rectangle, whose width and height are in the ratio 2 : 3 . The
area of the window is 9600 square cm.
 (i) What is the shape of the window that is uncovered?
(ii) What will be the ratio of two sides of each curtain (other than hypotenuse)?
(iii) What are the dimensions of the window?
(iv) What will be the perimeter of the window?
(v) How much window area is covered by the curtains?
Q.10 The centroid is the centre point of the object. It is also defined as the point of
intersection of all the three medians. The median is a line that joins the midpoint of
a side and the
opposite vertex of the triangle. The centroid of the triangle separates the median in
the ratio of 2 : 1. It can be found by taking the average of x- coordinate points and
y-coordinate points of all the vertices of the triangle. See the figure given below

Here D,E and F are mid points of sides BC , AC and AB in same order. G is centroid,
the centroid divides the median in the ratio 2 : 1 with the larger part towards the
vertex.
Thus AG :GD = 2 :1
On the basis of above information read the question below. If G is Centroid of
∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 with height h and J is centroid of ∆𝐴𝐷𝐸 . Line DE parallel to BC, cuts the
ℎ ℎ
∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 at a height 4 from BC. 𝐻𝐹 = 4
 (i) What is the length of AH?
(ii) What is the distance of point A from point G?
(iii) What is the distance of point A from point J?
(iv) What is the distance GJ?
Q.11 Vijay is trying to find the average height of a tower near his house. He is using the
properties of similar triangles. The height of Vijay’s house if 20m when Vijay’s house
casts a shadow 10m long on the ground. At the same time, the tower casts a
shadow 50m long on the ground and the house of Ajay casts 20m shadow on the
ground.

1. What is the height of the tower?

2. What will be the length of the shadow of the tower when Vijay’s house casts a
shadow of 12m?
3. What is the height of Ajay’s house?
4. When the tower casts a shadow of 40m, same time what will be the length of the
shadow of Ajay’s house?
5. When the tower casts a shadow of 40m, same time what will be the length of the
shadow of Vijay’s house?
Q.12 A scale drawing of an object is the same shape at the object but a different size. The
scale of a drawing is a comparison of the length used on a drawing to the length it
represents. The scale is written as a ratio. The ratio of two corresponding sides in
 similar figures is called the scale factor
Scale factor= length in image / corresponding length in object
If one shape can become another using revising, then the shapes are similar. Hence,
two shapes are similar when one can become the other after a resize, flip, slide or
turn. In the photograph below showing the side view of a train engine. Scale factor
is 1:200

This means that a length of 1 cm on the photograph above corresponds to a length

of 200cm or 2 m, of the actual engine. The scale can also be written as the ratio of
two lengths.

1. If the length of the model is 11cm, then the overall length of the engine in the
photograph above, including the couplings(mechanism used to connect) is:
2. What will affect the similarity of any two polygons?
3. What is the actual width of the door if the width of the door in photograph is
0.35cm?
4. If two similar triangles have a scale factor 5:3 which statement regarding the two
triangles is true?
5. The length of AB in the given figure:

Answer Keys

Section-A (MCQs)
𝑎𝑐
Q.1 (C) 2cm Q.2 (B) Q.3 (A) 22m Q.4 (A)
𝑏+𝑐
 23.05
Q.5 (A) 5.4cm Q.6 (A) 𝐵𝐶 × 𝐸𝐹 = 𝐴𝐶 × 𝐹𝐷 Q7. (B) 3.75 cm Q.8 C) 40⁰
(Q.9 (B) 7.5 cm Q.10 (C) 4 cm Q.11 (A) 2 cm
Q.12 (D) 15 cm Q.13 (C) 9 m Q.14 (B) 10 cm Q.15 (C)
60cm
Q.16 (D) 18cm Q.17 (C) 2.8cm Q.18 (C) 16cm Q.19 (C)
60cm
Q.20 (D) 36m
Assertion and reasoning Type
Q.1 C Q.2 d Q3. d Q4. b
Section-B (2 Marks)
Q.1 2.4 cm Q.2 2cm Q.3 Q.4 Same proportion
𝑎𝑐
𝑏+𝑐
Q.5 3 Q.6 3cm Q.7 XY is not parallel to BC Q8. Yes
Q.9 16cm Q.10 15.6cm Q.13 2cm Q.14 2.4cm
Q.15 No, EF is not parallel to QR Q.16 Yes, EF is parallel to QR
Yes, EF is parallel to QR Q.19 400 Q.20 AAA criterion, ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝑃𝑄𝑅
Q.21 SSS criterion, ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝑄𝑅𝑃 Q.22 Not similar Q.23 SAS criterion,
∆𝑀𝑁𝐿~∆𝑄𝑃𝑅
Q.24 Not similar Q.25 Yes, similar by AAA Q.26 ∠𝐷𝑂𝐶 = 550 , ∠𝐷𝐶𝑂 = 550 and
∠𝑂𝐴𝐵 = 550.

Section-D (5 Marks)
Q.5 1.6m
Q.8 42m
Section-E (Case Study)
Q.1 (a) 25 feet (b) 18.75 (c) 18.75 feet Q.2 (i) 18.08 feet (ii) 0 (iii) Right triangle

Q.3 240 metres Q.4 (i) 40 metres (ii) AA (iii) 60 metres

Q.5 (i) 16 metres (ii) 5.1 ft (iii) right triangle (iv) AA

Q.6 (i) 150 metres (ii) 3 sec (iii) 3 metres (iv) 2 metres (v) AA criterion

6
Q.7 (i) AA criterion (ii) 5 metres (iii) 5 (iv) 3 metres (v) 10 metres

Q.8 (i) AA criterion (ii) option (a) (iii) option (c) (iv) 48 feet (v) 140 feet

1
Q.9 (i) Isosceles Triangle (ii) 3 (iii) 80cm, 120cm (iv) 400cm (v) 50%

Q.10 3ℎ 2 3 1
(i) (ii) 3 𝐴𝐹 (iii) 4 𝐴𝐺 (iv) 4 𝐴𝐺
4

Q.11 1. c)100m 2. d)60m 3. b)40m 4. a)16m 5. d) 8m

Q.12 a) 8cm b) 6cm c) 4cm d) 10cm
 CHAPTER 8 INTRODUCTION TO TRIGONOMETRY

MCQ

1 The two legs AB & AC of right angled ∆ ABC are in the ratio 1:3, what will be the value of
sin C ?
1 3 1
(a) √10 (b) (c) (d)
√10 √10 2

2. If sin A + sin2A = 1 , then find the value of cos2A + cos4A

1
(a) 1 (b) (c) 2 (d) 3
2

4−𝑠𝑖𝑛2 450
3. The value of is 3.5 , what is the value of A
𝑐𝑜𝑡𝐴 𝑡𝑎𝑛600

(a) 300 (b) 450 (c) 600 (d) 900

2𝑡𝑎𝑛300
4. The value of 1−𝑡𝑎𝑛2 300

(a) cos600 (b) sin600 (c) tan600 (d) sin300

𝟒
5. If cos A = , then the value of tan A is
𝟓

3 3 4 5
(a) (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 3
5

𝟏
6. If sinA = 𝟐 , then the value of cotA is

1 √3
(a) √3 (b) (c) (d) 1
√3 2

𝒂
7. If sinΘ = 𝒃 , then cosΘ is equal to

𝑏 √𝑏2 − 𝑎2 √𝑏2 − 𝑎2 𝑎
(a) √𝑏2 − 𝑎2
(b) (c) (d) √𝑏2
𝑎 𝑏 − 𝑎2

√𝟑
8.Given that sin a = and cosb = 0, then the value of b - a is
𝟐

(a) 00 (b) 900 (c) 600 (d) 300

9. If ∆ ABC is right angled at C , then the value of sec(A + B) is
2
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) (d) not defined
√3
10. If sinΘ + cos Θ = √𝟐cos Θ, (Θ ≠ 900 ) then the value of tan Θ is

(a) √2 - 1 (b) √2 + 1 (c) √2 (d) - √2

11. If ∆ABC is right angled at C , then the value of cos( A + B) is

1 √3
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c)2 (d) 2

𝟏 𝟏
12. If sin α= 𝟐 and cos β=𝟐 , then the value of ( α + β) is

(a) 00 (b) 300 (c) 600 (d) 900

𝟒𝐬𝐢𝐧𝚯 − 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝚯
13. If 4 tan Θ = 3 , then (𝟒𝐬𝐢𝐧𝚯 + 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝚯
) is equal to

2 1 1 3
(a) 3 (b) 3 (c) (d)
2 4

14. If sin Θ - cos 𝜽 = 0, then the value of sin4 𝜽 + cos4 𝜽 is

3 1 1
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d)
4 2 4

15. In the adjoining figure, the length of BC is

(a) 2 √3 cm (b) 3√3 cm (c) 4 √3 cm (d) 3 cm

16. If x = p sec and y = q tan , then

1
(a) x2 - y2 = p2q2 (b) x2q2 - y2p2 = pq (c) x2q2 - y2p2 = (d) x2q2 - y2p2 = p2q2
𝑝𝑞

17. (cos4A - sin4A) is equal to

(a) 1 - 2 cos2A (b) 2 sin2A – 1 (c) sin2A - cos2A (d) 2 cos2A – 1

18. If tan 𝜃 + sin 𝜃 = m and tan 𝜃 - sin 𝜃 = n, then m2 - n2 is equal to

𝑚
(a) √𝑚𝑛 (b)√ 𝑛 (c) 4 √𝑚𝑛 (d) None of these
 𝟓
19. If sin 𝜃 = , then the value of tan 𝜃 is .......... .
𝟏𝟑

5 5 12 8
(a) 13 (b) 12 (c) 13 (d) 13

20. The value of the (tan2600 + sin2450) is .......... .

1 3 7
(a) 2 (b) (c) 1 (d)
2 2

21. sin2600 - 2 tan 450 - cos2300 = ?

(a) 2 (b) –2 (c) 1 (d) –1

22. What happens to value of cos 𝜃 when increases from 0º to 90º.

(a) cos 𝜃 decreases from 1 to 0. (b) cos 𝜃 increases from 0 to 1.

1 1
(c) cos 𝜃 increases from to 1 (d) cos 𝜃 decreases from 1 to 2
2

23. tan4 𝜃 + tan2 𝜃 = ?

(a) sec2 𝜃 - 2 sec4 𝜃 (b) 2 sec2 𝜃 - sec4 𝜃

(c) sec2 𝜃 - sec4 𝜃 (d) sec4 𝜃 - sec2 𝜃

𝟏−𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜃
24. √ = ?
𝟏+ 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝜃

(a) sin 𝜃 - cos 𝜃 (b) sec 𝜃 - tan 𝜃

(c) sec 𝜃 + tan 𝜃 (d) sin 𝜃 + cos 𝜃

𝟏− 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝜃
25. 𝟏+ 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝜃 = ?

(a) 1 (b) cos2 𝜃 - sin2 𝜃 (c) sin2 𝜃 (d) cos2 𝜃

26. In the given figure, AOB is a diameter of a circle with centre O, The value of tanA.tanB
will be
 (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) √3 (d) 3

27. If tan5 𝜃 = 1 then 𝜃 is equal to

(a) 9º (b) 90º (c) 45º (d) 30º

𝟏
28. If tan(A + B) =√𝟑 and tan(A- B) = , A > B , then the value of A is ......... .
√𝟑

(a) 45° (b) 60° (c) 90° (d) 30°

29. The value of (1 + tan2 𝜃 ) (1 - sin 𝜃) (1 + sin 𝜃) =

1
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 2

30. If tanA = cotB, then the value of (A + B) is

(a) 90° (b) 120° (c) 60° (d) 180°

Q.NO. Ans. Q.NO. Ans. Q.NO. Ans.

1 B 11 A 21 B

2 A 12 D 22 A

3 C 13 C 23 D

4 C 14 C 24 B

5 B 15 D 25 B

6 A 16 D 26 A

7 C 17 D 27 A

8 D 18 C 28 A
 9 D 19 B 29 B

10 A 20 D 30 A

Assertion and Reasoning Questions

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion

(A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

ANSWER OF THE QUESTIONS :-

Q.31. Assertion: If cosA+cos2A=1 then sin2A+sin4A=1.

Reason: sin2A+cos2A=1, for any value of A
Answer-b
Q.32. Assertion: The value of 2tan2450+cos2300-sin2600 is 2.
Reason: value of tan450=1, cos300=√3/2 and sin600=√3/2.
Answer-a

Q.33. Assertion: If x=2 sin2θ and y=2cos2θ+1 then the value of x+y=3.
Reason: For any value of θ, sin2θ+cos2θ=1
Answer-a
Q.34. Assertion: sinA is the product of sin & A.
Reason: The value of sinθ increases as θ increases.
Answer-d
Q.35. Assertion: In a right ΔABC, right angled at B, if tanA=1, then 2sinA.cosA=1
Reason: cosecA is the abbreviation used for cosecant of angle A.
Answer- b
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (TYPE I)
𝟓
Q 36. If tan𝛼 = , find the value of sec𝛼 . (Hint :using identity sec2 𝛼 = tan2 α +1 )
𝟏𝟐

Secα = 13/12

Q 37. If sec2𝜃(1+sin𝜃) (1-sin𝜃)=k , find the value of k

Solution :- sec2𝜃(1+sin𝜃) (1-sin𝜃) = sec2𝜃(1-𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃)= sec2𝜃 cos2𝜃 =1

 1
Q 38 . If sin𝜃=3 , then find the value of 2 cot2𝜃+2.

Solution :- 2cot2𝜃 +2 = 2(cot2𝜃+1) =2 cosec2𝜃 = 2 .32 =18

Q 39. What is the value of 𝜃 ,if √3 sin𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃

Ans- 𝜃 =300
3 𝟏 𝟏
Q 40. If tanA = 4 ,find the value of 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑨 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑨 .

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (TYPE- II)

Q 41. If sin 𝜃+cos 𝜃 = √3 , then prove that tan 𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 = 1

𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃−1 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃+1
Q 42. Prove that √𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃+1 +√𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃−1 = 2cosec𝜃

1
Q 43. If 1+ sin2 θ=3sin𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, then prove that tan𝜃 = 1 𝑜𝑟 2

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃+1 1
.Q 44. Prove that 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃−1 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃−𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃

Q 45. If sin𝜃+cos𝜃 = 𝑝 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 = 𝑞 , 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑞(𝑝2 − 1 ) = 2𝑝

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

𝑡𝑎𝑛3 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑡 3 𝜃
Q 46. Prove that 1+𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝜃 + 1+𝑐𝑜𝑡 2𝜃 = sec𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 − 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃

Q 47. Prove that (sin θ + sec θ)2 + (cos θ + cosec θ)2 = (1 + sec𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃)2

Q 48 If xsin3 𝜃 + 𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠3 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 , prove that x2+y2=1

Q 49. If x= a sec𝜃 +b tan𝜃 and y= a tan𝜃 +b sec𝜃 , prove that x2-y2 = a2-b2

Q 50. Prove that 2sec2𝜃 –sec4𝜃 – 2cosec2𝜃 +cosec4𝜃 = cot4𝜃 –tan4𝜃

CASE STUDY QUESTIONS

Case Study -1

Golf is a game played in an open field where the golfer plays his golf ball into a hole by using
different types of clubs (golf instruments). In golf, a golfer plays a number of holes in a given
order. 18 holes played in an order controlled by the golf course design, normally make up a
game.

On your approach shot to the ninth green, the Global Positioning System (GPS) your cart is
equipped with tells you the pin is 120 meter away.

Q 1.The distance plate states the straight line distance to the hole is 60 meter. Relative to a
straight line between the plate and the hole, at what acute angle should you hit the shot?

Ans - 60°

Q 2. What is the value of the tangent of the above angle?

Ans √𝟑

Q 3. What is the length of the side opposite to the angle θ in the given picture ?

Ans- 103.9 m
 Case Study-II

A heavy-duty ramp is used to winch heavy appliances from street

level up to a warehouse loading dock. If the ramp is 2 meter high
and the incline is 4 meter long.

(Use √𝟑 = 1.73)

Q 1 . What angle does the dock make with the street?

Ans- 30°
Q 2. How long is the base of the ramp? ( In round figure)
Ans - 3.5 m
Q 3. If the ramp is inclined at the angle of 45° , what is the height of the ramp ? Use √𝟐 =
1.41
Ans- 2.82 m

Case Study-III

A truss is a structure that consists of members organized into connected triangles so that
the overall assembly behaves as a single object. Trusses are most commonly used in bridges,
roofs and towers.

Consider the line diagram of truss shown below and find the following length

(Use √𝟑 = 1.732)
Q 1. What is the length a?

Ans- 20 m

Q 2. What is the length b ?

Ans - 17.32 m

Q 3. What is the length d ?

Ans- 34.64 m
Case Study-IV

Tower cranes are a common fixture at any major construction site. They’re pretty hard to
miss – they often rise hundreds of feet into the air, and can reach out just as far. The
construction crew uses the tower crane to lift steel, concrete, large tools like acetylene
torches and generators, and a wide variety of other building materials

A crane stands on a level ground. It is represented by a tower AB, of height 24 m and a jib
BR. The jib is of length 16 m and can rotate in a vertical plane about B. A vertical cable, RS ,
carries a load S . The diagram shows current position of the jib, cable and load.

Q 1. What is the distance BS ?

Ans- 8 √3 m
Q 2. What is the angle that the jib, BR, makes with the horizontal ?
Ans- 30°

Q 3. What is the distance between the points A and S ?

Ans - 27.71 m
Case Study - V

Water Slide Design : Slide shown in the figure is part of a design for a water slide.

(Use √𝟐 = 1.41 and √𝟑 = 1.73)

Q 1. What is the length of flat part of slide.

Ans- 14.62 m

Q 2. Which inclined part is more comfortable for small children ? Upper inclination or lower
inclination ?

Ans – upper inclination

Q 3 . What is the total length of the slide?

(a) 5.4 m (b) 21.6 m (c) 33.69 m (d) 42.2 m